Supporting column dismantling method
By digging wedge grooves at the bottom of the support column and using a winch to control the pouring rate, combined with ventilation and spraying devices, the problems of low efficiency of support column removal and dust pollution are solved, and an efficient and safe support column removal process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510499392.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing support column removal methods are labor-intensive and inefficient, and have poor ventilation effect in deep foundation pit projects, resulting in dust polluting the environment and endangering workers' health.
A pulley set and ventilation device are installed on the structural floor, a winch is installed on the ground, a wedge groove is drilled at the bottom and an anti-tilt wedge block is installed. The winch is used to control the pouring rate of the support column, and at the same time, ventilation devices and spray devices are used to reduce dust during the removal process.
It improves the efficiency of supporting column removal, reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves the ventilation effect of construction sites, avoids dust pollution, and protects workers' health.
Smart Images
Figure CN120367428A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and particularly to a method for removing a support column. Background Art
[0002] Support columns are generally used in the construction of deep foundation pit projects, which play a role in temporarily supporting the underground engineering structure. Generally, they are removed after the construction of the underground engineering structure is completed. Their removal is restricted by space. Generally, a whole support column is chiseled from top to bottom by a manual hand-held breaker or a crawler breaker. The manual labor intensity is high, and the removal method is inefficient. In addition, when the crawler breaker works, it needs to occupy a large construction space, is easily restricted by space, and cannot operate flexibly, resulting in the inability to complete the removal of some support columns, with low removal efficiency and affecting the construction progress. In addition, during the removal of the support column, due to the construction of the deep foundation pit project, the ventilation effect in the building is poor, which is easy to generate dust and pollute the environment. At the same time, workers are in the dust environment for a long time, seriously endangering the physical health of workers. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for removing a support column, which improves the removal efficiency of the support column, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and at the same time, improves the ventilation effect during the removal of the support column and avoids the occurrence of dust.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for removing a support column, including the following steps: S100. Set up a pulley block and a ventilation device on the structural floor, and set up a winch on the ground. The pulley block and the winch are arranged on the same side of the support column. A rope is provided at the output end of the winch, and the free end of the rope is fixedly connected to the pulley block and the support column around; S200. Cut a wedge-shaped groove along a first direction at the connection between the bottom of the support column and the ground, and set an anti-tipping wedge block in the wedge-shaped groove. The wedge-shaped groove and the winch are respectively located on both sides of the support column; S300. Chisel the top of the support column to separate the top of the support column from the connected structural floor; S400. Start the winch, take out the anti-tipping wedge block, and the support column tilts in the direction of the wedge-shaped groove. The winch controls the tilting rate of the support column through the rope.
[0005] Furthermore, the ventilation device includes a fan, a main duct, ventilation ducts, multiple corrugated hoses, and a filter screen. The main duct is fixed to the bottom surface of the structural floor slab. One end of the fan is connected to the ventilation duct. One end of the ventilation duct is detachably connected to the structural floor slab, and the other end extends above the ground. The other end of the fan is connected to the main duct. The other end of the main duct is connected to multiple corrugated hoses. The other end of the corrugated hose is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to the filter screen. The air inlet is arranged facing the support column.
[0006] Furthermore, step S100 further includes: arranging a spraying device on the structural floor slab, and the nozzles of the spraying device are arranged around the circumference of the support column.
[0007] Furthermore, between step S100 and step S200, there is also included: S110. Lay a protection board on the ground. The laying area of the protection board is S, and the length of the support column in the vertical direction is H, satisfying S > 1 / 2(ΠH 2 ).
[0008] Furthermore, in step S200: the maximum length of the wedge-shaped groove in the vertical direction is h, satisfying h:H = (1:15) - (1:10).
[0009] Furthermore, in step S200: the length of the support column in the first direction is L, and the length of the wedge-shaped groove in the first direction is m, satisfying m = 0.5L.
[0010] Furthermore, in step S100: expansion screws are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the support column, and the free end of the rope is wound around the expansion screws and then fixed by a knot after surrounding the support column.
[0011] Furthermore, there is also included: S500. Arrange a transfer cart on the toppling path of the support column, and place the support column on the transfer cart after it has completely toppled.
[0012] Furthermore, between step S200 and step S300, there is also included: S210. Set inclined braces around the circumference of the support column. One end of the inclined brace is fixed to the ground, and the other end is fixed to the support column.
[0013] Further, the step S400 further includes: a control device and a pushing component. The pushing component is installed on the ground. The output end of the pushing component is fixedly connected to the anti-tipping wedge. The movement direction of the output end of the pushing component is perpendicular to the first direction and in the same plane. The control device is electrically connected to the winch and the pushing component. By starting the winch through the control device, the pushing component drives the anti-tipping wedge to slide out of the wedge-shaped groove, and the support column tilts towards the direction of the wedge-shaped groove. By controlling the winch through the control device, the tilting rate of the support column is controlled through the rope.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of a method for removing a support column according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a wedge-shaped groove is formed by chiseling at the bottom of the support column, and an anti-tipping wedge is arranged in the wedge-shaped groove. Subsequently, the connection between the top of the support column and the structural floor slab is chiseled to completely separate the top of the support column from the structural floor slab. After the anti-tipping wedge is removed, the support column starts to tilt. The winch controls the tilting rate of the support column through the rope, so that the support column can be removed in one piece, without chiseling the entire support column from top to bottom. The construction process is not easily restricted by space, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. In addition, a ventilation device is arranged on the structural floor slab. When the support column is removed, the ventilation effect during the removal of the support column is improved, avoiding dust pollution to the environment. At the same time, the harm of dust to the physical health of workers is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 is a process diagram of removing a support column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a movement schematic diagram of the anti-tipping wedge according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is an installation schematic diagram of the ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] In the figure, 1, structural floor slab; 2, ground; 3, pulley block; 4, winch; 5, rope; 6, anti-tipping wedge; 7, spraying device; 8, transfer trolley; 9, diagonal brace; 10, pushing component; 11, ventilation device; 111, fan; 112, main pipe; 113, ventilation pipe; 114, corrugated pipe; 115, filter screen; 116, dust collection cover; a, support column; a1, wedge-shaped groove; X, first direction; Y, second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0017] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc. in the present invention is based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the devices and elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in the present invention to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.
[0020] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, a method for removing a support column in a preferred embodiment of the present invention can remove the entire support column a, improving the construction efficiency. For the convenience of description, refer to Figure 1 , define the width direction of the support column a as the first direction X. For the convenience of construction, the method for removing the support column a specifically includes the following steps: S100. Set a pulley block 3 and a ventilation device 11 on the structural floor 1, and set a winch 4 on the ground 2. The pulley block 3 and the winch 4 are arranged on the same side of the support column a. A rope 5 is provided at the output end of the winch 4, and the free end of the rope 5 is fixedly connected to the pulley block 3 and the support column a around it; S200. Cut a wedge-shaped groove a1 along the first direction X at the connection between the bottom of the support column a and the ground 2, and set an anti-tipping wedge 6 in the wedge-shaped groove a1. The wedge-shaped groove a1 and the winch 4 are respectively located on both sides of the support column a; S300. Chisel the top of the support column a to separate the top of the support column a from the connected structural floor 1; S400. Start the winch 4, take out the anti-tipping wedge 6, and the support column a tilts towards the direction of the wedge-shaped groove a1. The winch 4 controls the tilting rate of the support column a through the rope.
[0021] In the above steps, first set the winch 4 on the ground 2. The winch 4 is connected to the support part through the pulley block 3 and the rope 5 to prevent the support column a from tipping when constructing the bottom and top of the support column a in the subsequent steps.
[0022] Furthermore, during the construction processes of steps S200 and S300, it is necessary to chisel the support column a. During the chiseling process, a large amount of dust will be generated, causing dust pollution. Since the support column a is located in a deep foundation pit, the ventilation effect is poor, and the dust dissipation is slow, polluting the environment and posing a hazard to the workers in the deep foundation pit. Therefore, a ventilation device 11 is provided on the structural floor 1 to improve the ventilation effect during the removal of the support column a and remove dust to avoid dust pollution.
[0023] Specifically, the ventilation device 11 includes a fan 111, a main pipe 112, ventilation pipes 113, multiple corrugated pipes 114, and a filter screen 115. Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 . The main pipe 112 is fixed to the bottom surface of the structural floor 1. Generally, the main pipe 112 is assembled with the structural floor 1 through pipe hanging clamps (standard parts, which can be directly purchased). One end of the fan 111 is connected to the ventilation pipe 113, and the ventilation pipe 113 is detachably connected to the structural floor 1. The other end of the fan 111 is connected to the main pipe 112. The other end of the main pipe 112 is connected to multiple corrugated pipes 114. The other end of the corrugated pipe 114 is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to the filter screen 115, and the air inlet is arranged facing the support column a. When chiseling the support column a, the fan 111 is started, and the dust enters the main pipe 112 from the corrugated pipe 114 through the filter screen 115, and then is discharged above the ground through the ventilation pipe 113. The ventilation effect during the removal of the support column a is improved, and dust pollution during the removal of the support column a is avoided.
[0024] Among them, the ventilation pipe 113 can be detachably fixed to the structural floor 1 through pipe clamps. In this embodiment, the main pipe 112 adopts a 90° elbow. One end of it extends along the first direction X, and the other end extends vertically. Multiple corrugated pipes 114 are connected to the side wall of the main pipe 112 at the end extending vertically. Since the corrugated pipe 114 can be bent and contracted, it is convenient to adjust the air inlet direction of the dust and improve the dust removal effect. A filter screen 115 is arranged at the end of the corrugated pipe 114 to prevent larger particles from entering the ventilation device 11 and causing blockage inside the ventilation device 11. The interface between the corrugated pipe 114 and the main pipe 112 can be connected through a clamp. To support the corrugated pipe 114, a hanging ring (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the outer wall of the main pipe 112 at the end extending in the first direction X to support the corrugated pipe 114. At the same time, since the main pipe 112 at the end extending vertically is connected to multiple corrugated pipes 114, dust is likely to accumulate at the bottom of the main pipe 112 at the end extending vertically. To prevent excessive dust accumulation from blocking the corrugated pipe 114, a dust collecting cover 116 is provided at the bottom of the main pipe 112 at the end extending vertically. The dust collecting cover 116 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the main pipe 112, and the dust collecting cover can be disassembled to clean the accumulated dust.
[0025] To further reduce the dust generated during the removal of the support, step S100 further includes: arranging a spraying device 7 on the structural floor 1, and the nozzles of the spraying device 7 are arranged around the circumference of the support column a. Before and during the chiseling of the support column a, the top of the support column a can be sprayed to further reduce the dust.
[0026] Furthermore, when chiseling the top of the support column a, concrete blocks will fly, and at the same time, after the support column a is removed, it needs to be placed upside down on the ground 2. To avoid the concrete blocks and the support column a from damaging the ground 2 and to facilitate the subsequent cleaning of the ground 2, therefore, between step S100 and step S200, it further includes: S110. Lay a protective plate on the ground 2, and the laying area of the protective plate is S. The length of the support column a in the vertical direction is H, and it satisfies S>1 / 2(ΠH 2 ).
[0027] That is, during the laying process of the protective plate, it is necessary to ensure that the laying area S of the protective plate is larger than the circular area with the length H of the support column a as the radius, so as to protect the ground 2 within the range of the removal of the support column a, avoid damaging the ground 2, and at the same time, facilitate the cleaning of the ground 2.
[0028] In the present invention, due to the opening of the wedge-shaped groove a1, the center of gravity of the support column a changes. In order to make the support column a tilt in the direction of the opening of the wedge-shaped groove a1 after the anti-tipping wedge block 6 is removed, in step S200: the maximum length of the wedge-shaped groove a1 in the vertical direction is h, and it satisfies h:H=(1:15)-(1:10). If h:H is less than (1:15), the opening of the wedge-shaped groove a1 in the vertical direction is small. At this time, the overall support structure of the support column a is relatively stable, and a large external force needs to be applied to make the support column a tilt in the direction of the opening of the wedge-shaped groove a1, which is not conducive to the rapid removal of the support column a. If h:H is greater than (1:10), the opening of the wedge-shaped groove a1 in the vertical direction is too large, which is likely to increase the chiseling workload, and the overall stability of the support column a after chiseling is poor. Subsequently, when chiseling the top of the support column a, the support column a may not tilt in the preset tilting direction, which has a certain safety risk. At the same time, a larger anti-tipping wedge block needs to be set, which increases the removal cost.
[0029] Similarly, in step S200: the length of the support column a in the first direction X is L, and the length of the wedge-shaped groove a1 in the first direction X is m, and it satisfies m = 0.5L. Since it is necessary to ensure that the support column a tilts in the direction of the opening of the wedge-shaped groove a1, that is, the wedge-shaped groove a1 needs to have a certain chiseling depth in the first direction X. When the chiseling depth is equal to 0.5L, at this time, the construction requirements are met, and the construction safety can be ensured, and the removal cost can be reduced.
[0030] Further, in order to fixedly connect the rope 5 and the support column a, refer to Figure 1 , in step S100: an expansion screw (not shown in the figure) is provided on the circumferential side wall of the support column a, and the free end of the rope 5 is wound around the expansion screw and fixed by a knot after surrounding the support column a. In this way, it is possible to prevent the rope 5 from slipping after being connected to the support column a and disengaging from the top of the support column a, resulting in the inability to control the tilting rate of the support column a subsequently and causing safety risks.
[0031] Further, in order to facilitate transporting the entire demolished support column a out of the construction site, it further includes: S500, a transfer trolley 8 is provided on the tilting path of the support column a, refer to Figure 1 , after the support column a is completely tilted, it is placed on the transfer trolley 8. After the support column a is stably placed, it can be transported out of the construction site as a whole, improving the demolition efficiency.
[0032] Further, during the demolition process of the support column a, if the winch 4 fails and needs to be maintained, to ensure the construction safety during the chiseling of the support column a, between step S200 and step S300, it further includes: S210, a diagonal brace 9 is provided on the circumference of the support column a, one end of the diagonal brace 9 is fixed to the ground 2, and the other end is fixed to the support column a. By means of the diagonal brace 9, the support column a is prevented from tilting. After the winch 4 fails to be troubleshot, the diagonal brace 9 can be removed.
[0033] Further, in order to ensure the personal safety of construction workers and achieve automatic control during the tilting of the support column a, step S400 further includes: a control device (not shown in the figure) and a pushing component 10. Among them, the pushing component 10 is installed on the ground 2, and the output end of the pushing component 10 is fixedly connected to the anti-tilting wedge 6. The movement direction of the output end of the pushing component 10 (i.e., Figure 2 the second direction Y in) is perpendicular to the first direction X and is in the same plane. At the same time, the control device is electrically connected to the winch 4 and the pushing component 10. In this embodiment, the control device is selected as a PLC system, and the pushing component 10 can be selected as a stepping motor. After the above components are all installed, the construction workers evacuate the site, and then the winch 4 is remotely started through the control device. The pushing component 10 drives the anti-tilting wedge 6 to slide out of the wedge-shaped groove a1. At this time, the support column a tilts towards the direction of the wedge-shaped groove a1. The tilting rate of the support column a is controlled by controlling the winch 4 through the rope 5.
[0034] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a support column dismantling method, which has the beneficial effect of: a wedge-shaped groove a1 is formed by chiseling the bottom of the support column a, and an anti-dumping wedge block 6 is arranged in the wedge-shaped groove a1, and then the connection between the top of the support column a and the structural floor 1 is chiseled off to completely separate the top of the support column a from the structural floor 1, and the anti-dumping wedge block 6 is removed, and the support column a starts to dump, and the winch 4 controls the dumping rate of the support column a through the rope 5, so that the support column a can be dismantled in whole sections without chiseling the entire support column a from top to bottom. The construction process is not easily restricted by space, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for removing a support column, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S100. Set up a pulley block and a ventilation device on the structural floor slab, and set up a winch on the ground. The pulley block and the winch are arranged on the same side of the support column. A rope is provided at the output end of the winch, and the free end of the rope is fixedly connected around the pulley block and the support column; S200. Chisel a wedge-shaped groove along the first direction at the connection between the bottom of the support column and the ground, and set an anti-tipping wedge block in the wedge-shaped groove. The wedge-shaped groove and the winch are respectively located on both sides of the support column; S300. Chisel the top of the support column to separate the top of the support column from the connected structural floor slab; S400. Start the winch, take out the anti-tipping wedge block, and the support column topples in the direction of the wedge-shaped groove. The winch controls the toppling rate of the support column through the rope; 2. The method for removing the support column according to claim 1, wherein: The ventilation device includes a fan, a main pipe, a ventilation pipe, multiple corrugated pipes and a filter screen. The main pipe is fixed to the bottom surface of the structural floor slab. One end of the fan is connected to the ventilation pipe. One end of the ventilation pipe is detachably connected to the structural floor slab and the other end extends above the ground. The other end of the fan is connected to the main pipe. The other end of the main pipe is connected with multiple corrugated pipes. The other end of the corrugated pipe is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected with the filter screen. The air inlet is arranged towards the support column; 3. The method for removing the support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S100 further includes: setting up a spraying device on the structural floor slab, and the nozzles of the spraying device are arranged around the circumference of the support column; 4. The method for removing a support column according to claim 1, characterized in that Between the step S100 and the step S200, it further includes: S110. Lay a protective plate on the ground. The laying area of the protective plate is S, and the length of the support column in the vertical direction is H, satisfying S > 1 / 2(ΠH 2 ).
5. The method for removing the support column according to claim 4, wherein In the step S200: The maximum length of the wedge-shaped groove in the vertical direction is h, and it satisfies h:H=(1:15)-(1:10); 6. The method for removing the support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S200: The length of the support column in the first direction is L, and the length of the wedge-shaped groove in the first direction is m, and it satisfies m = 0.5L; 7. The method for removing the support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S100: Set expansion screws on the circumferential side wall of the support column, and the free end of the rope is wound around the expansion screws and fixed through a knot after surrounding the support column; 8. The method for removing the support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: S500. Set up a transfer trolley on the toppling path of the support column, and place the support column on the transfer trolley after it completely topples; 9. The method for removing a support column according to claim 1, wherein, Between the step S200 and the step S300, it further includes: S210. Set up diagonal braces on the circumference of the support column. One end of the diagonal brace is fixed to the ground and the other end is fixed to the support column.
10. The method for removing the support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S400 further includes: a control device and a pushing component. The pushing component is installed on the ground. The output end of the pushing component is fixedly connected to the anti-tipping wedge block. The movement direction of the output end of the pushing component is perpendicular to the first direction and in the same plane. The control device is electrically connected to the winch and the pushing component. By starting the winch through the control device, the pushing component drives the anti-tipping wedge block to slide out of the wedge-shaped groove, and the support column tilts towards the direction of the wedge-shaped groove. By controlling the winch through the control device, the tilting rate of the support column is further controlled through the rope.