Electric automobile power distribution system and electric automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle power distribution, and provides an electric vehicle power distribution system and an electric vehicle. The system comprises: one or more low-voltage distribution boxes for supplying power to a first load, each low-voltage distribution box comprising a plurality of power supply connectors and an internal communication bus unit; for the first loads of the same type, the preset connection requirements comprise that each first load is connected to a different power supply connector, and each first load corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit, so that each first load communicates through buses of different numbers. According to the embodiment of the invention, the flexibility of the low-voltage power distribution mode of the electric vehicle can be improved, and the power supply safety of the whole vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of electric vehicle power distribution, and in particular to an electric vehicle power distribution system and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In an automotive electrical system, a distribution box is a core component for power distribution and protection, responsible for safely and efficiently distributing power from the power source to each electrical device and ensuring circuit safety. With the development of automotive electronic technology, the complexity of the electrical system has increased. Traditional distribution boxes have problems such as insufficient intelligence, low reliability, inconvenient maintenance, and poor scalability, and can no longer meet the requirements of automotive electrification, intelligence, and networking. Although existing intelligent distribution boxes have made certain improvements, such as replacing some conventional fuses or other protection devices with electronic fuses, they still have problems such as poor compatibility and insufficient safety and reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electric vehicle power distribution system that can improve the flexibility of the low-voltage power distribution method of electric vehicles while enhancing the safety of vehicle power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems of insufficient intelligence, low reliability, inconvenient maintenance, and poor scalability of traditional distribution boxes, which can no longer meet the requirements of automotive electrification, intelligence, and networking, and although existing intelligent distribution boxes have made certain improvements, such as replacing some conventional fuses or other protection devices with electronic fuses, they still have problems such as poor compatibility and insufficient safety and reliability, this solution is proposed to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0004] On the one hand, the purpose of some embodiments of this specification is to provide an electric vehicle power distribution system, and the system includes:

[0005] One or more low-voltage distribution boxes for supplying power to a first load, and each low-voltage distribution box includes a plurality of power supply connectors and an internal communication bus unit;

[0006] For the same type of first load, its preset connection requirements include that each first load is connected to a different power supply connector, and each first load corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit, so that each first load communicates through different numbered buses.

[0007] Further, according to the preset cross-allocation constraint conditions of the same type of first load, the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of first loads is greater than a first threshold; according to the preset cost constraint conditions, the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of first loads is less than a second threshold.

[0008] Further, each power supply connector includes one or more power supply ports, and the number of power supply ports of the low-voltage distribution box and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports are determined according to the overall vehicle's primary power load distribution requirements.

[0009] Further, it further includes:

[0010] Perform clustering division according to the number of power supply ports and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports, and analyze and determine the number of power supply connectors, the number of power supply ports in the power supply connectors, and the positions of the power supply connectors based on the clustering division results and the principle of proximity.

[0011] Further, the principle of proximity at least includes:

[0012] Any two power supply ports with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path in the low-voltage distribution box are located in the same power supply connector and / or adjacent power supply connectors.

[0013] Further, it further includes:

[0014] The low-voltage distribution box is used to supply power to multiple second loads, and the safety level of the first load exceeds that of the second load.

[0015] Further, after meeting the preset connection requirements of the same type of first load, allocate and connect the same type of second load according to the remaining available power supply connectors and the distribution of power supply ports in the power supply connectors, so as to maximize the ratio of the second load that meets the preset connection requirements to the total number of the same type of second loads;

[0016] The preset connection requirements of the second load include: for the same type of second load, each second load is connected to a different power supply connector, and each second load corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit, so that each second load communicates through different numbered buses.

[0017] Further, after meeting the preset connection requirements of the same type of second load, it further includes:

[0018] Allocate and connect a single type of first load and / or a single type of second load according to the power supply capacity of the remaining available power supply ports and the power consumption requirements of the primary power load.

[0019] Further, after meeting the preset connection requirements of the same type of second load, it further includes:

[0020] Allocate and connect a single type of first load according to the remaining available power supply connectors and the distribution of power supply ports, so that the single type of first load is evenly corresponding to the remaining available power supply connectors.

[0021] Further, the bus ports corresponding to the first loads of each individual type are connected to the internal communication bus unit, and the first load balancing of the individual type corresponds to different numbered buses.

[0022] Further, multiple loads among the first loads adopt primary-secondary backup or dual redundant backup.

[0023] Based on the same inventive concept, on the other hand, some embodiments of this specification also provide an electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle is provided with the electric vehicle power distribution system described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided by some embodiments of this specification have at least the following technical effects:

[0025] The embodiments of this specification include one or more low-voltage distribution boxes to provide low-voltage primary power supply for multiple first loads in the whole vehicle. Among them, each low-voltage distribution box includes multiple power supply connectors and an internal communication bus unit. For the first loads of the same type, the preset connection requirements include: the first loads of the same type are connected to different power supply connectors, and each first load corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit, so that each first load communicates through different numbered buses, thereby cross-distributing the first loads of the same type to different power supply connectors and different power supply ports in the low-voltage distribution box, to avoid the situation that all the first loads of the same type connected to the abnormal power supply connector are abnormal due to the abnormality of a certain power supply connector, and also cross-distribute the first loads of the same type to different numbered buses, to avoid the situation that all the first loads of the same type connected to the abnormal bus are abnormal when a certain numbered bus is abnormal, thereby fully ensuring the power supply safety of the first loads, especially the first loads of the same type. And through such a cross-distribution mechanism, multiple feasible cross-distribution connection methods can be provided for the current low-voltage distribution box, so as to flexibly select a suitable cross-distribution connection method according to actual needs.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of some embodiments of this specification. In order to be able to understand the technical means of some embodiments of this specification more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of some embodiments of this specification more obvious and understandable, the following specifically gives the specific implementation manners of some embodiments of this specification. Description of the Drawings

[0027] To more clearly illustrate some embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle power distribution system in some embodiments of this specification;

[0029] Figure 2A And Figure 2B Shows a schematic structural relationship diagram between a power supply connector and a power supply port in some embodiments of this specification;

[0030] Figure 2C Shows a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage distribution box in some embodiments of this specification;

[0031] Figure 2D Shows a schematic structural relationship diagram between a power supply port and a bus port in a power supply connector in some embodiments of this specification;

[0032] Figure 3 Is a schematic connection relationship diagram of a low-voltage distribution box supplying power to multiple second loads in some embodiments of this specification;

[0033] Figure 4 Is a first architecture schematic diagram of a low-voltage primary power supply system composed of two low-voltage distribution boxes in some embodiments of this specification;

[0034] Figure 5 Is a second architecture schematic diagram of a low-voltage primary power supply system composed of two low-voltage distribution boxes in some embodiments of this specification.

[0035]

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0036] 100, low-voltage distribution box;

[0037] 101, first load;

[0038] 102, power supply connector;

[0039] 103, internal communication bus unit;

[0040] 104, first loads of the same type;

[0041] 105, bus port;

[0042] 106, power supply port;

[0043] 107, integrated port;

[0044] A. Bus;

[0045] B. Bus;

[0046] 301. Second load;

[0047] 401. First load and second load;

[0048] 402. Low - voltage primary power supply system;

[0049] IDU1. Left body low - voltage distribution box;

[0050] IDU2. Right body low - voltage distribution box. Detailed implementation

[0051] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in some embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, rather than all of them. Based on some embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and the above - mentioned drawings of this article are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this article described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, device, product or equipment that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0053] It should be noted that in the technical solutions of this application, the acquisition, storage, use, processing, etc. of data all comply with the relevant regulations of relevant laws and regulations.

[0054] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, some industry - existing solutions such as certain software, components, models, etc. may be mentioned. They should be regarded as exemplary, and their purpose is only to illustrate the feasibility in the implementation of the technical solutions of this application, but it does not mean that the applicant has already or necessarily used this solution.

[0055] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and should not be construed in any way as a limitation of the present invention. Under the teaching of the present invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, and all of these should be regarded as falling within the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0057] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides an electric vehicle power distribution system, including:

[0058] One or more low-voltage distribution boxes 100 for supplying power to the first load 101. Each low-voltage distribution box 100 includes a plurality of power supply connectors 102 and an internal communication bus unit 103;

[0059] For the same type of first load 104, its preset connection requirements include that each first load 101 is connected to a different power supply connector 102, and each first load 101 corresponds to a different bus port 105 of the internal communication bus unit 103, so that each first load 101 communicates through different numbered buses, such as bus A, bus B, etc.

[0060] It can be understood that the embodiments of this specification include one or more low-voltage distribution boxes 100 to provide low-voltage primary power supply for multiple first loads 101 in the whole vehicle. Among them, each low-voltage distribution box 100 includes multiple power supply connectors 102 and an internal communication bus unit 103. For the same type of first load 104, its preset connection requirements include: the same type of first load 104 is connected to different power supply connectors 102, and each first load 101 corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit 103, so that each first load 101 communicates through different numbered buses, thereby cross-distributing the same type of first load 104 to different power supply connectors 102 and different power supply ports in the low-voltage distribution box 100, to avoid the situation that all the same type of first loads 104 connected to an abnormal power supply connector 102 are abnormal due to the abnormality of a certain power supply connector 102, and also cross-distribute the same type of first load 104 to different numbered buses, to avoid the situation that all the same type of first loads 104 connected to an abnormal bus are abnormal when a certain numbered bus is abnormal, thereby fully ensuring the power supply safety of the first load 101, especially the same type of first load 104. And through such a cross-distribution mechanism, multiple feasible cross-distribution connection methods can be provided for the current low-voltage distribution box 100, so as to flexibly select a suitable cross-distribution connection method according to actual needs.

[0061] Further, in some embodiments, one or more low-voltage distribution boxes 100 may be provided in the whole vehicle to form a low-voltage primary power supply system. The low-voltage primary power supply system can be connected to a high-voltage power supply unit to provide low-voltage primary power supply for multiple primary power load. The primary power load may include the first load 101, etc.

[0062] In order to achieve the cross-distribution of the same type of first load 104 on the low-voltage distribution box 100, in some embodiments, it is necessary to control the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of first loads 101 to be greater than a first threshold according to the preset cross-distribution constraint conditions of the same type of first load 104; and control the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of first loads 101 to be less than a second threshold according to the preset cost constraint conditions.

[0063] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the preset cross - allocation constraint condition of the first loads 104 of the same type refers to that the connection relationship between the first loads 104 of the same type, the power supply connectors 102 in the low - voltage distribution box 100, and the buses with multiple numbers needs to conform to the cross - allocation mechanism. That is, each load of the first loads 104 of the same type corresponds to different power supply connectors 102 in the low - voltage distribution box 100 and also corresponds to buses with different numbers. Therefore, in order to ensure that the first loads 104 of the same type can correspond to different buses, given the first loads 104 of the same type, the number of bus numbers needs to be large enough so that the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of the first loads 101 is greater than the first threshold. At the same time, the number of bus numbers is not the larger the better. That is, the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of the first loads 101 is not the larger the better. The increase in the number of bus numbers will also increase costs such as assembly and consumables. That is, considering the preset cost constraint condition, it is necessary to control the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of the first loads 101 to be less than the second threshold to reduce costs such as assembly and consumables.

[0064] In addition, in some embodiments, the bus can be an SPI bus. As a high - speed full - duplex synchronous communication bus, the SPI bus can achieve high - speed data transmission. Of course, the bus can also be other types of buses, which are not specifically limited herein.

[0065] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 2A and the attached Figure 2B As shown, each power supply connector includes one or more power supply ports 106. The number of power supply ports 106 of the low - voltage distribution box 100 and the load - bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports 106 are determined according to the vehicle - level primary power load distribution requirements.

[0066] In addition, in some embodiments, clustering division is performed according to the number of the power supply ports 106 and the load - bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports 106. Based on the clustering division result and the principle of proximity, the number of power supply connectors 102, the number of power supply ports 106 in the power supply connectors 102, and the positions of the power supply connectors 102 are analyzed and determined.

[0067] Further, it can be understood that in some embodiments, each low - voltage distribution box 100 generally includes multiple power supply connectors 102, each power supply connector 102 includes one or more power supply ports 106, and generally, the power supply connectors 102 include multiple power supply ports 106. The electrical loads (such as the first load, the second load, etc.) are connected to the power supply ports one - to - one.

[0068] When designing the low-voltage distribution box 100, it is first necessary to determine the number of power supply ports 106 corresponding to the low-voltage distribution box 100 and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports 106. The number of power supply ports 106 of the low-voltage distribution box 100 and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports 106 are determined according to the load distribution requirements of the vehicle's primary power supply. The load distribution requirements of the vehicle's primary power supply provide the number information of the primary power loads to be distributed and connected to the low-voltage distribution box 100, as well as load parameter information such as rated power consumption, rated current, and rated voltage.

[0069] Furthermore, in some embodiments, it is also necessary to perform clustering and partitioning on the number of power supply ports 106 and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports 106. For example, the power supply ports 106 are partitioned according to the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports 106. After that, according to the clustering and partitioning results, the number of power supply connectors 102, the number of power supply ports 106 in the power supply connectors 102, and the positions of the power supply connectors 102 are determined using the principle of proximity. The principle of proximity at least includes: any two power supply ports 106 with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path in the low-voltage distribution box 100 are located in the same power supply connector 102 and / or adjacent power supply connectors 102. For example, the power supply ports 106 with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path are partitioned into the same power supply connector 102.

[0070] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the number of power supply connectors 102 in a low-voltage distribution box 100 and the number of power supply ports 106 in the power supply connectors 102 generally do not exceed the corresponding preset thresholds to facilitate subsequent installation operations. This is recorded as the first constraint condition. The position of the power supply connector 102 can be determined according to the orientation of the low-voltage distribution box 100 and the orientation of the primary power loads connected to the low-voltage distribution box 100 to minimize the wiring harness cost of the primary power loads as much as possible. This is recorded as the second constraint condition. According to the above first constraint condition and second constraint condition, a preset optimization model is used to solve and optimize the appropriate number of power supply connectors 102, the number of power supply ports 106 in the power supply connectors 102, and the positions of the power supply connectors 102, and then a suitable solution for the number of power supply connectors 102, the number of power supply ports 106 in the power supply connectors 102, and the positions of the power supply connectors 102 can be obtained quickly.

[0071] In addition, in some embodiments, the power supply ports 106 with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path can be preferentially partitioned into the same power supply connector 102. In the case where the power supply ports 106 with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path cannot all be partitioned into the same power supply connector 102, the remaining power supply ports 106 with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path are then partitioned into adjacent power supply connectors 102.

[0072] Refer to the appendix Figure 2CSchematic diagram of the structure of the low-voltage distribution box 100 shown, where X1 is the battery power supply input port, connected to the battery, X2 is the jump-start port, X11 is the DCDC power supply input port, connected to the DCDC, X12 is the IDU communication control connector, used to realize the communication between the low-voltage distribution box 100 and the external (such as the vehicle-end controller), and X3 to X10 are power supply connectors. X3 to X5 are adjacent and each includes 3 ports for supplying power to the load (i.e., 3 power supply ports 106), and their hardware path load-bearing capacities are the same. X6, X7, X8-7, and X8-8 are adjacent and the hardware path load-bearing capacities of the corresponding power supply ports 106 are the same. Each of the power supply ports 106 in X8-1 to X8-6 belongs to the same power supply connector and the hardware path load-bearing capacities of the corresponding power supply ports 106 are the same. X9 and X10 are adjacent and the hardware path load-bearing capacities of the corresponding power supply ports 106 are the same, so that the power supply ports 106 with the same hardware path load-bearing capacity are arranged in the low-voltage distributor according to the principle of proximity, facilitating subsequent distribution connection and reducing the operation complexity.

[0073] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the appendix Figure 2D shown, the power supply ports 106 of the power supply connector 102 in each low-voltage distribution box can be set in the form of an integrated port 107 with the bus port 105, so that when the electrical load (such as including the first load and / or the second load, etc.) is connected to the corresponding power supply port 106, the connection between the load and the corresponding bus port 105 is realized to communicate with the preset numbered bus. It can be understood that in some embodiments, referring to the appendix Figure 2C shown in the power supply connectors X3 to X10, the ports in the power supply connectors X3 to X10 belong to the integrated port 107. When the electrical load is connected to the ports in the power supply connectors X3 to X10, the connection with the power supply port 106 and the bus port 105 is realized simultaneously.

[0074] And, in some embodiments, it is also possible to realize the control of the opening and closing of the power supply loop where the electrical load is located through the bus port 105 corresponding to the electrical load under the control of the internal communication bus unit 103.

[0075] In addition, it should be noted that on the premise that the type and electrical / protocol compatibility of the electrical load permit, the electrical load can be connected to different bus ports 105 of the internal communication bus unit 103 in a direct or indirect connection manner, which is not limited herein, so as to realize that for the same type of first load 104, each first load 101 corresponds to a different bus port 105 of the internal communication bus unit 103, and each first load 101 communicates through different numbered buses.

[0076] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 3 , the low-voltage distribution box 100 is further configured to supply power to a plurality of second loads, and the safety level of the first load 101 exceeds that of the second load 301.

[0077] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the first load 101 and the second load 301 may be provided with a high-side driver (HSD) or an electronic fuse (EFUSE), which is not limited herein.

[0078] It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the first load 101 has a higher requirement for safety, that is, a "safe load", while the second load 301 has a relatively lower requirement for safety, that is, a "general load". Therefore, when supplying low-voltage power, the cross-allocation requirements of the first load 101, especially the first load 104 of the same type, on the power supply connector 102 and different bus numbers are preferentially satisfied. That is, after the preset connection requirements of the first load 104 of the same type are satisfied, the second load 301 of the same type is allocated and connected according to the remaining available power supply connectors 102 and the distribution of the power supply ports 106 in the power supply connector 102, so that the ratio of the second load 301 that meets the preset connection requirements to the total number of the second load 301 of the same type is maximized; wherein, the preset connection requirements of the second load include: for the second load 301 of the same type, each second load 301 is connected to a different power supply connector 102, and the bus port 105 corresponding to each second load 301 is connected to the internal communication bus unit 103, so that each second load 301 communicates through different numbered buses, thereby avoiding the situation that all the second load 301 of the same type connected to the abnormal numbered bus are abnormal when a certain numbered bus is abnormal, so as to fully ensure the power supply safety of the second load 301, especially the second load 301 of the same type. And through such a cross-allocation mechanism, a variety of feasible cross-allocation connection methods can be provided for the current low-voltage distribution box 100, so as to flexibly select a suitable cross-allocation connection method according to actual needs.

[0079] Further, in some embodiments, if the current low-voltage distribution box 100 cannot meet the preset connection requirements of all first loads 104 and second loads 301 of the same type, the preset connection requirements of the first loads 104 of the same type are preferentially met, and then the preset connection requirements of the second loads 301 of the same type are met. If the preset connection requirements of the second loads 301 of the same type cannot be fully met, at least the second loads 301 of the same type need to be connected to different power supply ports 106 at this time. Further, in some embodiments, if the number of current power supply ports 106 is difficult to meet the load demand, a low-voltage secondary power distribution and harness distribution scheme can also be adopted. Without modifying the power supply ports 106, the power supply ports 106 are connected to new connectors, and multiple loads are connected to the new connectors to achieve indirect connection to the same power supply port 106. In order to ensure power supply safety, all first loads 101 of the same type and all second loads 301 of the same type should be connected to different power supply ports 106 at this time.

[0080] Further, in some embodiments, it further includes: a first load 101 of a single type, and / or, a second load of a single type. It can be understood that the first load 101 of a single type is the first load 101 with only one quantity of a certain type in the whole vehicle, and the first load 101 of a single type does not have the first loads 104 of the same type. Similarly, the second load of a single type is the second load with only one quantity of a certain type in the whole vehicle. For example, the first loads 104 of the same type can be the electronic stability program distributed on the left body of the whole vehicle and the electronic stability program distributed on the right body of the whole vehicle, the first load 101 of a single type can be an electric wiper, the second loads of the same type can be the blowers distributed on the left body of the whole vehicle and the blowers distributed on the right body of the whole vehicle, and the second load of a single type can be a medium cold water pump.

[0081] After meeting the preset connection requirements of the second loads of the same type, it further includes: allocating and connecting the first load 101 of a single type and / or the second load of a single type according to the power supply capacity of the remaining available power supply ports 106 and the power consumption requirements of the primary power loads, so that the power supply capacity of the remaining available power supply ports 106 can meet the load parameter requirements of the first load 101 of a single type and / or the second load of a single type on the premise of improving power supply safety.

[0082] After meeting the preset connection requirements of the second load of the same type, it further includes: allocating and connecting the first load 101 of a single type according to the distribution of the remaining available power supply connectors 102 and power supply ports 106, and the first load 101 of a single type is evenly distributed corresponding to the remaining available power supply connectors 102. Specifically, that is, evenly connecting the first load 101 of a single type to the remaining available power supply connectors 102. The strategy of even connection includes giving priority to uniform connection. In the case where uniform connection is not possible, a modulo operation is performed based on the first load 101 of a single type and the remaining available power supply connectors 102 to obtain a remainder, and the first load 101 of the remainder number is respectively connected to different remaining available power supply connectors 102, so as to improve the power supply safety of the first load 101 of a single type with relatively high safety requirements on the premise of ensuring the power supply safety of the first load 104 and the second load of the same type, and avoid the problem that a large number of the first load 101 of a single type also have abnormalities due to the abnormality of a certain power supply connector 102, so as to improve the safety level of the vehicle's low-voltage primary power supply as much as possible.

[0083] Further, in some embodiments, the bus port 105 corresponding to each first load 101 of a single type is connected to the internal communication bus unit 103. In order to further improve the safety of the first load 101 of a single type with relatively high safety requirements, the bus number corresponding to the first load 101 of a single type can also be configured so that the first load 101 of a single type is evenly distributed corresponding to different numbered buses. That is, the first load 101 of a single type is evenly configured on different numbered buses. The strategy of even configuration includes giving priority to uniform configuration. In the case where uniform configuration is not possible, a modulo operation is performed based on the first load 101 of a single type and the number of bus numbers to obtain a remainder, and the first load 101 of the remainder number is respectively configured to different numbered buses for communication, avoiding the problem that a large number of the first load 101 of a single type also have abnormalities due to the abnormality of a certain numbered bus, so as to improve the safety level of the vehicle's low-voltage primary power supply as much as possible.

[0084] Further, in some embodiments, multiple loads in the first load 101 adopt master-slave backup or dual redundant backup to improve the functional safety of the vehicle.

[0085] In a typical embodiment, to further improve the power supply safety of the whole vehicle, the electric vehicle power distribution system includes a plurality of low-voltage distribution boxes 100, so that each load port where the same type of first load 104 is located corresponds to different power supply connectors 102 and different buses in the low-voltage distribution box 100, and is also distributed in different low-voltage distribution boxes 100, or is distributed in different low-voltage distribution boxes 100 as much as possible, or is evenly distributed in all low-voltage distribution boxes 100. In fact, for cost considerations, the number of low-voltage distribution boxes 100 usually does not exceed the corresponding preset threshold.

[0086] In a typical embodiment, the number of low-voltage distribution boxes 100 can be two, and the two low-voltage distribution boxes 100 can exactly correspond to the left body and the right body of the whole vehicle. At the same time, the same type of first load and second load usually have the characteristic of being evenly distributed on the left body and the right body, that is, the two low-voltage distribution boxes 100 can not only fully ensure the power supply safety, but also match the distribution characteristics of the same type of first load and second load in the whole vehicle.

[0087] Taking the low-voltage primary power supply system composed of two low-voltage distribution boxes 100 as an example below, the power supply situation of the primary power load of the whole vehicle will be described.

[0088] Refer to Appendix Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the schematic diagram of the architecture of the low-voltage primary power supply system composed of two low-voltage distribution boxes 100, the whole vehicle can be models such as pure electric and range-extended, which is not limited in this specification. The whole vehicle uses two low-voltage distribution boxes 100, namely the left body low-voltage distribution box IDU1 and the right body low-voltage distribution box IDU2, to form the corresponding low-voltage primary power supply system 402 to supply power to the first load and the second load 401. And, where DC / DC is a direct current to direct current converter, BAT is a storage battery, Connector represents the IDU communication control connector, LOAD is a load, the load numbers corresponding to each IDU are 1-27 respectively, representing that each IDU can support up to 27 loads at most, KL87 is the power supply start signal for the engine EMS-related load (excluding the fuel pump), BUS is a bus, VIU0 is a domain controller, KL15 is the vehicle high-voltage power-on working signal, CRASH is a collision hard wire signal, KL89 is the ignition start signal for the engine fuel pump, and Switch is the IDU device power supply switch control unit.

[0089] Furthermore, the power supply connectors 102, power supply ports 106 and the number of buses of the left body low-voltage distribution box IDU1 and the right body low-voltage distribution box IDU2 are the same, which is convenient for production and installation work.

[0090] And, it should be noted that Figure 4 and Figure 5The shown low-voltage primary power supply system 402 is usually connected to multiple first loads and second loads 401. In actual situations, the quantity and types of the first loads and second loads 401 will vary with the actual scenarios.

[0091] Further, based on Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5 it can be known that at this time, each low-voltage distribution box 100 supports a maximum of 27 primary power load distributions in total, and the corresponding low-voltage primary power supply system supports a maximum of 54 primary power load distributions in total. Assuming that each low-voltage distribution box 100 has three buses with different numbers, namely: SPI A, SPI B, and SPI C, then each bus is responsible for an average of 9 software signal processes. Specifically, the load connection relationship and safety level of the left-body low-voltage distribution box IDU1 can be as shown in Table 1 below, and the load connection relationship and safety level of the right-body low-voltage distribution box IDU2 are as shown in Table 2 below.

[0092] Table 1 Load connection relationship of the left-body low-voltage distribution box

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Table 2 Load connection relationship of the right-body low-voltage distribution box

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Among them, it should be noted that X12 in Table 1 and Table 2 refers to the IDU communication control connector, which usually includes CANH and CANL pins for supporting CAN communication, power GND pins, and TXD and RXD pins for communicating with the MCU of the low-voltage distribution box 100, and is used to transmit vehicle-end input detection signals such as KL15, KL87, and CRASH to realize the communication between the external (such as vehicle-end controller) and the low-voltage distribution box 100. Also, the safety level of the first load 101 is ASIL B, and the safety level of the second load 301 has not been required for the time being. At this time, a single low-voltage distribution box meets the functional safety requirements of ASIL B, and the whole vehicle is equipped with two low-voltage distribution boxes, realizing the functional safety requirements of ASIL D for the whole vehicle. Moreover, multiple loads in the first load 101 adopt primary-secondary backup or dual redundancy backup, which can support the highest ASIL D-level functional safety requirements of the whole vehicle, thus fully ensuring the power supply safety of the whole vehicle.

[0099] Further, corresponding to Table 1 and Table 2 above, this specification also provides Table 3 to further illustrate the connection relationship between the first load and the second load in the low-voltage primary power supply system.

[0100] Table 3 Connection Relationship between the First Load and the Second Load in the Low-voltage Primary Power Supply System

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] In Table 3, the first load 101 corresponding to the bold font is the same type of first load 101, the first load 101 corresponding to the non-bold font is a separate type of first load 101, the second load 301 corresponding to the bold font is the same type of second load 301, the second load 301 corresponding to the non-bold font is a separate type of second load 301, and it can be seen from Table 3 that the same type of first load 101 can be distributed on the left body and the right body respectively, and the same type of second load 301 can be distributed on the left body and the right body respectively.

[0104] It should be noted that although the operations of the method of the present invention are described in a specific order in the above embodiments and accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the above-mentioned electric vehicle power distribution system, some embodiments of this specification also provide an electric vehicle. In some embodiments, the electric vehicle is provided with the electric vehicle power distribution system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0106] This specification provides the method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, but based on routine or non-creative labor, it may include more or fewer operation steps. The step order listed in the embodiments is only one way among the execution orders of numerous steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual system or device product is executed, it can be executed in the method order shown in the embodiments or accompanying drawings or executed in parallel.

[0107] For the convenience of description, when describing the above device, it is divided into various units according to functions for separate description. Of course, when implementing this specification, the functions of each unit can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0108] It should be understood that in various embodiments herein, the sequence numbers of the above processes do not imply the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments herein.

[0109] It should also be understood that in the embodiments herein, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0110] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described according to functions in the above description. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this article.

[0111] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0112] In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and can also be in an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0113] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments herein.

[0114] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of this document may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0115] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution in this document, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of this document. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0116] Specific embodiments are used in this document to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of this document. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this document; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this document, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this document.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle power distribution system, characterized in that, Including: One or more low-voltage distribution boxes for powering a first load, each low-voltage distribution box including a plurality of power supply connectors and an internal communication bus unit; For the first load of the same type, its preset connection requirements include that each first load is connected to a different power supply connector, and each first load corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit, so that each first load communicates through buses with different numbers.

2. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that According to the preset cross-allocation constraint conditions of the first load of the same type, control the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of first loads to be greater than a first threshold; according to the preset cost constraint conditions, control the ratio of the number of bus numbers to the number of first loads to be less than a second threshold.

3. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each power supply connector includes one or more power supply ports, and the number of power supply ports of the low-voltage distribution box and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports are determined according to the vehicle-level primary power load distribution requirements.

4. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Further including: Perform clustering division according to the number of power supply ports and the load-bearing capacity of the hardware path of the power supply ports, and analyze and determine the number of power supply connectors, the number of power supply ports in the power supply connectors, and the positions of the power supply connectors based on the clustering division results and the principle of proximity.

5. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 4, characterized in that The principle of proximity at least includes: Any two power supply ports with the same load-bearing capacity of the hardware path in the low-voltage distribution box are located in the same power supply connector and / or adjacent power supply connectors.

6. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein, Further including: The low-voltage distribution box is used to power a plurality of second loads, and the safety level of the first load exceeds the safety level of the second load.

7. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 6, wherein After meeting the preset connection requirements of the first load of the same type, allocate and connect the second load of the same type according to the remaining available power supply connectors and the distribution of the power supply ports in the power supply connectors, so as to maximize the ratio of the second load that meets the preset connection requirements to the total number of the second load of the same type; The preset connection requirements of the second load include: for the second load of the same type, each second load is connected to a different power supply connector, and each second load corresponds to a different bus port of the internal communication bus unit, so that each second load communicates through buses with different numbers.

8. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 7, characterized in that, After meeting the preset connection requirements of the second load of the same type, further including: Allocate and connect a single type of first load and / or a single type of second load according to the power supply capacity of the remaining available power supply ports and the power consumption requirements of the primary power load.

9. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 7, wherein After meeting the preset connection requirements of the second load of the same type, further including: Allocate and connect a single type of first load according to the remaining available power supply connectors and the distribution of the power supply ports, so that the single type of first load is evenly distributed corresponding to the remaining available power supply connectors.

10. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bus port corresponding to each single type of first load is connected to the internal communication bus unit, and the single type of first load is evenly distributed corresponding to buses with different numbers.

11. The electric vehicle power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple loads in the first load adopt main-secondary backup or dual-redundancy backup.

12. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle is provided with the electric vehicle power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-11 above.

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