The invention provides a road and building simulation modeling method based on real road surface data, the method comprising the following steps: S10, establishing a road network simulation model by using aerial photograph images; S20, generating building simulation models along the road by aerial survey data, and matching the building simulation models with the road network simulation models; S30, importing the digital elevation model data, so that the simulation model of the road network and the building conforms to the digital elevation model, and simulating the undulation condition of thereal pavement; S40, optimizing the overall appearance ratio of the model with reference to the real image to obtain the final model. According to the idea that the model attribute information groupware is modeled and matched with the space, by means of multi-source data fusion, the road model and the building model along the road are combined and matched with reference to the actual pavement, so that the model can show more details of the pavement, can restore the shape of the real street scene, undulation and other details, and can be better used in driving perspective simulation and other application scenes.