Sand blasting and packing integrated fracturing device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a sand blasting and packing integrated fracturing device and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum fracturing. The sand blasting body is provided with sand blasting openings and a pressure guiding channel, the pressure guiding channel penetrates through the sand blasting body, fracturing fluid in the sand blasting body enters the sealing assembly through the pressure guiding channel, the sand blasting openings are located in the two sides of the sand blasting body, the sliding sleeves are located in the sand blasting body and connected with the sand blasting body through shear pins B, the sliding sleeves are used for shielding the sand blasting openings, and the sand blasting body is connected with the sealing assembly. The other end of the sealing assembly is connected with a lower connector which is internally provided with a sealing seat. The closure sealing body is composed of a closure nozzle and a sealing body, the closure nozzle and the sealing body are connected through a shear pin A, the closure nozzle can seal the interior of the sand blasting body, and the sealing body can seal the interior of the sliding sleeve. Fracturing is achieved by arranging the inner intercepting type intercepting nozzle to be matched with the sand blasting body and the sealing assembly, and damage of high-pressure fluid to the casing pipe is reduced by arranging the sand blasting body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device and method, belonging to the technical field of oil fracturing. Background Art

[0002] In the oil field, fracturing is an important means of reservoir transformation in oil development. The fracturing string mainly consists of an expansion packer and a sandblaster. The existing conventional three-hole sandblaster generates a throttling effect through the side sand outlet, forming a pressure difference inside and outside the string during the diversion process, causing the packer to expand and seal, and realizing staged fracturing. However, the spray holes of this sandblaster are directly facing the casing. Research and monitoring data show that under the conditions of large displacement and large sand addition volume, the flow velocity generated by the sandblaster is very high, causing relatively serious continuous cutting of the casing. After fracturing, casing deformation, casing damage such as casing collapse increases significantly, which is not conducive to the long-term development of the oil field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the problem of large damage to the casing caused by the conventional sandblaster under large displacement in the prior art, the present invention provides a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device and method, which realizes fracturing by setting an internal throttling nozzle in cooperation with a sandblasting body and a sealing component, and weakens the damage to the casing by setting a sandblasting body to reduce the flow velocity of high-pressure fluid.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device, including a sealing component, a sandblasting body, a sliding sleeve, a throttling and sealing body, and a lower joint. The sandblasting body is provided with a sandblasting port and a pressure guiding channel, and the pressure guiding channel penetrates the sandblasting body. The fracturing fluid in the sandblasting body enters the sealing component through the pressure guiding channel. The sandblasting ports are located on both sides of the sandblasting body. The sliding sleeve is located inside the sandblasting body and is connected to the sandblasting body through shear pin B. The sliding sleeve is used to block the sandblasting ports. The sandblasting body is connected to the sealing component, and the other end of the sealing component is connected to the lower joint. A sealing seat is arranged inside the lower joint; the throttling and sealing body consists of a throttling nozzle and a sealing body. The throttling nozzle is connected to the sealing body through shear pin A. The throttling nozzle can seal the inside of the sandblasting body, and the sealing body can seal the inside of the sliding sleeve.

[0005] Further, the sealing component includes an upper fixing ring, a rubber barrel, a central tube, and a lower fixing ring; the rubber barrel is sleeved on the central tube, and both ends of the rubber barrel are threadedly connected to the upper fixing ring and the lower fixing ring respectively. There is a gap between the central tube and the upper fixing ring, and the fracturing fluid can enter between the central tube and the rubber barrel through the gap, causing the rubber barrel to expand and seal the annular space between the tubing and the casing.

[0006] Further, the outer diameter of one end of the throttling nozzle is smaller than the inner diameter of the sandblasting body, and the outer diameter of the other end of the throttling nozzle is larger than the inner diameter of the sandblasting body.

[0007] Further, the sandblasting body is externally threadedly connected to the upper fixing ring, and the sandblasting body is internally threadedly connected to the central tube.

[0008] Further, the lower joint is externally threaded to the lower fixing ring, and the lower joint is internally threaded to the central pipe.

[0009] The present invention also provides a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing method. Specifically, after the shut-off seal body is put into the sandblasting body, the fracturing fluid pushes the shut-off nozzle and the seal body downward. During the downward process, the shut-off nozzle and the seal body will get stuck inside the sandblasting body. When the seal body encounters high-pressure fluid, the shear pin A is cut off. The seal body separates from the shut-off nozzle and drives the sliding sleeve to cut the shear pin B and then they both move downward together to release the occlusion of the sandblasting port. After the seal body and the sliding sleeve move downward, they are seated on the seal seat to cut off the liquid flowing downward in the central pipe. The shut-off nozzle remains in the sandblasting body. After the fracturing fluid passes through the shut-off nozzle, a shut-off pressure difference is generated to expand and seal the sealing assembly, and the sandblasting body conducts fracturing construction.

[0010] The present invention discloses a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device and method. The beneficial effect is that compared with the prior art, the present invention can replace the original sandblaster and packer to fracture a single layer, or can be used in combination with a conventional packer and an internal shut-off sandblaster for multi-layer fracturing, achieving the purpose of protecting the casing. The present invention realizes fracturing by setting an internal shut-off type shut-off nozzle in cooperation with the sandblasting body and the sealing assembly, and reduces the damage of high-pressure fluid to the casing by setting the sandblasting body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0012] Figure 1 The following shows the schematic structural cross-section diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 The following shows the schematic diagram of the state where the shut-off seal body seals the sandblasting body in Embodiment 1;

[0014] Figure 3 The following shows the schematic diagram of the separated state of the shut-off nozzle and the seal body in Embodiment 1;

[0015] Figure 4 The following shows the schematic diagram of the state where the seal body seals the lower joint in Embodiment 1;

[0016] Figure 5 The following shows the schematic construction layout diagram of the present invention.

[0017] As shown in the figure:

[0018] 1. Shutoff nozzle; 2. Shearing pin A; 3. Sealing body; 4. Sandblasting body; 5. Shearing pin B; 6. Slip sleeve; 7. Upper fixing ring; 8. Rubber barrel; 9. Central tube; 10. Lower fixing ring; 11. Lower joint; 111. Sealing seat; 41. Pressure guiding channel; 42. Sandblasting port; 101. Packer; 102. First reservoir; 103. This device; 104. Second reservoir; 105. Inner shutoff sandblaster.

[0019] Specific implementation method

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To further understand the content of the present invention, the following further elaborates on this technical solution in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, this embodiment provides a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device, including a sealing assembly, a sandblasting body 4, a slip sleeve 6, a shutoff and sealing body, and a lower joint 11. A sandblasting port 42 and a pressure guiding channel 41 are provided on the sandblasting body 4. The pressure guiding channel 41 penetrates the sandblasting body 4 and is not communicated with the sandblasting port 42. The fracturing fluid in the sandblasting body 4 enters the sealing assembly through the pressure guiding channel 41. The sandblasting ports 42 are symmetrically arranged on the sandblasting body 4. The slip sleeve 6 is located inside the sandblasting body 4 and is connected to the sandblasting body 4 through a shearing pin B5. The slip sleeve 6 is used to block the sandblasting ports 42. The sandblasting body 4 is connected to the sealing assembly, and the other end of the sealing assembly is connected to the lower joint 11. A sealing seat 111 is provided inside the lower joint 11. The shutoff and sealing body is composed of a shutoff nozzle 1 and a sealing body 3. The shutoff nozzle 1 is connected to the sealing body 3 through a shearing pin A2. The shutoff nozzle 1 can seal the inside of the sandblasting body 4, and the sealing body 3 can seal the inside of the slip sleeve 6.

[0024] The sandblasting nozzles of conventional three - eye sandblasters have different diameters of 16 and 20 mm. However, for high - displacement operations, such conventional three - eye sandblasters will generate a very high throttling pressure difference. And during the sand - adding process, the flow velocity is very high, which causes great damage to the casing. Therefore, by expanding the outlet, the outlet flow velocity is significantly reduced, and the throttling effect is placed inside the sandblaster. Specifically, the size of the sandblasting nozzle 42 is 60×80 mm, which can reduce the liquid flow velocity and the damage to the casing.

[0025] The described sealing assembly includes an upper fixing ring 7, a rubber barrel 8, a central tube 9, and a lower fixing ring 10; the rubber barrel 8 is sleeved on the central tube 9, and both ends of the rubber barrel 8 are thread - connected to the upper fixing ring 7 and the lower fixing ring 10 respectively. The upper fixing ring 7 and the lower fixing ring 10 are used to limit the axial displacement of the rubber barrel 8. There is a gap between the central tube 9 and the upper fixing ring 7, and the fracturing fluid can enter the space between the central tube 9 and the rubber barrel 8 through the gap, causing the rubber barrel 8 to expand and realizing the sealing of the annular space between the tubing and the casing.

[0026] One end of the throttling nozzle 1 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the sandblasting body 4, and the other end of the throttling nozzle 1 has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the sandblasting body 4.

[0027] The sandblasting body 4 is connected to the upper fixing ring 7 by external threads, and the sandblasting body 4 is connected to the central tube 9 by internal threads. The lower joint 11 is connected to the lower fixing ring 10 by external threads, and the lower joint 11 is connected to the central tube 9 by internal threads.

[0028] This embodiment also provides a sandblasting and packer - integrated fracturing method. Specifically, after the throttling and sealing body is put into the sandblasting body 4, the fracturing fluid pushes the throttling nozzle 1 and the sealing body 3 downward. During the downward movement, the throttling nozzle 1 and the sealing body 3 will get stuck inside the sandblasting body 4. When the sealing body 3 encounters high - pressure fluid, the shear pin A2 is cut off. The sealing body 3 separates from the throttling nozzle 1 and drives the sliding sleeve 6 to cut off the shear pin B5 and then they move downward together, removing the occlusion of the sandblasting nozzle 42. After the sealing body 3 and the sliding sleeve 6 move downward, they are seated on the sealing seat 111, cutting off the liquid flowing downward in the central tube 9 and ending the fracturing construction of the lower sandblaster. The throttling nozzle 1 remains inside the sandblasting body 4. The fracturing fluid generates a throttling pressure difference after passing through the throttling nozzle 1, and the fracturing fluid enters the gap between the central tube 9 and the rubber barrel 8 from the pressure - guiding channel 41, expanding and sealing the rubber barrel 8 to realize the sealing of the annular space between the tubing and the casing, and the sandblasting body 4 conducts the fracturing construction of this section of the reservoir.

[0029] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the present device 103 can also be used in combination with the existing packer 101 and the internal shut-off sandblasting tool 105 for double-layer fracturing. During construction, the shut-off seal body does not enter the well with the pipe string. At this time, the sliding sleeve 6 blocks the sandblasting port 42. After the fracturing fluid enters the wellbore, it sprays out from the internal shut-off sandblasting tool 105 to transform the second reservoir 104. After the shut-off seal body is put in, the shut-off nozzle 1 remains in the sandblasting body 4, and the seal body 3 and the sliding sleeve 6 are seated on the seal seat 111. The fracturing fluid sprays out from the sandblasting port 42 to transform the first reservoir 102, which not only meets the requirements of layered transformation but also achieves the purpose of protecting the casing. At the same time, the internal diameter of the shut-off nozzle 1 can be made in different sizes to meet the pressure difference requirements under various displacement conditions.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device, characterized in that It includes a sealing assembly, a sandblasting body (4), a sliding sleeve (6), a flow-intercepting sealing body (3) and a lower sub (11). The sandblasting body (4) is provided with a sandblasting orifice (42) and a pressure guiding channel (41). The pressure guiding channel (41) penetrates through the sandblasting body (4). The fracturing fluid in the sandblasting body (4) enters the sealing assembly through the pressure guiding channel (41). The sandblasting orifices (42) are located on both sides of the sandblasting body (4). The sliding sleeve (6) is located inside the sandblasting body (4) and is connected to the sandblasting body (4) by a shear pin B (5). The sliding sleeve (6) is used to block the sandblasting orifices (42). The sandblasting body (4) is connected to the sealing assembly, and the other end of the sealing assembly is connected to the lower sub (11). A sealing seat (111) is arranged inside the lower sub (11). The flow-intercepting sealing body (3) is composed of a flow-intercepting nozzle (1) and a sealing body (3). The flow-intercepting nozzle (1) is connected to the sealing body (3) by a shear pin A (2). The flow-intercepting nozzle (1) can seal the inside of the sandblasting body (4), and the sealing body (3) can seal the inside of the sliding sleeve (6).

2. The sandblasting and pack-off integrated fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein The sealing assembly includes an upper fixing ring (7), a rubber barrel (8), a central tube (9) and a lower fixing ring (10). The rubber barrel (8) is sleeved on the central tube (9). The two ends of the rubber barrel (8) are respectively threadedly connected to the upper fixing ring (7) and the lower fixing ring (10). A gap is left between the central tube (9) and the upper fixing ring (7). The fracturing fluid can enter between the central tube (9) and the rubber barrel (8) through the gap, causing the rubber barrel (8) to expand and realizing the sealing of the annular space between the tubing and the casing.

3. The sandblasting and pack-off integrated fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sandblasting body (4) is externally threadedly connected to the upper fixing ring (7), and the sandblasting body (4) is internally threadedly connected to the central tube (9).

4. The sandblasting and pack-off integrated fracturing device according to claim 3, wherein, The lower sub (11) is externally threadedly connected to the lower fixing ring (10), and the lower sub (11) is internally threadedly connected to the central tube (9).

5. A sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of one end of the flow-intercepting nozzle (1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the sandblasting body (4), and the outer diameter of the other end of the flow-intercepting nozzle (1) is larger than the inner diameter of the sandblasting body (4).

6. The sandblasting and pack-off integrated fracturing device according to claim 5, wherein During the downward movement of the flow-intercepting nozzle (1) and the sealing body (3), they will get stuck inside the sandblasting body (4). When the sealing body (3) encounters high-pressure fluid flow, the shear pin A (2) is cut off by the sealing body (3), and the sealing body (3) is separated from the flow-intercepting nozzle (1).

7. The sandblasting and packoff integrated fracturing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing body (3) drives the sliding sleeve (6) to cut off the shear pin B (5) and then they move downward together, removing the blockage of the sandblasting orifices (42). After the sealing body (3) and the sliding sleeve (6) move downward, they are seated on the sealing seat (111).

8. The sandblasting and pack-off integrated fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein, The size of the sandblasting orifice (42) is 60×80mm.

9. A fracturing method using the fracturing device of a sandblasting and packer integrated fracturing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the intercepting seal body (3) is put into the sandblasting body (4), the fracturing fluid pushes the intercepting nozzle (1) and the seal body (3) downward. During the downward movement, the intercepting nozzle (1) and the seal body (3) will get stuck inside the sandblasting body (4). When the seal body (3) encounters high-pressure fluid flow, the shear pin A (2) is cut off. The seal body (3) separates from the intercepting nozzle (1) and drives the sliding sleeve (6) to cut off the shear pin B (5) and then they move downward together, removing the blockage of the sandblasting port (42). After the seal body (3) and the sliding sleeve (6) move downward, they are seated on the seal seat (111), cutting off the liquid flowing downward in the central pipe (9). The intercepting nozzle (1) remains inside the sandblasting body (4). After the fracturing fluid passes through the intercepting nozzle (1), an intercepting pressure difference is generated to expand and seal the sealing assembly, and the sandblasting body (4) conducts fracturing construction.

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