A vertical heat-charcoal co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry wastes

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cogeneration furnace technology, and provides a vertical cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste. The furnace body includes a carbonization chamber, and two sliding discharge gates are installed at the discharge port. These gates control the discharge of charcoal from the discharge port. One gate, when slid, discharges the charcoal from the carbonization chamber to a cooling zone, while the other gate discharges it from the cooling zone. Through this design, a cooling zone is formed between the two sliding gates at the discharge port. When the charcoal is discharged in stages, air is prevented from entering the carbonization chamber to maintain an anaerobic environment, and waste heat from charcoal cooling is recovered. Furthermore, carbonization and cooling occur simultaneously, improving efficiency and achieving cogeneration. This furnace type can also collect pyrolysis gas, separating it into wood gas (carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc.), which is a flammable gas. This gas is pressurized by a blower and transported to heat-using equipment such as boilers, drying ovens, and thermal oil heaters, achieving cogeneration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of cogeneration furnace technology, specifically, to a vertical cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, agricultural and forestry wastes, such as straw and sawdust, often face problems such as environmental pollution from burning and space occupation due to a lack of efficient conversion and utilization technologies. Traditional treatment methods not only waste resources but also make it difficult to achieve resource utilization of waste. For example, traditional carbonization equipment consists of a furnace body, a heating system (such as oxygen or gas heating), a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a gas collection device. In the process of treating agricultural and forestry waste, under the condition of isolating or restricting oxygen supply, the agricultural and forestry waste is heated and goes through the drying stage, pyrolysis stage, and carbonization stage in sequence. After the carbonization reaction is completed, the furnace body is cooled, the discharge outlet is opened to take out the charcoal, and the residual tar and gas are treated at the same time. However, the pyrolysis wood gas is not rationally utilized, and no heat energy is output to the outside.

[0003] The aforementioned traditional carbonization equipment suffers from problems such as heat waste and uneven heating of materials during the carbonization process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a carbonization device that can achieve synergistic heat and carbon production and improve resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, embodiments of the present invention provide a vertical heat-carbon cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, which solves the technical problems of uneven heating of agricultural and forestry waste in traditional carbonization equipment and the inability to achieve synergistic production of heat and carbon in related technologies.

[0005] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, comprising:

[0006] The furnace body has a carbonization chamber and a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a heat recovery outlet connected to the carbonization chamber. Two discharge gates are slidably arranged at an upper and lower interval at the discharge outlet. The discharge gates are used to control the discharge of charcoal from the discharge outlet. A cooling zone is formed between the two discharge gates. When the upper discharge gate is slid open, it can discharge charcoal from the carbonization chamber to the cooling zone. When the lower discharge gate is slid open, it can discharge charcoal from the cooling zone to the furnace body.

[0007] Several heating gas supply pipes are inserted into the furnace body and arranged at intervals.

[0008] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-carbon cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste. The furnace body is arranged vertically, with the feed inlet at the top and the discharge outlet at the bottom. A plurality of heating gas supply pipes are arranged sequentially from top to bottom at intervals. Each heating gas supply pipe has a gas supply port communicating with the carbonization chamber and is equipped with a protective cover. The protective cover is located above the gas supply port and is used to protect the gas supply port and prevent blockage.

[0009] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein there are two heating gas supply pipes, and the protective cover is conical and capable of dispersing waste, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal section of the protective cover gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0010] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein the volume of the upper protective cover is smaller than the volume of the lower protective cover, so as to disperse the waste layer by layer.

[0011] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-carbon cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein the carbonization chamber includes a preheating feed chamber, a carbonization intermediate chamber and a discharge chamber connected sequentially from top to bottom, the preheating feed chamber is connected to the feed inlet and the heat recovery port, the heating gas supply pipe is located in the carbonization intermediate chamber, and the discharge chamber is connected to the discharge port.

[0012] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein the heating gas supply pipe includes:

[0013] Gas supply ring pipe, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body;

[0014] A plurality of air outlet pipes are provided inside the air supply ring pipe and arranged circumferentially. Each air outlet pipe has an air supply port at the end away from the air supply ring pipe, and each air outlet pipe passes through the protective cover and can support the protective cover.

[0015] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-carbon cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein the furnace body includes an above-ground shell and an underground shell that are detachably connected, the above-ground shell having the preheating feed chamber and the carbonization intermediate chamber, and the underground shell having the discharge chamber.

[0016] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal section of the underground shell gradually decreases from top to bottom, the inner wall of the top of the underground shell and the outer wall of the bottom of the above-ground shell slide in a vertical manner, a fixing groove is provided on the inner wall of the top of the underground shell, and a fixing block is provided on the bottom of the above-ground shell in a vertical manner. The fixing block is configured to be able to be inserted into the fixing groove after being lowered, so as to fix the above-ground shell and the underground shell in a fixed connection.

[0017] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein a support ring is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the above-ground shell, and an annular support groove is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the underground shell for the support ring to move up and down, and further includes:

[0018] An elastic element, the two ends of which act on the support ring and the underground shell respectively, is located in the annular support groove, and the elastic element is located below the support ring;

[0019] Wherein, after the fixing block is disengaged from the fixing groove, the elastic element facilitates the relative shaking of the above-ground shell and the underground shell, so as to make the charcoal more compact.

[0020] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, wherein two discharge gates slide horizontally and are arranged vertically at intervals, a cover plate is detachably provided at the feed inlet, and a heat recovery pipe is provided at the heat recovery inlet.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] First, several heating gas supply pipes are inserted into the furnace body and arranged at intervals, which can provide heating gas to the carbonization chamber from different heights and positions. This multi-directional and multi-level gas supply method allows the heat to be distributed more evenly in the carbonization chamber, ensuring that the agricultural and forestry waste is heated more evenly during the carbonization process.

[0023] Secondly, to achieve synergistic heat and char production, a heat recovery port connected to the carbonization chamber is installed on the furnace body. This port allows for the timely recovery and utilization of high-temperature flue gas (heat) generated during the carbonization process. Specifically, an external fan can be connected to the heat recovery port to supply heat to boilers, drying ovens, or thermal oil heaters, suitable for both residential and industrial use. Simultaneously, it can preheat uncarbonized waste, improving heat utilization and preventing waste. Furthermore, two discharge gates control the orderly discharge of the formed charcoal through sliding. By opening the gates in stages, air is prevented from entering the carbonization chamber during charcoal discharge, ensuring an anaerobic environment. The cooling zone can also recover waste heat from the charcoal, further improving heat utilization. Specifically, when the charcoal exits the carbonization chamber… When the charcoal is discharged from the chamber to the cooling zone, it cools the charcoal, facilitating subsequent discharge and processing. Furthermore, the heat carried by the charcoal during cooling is recovered and utilized, further improving heat utilization. Simultaneously, the cooling zone does not interfere with the ongoing carbonization reaction inside the carbonization chamber, allowing carbonization and cooling to occur simultaneously, thus improving production efficiency and achieving synergistic production of heat and charcoal. This furnace type can also collect pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis of biomass materials and separate wood gas from it. The main components of wood gas are carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane, which are flammable gases. This gas is pressurized by a blower and transported to heat-using equipment such as boilers, drying ovens, and thermal oil furnaces, achieving co-production of heat and charcoal. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A sectional view;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heating gas supply pipe in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the assembly of the above-ground shell and the underground shell in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The embodiment shows the state changes of the aboveground and underground crust;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Exploded view;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 101. Carbonization chamber; 1011. Preheating feed chamber; 1012. Carbonization intermediate chamber; 1013. Discharge chamber; 102. Feed inlet; 103. Discharge outlet; 104. Heat recovery outlet; 105. Above-ground shell; 1051. Fixing block; 106. Underground shell; 1061. Fixing groove; 2. Discharge gate; 201. Cooling zone; 3. Heating gas supply pipe; 301. Gas supply port; 302. Gas supply ring pipe; 303. Gas outlet pipe; 4. Protective cover; 5. Support ring; 6. Annular support groove; 7. Elastic element; 8. Cover plate; 9. Heat recovery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0036] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the disclosure; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0037] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention illustrates a vertical heat-carbon cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste in one embodiment. The furnace body 1 has a vertical structure, and the internal carbonization chamber 101 provides a closed space for the carbonization of agricultural and forestry waste. The top feed port 102 can be used to feed raw materials such as straw and sawdust into it, while the bottom discharge port 103 is responsible for discharging the charcoal produced after carbonization, which can be automatically collected by its own weight. The heat recovery port 104 can collect the waste heat generated during the carbonization process, such as high-temperature flue gas, for preheating the waste, or directly recover the waste heat to solve the problem of heat waste in traditional equipment.

[0042] Among them, the two sliding discharge gates 2 at the discharge port 103 are the key to solving the co-production of heat and carbon. The cooling zone 201 between the two allows the high-temperature charcoal after carbonization to cool down first, avoiding heat loss and burn risk caused by direct discharge. It can also utilize residual heat. In specific operation: first slide the upper discharge gate 2, at which time the lower discharge gate 2 is in the closed state. The charcoal in the carbonization chamber 101 falls into the cooling zone 201. Then close the upper discharge gate 2 and wait for the sawdust in the cooling zone 201 to cool down (or after the residual heat is recovered) before opening the lower discharge gate 2 to discharge the charcoal. The whole process does not require waiting for the furnace body 1 to cool down. Carbonization can be carried out normally, which shortens the production cycle, recovers the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, solves the problems of traditional carbonization equipment, and realizes efficient co-production of heat and carbon.

[0043] Furthermore, to simultaneously address the issue of uneven heating within the furnace body 1, several heating gas supply pipes 3 are inserted into the furnace body 1 and arranged at intervals. This allows heating media such as gas or oxygen to be evenly introduced into different locations within the carbonization chamber 101, resulting in more uniform heat coverage of the material. This ensures that straw, sawdust, and other materials are heated consistently during the drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization stages, thereby improving carbonization quality and resource conversion efficiency.

[0044] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, part of the furnace body is located below ground level. From the perspective of heat utilization, the ground can play a good role in heat insulation, reducing the loss of heat from the furnace body to the surrounding environment, reducing the energy consumption for maintaining the carbonization temperature in the carbonization chamber 101, and helping to improve thermal efficiency. From the perspective of space and operation, the height of the furnace body above ground is reduced, which facilitates feeding at the feed inlet 102 and maintenance of the furnace body, saves ground space, optimizes the factory layout, and the ground can block and absorb operating noise.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the carbonization chamber 101 is subdivided into a preheating feed chamber 1011, a carbonization intermediate chamber 1012, and a discharge chamber 1013 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The preheating feed chamber 1011 is connected to the top feed inlet 102 and the top heat recovery inlet 104. The heating gas supply pipe 3 is located in the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012. The discharge chamber 1013 is connected to the bottom discharge outlet 103, thus constructing an efficient process partition for heat-carbon co-production. The preheating feed chamber 1011 is connected to the feed inlet 1012. 02 and heat recovery port 104 utilize the residual heat from carbonization to pre-dry and preheat raw materials such as straw, avoiding the problem of sudden heating of raw materials in traditional equipment; the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012 centrally arranges heating gas supply pipes 3, and through layered heating, accurately controls the temperature (400-600℃) of the pyrolysis and carbonization stages, ensuring the quality of charcoal and the output of pyrolysis gas; the discharge chamber 1013 is connected to the discharge port 103, allowing the high-temperature charcoal to cool slowly and transition, and can also use the residual heat to preheat subsequent waste materials.

[0046] Both the inlet 102 and the outlet 103 can be in the form of a normal rectangular opening to fulfill their function. To ensure the carbonization chamber 101 is relatively enclosed, not only is a discharge gate 2 installed at the outlet 103, but a detachable cover plate 8 is also needed at the inlet 102. However, to achieve sufficient heat recovery, such as... Figure 2 As shown, several heat recovery ports 104 can be opened around the perimeter, and external pipelines are connected to each heat recovery port 104 to collect and recover the heat from the flue gas.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the heating gas supply pipe 3 runs horizontally through the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012 from top to bottom in a three-dimensional distribution. The hot gas flow can be ejected from the gas supply port 301 at different heights, which solves the problem of uneven heating in traditional equipment. The gas supply port 301 can also be a long slit or a multi-hole shape to disperse the gas flow and avoid concentrated impact on waste.

[0048] In addition, a protective cover 4 is installed above the air supply port 301 to block falling waste during carbonization and prevent blockage. Furthermore, the protective cover 4 can be inverted V-shaped, umbrella-shaped, or frustum-shaped, covering the air supply port 301 directly above it and fixed to the air supply pipe. The edge extends to the outside to form a shielding space. When it is functioning normally to block and prevent blockage, the falling waste will be guided away by the cone surface to the surrounding areas, preventing it from accumulating in the center, so that the waste can be evenly dispersed to improve the carbonization effect.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be noted that there are at least two heating gas supply pipes 3, which are arranged vertically at intervals. If the protective covers 4 on each heating gas supply pipe 3 are of the same size, only the uppermost protective cover 4 will have a dispersion effect, which will greatly increase its burden and make it easy to be damaged. To solve this problem, the upper protective cover 4 is set to have a smaller volume than the lower protective cover 4, so that each protective cover 4 can play a waste dispersion role and improve the carbonization effect.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the heating gas supply pipe 3 is further divided into a gas supply ring pipe 302 and several gas outlet pipes 303. Structurally, the gas supply ring pipe 302 is fixed in a ring shape on the inner wall of the furnace body 1, which can uniformly receive the input of external heat sources (such as gas or hot air) and serve as the "main channel" for heat distribution to ensure a stable supply of heat medium. Several gas outlet pipes 303 are arranged along the inner circumference of the gas supply ring pipe 302, and the gas supply port 301 at the end of the pipe allows the hot gas flow to be ejected from different circumferential positions of the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012. Combined with the previous layered layout, a "three-dimensional + circumferential" double uniform heating network is constructed.

[0051] Meanwhile, the vent pipe 303 penetrates the protective cover 4 and provides support, allowing the protective cover 4 to stably cover the air supply port 301. In this way, the physical structure of the vent pipe 303 enhances the installation stability of the protective cover 4, preventing it from shifting due to material impact and thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, the circumferentially arranged vent pipes 303 allow the protective cover 4 to more evenly intercept straw fragments, tar vapors, etc. falling into the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012, thus protecting the air supply port 301 from blockage from all directions.

[0052] like Figure 5As shown, the furnace body 1 includes an upper shell 105 and an lower shell 106 that are detachably connected. The upper shell 105 has a preheating feed chamber 1011 and a carbonization intermediate chamber 1012, while the lower shell 106 has a discharge chamber 1013. The upper shell 105 is responsible for "preheating + carbonization" and is prone to ash accumulation and coking. The lower shell 106 is responsible for "discharge + cooling" and is less prone to wear and coking. It is detachable to achieve "on-demand maintenance", solving the problems of difficult overall disassembly and high cost. It can also quickly handle maintenance failures and reduce downtime. The specific connection structure can be a flange + seal. The flange ensures strength and easy disassembly and assembly, while the ceramic fiber sealing gasket maintains the sealing of the carbonization chamber 101. This structure also allows for the separate replacement of the upper shell 105 to adapt to process adjustments, which helps the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry waste.

[0053] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the upper shell 105 and the lower shell 106 of the furnace body 1 are detachably connected. Specifically, the inner wall of the top end of the lower shell 105 and the outer wall of the bottom end of the upper shell 105 are vertically slidably fitted together. That is, the top end of the lower shell 106 is fitted onto the bottom end of the upper shell 105, and a fixing groove 1061 is opened on the inner wall of the top end of the lower shell 106. A vertically slidable fixing block 1051 is provided at the bottom end of the upper shell 105. After the fixing block 1051 is lowered, it can be inserted into the fixing groove 1061 to achieve a fixed connection between the two. When the fixed connection between the two is removed, that is, after the fixing block 1051 is raised, the upper shell 105 and the lower shell 106 can be quickly separated.

[0054] In addition, the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal section of the underground shell 106 gradually decreases from top to bottom. From the perspective of structural stability, this design is compatible with the installation method of burying the underground shell 106 underground. The cross-sectional shape of the underground shell 106, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, makes the underground shell 106 resemble an "inverted frustum". When buried underground, it can form natural support with the help of the lateral pressure of the soil, which enhances the stability of the overall structure. In terms of material discharge, the tapered cross-section can guide the carbonized charcoal to slide naturally in the discharge chamber 1013. With the sliding operation of the discharge gate 2, the accumulation and blockage of charcoal in the discharge chamber 1013 can be reduced.

[0055] Furthermore, based on the detachable structure, to ensure that the carbonized charcoal is more compact in the discharge chamber 1013, making the charcoal discharge more stable and reducing discharge obstruction caused by looseness, and the more compact charcoal can also be better processed for subsequent storage or transportation, a support ring 5 is integrally formed or welded to the outer wall of the bottom end of the ground shell 105, and an annular support groove 6 is opened on the inner wall of the top end of the underground shell 106 for the support ring 5 to rise and fall. An elastic element 7 is set in the annular support groove 6 below the support ring 5, which allows the ground shell 105 and the underground shell 106 to sway relative to each other under the action of external force after being separated. After the elastic element 7 loses the constraint of the fixing block 1051, because the two ends of the elastic element 7 act on the support ring 5 and the underground shell 106 respectively, and an external force acts on the ground shell 105, the two can sway relative to each other, effectively eliminating the gaps in the charcoal accumulation.

[0056] In addition, the fixing block 5 located in the annular support groove 6 will not affect the disassembly relationship between the above-ground shell 105 and the underground shell 106. Correspondingly, the structure around the annular support groove 6 can be changed to be composed of multiple parts instead of a single piece.

[0057] The specific working principle is as follows: Agricultural and forestry waste is fed into the feed inlet 102. When it passes through the preheated feed chamber 1011, it absorbs the heat conducted by the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012 and the high-temperature flue gas introduced by the heat recovery port 104 for drying and preheating. Then it falls into the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012. At this time, heating gas (such as air or gas) is introduced into the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012 through the heating gas supply pipe 3. Since the two sets of heating gas supply pipes 3 are arranged vertically at intervals and the gas outlet pipe 303 is distributed in a ring, heat can be delivered to the material layer from different heights and directions. Combined with the uniform dispersion effect of the protective cover 4 on the material, the waste in the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012 is heated evenly, solving the problem of uneven heating in traditional equipment. After the waste is carbonized, the material is discharged in stages by controlling the sliding of the discharge gate 2: first, the upper gate is opened so that the charcoal falls from the discharge chamber 1013 into the cooling area 201 between the two gates. After the upper gate is closed, the lower gate is opened to discharge the material out of the furnace. During this process, the heat recovery port 104 introduces the combustible gas generated by carbonization into the boiler for recycling through the heat recovery pipe 9, forming a cycle system of "carbonization heat generation - heat recovery - preheating material", realizing the synergistic production of heat and charcoal.

[0058] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, characterized in that, include: The furnace body (1) has a carbonization chamber (101) and a feed inlet (102), a discharge outlet (103) and a heat recovery outlet (104) connected to the carbonization chamber (101). Two discharge gates (2) are slidably arranged at the discharge outlet (103) with an upper and lower spacing. The discharge gates (2) are used to control the charcoal to be discharged from the discharge outlet (103). A cooling zone (201) is formed between the two discharge gates (2). When the upper discharge gate (2) is slid open, it can discharge the charcoal from the carbonization chamber (101) to the cooling zone (201). When the lower discharge gate (2) is slid open, it can discharge the charcoal from the cooling zone (201) to the furnace body (1). By collecting the pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry waste, the wood gas is separated. The main components of the wood gas are carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane. The gas is pressurized by a blower and transported to the heat-using equipment to achieve co-production of heat and carbon. The carbonization chamber (101) includes a preheating feed chamber (1011), a carbonization intermediate chamber (1012) and a discharge chamber (1013) connected from top to bottom. Several heating gas supply pipes (3) are inserted into the furnace body (1) and arranged at intervals; The furnace body (1) includes an upper shell (105) and an lower shell (106) that are detachably connected. The upper shell (105) has the preheating feed chamber (1011) and the carbonization intermediate chamber (1012), and the lower shell (106) has the discharge chamber (1013). The cross-sectional area of ​​the underground shell (106) gradually decreases from top to bottom. The inner wall of the top of the underground shell (106) and the outer wall of the bottom of the above-ground shell (105) slide vertically together. A fixing groove (1061) is provided on the inner wall of the top of the underground shell (106). A fixing block (1051) is provided on the bottom of the above-ground shell (105) sliding vertically. The fixing block (1051) is configured to be able to be inserted into the fixing groove (1061) after being lowered, so that the above-ground shell (105) and the underground shell (106) are fixedly connected. The outer wall of the bottom end of the above-ground shell (105) is fixedly provided with a support ring (5), and the inner wall of the top end of the underground shell (106) has an annular support groove (6) for the support ring (5) to rise and fall. The vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste also includes: The elastic element (7) has two ends acting on the support ring (5) and the underground shell (106) respectively, located in the annular support groove (6), and the elastic element (7) is located below the support ring (5); Wherein, after the fixing block (1051) disengages from the fixing groove (1061), the elastic element (7) facilitates the relative shaking of the above-ground shell (105) and the underground shell (106) to make the charcoal more compact.

2. A vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is arranged vertically. The furnace body (1) has the feed inlet (102) at the top and the discharge outlet (103) at the bottom. Several heating gas supply pipes (3) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Each heating gas supply pipe (3) has a gas supply port (301) communicating with the carbonization chamber (101) and is equipped with a protective cover (4). The protective cover (4) is located above the gas supply port (301) and is used to protect the gas supply port (301) to avoid blockage.

3. A vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two heating gas supply pipes (3), and the protective cover (4) is conical and can disperse waste. The cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal section of the protective cover (4) gradually increases from top to bottom.

4. A vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper protective cover (4) has a smaller volume than the lower protective cover (4) to disperse waste layer by layer.

5. A vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The preheating feed chamber (1011) is connected to the feed port (102) and the heat recovery port (104), the heating gas supply pipe (3) is located in the carbonization intermediate chamber (1012), and the discharge chamber (1013) is connected to the discharge port (103).

6. A vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating gas supply pipe (3) includes: Gas supply ring pipe (302), the gas supply ring pipe (302) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (1); A plurality of air outlet pipes (303) are provided inside the air supply ring pipe (302) and arranged in a circle. Each air outlet pipe (303) has an air supply port (301) at the end away from the air supply ring pipe (302), and each air outlet pipe (303) passes through the protective cover (4) and can support the protective cover (4).

7. A vertical heat-coal cogeneration furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both discharge gates (2) slide horizontally and are arranged vertically at intervals. The feed inlet (102) is detachably provided with a cover plate (8), and the heat recovery inlet (104) is provided with a heat recovery pipe (9).

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