A method for constructing a prefabricated computer room

Abstract

This invention provides a method for constructing a prefabricated computer room, relating to the field of prefabricated computer room construction technology. First, parameter information of various components within the computer room is acquired. Based on these parameters, basic families and basic models are created, resulting in a model library. Then, combined with the model library, the design of pipe components, pump sets, and pump set installation structures within the computer room is completed. Drawings are then output, and finally, construction is carried out. This invention establishes a model library for different components by acquiring information about the computer room components. During the design phase, by setting or modifying some parameters of the basic model, suitable component models can be obtained, enabling rapid design of modules of different types and sizes, greatly accelerating the efficiency of computer room modeling and refinement. Simultaneously, pipe components are segmented into multiple prefabricated sections, and pump sets and installation structures are prefabricated as modules, making pipe components and pump set modules easier to manufacture, transport, and install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated construction technology for computer rooms, and specifically to a method for constructing a prefabricated computer room. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated construction embodies lean construction and digital manufacturing. The prefabrication process extensively utilizes prefabrication technology, which boasts a high degree of mechanization, allowing for parallel and continuous operations. Prefabrication can begin without waiting for the completion of on-site foundations, equipment, and structural construction, shortening the construction period. The processing, assembly, welding, flaw detection, and heat treatment of pipes involved in prefabrication can all be carried out in prefabrication plants, where construction conditions are better than on-site, making it easier to ensure the quality of pipe production and assembly. Furthermore, processing pipes in prefabrication plants maximizes the use of machinery in pipe transportation, material cutting, and beveling, improving the level of mechanized processing. Prefabrication plants also maximize the use of vertical and horizontal transportation machinery, reducing heavy manual labor, minimizing high-altitude work, and improving workers' working conditions, thus contributing to safer production. In prefabrication plants, pipe processing is centralized, with a single work group responsible for material cutting from start to finish, ensuring "material selection based on specifications" and avoiding the haphazard cutting of long pipes. This ensures the rational use and management of materials. BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, as a technological carrier for prefabrication, provides accurate data support, enabling the rational use of space and the visual appeal of a completed system.

[0003] However, current BIM-based detailed design suffers from low efficiency and poor results. There are no standards for module design and division, and no specialized BIM design software for modular prefabricated construction of electromechanical installations. Furthermore, the BIM model component library is large and diverse, leading to low design efficiency and poor design quality. There is insufficient experience to draw upon regarding module design forms, assembly methods, disassembly principles, and assembly methods. There are no relevant specifications, procedures, standards, or atlases to guide this process, resulting in a huge workload and long development cycles in the early stages of modeling. Moreover, prefabricated modules are large and irregularly shaped, occupying a high amount of transportation space, leading to low transportation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, a new technology is needed to solve the aforementioned existing problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated computer room construction method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, greatly accelerate the efficiency of computer room modeling and detailing, and also improve the efficiency of component module prefabrication, transportation and installation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A method for constructing a prefabricated computer room includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Obtain parameter information of various components in the computer room, create basic families of various components based on the parameters of various components, and create basic models of various components. By setting or modifying the parameters of the basic model, you can obtain models of different specifications of components within the basic family of this basic model. After all component models are established, a model library is obtained.

[0009] S2: Combining the model library in S1, complete the design of the pipe components in the computer room, obtain the model drawing of the pipe components in the computer room, and divide the pipe components into multiple prefabricated sections along the axial direction according to the model drawing of the pipe components;

[0010] S3: Combining the model library in S1, complete the design of the pump set and pump set installation structure in the computer room, and obtain the model diagram of the pump set and pump set installation structure in the computer room.

[0011] S4: Drawings of prefabricated sections of output pipe fittings, pump sets, and pump set installation structures;

[0012] S5: Construct the machine room according to the drawings output in S4.

[0013] As one implementation method, in S1, the manufacturer's component sample files and national standards are queried to extract the parameter information of various types of components required. The various components in the computer room for which the parameter information is obtained also include refrigeration and heat exchange equipment and valves.

[0014] In one implementation, S2 involves dividing the tubular component into prefabricated segments using a fixed-area grid method. The division steps include:

[0015] S21: Draw a fixed-area grid diagram according to the size of the computer room and the grid in the fixed-area grid diagram is a square grid.

[0016] S22: Replace the model of the tubular component with lines that have the same distribution pattern as the tubular component;

[0017] S23: Place lines located in the same plane within a fixed area grid diagram. The line portion of a tubular component within a square represents a prefabricated section of the tubular component.

[0018] As one implementation, in S3, the pump set design includes the design of the water pump, the motor, the water pump auxiliary pipeline, and the water pump auxiliary valve.

[0019] As one implementation method, in S3, the pump set installation structure design includes the pump set counterweight structure design, frame structure design, frame weld design, and vibration damping structure design.

[0020] As one implementation method, in S3, the counterweight structure design of the pump set includes welding steel plates of a set size into a steel plate frame according to the specifications of the water pump and motor in the pump set. The inside of the steel plate frame is welded into a steel mesh with steel bars. The ends of the steel mesh are fixedly connected to the side wall of the steel plate frame. The pre-embedded anchor bolts of the water pump are fixedly connected to the steel mesh. Finally, concrete is poured inside the steel plate frame.

[0021] As one implementation, in S3, the frame structure of the pump unit includes columns and beams, and the columns and beams are connected to form a cuboid frame structure.

[0022] The strength of the columns in the frame structure design of the pump unit meets the following requirements:

[0023] σ max =(P t SY max A x +P t I x ) / A x I x ≤[σ];

[0024] Where, σ max [σ] is the maximum pressure; [σ] is the maximum allowable stress of the column; S is the eccentricity; I x Let Y be the moment of inertia of the column cross section about the x-axis; max P is the distance from the point of maximum stress on the column cross-section to point O; t For the vertical force on the column; A x Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the column.

[0025] The slenderness ratio of the column satisfies:

[0026] λ x =A x 0.5 L c / I x 0.5 ≤150;

[0027] Where, λ x L is the slenderness ratio of the column. c This is the calculated length of the column;

[0028] The bending strength of the beam meets the following requirements:

[0029] F = 1.5M x / r x W x +1.5M y / r y W y ≤0.85f;

[0030] Where F is the bending strength of the beam; r xr is the interfacial plasticity development coefficient along the x-axis; y M is the interfacial plasticity development coefficient along the y-axis; x M is the bending moment of the longitudinal section of the beam about the x-axis; y W is the bending moment of the longitudinal section of the beam about the y-axis; x W is the net section modulus of the longitudinal section of the beam along the x-axis; y is the net section modulus of the longitudinal section of the beam along the y-axis; f is the design value of the tensile strength of the beam material.

[0031] The shear strength of the beam meets the following requirements:

[0032] τ=1.5VS / I x t w ≤0.85f`;

[0033] Where τ is the shear strength of the beam; V is the shear force acting along the web plane at the calculated section; S is the area moment of the gross section about the neutral axis at the calculated shear force location; I x For the gross section moment of inertia; t w f' is the web thickness; f' is the design value of the shear strength of the beam material;

[0034] The slenderness ratio of the beam satisfies:

[0035] λ y =A y 0.5 L` c / I y 0.5 ≤120;

[0036] λ y The slenderness ratio of the beam; A y L is the cross-sectional area of ​​the beam; c I is the calculated length of the beam. y Let be the moment of inertia of the beam interface about the y-axis.

[0037] As one implementation method, in S3, the frame weld design satisfies:

[0038]

[0039] σ f The stress is perpendicular to the length of the weld; N is the axial tensile or compressive force; h e The calculated thickness for fillet welds; l w f is the calculated length of the fillet weld. w f β represents the design strength value for fillet welds. f τ is the strength design value increase factor for the front fillet weld; f This represents the shear stress along the length of the weld.

[0040] As one implementation method, in S3, a shock absorber is installed in the pump unit, located at the bottom of the frame. The shock absorption design of the pump unit satisfies the following requirements:

[0041] T = (1 - ntkξ / vmg) * 100%;

[0042] Where T is the vibration isolation efficiency; n is the number of dampers arranged; t is the pump rotation metering cycle; k is the damper stiffness; ξ is the damper damping ratio; v is the pump speed; m is the total mass of the pump set; and g is the gravitational acceleration.

[0043] V=(n1vm1+n2vm2)ntkξ 2 2Π / vm 2 g 2 ;

[0044] V is the vibration velocity of the water pump in the vibration isolation system; n1 is the water pump disturbance coefficient; n2 is the motor disturbance coefficient; v is the water pump speed; m1 is the weight of the water pump impeller; m2 is the weight of the motor rotor; n is the number of vibration dampers arranged; t is the water pump rotation metering period; k is the stiffness of the vibration damper; ξ is the damper damping ratio; Π is pi; m is the total mass of the pump set; g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0045] As one implementation, the tubular components in S2 include pipes, cable trays, and air ducts.

[0046] The present invention has the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0047] 1. This invention establishes a model library of different components by acquiring information about computer room components. During the design phase, by simply setting or modifying some parameters of the basic model, a suitable component model can be obtained, realizing the rapid design of modules of different types and sizes, and greatly accelerating the efficiency of computer room modeling and refinement.

[0048] 2. In this invention, pipe components are segmented to form multiple prefabricated sections, and pump sets and installation structures are prefabricated as modules, making pipe components and pump set modules easier to manufacture, transport and install.

[0049] Other technical solutions of the present invention also have the following technical effects:

[0050] This invention, by individually designing the counterweight structure, frame structure, weld structure, and shock absorber of the pump unit, helps to ensure the safe and stable operation of the pump unit. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a prefabricated computer room construction method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is an operation interface for extracting component information within software in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is an operation interface in one embodiment of the present invention, which adjusts the basic model of a component into the desired component model within the software.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pump unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pump module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the steel plate frame and steel mesh of the counterweight structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spring shock absorber in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the software-in-process filtering rule settings in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 9 This is a material statistics chart within the software in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 10 This is a detailed annotation diagram of pipeline prefabrication and processing in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 11 This is a marking diagram for electromechanical prefabrication in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0064] 1. Water pump; 2. Motor; 3. Counterweight structure; 31. Steel plate frame; 32. Reinforcing mesh; 4. Frame structure; 5. Spring shock absorber. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated computer room construction method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, greatly accelerate the efficiency of computer room modeling and detailing, and also improve the efficiency of component module prefabrication, transportation and installation.

[0067] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0068] This embodiment uses a refrigeration and heat exchange room as an example for illustration, but the prefabricated room construction method described in this embodiment is not limited to refrigeration and heat exchange room.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for constructing a prefabricated computer room, including the following steps:

[0070] S1: Query manufacturer component sample files and national standards to obtain parameter information for various components within the computer room. These components include, but are not limited to, refrigeration and heat exchange equipment, pipes, pump sets, valves, etc. Within the software (AutoRevit, for example), create basic families for each type of component based on their parameters, and then create basic models for each type of component. By setting or modifying the parameters of the basic model, models of different specifications of components within the same basic family can be obtained. Once all component models are created, a model library is generated.

[0071] Specifically, (1) the required parameter information of the equipment family in the component of the prefabricated modular BIM family is extracted from the sample of the refrigeration and heat exchange equipment manufacturer, and a parameter comparison table text file containing information such as equipment model, specifications, shape and number is established, such as Figure 2 As shown. The refrigeration and heat exchange equipment mentioned here includes water pumps, heat exchangers, chillers, and other essential main working components commonly used in refrigeration and heat exchange machine rooms to maintain the normal operation of the refrigeration and heat exchange process. Then, a new family is created using a surface-based metric conventional family template file. Based on national standards and equipment model, specifications, and shape information from equipment manufacturer samples, control reference lines are drawn within the new family for dimensioning and family parameters are assigned. Finally, a parameter lookup table text file containing equipment model, specifications, and shape information is imported, and corresponding logical formulas are assigned to all family parameters for parameter nesting. This allows the equipment model, specifications, and shape parameters to automatically adjust according to their numbering, completing the creation of the equipment BIM family.

[0072] (2) Extract the required parameter information for various valves and instrument families in the prefabricated module BIM family components from the valve manufacturer's samples, and create a parameter comparison table text file containing the model, specifications, and shape information of valves such as electric proportional control valves, electric butterfly valves, manual butterfly valves, flexible joints, temperature sensors, pressure gauges, and thermometers. Then, create multiple new families using the metric conventional family template file. Based on the national standard and the model, specifications, and shape information of valves such as electric proportional control valves, electric butterfly valves, manual butterfly valves, flexible joints, temperature sensors, pressure gauges, and thermometers in the valve manufacturer's samples, draw control reference lines in each new family, dimension them, and assign family parameters. Finally, import the corresponding parameter reference table text file containing information such as the model, specifications, and shape of electric proportional control valves, electric butterfly valves, manual butterfly valves, flexible joints, temperature sensors, pressure gauges, and thermometers into each new family. Assign corresponding logical formulas to all family parameters for parameter nesting, allowing the model, specifications, and shape parameters of various valve and instrument families to be automatically adjusted based on the input nominal diameter. This completes the creation of BIM families for valves such as electric proportional control valves, electric butterfly valves, manual butterfly valves, flexible joints, temperature sensors, pressure gauges, and thermometers. Figure 3 As shown.

[0073] (3) Extract the required parameter information for various pipe fitting families in the prefabricated module BIM family components from the pipe fitting manufacturer's samples, and create a parameter comparison table text file containing the model, specifications, and shape information of pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, reducers, and steel flanges. Then, create multiple new families using the metric conventional family template file. Based on the model, specifications, and shape information of pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, reducers, and steel flanges specified in the national standards, draw control reference lines in each new family for dimensioning and assign family parameters. Finally, import the corresponding parameter comparison table text file containing the model, specifications, and shape information of pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, reducers, and steel flanges into each new family, assign corresponding logical formulas to all family parameters for parameter nesting, so that the model, specifications, and shape parameters of various pipe fitting families are automatically adjusted by inputting the nominal diameter, thus completing the creation of BIM families for pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, reducers, and steel flanges.

[0074] In Auto Revit software, Figure 1 This is the interface for the extracted component information. Figure 2 This is the interface for adjusting the basic model of a component into the desired component model. Figure 2 The left side of the interface mainly displays logical formulas, data types, and component information, while the right side mainly displays component models.

[0075] S2: Combining the model library in S1, complete the design of the pipe components in the computer room, obtain the model drawings of the pipe components in the computer room, and divide the pipe components into multiple prefabricated sections along the axial direction according to the model drawings of the pipe components.

[0076] The tubular components described in this embodiment include pipes, cable trays, and air ducts.

[0077] Specifically, the process of designing pipe components and obtaining prefabricated sections can be carried out according to the following steps: (1) Based on the characteristics of the structural beams and columns of the computer room, combined with the external dimensions of the refrigeration and heat exchange equipment and other modules, the refrigeration and heat exchange equipment in the computer room should be rationally laid out on the basis of reasonable planning of equipment transportation channels and pedestrian channels, and the model design of pipe components should be completed based on the layout of the refrigeration and heat exchange equipment. (2) Based on the model of the pipe components, considering the layout of equipment and pedestrian channels, the location of the supports should be set, the load of the pipe components should be calculated, the support type should be selected, and the support design should be completed. (3) Prefabricated sections are obtained by dividing the pipe components according to the fixed area grid method. The division steps include: S21: Draw a fixed area grid diagram according to the size of the machine room and the grid in the fixed area grid diagram is a square; S22: Replace the model of the pipe components with lines that have the same distribution pattern as the pipe components. These lines can all use the axis of the pipe components; S23: Place the lines located in the same plane in the fixed area grid diagram. The line part of the pipe component in one square represents the prefabricated section of the pipe component, and flanges are generated at both ends of the prefabricated section to facilitate subsequent connection. By dividing the pipe components into multiple prefabricated sections, it is convenient for prefabrication, transportation and splicing.

[0078] S3: Combining the model library in S1, complete the design of the pump set and its installation structure in the computer room, obtaining the model diagram of the pump set and its installation structure. The pump set structure is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the pump set design includes the design of pump 1, motor 2, auxiliary piping of pump 1, and auxiliary valves of pump 1, resulting in a more integrated pump set. The pump set installation structure is primarily designed to ensure stable operation of the pump set. The pump set installation structure design includes the design of the counterweight structure 3, frame structure 4, frame weld seams, and vibration damping structure. The pump set and its installation structure form a pump set module, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0079] The counterweight structure 3 of the pump set is designed by welding steel plates of a predetermined size into a steel plate frame 31 according to the specifications of the water pump 1 and the motor 2 in the pump set. Inside the steel plate frame 31, steel bars are welded into a steel mesh 32. The ends of the steel mesh 32 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the steel plate frame 31. Figure 6As shown, the pre-embedded anchor bolts of water pump 1 are fixedly connected to the reinforcing steel mesh 32. Finally, concrete is poured inside the steel plate frame 31 to bury the anchor bolts and the reinforcing steel mesh 32. Counterweights are used to prevent water pump 1 from shifting during operation.

[0080] It should be noted that, depending on the model of the water pump 1, the motor 2 may be set horizontally or vertically. When the motor 2 is set horizontally and has a base, the pre-embedded foot bolts on the base can also be fixedly connected to the steel mesh 32.

[0081] The pump unit's frame structure 4 includes columns and beams, which are connected to form a cuboid frame structure 4 to support the pump unit. In this embodiment, both the columns and beams are made of rectangular steel pipes, but H-beams or other profiles can also be used.

[0082] A coordinate system is established with the center of gravity of the pump unit as the origin O. The x-axis and y-axis are set along the two sides of the cuboid frame structure 4 in the horizontal direction, and the z-axis is in the vertical direction. The spatial angle between the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis is 90°.

[0083] The strength of the columns in the design of the pump unit's frame structure 4 meets the following requirements:

[0084] σ max =(P t SY max A x +P t I x ) / A x I x ≤[σ];

[0085] Where, σ max [σ] is the maximum pressure; [σ] is the maximum allowable stress of the column; S is the eccentricity; I x Let Y be the moment of inertia of the column cross section about the x-axis; max P is the distance from the point of maximum stress on the column cross-section to point O; t For the vertical force on the column; A x Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the column.

[0086] The slenderness ratio of the column satisfies:

[0087] λ x =A x 0.5 L c / I x 0.5 ≤150;

[0088] Where, λ x The slenderness ratio of the column is typically not less than 150; L c This is the calculated length of the column;

[0089] The bending strength of the beam meets the following requirements:

[0090] F = 1.5M x / r x W x +1.5M y / r y W y ≤0.85f;

[0091] Where F is the bending strength of the beam; r x r is the interfacial plastic development coefficient along the x-axis, taken as 1.05; y M is the y-axis interfacial plastic development coefficient, taken as 1.05; x M is the bending moment of the longitudinal section of the beam about the x-axis; y W is the bending moment of the longitudinal section of the beam about the y-axis; x W is the net section modulus of the longitudinal section of the beam along the x-axis; y is the net section modulus of the longitudinal section of the beam along the y-axis; f is the design value of the tensile strength of the beam material, which is generally taken as 215 when Q235 steel is used.

[0092] The shear strength of the beam meets the following requirements:

[0093] τ=1.5VS / I x t w ≤0.85f`;

[0094] Where τ is the shear strength of the beam; V is the shear force acting along the web plane at the calculated section; S is the area moment of the gross section about the neutral axis at the calculated shear force location; I x For the gross section moment of inertia; t w V is the web thickness; f' is the design shear strength of the beam material, typically 125 when using Q235 steel. It should be noted that this formula applies to H-beams. When the beam is a square steel tube or other profile without a web, V and t... w All are set to 1.

[0095] The slenderness ratio of the beam satisfies:

[0096] λ y =A y 0.5 L` c / I y 0.5 ≤120;

[0097] λ y The slenderness ratio of the beam is typically not less than 120; A y L is the cross-sectional area of ​​the beam; c I is the calculated length of the beam. y Let be the moment of inertia of the beam interface about the y-axis.

[0098] In S3, to prevent damage to the frame structure 4 due to vibration during the operation of the water pump 1, the static load strength of the welded joints in the frame structure 4 directly affects the load-bearing and load-bearing performance of the frame structure 4. During the fabrication of the frame structure 4, all welded joints are fillet welds. The fillet weld design considers the stress perpendicular to the weld length direction, the shear stress along the weld length direction, and the combined effects to satisfy:

[0099]

[0100] σ f The stress is perpendicular to the length of the weld; N is the axial tensile or compressive force; h e The calculated thickness for fillet welds; l w f is the calculated length of the fillet weld. w f β represents the design strength value for fillet welds. f τ is the strength design value increase factor for the front fillet weld; f This represents the shear stress along the length of the weld.

[0101] The weld strength design is shown in Table 1:

[0102] Table 1

[0103]

[0104] As one implementation method, in S3, a shock absorber is installed in the pump unit. The shock absorber is a conventional spring shock absorber 5, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the spring shock absorber 5 is located at the bottom of the frame, and the shock absorption design of the pump unit meets the following requirements:

[0105] T = (1 - ntkξ / vmg) * 100%;

[0106] Where T is the vibration isolation efficiency, usually greater than 90%; n is the number of dampers arranged; t is the rotation metering cycle of water pump 1, usually 60; k is the damper stiffness; ξ is the damper damping ratio, usually 0.05; v is the rotational speed of water pump 1; m is the total mass of the pump group; g is the gravitational acceleration, usually taken as 10.

[0107] V=(n1vm1+n2vm2)ntkξ 2 2Π / vm 2 g 2 ;

[0108] The vibration velocity of pump 1 in the vibration isolation system is usually less than 10; n1 is the disturbance force coefficient of pump 1, usually taken as 0.4; n2 is the disturbance force coefficient of motor 2, usually taken as 0.1; v is the rotational speed of pump 1; m1 is the impeller weight of pump 1; m2 is the rotor weight of motor 2; n is the number of dampers arranged; t is the rotational metering period of pump 1, usually taken as 60; k is the stiffness of the damper; ξ is the damping ratio of the damper, usually taken as 0.05; Π is pi, usually taken as 3.14; m is the total mass of the pump set; g is the acceleration due to gravity, usually taken as 10.

[0109] S4: Output drawings of prefabricated sections of pipe fittings, pump sets, and pump set installation structures.

[0110] Specifically, before outputting drawings or building a model library, standard design for MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) BIM drafting can be performed first. The specific components of MEP prefabrication drawings include: a drawing frame and its contents, pipe numbers and prefabrication segment numbers, directional indicators and pipe spatial routing, detailed dimensions of pipe segments and components, pipe segment height and specifications / materials, pipe installation slope and reserved adjustment section length, location and interface type of components installed on the pipes, specifications and numbers of installation components, a bill of materials and a brief description of construction technical requirements, the system to which the pipe segment belongs and its installation location, plan view number and connection drawing number, etc.

[0111] Among them: (1) Drawings: The drawing size should be A4 or A3. The title block is set on the right side of the drawing and includes: client name, project name, drawing version, drafter, designer, reviewer, approver, countersignature column of each profession, project number, project status, profession, drawing name, drawing number, drawing scale, drawing date and other information.

[0112] (2) Graphic: The single-line isometric projection is used for drawing.

[0113] (3) Orientation: Pipelines running forward and backward are aligned with the x-axis, pipelines running left and right are aligned with the y-axis, and pipelines running up and down are aligned with the z-axis. The spatial angle between the x, y, and z directions is 90°.

[0114] (4) Directional markers: Directional markers are indicated by cross-shaped arrows. The same directional markers should be used in the same area (except in special cases).

[0115] (5) Piping drawing requirements:

[0116] ① In principle, a single drawing should only represent the contents of one pipeline. If the pipeline is too long or its shape is too complex, multiple drawings can be used to represent it. If the pipeline is too small or its shape is simple, the contents of multiple pipelines can be represented on one drawing, but the necessary information (direction indicators, pipeline number, pipeline section number, pipe section size, component size, pipe section height, pipe section specifications, pipe section material, pipeline slope, reserved length, component location, interface type, component specifications, component number, etc.) should be expressed completely, clearly, and accurately.

[0117] ② The line types used for pipelines, labels, and various auxiliary lines in the drawing are shown in Table 2. Pipelines that are not part of the drawing content but are connected to the pipelines in the drawing are represented by thin solid lines, and their pipeline numbers should be given on the drawing.

[0118] Table 2

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Note: The width b is generally between 0.35 and 2 mm, with 0.7 mm being the most suitable.

[0122] ③ Pipelines should be drawn strictly according to their actual length and displayed according to the required scale. The scale should be consistent for the same area or the same drawing.

[0123] ④ To meet the needs of on-site pipeline installation, the pipeline installation elevation, system, nominal diameter, pipeline number, section number, and weld location should be clearly indicated along the pipeline direction.

[0124] ⑤ Valves, pipe fittings, accessories, and other piping components should be drawn strictly according to their actual specifications, models, and locations, and according to the isometric drawing. Figure 2 The way items are represented should be consistent.

[0125] (6) Material details:

[0126] ① The bill of materials should be generated on a per-prefabrication drawing basis.

[0127] ② Specify the material, specifications, and length of the pipes; specify the material, specifications, model, and quantity of the pipe fittings; specify the material, specifications, model, and quantity of the valves, flanges, connectors, seals, transition parts, and other components, and list them by category.

[0128] ③ When two prefabrication drawings are separated by a flange, the flange shall be included in the material list of the drawing in which it is located. Connecting parts and seals shall be included in the downstream prefabrication drawing according to the direction of medium flow.

[0129] ④ When two prefabrication drawings are separated by a flanged valve, the gaskets, bolts, and nuts at the separation point are included in the prefabrication drawing excluding the valve side.

[0130] ⑤ When the two prefabrication drawings are separated by the flange connection between the pipeline and the equipment, the connecting parts and seals are included in the prefabrication drawing on the pipeline side (the equipment supply is included in the equipment side).

[0131] ⑥ Other items should include the material type, specifications, model, quantity, etc.

[0132] (7) Prefabrication and installation technical specifications:

[0133] ①The attribution information includes: the part to which it belongs, the system, the prefabrication number, the sub-item to which it belongs, and other related information.

[0134] ② The pipes and components between every two connectors constitute a prefabricated pipe section, and the prefabricated pipe section is numbered on a per-prefabrication drawing basis. The detailed prefabrication expression of each individual component contained in each prefabricated pipe section is the sub-item, and the sub-item is numbered on a per-prefabrication drawing basis.

[0135] ③ The design information includes: design pressure, design temperature, conveying medium, insulation requirements, insulation materials, insulation thickness, insulation standards, etc.

[0136] ④ Prefabrication and installation information includes: welding and testing methods, testing locations, inspection requirements, test pressure, test medium, pipeline cleanliness requirements, etc.

[0137] ⑤ Information such as the length, location, and precautions for the prefabrication and processing of the reserved adjustment section.

[0138] ⑥ Prefabrication and installation technical specifications can be expressed in the form of a simplified table.

[0139] ⑦ Other technical annotations, notes, and explanations that need to be clearly stated.

[0140] Based on the pump group model in S3, and utilizing the component statistical list function in BIM technology, according to the aforementioned requirements for collecting electromechanical prefabrication drawing information, the piping of each system is distinguished by setting filtering rules for "system type" and filling in system-specific colors, such as... Figure 8 As shown. Simultaneously, utilizing the component information pre-defined for each component in S2, a detailed list is created by selecting information fields. This process statistically analyzes and categorizes the material information contained in the electromechanical prefabrication drawings, thereby forming the material details section of the electromechanical prefabrication drawings, such as... Figure 9 As shown.

[0141] Then, an automatic annotation plugin was developed by connecting to the Auto Revit software API port using secondary development technology (this software and plugin are existing technologies). This plugin reads the assembly information tables imported from each component in the model library in S1, intelligently identifies the component information required for the electromechanical prefabrication drawings, and uniformly defines annotation and marking styles according to the pre-requisites of the electromechanical prefabrication drawings. It then adds annotations and markings with one click and generates drawings. This completes the generation of the fabrication drawings. Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown.

[0142] S5: Construct the machine room according to the drawings output in S4.

[0143] Specifically, the construction process includes, in sequence, the design of management measures, the design of assembly process, the design of transportation process, and the design of assembly process.

[0144] Management measures design: After the electromechanical prefabrication drawings are completed, management measures design should be implemented to ensure the efficiency and quality of module manufacturing and installation. (1) Before entering the site, workers should receive various necessary trainings. Key positions must be held by valid work certificates before they can be employed. (2) Carefully conduct briefings to ensure that workers understand the construction methods, quality standards, safety precautions, and civilized construction requirements. (3) Organize production according to the labor quota and determine the number of on-site personnel based on the actual situation. Ensure that workers have clear positions and responsibilities to prevent overstaffing and idle work. (4) Pipeline connections should be formed in one go. During the installation process, special trade workers must be certified to work. Strengthen quality education for on-site personnel and enhance their quality awareness. (5) Strictly implement the quality management responsibility system and implement it according to their respective responsibilities. Ensure quality control. All equipment, materials, and accessories in the project should have product quality certificates or qualification certificates and on-site test reports as required by technical standards.

[0145] Assembly process design: Import the electromechanical prefabrication drawings generated by S4 and the information list of components in the corresponding machine room model library into the prefabrication plant's automatic cutting machine. The factory's CNC management platform manages the entire pipeline and frame cutting process according to the electromechanical prefabrication drawings. The assembly process of the pump group module and pipe section module after cutting is as follows: (1) Complete the splicing and assembly of the pump group frame structure 4. (2) Fix the shock absorber, counterweight, and water pump 1 to the frame structure 4 in sequence. (3) Install the cut pipe components, valves, and pipe connection accessories into the assembled pump group frame structure 4 one by one according to the order described in the generated electromechanical prefabrication drawings for fixing.

[0146] For areas with a dense distribution of pipe components, the pipe components can be pre-fixed on the pipe segment module frame to form a pipe segment module, thereby improving installation efficiency. In areas where pipe components are sparse, brackets can be used for fixing. Since the vibration of pipe components is small, the load-bearing capacity of the pipe segment module frame can be lower than that of the pump set frame structure 4, or the same as that of the pump set frame structure 4. When the pipe components are adjacent to the pump set frame structure 4, the pipe components can be directly fixed on the pump set frame structure 4. The assembly process of the machine room pipe segment module after the material cutting is completed is as follows: (1) Complete the splicing and assembly of the pipe segment module frame. (2) Install the cut pipe components, valves and pipe connection accessories into the assembled pipe segment module frame one by one according to the order shown in the generated electromechanical prefabrication drawing and fix them.

[0147] Transportation process design: After the pump assembly and the machine room pipe section module assembly are completed, (1) the pump assembly module is regarded as a whole for transportation. Before transportation, the corresponding transportation plan is set according to the external size of the pump assembly module. The transportation adopts the transportation method of mechanical hoisting combined with the horizontal movement of the ground tank. The hand hoist is used as the module traction device for turning work during transportation. (2) The pump assembly module and the pipe section module are hoisted to the basement area by crane and placed on the ground tank. (3) Before turning, the two sets of hoists are fixed on the beam or column respectively. One end of the rope is fixed on the pump assembly frame structure 4, and the other end is pulled by the operator. During the module's forward movement, lateral stress is applied to complete the turning. (4) When the ground surface is relatively flat, it can be used directly as a transportation track; when encountering foundations, drainage ditches, uneven areas, the method of setting steel rails is adopted. The rail steel specifications are selected as H-shaped steel, and the rail spacing depends on the module width.

[0148] Assembly process design: After transporting the pump unit module to its corresponding position in the machine room, level and align the pump unit, chiller, heat exchanger, and other equipment in the machine room. After transporting the pipe section module to its corresponding position in the machine room, determine the direction and angle of the main and branch pipe openings, and then lift it using electric lifting equipment. After the pump unit module and pipe section module are installed, form a connected pipeline in the order of pipe sections, fittings, valves, and flexible joints.

[0149] Specific implementation examples based on the prefabricated computer room construction method in this embodiment:

[0150] Implementation Case:

[0151] (1) Project Overview

[0152] The electromechanical engineering of Terminal 1 at a certain international airport, in its first phase of renovation and expansion, utilizes the existing main structure while the concourses are demolished and rebuilt. The terminal's refrigeration and heat exchange room has a building area of ​​1965㎡, including 5 refrigeration units, 30 water pumps, 8 water treatment devices, and approximately 2000 meters of large piping. After modular design, it was integrated into 21 circulating pump modules, several prefabricated pipe sections, and refrigeration and heat exchange equipment. Following BIM modeling for comprehensive piping layout, prefabricated piping installation was adopted, which is both aesthetically pleasing and facilitates project quality control.

[0153] (2) Overview of the computer room

[0154] The basement structure of the main building is an arc-shaped structure, with structural beams and columns arranged on arcs of varying radii centered at a point outside the building. The building space is irregular, and the structural columns are unevenly distributed, making it impossible to arrange the refrigeration and heat exchanger equipment as in a typical project. Furthermore, this project is a renovation and expansion, with the basement structure being a reinforced and reused version of the original. The equipment rooms contain numerous foundations, with dense and complex piping, and limited space for transporting, processing, and installing equipment and materials.

[0155] (3) Implementation steps

[0156] 1) To address the significant discrepancies between the original structure and the structural drawings, a 3D scanning robot was used to perform a comprehensive scan of the existing structure, generating a realistic structural point cloud image, which was then compared with the original building model. The original building model was then adjusted to perfectly match the actual site conditions.

[0157] 2) By collecting the actual specifications of materials such as equipment, pipes, fittings, and valves from the manufacturer, a basic model of this material is created. By setting or modifying some parameters of the basic family, models of other specifications of the same material are obtained. After all equipment and material models are established, they are integrated into the BIM detailed basic model library for the refrigeration and heat exchanger room of this project.

[0158] 3) The 5 refrigeration units, 30 water pumps, 8 water treatment devices, and approximately 2000 meters of large pipeline in the refrigeration and heat exchange room will be integrated into 21 circulating pump modules, along with several prefabricated pipe sections and equipment. Flanges will be used for segmentation to facilitate off-site prefabrication and transportation of pipelines, enabling welding-free on-site installation.

[0159] 4) Draw the foundation diagram of the refrigeration and heat exchanger room equipment based on the structural beam and column characteristics of the refrigeration and heat exchanger room.

[0160] 5) The main pipe module of this project adopts a flange segmented assembly mode, with flanges added at the segmentation points of the main pipe. During installation, after the main pipe is installed in place, the two main pipe modules are connected by bolts.

[0161] 6) Considering the pipeline transportation route and reducing material waste, the main pipe module is divided into 9-meter sections, and the remaining main pipes that are less than 9 meters long are used as the last main pipe module of this section of pipeline.

[0162] 7) The main pipe module and the branch pipe module are divided by flanges. The main pipe module includes its own pipe and the tee and tee flange on the pipe side.

[0163] 8) Based on the weight and other parameters of the water pump 1 installed in the computer room, as well as the function of the circulating pump and the division of the usage areas, the 30 water pumps 1 on site (8 chilled water primary pumps, 8 cooling water primary pumps, and 14 chilled water secondary pumps) and their auxiliary pipes, fittings, and pipe accessories are highly integrated into 21 modules, as shown in Table 3.

[0164] Table 3

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] 9) Due to the small net space of the refrigeration room, the large model of the main pipe, and the large number of pipe layers, it is not suitable to use bottom-mounted shock absorbers that occupy a large vertical space. Therefore, after calculating the load and dynamic load of a single water pump 1, 8 sets of side-mounted spring shock absorbers 5 were selected. The shock absorber selection for water pump 1 in this project was carried out with reference to the shock absorber selection table, as shown in Table 4.

[0168] Table 4

[0169]

[0170] 10) Secure fixing measures are installed between the frame structure 4 of the pump set and the frame foundation to avoid resonance between the frame structure 4 and the water pump 1 during operation, reduce operating risks, and improve the service life of the water pump 1. The selection of spring shock absorber 5 models and quantities is shown in Table 5.

[0171] Table 5

[0172]

[0173] 11) Based on the size and weight of the pump body, a square frame welded from 12mm thick steel plates is designed, and the pump body is equipped with... The rebars are cross-welded into a 100*100mm grid, and each rebar is spot-welded firmly to the inner wall of the steel plate. Then, the pre-embedded anchor bolts of water pump 1 are firmly fixed to the rebars, and C30 concrete is poured.

[0174] 12) After converting the BIM model into factory processing data, import it into the automatic cutting machine, and CNC completes the entire pipe cutting process.

[0175] 13) Mechanized welding, using welding robots to complete all welding processes including root pass, fill pass, and cover pass.

[0176] 14) The main contents of the equipment room transportation operation include: 5 chiller units, 21 modules, 2 manifolds, and 6 water treatment devices. Chiller unit transportation: The equipment will be transported using a combination of mechanical hoisting and tank-based horizontal movement. Steel rails will be used. The steel profile will be 20# H-beams, and the rail spacing will be determined based on the width of the equipment.

[0177] 15) Provide detailed technical instructions to on-site workers. During on-site assembly, workers will perform pipeline assembly work according to the planned installation sequence and corresponding pipe section numbering sequence. The main material and construction machinery equipment are shown in Table 6, and the labor force allocation is shown in Table 7.

[0178] Table 6

[0179]

[0180]

[0181] Table 7

[0182] Serial Number Job quantity unit Remark 1 plumber 10 people 2 electrician 1 people Certified to work 4 welder 1 people Certified to work 5 auxiliary worker 20 people 6 Debugger 4 people 7 Crane Operator 6 people 8 Crane operator 2 people 9 Insulation worker 10 people 1 plumber 10 people

[0183] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0184] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a prefabricated computer room, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain parameter information of various components in the computer room, create basic families of various components based on the parameters of various components, and create basic models of various components. By setting or modifying the parameters of the basic model, you can obtain models of different specifications of components within the basic family of this basic model. After all component models are established, a model library is obtained. S2: Combining the model library in S1, complete the design of the pipe components in the computer room, obtain the model drawing of the pipe components in the computer room, and divide the pipe components into multiple prefabricated sections along the axial direction according to the model drawing of the pipe components; S3: Combining the model library in S1, complete the design of the pump set and pump set installation structure in the computer room, and obtain the model diagram of the pump set and pump set installation structure in the computer room. S4: Drawings of prefabricated sections of output pipe fittings, pump sets, and pump set installation structures; S5: Construct the machine room according to the drawings output in S4; In S2, the pipe components are divided into prefabricated sections according to the fixed area grid method. The division steps include: S21: Draw a fixed-area grid diagram according to the size of the computer room and the grid in the fixed-area grid diagram is a square grid. S22: Replace the model of the tubular component with lines that have the same distribution pattern as the tubular component; S23: Place lines located in the same plane within a fixed area grid diagram. The line portion of a tubular component within a square represents a prefabricated section of the tubular component.

2. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the manufacturer's component sample files and national standards are queried to extract the parameter information of various components. The various components in the computer room for which parameter information is obtained also include refrigeration and heat exchange equipment and valves.

3. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the pump set design includes the design of the water pump, the motor, the auxiliary piping of the water pump, and the auxiliary valves of the water pump.

4. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the pump set installation structure design includes the pump set counterweight structure design, frame structure design, frame weld design, and vibration damping structure design.

5. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S3, the counterweight structure design of the pump set includes welding steel plates of a set size into a steel plate frame according to the specifications of the water pump and motor in the pump set. The inside of the steel plate frame is welded into a steel mesh with steel bars. The ends of the steel mesh are fixedly connected to the side wall of the steel plate frame. The pre-embedded anchor bolts of the water pump are fixedly connected to the steel mesh. Finally, concrete is poured inside the steel plate frame.

6. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S3, the frame structure of the pump unit includes columns and beams, which are connected to form a cuboid frame structure. The strength of the columns in the frame structure design of the pump unit meets the following requirements: ； Where, σ max [σ] is the maximum pressure; [σ] is the maximum allowable stress of the column; S is the eccentricity; I x Let Y be the moment of inertia of the column cross section about the x-axis; max P is the distance from the point of maximum stress on the column cross-section to point O; t For the vertical force on the column; A x This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the column. The slenderness ratio of the column satisfies: ； Where, λ x L is the slenderness ratio of the column. c This is the calculated length of the column; The bending strength of the beam meets the following requirements: F=1.5M x / r x W x +1.5M y / r y W y ≤0.85f; Where F is the bending strength of the beam; r x r is the interfacial plasticity development coefficient along the x-axis; y M is the interfacial plasticity development coefficient along the y-axis; x M is the bending moment of the longitudinal section of the beam about the x-axis; y W is the bending moment of the longitudinal section of the beam about the y-axis; x W is the net section modulus of the longitudinal section of the beam along the x-axis; y is the net section modulus of the longitudinal section of the beam along the y-axis; f is the design value of the tensile strength of the beam material; The shear strength of the beam meets the following requirements: ； Where τ is the shear strength of the beam; V is the shear force acting along the web plane at the calculated section; S is the area moment of the gross section about the neutral axis at the calculated shear force location; I x Moment of inertia of gross section; t w f' is the web thickness; f' is the design value of the shear strength of the beam material; The slenderness ratio of the beam satisfies: ； λ y The slenderness ratio of the beam; A y L is the cross-sectional area of ​​the beam; c I is the calculated length of the beam. y Let be the moment of inertia of the beam interface about the y-axis.

7. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S3, the frame weld design meets the following requirements: ； σ f The stress is perpendicular to the length of the weld; N is the axial tensile or compressive force; h e The calculated thickness for fillet welds; l w f is the calculated length of the fillet weld. w f This refers to the design strength value for fillet welds; β f τ is the strength design value increase factor for the front fillet weld; f This represents the shear stress along the length of the weld.

8. The prefabricated computer room construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pipe components in S2 include pipes, cable trays, and ducts.

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