Motor, motor fan system and airflow path adjustment and gradient layout method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a motor, a motor fan system and an airflow path adjustment and gradient layout method thereof. The axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan are arranged on the motor rotating shaft to form the fan system, the axial flow fan can be positively installed or reversely installed according to needs to adjust the airflow path, the installation position of the axial flow fan adopts gradient layout, and the position of the axial flow fan in the axial direction of the rotating shaft can be adjusted according to needs. And collaborative optimization of heat dissipation efficiency, energy consumption and noise of the motor can be realized. In addition, according to the scheme, the mounting direction and the mounting position of the axial flow fan are determined according to a specific mode, and the requirements of different working conditions can be met. The motor fan system comprises a centrifugal fan and an axial flow fan which are arranged on the rotating shaft; the centrifugal fan and the axial flow fan are arranged on the two sides of the rotor core assembly respectively, and the centrifugal fan and the axial flow fan are located in the machine shell; the connecting structure of the centrifugal fan and the rotating shaft meets the following requirements: the connecting structure has two forms of forward mounting and reverse mounting, and the mounting position can be adjusted in the axial direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the heat dissipation technology of motors, specifically to motors, motor fan systems and their air flow path adjustment and gradient layout methods, and is applicable to the heat dissipation optimization and noise control of high-power density devices such as industrial motors and servo motors. Background Art

[0002] If the heat generated during the operation of the motor is not dissipated in time, it will accelerate the aging of the insulating material, leading to permanent damages such as winding short circuits and grounding faults. In addition, poor heat dissipation will cause the internal temperature of the motor to continue to rise, forming a vicious cycle of "temperature rise - efficiency decline - heat generation intensification". Effective heat dissipation can maintain the motor operating within a reasonable temperature range and reduce the additional energy loss caused by high temperature. The motor heat dissipation system is a core link that cannot be ignored in the design and operation of the motor.

[0003] Traditional motor heat dissipation systems mostly use fixed axial fans, which have the following defects:

[0004] 1. Single air flow path: The blade angle of the axial fan is fixed and cannot adjust the air flow direction according to the motor operating conditions (such as power and temperature). At low loads, high wind speeds lead to increased energy consumption and noise; at high loads, insufficient heat dissipation efficiency is likely to cause overheating of the stator coil.

[0005] 2. Contradiction between heat dissipation and energy efficiency: Existing designs are difficult to balance the requirements of low noise, low energy consumption and high-efficiency heat dissipation. Especially in the scenarios where the motor starts and stops frequently or operates under variable conditions, the heat dissipation performance fluctuates significantly, affecting the equipment life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a motor, a motor fan system and their air flow path adjustment and gradient layout methods. The solution of the present invention forms a fan system by arranging an axial fan and a centrifugal fan on the motor shaft. Among them, the axial fan can be installed in the forward or reverse direction as needed to adjust the air flow path, and the installation position of the axial fan adopts a gradient layout, and its position in the axial direction of the shaft can be adjusted as needed, which can realize the coordinated optimization of the motor heat dissipation efficiency, energy consumption and noise. In addition, the solution of the present invention determines the installation direction and installation position of the axial fan in a specific manner, which can meet the requirements of different operating conditions.

[0007] For the motor, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0008] A motor includes a rotor, a stator, and a housing; the housing consists of a cylinder, a front end cover, and a rear end cover; the stator is fixedly arranged inside the cylinder; the rotor includes a rotating shaft and a rotor core assembly arranged on the rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the front end cover and the rear end cover through bearing assemblies; on the rotating shaft, on both sides of the rotor core assembly, a centrifugal fan and an axial flow fan are respectively arranged, and the centrifugal fan and the axial flow fan are located inside the housing; the connection structure between the axial flow fan and the rotating shaft satisfies: there are two forms, namely direct installation and reverse installation, and the installation position can be adjusted axially on the rotating shaft; when the axial flow fan is directly installed, its blowing direction points to the centrifugal fan; when the axial flow fan is reversely installed, its blowing direction is opposite to that in the direct installation state.

[0009] Therefore, the installation method and position can be selected according to the working conditions. When the axial flow fan is directly installed, the axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan form an overall large air circulation for overall heat exchange and cooling. At this time, the energy consumption and noise are relatively low. When the axial flow fan is reversely installed, the axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan form a gas convection to strengthen the local heat dissipation of the stator coil. At this time, the heat dissipation speed is fast, but due to the existence of air flow counterflow, the energy consumption and noise are relatively large; in addition, the axial flow fan adopts a gradient installation distance design, and the position in the axial direction can be adjusted as needed. When the installation distance of the axial flow fan relative to the stator is relatively small, a high wind speed area can be formed to strengthen the heat dissipation of the stator and rotor coils. When the installation distance of the axial flow fan relative to the stator is relatively large, the air flow velocity can be reduced to reduce turbulence, and at the same time, the residence time of the air flow inside the motor can be extended to improve the overall heat dissipation uniformity.

[0010] Further, in the aforementioned motor, the axial flow fan is arranged between the front end cover and the rotor core assembly; the centrifugal fan is arranged between the rear end cover and the rotor core assembly. Arranging the axial flow fan at the front side and the centrifugal fan at the rear side facilitates the adjustment of the axial flow fan.

[0011] Further, in the aforementioned motor, the rotating shaft is provided with a group of circumferentially distributed threaded mounting holes. Correspondingly, the axial flow fan is provided with bolt mounting holes, and the axial flow fan is fixed by bolts passing through the bolt mounting holes and mating with the threaded mounting holes; there are multiple groups of threaded mounting holes in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. This connection structure can achieve two installation forms, namely direct installation and reverse installation, and has the advantages of easy disassembly and assembly.

[0012] Further, in the aforementioned motor, the rear end of the rotating shaft extends from the rear end cover to the outside of the housing, and an external axial flow fan is provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft; correspondingly, a wind cover is provided at the rear end of the housing. Thus, when the motor works, the rotating shaft drives the external axial flow fan to rotate, further improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0013] For the fan system, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] The motor fan system includes a centrifugal fan and an axial flow fan provided on a rotating shaft; the centrifugal fan and the axial flow fan are respectively provided on both sides of the rotor core assembly, and the centrifugal fan and the axial flow fan are located inside the housing; the connection structure between the axial flow fan and the rotating shaft satisfies: there are two forms of forward installation and reverse installation, and the installation position can be adjusted axially on the rotating shaft; when the axial flow fan is installed forward, its blowing direction points to the centrifugal fan; when the axial flow fan is installed in reverse, its blowing direction is opposite to that in the forward installation. When the motor adopts the fan system of the present invention, the centrifugal fan and the axial flow fan work together to form an internal air flow cycle; during use, the installation method and position can be selected according to the working conditions to achieve the coordinated optimization of the motor heat dissipation efficiency, energy consumption and noise.

[0015] In the front motor fan system, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the axial flow fan, the axial flow fan is provided between the front end cover of the motor and the rotor core assembly, and the centrifugal fan is provided between the rear end cover of the motor and the rotor core assembly.

[0016] In the front motor fan system, for convenient disassembly and assembly, the rotating shaft is provided with a set of circumferentially distributed threaded mounting holes, and correspondingly, the axial flow fan is provided with bolt mounting holes, and the axial flow fan is fixed by bolts passing through the bolt mounting holes and mating with the threaded mounting holes; there are multiple sets of threaded mounting holes axially on the rotating shaft.

[0017] In the front motor fan system, the rear end of the rotating shaft extends from the rear end cover to the outside of the housing, and an external axial flow fan is provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft; correspondingly, a wind hood is provided at the rear end of the housing. The setting of the external axial flow fan can further improve the heat dissipation capacity of the motor.

[0018] For the air flow path adjustment and gradient layout method, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0019] For the air flow path adjustment and gradient layout method of the motor fan system of the present invention described above, under normal circumstances, the axial flow fan is installed forward, and the blowing direction of the axial flow fan points to the centrifugal fan; during operation, the axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan form an overall large cycle; when it is necessary to strengthen the local heat exchange and cooling of the stator coil, the axial flow fan is installed in reverse to change the blowing direction of the axial flow fan; during operation, the axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan form a gas convection.

[0020] Further, in the air flow path adjustment and gradient layout method of the motor fan system described above, under normal circumstances, the axial flow fan is installed forward, and the installation position makes the axial flow fan have a large distance from the rotor core assembly; when it is necessary to strengthen the local heat exchange and cooling of the stator coil, while installing the axial flow fan in reverse, the distance between the axial flow fan and the rotor core assembly is reduced.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions of the present invention have the following remarkable improvements:

[0022] (1) By arranging an axial-flow fan and a centrifugal fan that work together inside the motor, when the motor is working, the motor rotating shaft rotates, driving the axial-flow fan and the centrifugal fan to work, forming an internal air flow circulation, with high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0023] (2) The axial-flow fan inside the motor can be selected to be installed in the normal direction or the reverse direction as needed. When the axial-flow fan is installed in the normal direction, the axial-flow fan and the centrifugal fan form a large air flow circulation, which can achieve high-efficiency heat dissipation while having low energy consumption and low noise. When the axial-flow fan is installed in the reverse direction, the axial-flow fan and the centrifugal fan form a convective circulation, which can strengthen the heat dissipation of the stator coil. The installation position of the axial-flow fan inside the motor adopts a gradient distribution design, and the installation position can be adjusted axially on the motor rotating shaft. When the installation distance of the axial-flow fan relative to the stator is small, a high wind speed area can be formed, and the stator and rotor coils dissipate heat quickly. When the installation distance of the axial-flow fan relative to the stator is large, the air flow velocity can be reduced to reduce turbulence, and at the same time, the residence time of the air flow inside the motor can be extended to improve the overall heat dissipation uniformity.

[0024] (3) In the air flow path adjustment and gradient layout method of the motor fan system of the present invention, the axial-flow fan is installed in a specific manner according to requirements, which can achieve the coordinated optimization of the heat dissipation efficiency, energy consumption and noise of the motor. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the motor according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the motor fan system according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal air flow circulation of the motor when the axial-flow fan is installed in the normal direction;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal air flow circulation of the motor when the axial-flow fan is installed in the reverse direction;

[0029] Figure 5 is a layout diagram of the gradient installation of the axial-flow fan in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the axial-flow fan and the motor rotating shaft in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a partial view of the motor rotating shaft in the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - rotor, 101 - rotating shaft, 1011 - bolt mounting hole, 102 - rotor core assembly; 2 - stator; 3 - housing, 301 - cylinder, 302 - front end cover, 303 - rear end cover; 4 - centrifugal fan; 5 - axial flow fan, 501 - bolt mounting hole; 6 - external axial flow fan; 7 - air shroud. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but it is not used as a basis for limiting the present application. The content not described in detail in the following embodiments is common technical knowledge in the art.

[0034] Embodiment (see Figures 1-7 )

[0035] This embodiment provides a motor that adopts the motor fan system of the present invention. The same as the prior art, the motor in this embodiment includes a rotor 1, a stator 2, and a housing 3; the housing 3 is composed of a cylinder 301, a front end cover 302, and a rear end cover 303; the stator 2 is fixedly arranged inside the cylinder 301; the rotor 1 includes a rotating shaft 101 and a rotor core assembly 102 arranged on the rotating shaft 101, and both ends of the rotating shaft 101 are rotatably connected to the front end cover 302 and the rear end cover 303 through bearing assemblies; different from the prior art: on the rotating shaft 101, on both sides of the rotor core assembly 102, a centrifugal fan 4 and an axial flow fan 5 are respectively arranged, and the centrifugal fan 4 and the axial flow fan 5 are located inside the housing 3; the connection structure between the axial flow fan 5 and the rotating shaft 101 satisfies: there are two forms of direct installation and reverse installation, and the installation position can be adjusted axially on the rotating shaft 101; when the axial flow fan 5 is directly installed, its blowing direction points to the centrifugal fan 4; when the axial flow fan 5 is reversely installed, its blowing direction is opposite to that when it is directly installed. When the motor works, the rotating shaft 101 drives the centrifugal fan 4 and the axial flow fan 5 to generate internal air flow in the motor. When the axial flow fan 5 is directly installed, the centrifugal fan 4 and the axial flow fan 5 form a large air flow cycle as shown in Figure 3 , and when the axial flow fan 5 is reversely installed, the centrifugal fan 4 and the axial flow fan 5 form a convection cycle as shown in Figure 4 . When the installation position of the axial flow fan 5 is relatively close to the stator 2, a high wind speed area can be formed, and the stator and rotor coils dissipate heat quickly. When the installation position of the axial flow fan 5 is relatively far from the stator 2, the air flow velocity can be reduced to reduce turbulence, and at the same time, the residence time of the air flow inside the motor can be extended, improving the overall heat dissipation uniformity.

[0036] In this embodiment: the axial flow fan 5 is arranged between the front end cover 302 and the rotor core assembly 102; the centrifugal fan 4 is arranged between the rear end cover 303 and the rotor core assembly 102. Thus, by removing the front end cover 302, the installation method or installation position of the axial flow fan 5 can be adjusted as needed.

[0037] In this embodiment: As Figure 5 shown, the axial flow fan 5 has three installation positions in the axial direction of the motor shaft, and the distances from the end of the rotor core assembly 102 are 50 mm, 25 mm, and 10 mm respectively. The appropriate installation position can be selected according to needs. As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, a group of circumferentially distributed threaded mounting holes 1011 are provided on the rotating shaft 101. Correspondingly, bolt mounting holes 501 are provided on the axial flow fan 5, and the axial flow fan 5 is fixed by bolts passing through the bolt mounting holes 501 and mating with the threaded mounting holes 1011; there are multiple groups of threaded mounting holes 1011 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 101. Specifically, in this embodiment: The rear end of the rotating shaft 101 extends from the rear end cover 303 to the outside of the casing 3, and an external axial flow fan 6 is provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft 101; correspondingly, a wind hood 7 is provided at the rear end of the casing 3. When the motor is working, the rotating shaft 101 drives the external axial flow fan 6 to enhance heat dissipation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the air flow path adjustment and gradient layout method of the motor fan system are as follows:

[0039] Under normal circumstances, the axial flow fan 5 is installed upright, and the blowing direction of the axial flow fan 5 points to the centrifugal fan 4 and the installation position makes the axial flow fan 5 have a large distance from the rotor core assembly 102; when working, the axial flow fan 5 and the centrifugal fan 4 form an overall large cycle; at this time, the motor energy consumption and noise are low.

[0040] When it is necessary to strengthen the local heat exchange and cooling of the stator coil, the axial flow fan 5 is installed reversely, and the blowing direction of the axial flow fan 5 points to the front end cover 302. At the same time, the distance between the axial flow fan 5 and the rotor core assembly 102 is reduced; when working, the axial flow fan 5 and the centrifugal fan 4 form a gas convection. At this time, the heat dissipation speed of the motor stator is fast, and local overheating can be avoided (the motor stator is the main component causing the motor temperature rise).

[0041] The above general description of the invention involved in this application and the description of its specific implementation should not be understood as a limitation on the technical solution of the invention. Those skilled in the art can, based on the disclosure of this application, without departing from the constituent elements of the involved invention, add, subtract, or combine the disclosed technical features in the above general description or / and specific implementation (including embodiments) to form other technical solutions within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A motor, comprising a rotor (1), a stator (2) and a housing (3); the housing (3) is composed of a cylinder body (301), a front end cover (302) and a rear end cover (303); the stator (2) is fixedly arranged inside the cylinder body (301); the rotor (1) includes a rotating shaft (101) and a rotor core assembly (102) arranged on the rotating shaft (101), and both ends of the rotating shaft (101) are rotatably connected to the front end cover (302) and the rear end cover (303) through bearing assemblies; characterized in that: On the rotating shaft (101), on both sides of the rotor core assembly (102), a centrifugal fan (4) and an axial-flow fan (5) are respectively provided, and the centrifugal fan (4) and the axial-flow fan (5) are located inside the casing (3); the connection structure between the axial-flow fan (5) and the rotating shaft (101) satisfies: there are two forms of direct installation and reverse installation, and the installation position can be adjusted in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (101); when the axial-flow fan (5) is directly installed, its blowing direction points to the centrifugal fan (4); when the axial-flow fan (5) is reversely installed, its blowing direction is opposite to that in the direct installation state.

2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein: The axial-flow fan (5) is arranged between the front end cover (302) and the rotor core assembly (102), and the centrifugal fan (4) is arranged between the rear end cover (303) and the rotor core assembly (102).

3. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (101) is provided with circumferentially distributed threaded mounting holes (1011) in groups. Correspondingly, the axial-flow fan (5) is provided with bolt mounting holes (501), and the axial-flow fan (5) is fixed by bolts passing through the bolt mounting holes (501) and mating with the threaded mounting holes (1011); there are multiple groups of threaded mounting holes (1011) in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (101).

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear end of the rotating shaft (101) extends from the rear end cover (303) to the outside of the casing (3), and an external axial-flow fan (6) is provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft (101); correspondingly, a wind hood (7) is provided at the rear end of the casing (3).

5. Motor fan system, characterized in that: It includes a centrifugal fan (4) and an axial-flow fan (5) provided on the rotating shaft (101); the centrifugal fan (4) and the axial-flow fan (5) are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotor core assembly (102), and the centrifugal fan (4) and the axial-flow fan (5) are located inside the casing (3); the connection structure between the axial-flow fan (5) and the rotating shaft (101) satisfies: there are two forms of direct installation and reverse installation, and the installation position can be adjusted in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (101); when the axial-flow fan (5) is directly installed, its blowing direction points to the centrifugal fan (4); when the axial-flow fan (5) is reversely installed, its blowing direction is opposite to that in the direct installation state.

6. The motor fan system according to claim 5, wherein: The axial-flow fan (5) is arranged between the front end cover (302) of the motor and the rotor core assembly (102), and the centrifugal fan (4) is arranged between the rear end cover (303) of the motor and the rotor core assembly (102).

7. The motor fan system according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating shaft (101) is provided with circumferentially distributed threaded mounting holes (1011) in groups. Correspondingly, the axial-flow fan (5) is provided with bolt mounting holes (501), and the axial-flow fan (5) is fixed by bolts passing through the bolt mounting holes (501) and mating with the threaded mounting holes (1011); there are multiple groups of threaded mounting holes (1011) in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (101).

8. The motor according to claim 7, wherein: The rear end of the rotating shaft (101) extends from the rear end cover (303) to the outside of the casing (3), and an external axial-flow fan (6) is provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft (101); correspondingly, a wind hood (7) is provided at the rear end of the casing (3).

9. The method for adjusting the air flow path and gradient layout of the motor fan system according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that: Under normal circumstances, the axial flow fan (5) is installed upright, and the blowing direction of the axial flow fan (5) points to the centrifugal fan (4); during operation, the axial flow fan (5) and the centrifugal fan (4) form an overall large cycle; When it is necessary to strengthen the local heat transfer and cooling of the stator coil, the axial flow fan (5) is installed reversely, and the blowing direction of the axial flow fan (5) points to the front end cover (302); during operation, the axial flow fan (5) and the centrifugal fan (4) form a gas convection.

10. The method for adjusting the air flow path and gradient layout of the motor fan system according to claim 9, wherein: Under normal circumstances, the axial flow fan (5) is installed upright, and the installation position is such that there is a large distance between the axial flow fan (5) and the rotor core assembly (102); When it is necessary to strengthen the local heat transfer and cooling of the stator coil, while the axial flow fan (5) is installed reversely, the distance between the axial flow fan (5) and the rotor core assembly (102) is reduced.

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