Water-cooling fire grate of biomass gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-cooling fire grate of a biomass gasification furnace. The water-cooling fire grate comprises a fire grate body, an ash tray, a base, an air inlet pipe and a cooling water tank, an inner cavity of the fire grate body is hollow, and cooling water is contained in the inner cavity. A water inlet and a water outlet for cooling water are formed in the fire grate body; the ash tray is arranged at the bottom of the fire grate body, and a static pressure chamber is arranged between the fire grate body and the ash tray; the base is arranged at the bottom of the ash tray and is rotationally connected with the ash tray; the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the base and the ash tray and then extends into the static pressure chamber; a plurality of air outlet holes communicated with the gasification furnace and the static pressure chamber are formed in the fire grate body; the cooling water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet. The cooling effect of the water-cooling fire grate is good, and the continuous operation time of the gasification furnace can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gasifiers, and more particularly to a water-cooled grate for a biomass gasifier. Background Art

[0002] A biomass gasifier is a device that converts biomass raw materials (such as wood chips, bamboo, rice husks, fruit shells and other agricultural and forestry waste) into combustible gas. The biomass raw materials enter the gasifier body through a conveying device and produce clean and environmentally friendly biomass gas through stages such as oxidation, reduction, pyrolysis, and drying. In order to achieve the gasification reaction, the gasifier needs to be provided with a blower to send air as a gasifying agent into the gasifier to participate in the reduction reaction.

[0003] The grate is an important part of the biomass gasifier, and the ash generated after the oxidation of the biomass raw materials in the gasifier is discharged in time by rotating relative to the gasifier body. At the same time, the air as the gasifying agent enters the gasifier body through the pores in the upper part of the grate to participate in the oxidation and reduction reactions, and this part of the air can also play a role in cooling the grate. However, in actual operation, there are some problems with conventional tower grates.

[0004] The structural design of the conventional tower grate has defects, and its top and side are directly in contact with the high-temperature oxidation layer of the biomass raw materials in the gasifier. Although the gasifying air can cool the grate to a certain extent, due to the characteristics of the grate structure, the gasifying air cannot effectively cool the top and side of the grate. This results in the top and side of the grate often being in a high-temperature state, prone to high-temperature deformation, and even burning out the grate in severe cases. This problem not only affects the normal operation of the biomass gasifier, but also causes the gasification heating system to shut down due to faults, thereby triggering production accidents or causing economic losses.

[0005] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to develop a water-cooled grate for a biomass gasifier with good cooling effect and capable of increasing the continuous operation time of the gasifier. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a water-cooled grate for a biomass gasifier with good cooling effect and capable of increasing the continuous operation time of the gasifier.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A water-cooled grate for a biomass gasifier, comprising:

[0009] A grate body, the inner cavity of the grate body is hollow, and cooling water is contained in the inner cavity; an inlet and an outlet for the cooling water are provided on the grate body;

[0010] Ash pan, the ash pan is arranged at the bottom of the grate body, and a static pressure chamber is provided between the grate body and the ash pan;

[0011] Base, the base is arranged at the bottom of the ash pan and is rotatably connected to the ash pan;

[0012] Air inlet pipe, the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the base and the ash pan and extends into the static pressure chamber; a plurality of air outlet holes communicating the gasifier and the static pressure chamber are arranged on the grate body;

[0013] Cooling water tank, the cooling water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; both the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are led into the static pressure chamber through the air inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: using cooling water as the cooling medium of the grate, the specific heat capacity of water is much larger than that of air, which can more effectively absorb the heat on the outer wall of the grate, prevent the grate from being burned out due to high temperature, improve the continuous operation time of the gasifier, and ensure the operation stability of the gasification system; a complete cooling water circulation system is formed through the cooling water tank, the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the hollow structure of the grate body, so that the cooling water can continuously take away the heat of the grate, maintain the overall temperature of the cooling water system at a relatively low level, and ensure the continuity and stability of the cooling effect.

[0015] Preferably, a rotary joint is arranged inside the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe. The rotary joint includes: a stator and a rotor. The stator is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe, and the rotor is rotatably connected to the stator; a stator inlet and a stator outlet are formed on the stator; a rotor inlet and a rotor outlet are arranged on the rotor; a liquid channel is arranged inside the stator and the rotor, and the stator inlet is communicated with the rotor inlet; the stator outlet is communicated with the rotor outlet. The setting of the rotary joint enables the flexible relative movement between the rotating pipe in the rotor and the fixed pipe in the stator in the cooling water system, solves the problem of the transportation of cooling water during the rotation of the grate, ensures that the cooling water can stably and continuously flow into and out of the grate body, and guarantees the normal operation of the cooling system.

[0016] Preferably, fixing fins are arranged between the stator and the inner wall of the air inlet pipe. The setting of the fixing fins increases the connection strength and stability between the stator and the inner wall of the air inlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the water inlet is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the grate body; the water outlet is opened at the top of the outer wall of the grate body, and a U-shaped connecting pipe is connected to the water outlet. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the water outlet, and the other end penetrates through the grate body and is connected to the rotor outlet. The water inlet is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the grate body, and the water outlet is opened at the top of the outer wall of the grate body. This setting enables the cooling water to enter from the bottom of the grate body and flow from bottom to top, fully cooling the outer wall of the grate body, especially the top, avoiding local overheating and melting of the top of the outer wall of the grate due to the dead angle of the cooling water circulation, and improving the cooling effect and service life of the grate.

[0018] Preferably, a first sealing barrel is sleeved on the outer wall of the air outlet pipe, and the top of the first sealing barrel is open; a second sealing barrel with both ends open is arranged at the bottom of the grate body. The bottom of the second sealing barrel is sleeved outside the air inlet pipe and extends into the first sealing barrel; the second sealing barrel rotates relative to the first sealing barrel; a static pressure chamber is formed between the second sealing barrel and the grate body.

[0019] Preferably, the first sealing barrel and the second sealing barrel are sealed with water at the insertion joint. By means of water sealing, the sealing performance at the insertion joint of the first sealing barrel and the second sealing barrel is further enhanced, effectively preventing the leakage of gas in the static pressure chamber, and improving the airtightness and safety of the entire gasification furnace system.

[0020] Preferably, a maintenance hole is opened on the side wall of the second sealing barrel, and a flange is hermetically connected to the maintenance hole. Opening a maintenance hole on the side wall of the second sealing barrel and hermetically connecting a flange provides a convenient maintenance passage for maintenance personnel.

[0021] Preferably, a rotating slide guide is arranged between the ash pan and the base.

[0022] Preferably, a cooling water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe.

[0023] Through the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a water-cooled grate of a biomass gasification furnace, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0024] (1) Using cooling water as the cooling medium of the grate, compared with the conventional grate using gasification air as the grate cooling medium, the specific heat capacity of water is much larger than that of air, and the cooling effect is better. It can effectively prevent the high-temperature burning of the outer wall of the grate, improve the continuous operation time of the entire gasification furnace, and ensure the stable operation of the gasification system;

[0025] (2) Using a cooling water tank as the cooling device for the cooling water can effectively reduce the temperature of the high-temperature cooling water coming out of the grate body, maintain the overall temperature of the cooling water system at a relatively low level, and ensure the cooling effect of the cooling water;

[0026] (3) Using a rotary joint as the connecting device between the rotating part and the fixed part of the pipeline of the cooling water system can enable the flexibility and sealing performance of the relative movement between the rotating pipeline and the fixed pipeline of the cooling water system, and ensure the operation effect of the entire cooling water system;

[0027] (4) Connecting a U-shaped connecting pipe at the water outlet of the grate body can ensure that the circulating cooling water in the water-cooled jacket is effectively cooled to the top of the outer wall of the water-cooled jacket, preventing the top of the outer wall of the water-cooled grate from being locally overheated and melted due to the dead angle of the cooling water circulation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water-cooled grate provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the water-cooled grate provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Provided by the present invention Figure 2 The cross-sectional view at A-A in

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling water circulation system provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary joint provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is an internal cross-sectional view of the rotary joint provided by the present invention.

[0035] Among them, in the figure,

[0036] 1 - Grate body;

[0037] 11 - Water inlet; 12 - Water outlet; 13 - Air outlet; 14 - Connecting pipe;

[0038] 2 - Ash pan; 3 - Static pressure chamber; 4 - Base; 5 - Air inlet pipe;

[0039] 6 - Cooling water tank;

[0040] 61 - Inlet pipe; 62 - Outlet pipe;

[0041] 7 - Rotary joint;

[0042] 71 - Stator; 72 - Rotor; 73 - Stator inlet; 74 - Stator outlet; 75 - Rotor inlet; 76 - Rotor outlet;

[0043] 8 - Fixed fin; 9 - First sealing barrel;

[0044] 10 - Second sealing barrel;

[0045] 101 - Inspection hole;

[0046] 011 - Rotating sliding guide; 012 - Cooling water pump. Specific embodiments

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a water - cooled grate of a biomass gasifier, including:

[0049] The grate body 1, the inner cavity of the grate body 1 is hollow, and cooling water is contained in the inner cavity; an inlet 11 and an outlet 12 for cooling water are provided on the grate body 1;

[0050] The ash pan 2, the ash pan 2 is arranged at the bottom of the grate body 1, and a static pressure chamber 3 is provided between the grate body 1 and the ash pan 2;

[0051] The base 4, the base 4 is arranged at the bottom of the ash pan 2 and is rotatably connected to the ash pan 4;

[0052] The air inlet pipe 5, the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 5 penetrates through the base 4 and the ash pan 2 and extends into the static pressure chamber 3; a plurality of air outlet holes 13 communicating the gasifier and the static pressure chamber 3 are provided on the grate body 1;

[0053] Cooling water tank 6, the cooling water tank 6 is connected with a water inlet pipe 61 and a water outlet pipe 62; both the water inlet pipe 61 and the water outlet pipe 62 are led into the static pressure chamber 3 from inside the air inlet pipe 5, the water inlet pipe 61 is communicated with the water inlet 11, and the water outlet pipe 62 is communicated with the water outlet 12. The gasified air enters the static pressure chamber 3 from the air inlet pipe 5. During the process of entering the static pressure chamber 3 from the air inlet pipe 5, the space for gas flow suddenly increases and the gas flow rate decreases. According to the Bernoulli equation principle, the static pressure of the gas increases, so that the air entering the static pressure chamber 3 is evenly distributed throughout the inside of the static pressure chamber 3; and the air outlet holes 13 are evenly arranged on the grate body 1 and penetrate through the grate body 1. The gasified air can enter the inside of the gasifier evenly from the static pressure chamber 3 through the air outlet holes 13 to participate in the gasification reaction of the biological raw materials.

[0054] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, a rotary joint 7 is arranged inside the outlet end of the air inlet pipe 5. The rotary joint 7 includes: a stator 71 and a rotor 72. The stator 71 is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe 5, and the rotor 72 is rotatably connected with the stator 71; a stator inlet 73 and a stator outlet 74 are opened on the stator 71; a rotor inlet 75 and a rotor outlet 76 are arranged on the rotor 72; a liquid channel is arranged inside the stator 71 and the rotor 72, and the stator inlet 73 is communicated with the rotor inlet 75; the stator outlet 74 is communicated with the rotor outlet 76.

[0055] As Figure 6 described, an annular groove is arranged at the position of the rotor 72 corresponding to the stator inlet 73, and the annular groove is communicated with the rotor inlet 75. The cooling water first enters the stator inlet 73, then enters the annular groove, and then enters the rotor inlet 75 from the annular groove; the connection between the stator outlet 74 and the rotor outlet 76 is similar; such a setting can ensure that the rotor 72 can rotate while not affecting the circulation of the cooling water.

[0056] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, fixing fins 8 are arranged between the inner wall of the stator 71 and the air inlet pipe 5.

[0057] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the water inlet 11 is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the grate body 1; the water outlet 12 is opened at the top of the outer wall of the grate body 1, and a U-shaped connecting pipe 14 is connected at the water outlet 12. One end of the connecting pipe 14 is connected with the water outlet 12, and the other end penetrates through the grate body 1 and is communicated with the rotor outlet 76. The cooling water flows inside the grate body 1 to cool the outer wall of the grate. The settings of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 positions of the grate body 1 can ensure that the outer wall of the grate is effectively cooled during the circulation of the cooling water, preventing the top of the outer wall of the grate from being locally overheated and melted due to the dead angle of the cooling water circulation.

[0058] To further optimize the above technical solution, the cooling water pump 012 is sequentially connected to the water inlet pipe 61, the rotary joint 7, the grate body 1, the rotary joint 7, the water outlet pipe 62, and the cooling water tank 6 to form a circulation loop. The cooling water pump 012 sends the low-temperature cooling water in the cooling water tank 6 to the bottom of the grate body 1. The low-temperature cooling water cools the outer wall of the grate from bottom to top in the cavity of the grate body 1, absorbs the heat of the outer wall of the grate and the temperature rises to become high-temperature cooling water. The high-temperature cooling water is discharged from the top of the grate body and returns to the cooling water tank 6 for heat dissipation, cooling the high-temperature cooling water to low temperature to complete the cooling water circulation.

[0059] To further optimize the above technical solution, a first sealing barrel 9 is sleeved on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 5, and the top of the first sealing barrel 9 is open; a second sealing barrel 10 with both ends open is provided at the bottom of the grate body 1. The bottom of the second sealing barrel 10 is sleeved outside the air inlet pipe 5 and extends into the inside of the first sealing barrel 9; the second sealing barrel 10 rotates relative to the first sealing barrel 9; a static pressure chamber 3 is formed between the second sealing barrel 10 and the grate body 1.

[0060] To further optimize the above technical solution, the first sealing barrel 9 and the second sealing barrel 10 are sealed with water at the insertion joint.

[0061] To further optimize the above technical solution, the grate body 1, the ash pan 2, the second sealing barrel 10, and the rotor can rotate; the first sealing barrel 9 and the second sealing barrel 10 are sealed with water, which can ensure that the grate body 1 can still rotate freely when the gas in the static pressure chamber 3 does not leak.

[0062] To further optimize the above technical solution, a maintenance hole 101 is opened on the side wall of the second sealing barrel 10, and a flange is hermetically connected to the maintenance hole 101.

[0063] To further optimize the above technical solution, a rotating slide guide 011 is provided between the ash pan 2 and the base 4. The rotating slide guide 011 is composed of two annular structures that are buckled up and down. An arc-shaped groove is provided at the buckling surface of the annular structures. The arc-shaped groove is arranged in a circle along the annular structure. A ball is arranged between the two circumferential structures, and the ball is placed in the arc-shaped grooves of the upper and lower annular structures. Due to the presence of the ball, the two annular structures can rotate, and the rotating slide guide 011 provided between the ash pan 2 and the base 4 enables the ash pan 2 to rotate.

[0064] To further optimize the above technical solution, a cooling water pump 012 is provided on the water inlet pipe 61.

[0065] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0066] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A water-cooled grate for a biomass gasifier, characterized in that, Comprising: A grate body, the inner cavity of the grate body is hollow, and cooling water is contained in the inner cavity; an inlet and an outlet for the cooling water are provided on the grate body; An ash pan, the ash pan is arranged at the bottom of the grate body, and a static pressure chamber is provided between the grate body and the ash pan; A base, the base is arranged at the bottom of the ash pan and is rotatably connected to the ash pan; An air inlet pipe, the outlet end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the base and the ash pan and extends into the static pressure chamber; a plurality of air outlet holes communicating the gasifier and the static pressure chamber are provided on the grate body; A cooling water tank, the cooling water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe both enter the static pressure chamber through the air inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the inlet, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the outlet.

2. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotary joint is arranged inside the outlet end of the air inlet pipe, and the rotary joint includes: a stator and a rotor, the stator is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe, and the rotor is rotatably connected with the stator; a stator inlet and a stator outlet are opened on the stator; a rotor inlet and a rotor outlet are arranged on the rotor; a liquid channel is arranged inside the stator and the rotor, and the stator inlet is communicated with the rotor inlet; the stator outlet is communicated with the rotor outlet.

3. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, Fixed fins are arranged between the stator and the inner wall of the air inlet pipe.

4. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, wherein, The inlet is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the grate body; the outlet is opened at the top of the outer wall of the grate body, and a U-shaped connecting pipe is connected to the outlet, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the outlet, and the other end penetrates through the grate body and is communicated with the rotor outlet.

5. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first sealing barrel is sleeved on the outer wall of the air outlet pipe, and the top of the first sealing barrel is open; the bottom of the grate body is provided with a second sealing barrel with both ends open, the bottom of the second sealing barrel is sleeved outside the air inlet pipe and extends into the inside of the first sealing barrel; the second sealing barrel rotates relative to the first sealing barrel; a static pressure chamber is formed between the second sealing barrel and the grate body.

6. The water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first sealing barrel and the second sealing barrel are sealed with water at the insertion part.

7. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 6, characterized in that, An inspection hole is opened on the side wall of the second sealing barrel, and a flange is hermetically connected to the inspection hole.

8. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating slide guide is arranged between the ash pan and the base.

9. A water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cooling water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe.

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