Hazardous waste pretreatment device and method
Through the combination of open pretreatment box, storage agitator and hydraulic grid, the problem of low pretreatment efficiency of hazardous waste is solved, efficient treatment of reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials is achieved, equipment jamming and manual cleaning workload is reduced, and processing efficiency and safety is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510785951.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the pretreatment efficiency of hazardous waste is low, especially the treatment efficiency of reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials, and the hardened materials are prone to clogging the equipment, resulting in a large amount of manual cleaning work.
The combination device of open pretreatment box, accommodating agitator, hydraulic grid and material retraction plate is adopted. Through the synergistic action of the agitating, cutting and material retraction mechanism, the simultaneous treatment of reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials is achieved. The hydraulic grid is used instead of the crusher for cutting, combining steam fire extinguishing and air suction systems to treat potential fires and poison gases.
It improves the treatment efficiency of hazardous waste, reduces manual operation costs and equipment blockage risks, realizes a safe and efficient pre-treatment process, and reduces material disposal costs.
Smart Images

Figure CN120394528A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, and particularly relates to a hazardous waste pretreatment device and method. Background Art
[0002] The statements herein only provide background art related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
[0003] Industrial hazardous waste refers to waste materials generated during industrial production processes. Such waste materials usually have obvious characteristics such as chemical reactivity, flammability and explosiveness, toxicity, corrosiveness, and disease infectivity. Therefore, most hazardous wastes need to be pre-treated before subsequent disposal. Currently, reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials are the main types of industrial hazardous waste. Among them, reactive materials are mostly liquid, usually reacting and swelling when mixed with water, alcohol, amine, or other materials to form solids, clogging pipelines and equipment, and also releasing heat that may cause spontaneous combustion and toxic gases at the same time; while another part of the materials are semi-solid viscous materials when they first come off the production line and will harden into a large block after being placed for a period of time.
[0004] In the prior art, when pre-treating reactive materials, in order to prevent them from reacting during the treatment process, manual small-packaging is usually adopted, and then they are fed into the incinerator separately for combustion. In this way, the feeding amount per lift is small, resulting in extremely low disposal efficiency; when treating semi-solid viscous materials, a crusher is usually used for crushing first and then incineration treatment. Due to the large mass of the hardened semi-solid viscous materials, the materials get stuck and stop several times when entering the crusher for crushing, and it is necessary for workers to enter the crusher bin for cleaning, with a large workload. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hazardous waste pretreatment device and method, which can realize the simultaneous treatment of reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials, as well as the cutting treatment of ton-packaged whole hardened materials, and improve the treatment efficiency of hazardous waste.
[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hazardous waste pretreatment device, including a pretreatment box body with an open top. An openable door is provided on one side of the pretreatment box body, and a discharge plate is arranged inside the side of the box body opposite to the openable door. The discharge plate is driven by a first hydraulic cylinder; a retractable stirrer is arranged on the top of the pretreatment box, a hydraulic grid capable of lifting is arranged above the pretreatment box, the hydraulic grid is driven by a second hydraulic cylinder to lift and lower, and an air suction hood is arranged above the hydraulic grid.
[0007] As a further technical solution, the retractable stirrer includes a bracket, a stirring motor, a stirring rod and stirring blades. Both ends of the bracket are slidably connected to the top of the side of the pretreatment box body. The stirring motor is fixed at the middle position of the bracket. The output shaft of the stirring motor passes through the bracket and is fixedly connected to the stirring rod. The bottom of the stirring rod is fixedly connected to the stirring blades.
[0008] As a further technical solution, the stirring rod is divided into two sections. The two sections of the stirring rod are connected by a plug-in structure and fixed by bolts.
[0009] As a further technical solution, T-shaped protrusions are provided at both ends of the bracket, and T-shaped chutes are provided at the top of the side of the pretreatment box body. The T-shaped protrusions slide in the T-shaped chutes.
[0010] As a further technical solution, the discharge plate is arranged parallel to the side of the pretreatment box body. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder passes through the side of the pretreatment box body and is fixedly connected to the center of the discharge plate.
[0011] As a further technical solution, at least two groups of second hydraulic cylinders are provided. The two groups of second hydraulic cylinders are arranged oppositely. The tops of the second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the hydraulic grid.
[0012] As a further technical solution, the hydraulic grid includes a rectangular frame. A plurality of transverse cutting plates and a plurality of longitudinal cutting plates are arranged in the rectangular frame. The transverse cutting plates and the longitudinal cutting plates are arranged alternately to form a mesh grid structure.
[0013] As a further technical solution, a receiving tray is arranged at the bottom in front of the openable door of the pretreatment box body.
[0014] As a further technical solution, a steam fire extinguishing device is further included. The steam fire extinguishing device is controlled according to the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor installed at the bottom of the pretreatment box body.
[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hazardous waste pretreatment method, including the following steps: Put the reactive material and the semi-solid viscous material into the pretreatment box body and add an appropriate amount of water; Use the retractable stirrer to stir the mixture in the pretreatment box body until it is evenly stirred; After the stirring is completed, move the retractable stirrer away. The second hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic grid to descend to the bottom. After the mixture in the grid solidifies, raise the hydraulic grid; Open the box door. The first hydraulic cylinder drives the discharge plate to push the divided material blocks into the receiving tray; When the smoke or temperature exceeds the standard, start the suction hood or the steam fire extinguishing device; Alternatively, after putting the solidified bulk material in a ton bag into the pretreatment box body, directly drive the hydraulic grid to descend through the second hydraulic cylinder to perform hydraulic cutting on the bulk material in the ton bag.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments of the present invention are as follows: (1) The hazardous waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention can simultaneously process reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials through the synergistic effect of the open box body, retractable stirrer, hydraulic grid, and material discharging mechanism. The open box body cooperates with the top suction hood to collect reaction exhaust gas in real time to avoid the diffusion of poisonous gas; the steam fire extinguishing system is interlocked with the temperature / smoke detector to quickly suppress the fire risk and effectively improve the disposal efficiency of hazardous waste and shorten the batch processing time.
[0017] (2) The hazardous waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention has a sliding stirrer that can freely switch between the "operation - avoidance" states. The support moves out of the operation area through the T-shaped chute to create a vertical space for the downward pressure of the hydraulic grid, eliminating the time-consuming link of disassembling the traditional fixed stirrer. The embedded fit of the T-shaped protrusion and the chute prevents the stirrer from shifting during operation and ensures the stirring stability of high-viscosity materials; the segmented plug-in structure of the stirring rod can store the lower stirring blades above the box body and can quickly replace the corroded or stuck lower half to avoid scrapping the whole rod.
[0018] (3) The hazardous waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention has a net-shaped hydraulic grid that is driven downward by a double-cylinder. The grid formed by the staggered horizontal and vertical cutting plates generates material blocks with compliant sizes with a single downward pressure, completely replacing the crusher; the downward pressure provided by the double cylinders can divide the solidified hard materials in a ton bag, directly saving the energy consumption of the crusher and the labor consumption caused by the crusher jamming, reducing the treatment cost of hazardous waste, and improving the disposal efficiency.
[0019] (4) The hazardous waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention has a material discharging plate that, under the drive of a hydraulic cylinder, pushes the solidified and cut materials in the box into the receiving tray. The divided blocks are directly pushed into the receiving tray in front of the door, avoiding manual handling. The entire unloading process saves time and effort and improves work efficiency.
[0020] (5) The hazardous waste treatment method provided by the present invention involves mixing reactive materials with viscous waste and then adding water to trigger a solidification reaction to inhibit local violent expansion. While the reactive materials solidify the viscous waste, their own toxicity / reactivity is simultaneously neutralized, achieving "treating waste with waste"; it can solve problems such as the safety, collection and treatment of toxic gases, and meeting the feeding size without crushing during the reaction process of reactive expansion materials and viscous semi-solid materials, reducing the safety and environmental protection risks during such reactions and the pretreatment and disposal process of materials, improving the disposal efficiency, and reducing the labor, packaging containers, and crushing costs of disposal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.
[0022] Figure 1 is a front view of the hazardous waste pretreatment device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the material discharging plate in the pretreatment box body of the present invention; Figure 3 is a top view of the hydraulic grid of the present invention; Figure 4 is a side view of the stirrable blade of the present invention; Figure 5 is a front view of the T-shaped protrusion provided at the end of the bracket of the present invention.
[0023] The schematic diagrams are only for illustration; wherein, 1, pretreatment box body; 101, openable door; 2, second hydraulic cylinder; 3, retractable stirrer; 301, bracket; 3011, T-shaped protrusion; 302, stirring motor; 303, stirring rod; 3031, first section; 3032, second section; 304, stirring blade; 4, hydraulic grid; 401, rectangular frame; 402, transverse cutting plate; 403, longitudinal cutting plate; 5, air suction hood; 6, air suction pipe; 7, first hydraulic cylinder; 8, material discharging plate; 9, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0024] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further explanations of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.
[0025] Embodiment 1 In a typical implementation manner of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 5 shown, a hazardous waste pretreatment device is provided, including a pretreatment box body 1, the top of the pretreatment box body 1 is provided with an open top, an openable door 101 is provided on one side surface of the pretreatment box body 1, a material discharging plate 8 is arranged inside the side surface of the box body opposite to the openable door 101, and the material discharging plate 8 is driven by a first hydraulic cylinder 7; a retractable stirrer 3 is arranged at the top of the pretreatment box, a hydraulic grid 4 capable of lifting is arranged above the pretreatment box, the hydraulic grid 4 is driven by a second hydraulic cylinder 2 to lift, and an air suction hood 5 is arranged above the hydraulic grid 4.
[0026] The above-mentioned hazardous waste pretreatment device can simultaneously process reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials, as well as cut hardened bulk materials in ton bags. Through the open box body cooperating with the top suction hood 5, the reaction exhaust gas can be collected in real time; the hydraulic grid 4 presses down to replace the die splitting and can also replace the crusher for cutting treatment, eliminating the risk of hardening material jamming. At the same time, the stirrer 3 can be quickly removed from the box body after stirring to make room for the hydraulic grid 4 to press down, enabling seamless connection of the stirring, splitting, and discharging processes, improving the treatment efficiency of hazardous waste. The design of the discharge plate 8 enables the solidified material to be directly pushed out. After being split by the hydraulic grid 4, the material size is uniform, meeting the requirements of incineration feeding and saving crushing energy consumption.
[0027] In this embodiment, the pretreatment box body 1 is a rectangular box body made of stainless steel. A chute is arranged at the top of the pretreatment box body 1, and the material to be reacted flows into the box body by gravity through the chute. An openable door 101 is arranged on one side of the pretreatment box body 1. The openable door 101 is connected to the box body through a hinge and can be opened after the material is solidified. A receiving tray is arranged at the bottom in front of the openable door 101 of the pretreatment box body 1, and the receiving tray is used to receive the cut material. Alternatively, when processing the whole hardened block material, the openable door 101 can be opened and the material can be directly placed in by a forklift.
[0028] As Figure 2 shown, the discharge plate 8 is arranged parallel to the side surface of the pretreatment box body 1. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 passes through the side surface of the pretreatment box body 1 and is fixedly connected to the center of the discharge plate 8. The discharge plate 8 is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder 7 to move horizontally, so as to push the cut material in the pretreatment box body 1 into the receiving tray. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is directly connected to the center of the discharge plate 8, and the thrust distribution is uniform, avoiding jamming caused by material eccentric loading. Further, the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixed by a base 9, and a double lip seal is adopted at the position where the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 passes through the box body side wall to block the infiltration of hazardous waste into the hydraulic system and extend the service life of the hydraulic cylinder. The parallel clearance between the discharge plate 8 and the box body side surface is ≤1 mm, which not only reduces material residue but also reduces frictional resistance.
[0029] In this embodiment, at least two groups of second hydraulic cylinders 2 are provided, and the two groups of second hydraulic cylinders 2 are arranged oppositely. The top of the second hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic grid 4. The two groups of hydraulic cylinders provide a downward pressure for the hydraulic grid 4, enabling the hydraulic grid 4 to split the solidified hard block material.
[0030] As Figure 3As shown, the hydraulic grid 4 includes a rectangular frame 401. Multiple transverse cutting plates 402 and multiple longitudinal cutting plates 403 are arranged inside the rectangular frame 401. The transverse cutting plates 402 and the longitudinal cutting plates 403 are arranged alternately to form a mesh grid structure. Specifically, both the transverse cutting plates 402 and the longitudinal cutting plates 403 are made of high-strength steel plates. The bottom of the steel plates can be sharpened to ensure the cutting effect. In addition, the height of the hydraulic grid 4 matches the height inside the pretreatment box 1 to ensure that through-cutting in the height direction of the materials inside the pretreatment box 1 is achieved, and the block cutting of the materials is realized.
[0031] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the retractable stirrer 3 includes a bracket 301, a stirring motor 302, a stirring rod 303 and stirring blades. Both ends of the bracket 301 are slidably connected to the top of the side of the pretreatment box 1. The stirring motor 302 is fixed at the middle position of the bracket 301. The output shaft of the stirring motor 302 passes through the bracket 301 and is fixedly connected to the stirring rod 303. The bottom of the stirring rod 303 is fixedly connected with the stirring blades.
[0032] Further, the stirring rod 303 is divided into two sections, including the first section 3031 of the stirring rod 303 and the second section 3032 of the stirring rod. The two sections of the stirring rod 303 are connected by a plug-in structure and fixed by bolts. The height of the first section 3031 is less than the distance from the bracket 301 to the top of the pretreatment box 1. After stirring is completed, the bolts are loosened, and the second section 3032 of the stirring rod 303 can rotate around the connection position, so that the second section 3032 of the stirring rod 303 is rotated above the pretreatment box 1, and the bracket 301 and the stirring rod 303 can slide out from the top of the pretreatment box 1, avoiding the influence of the retractable stirrer 3 on the pressing process of the hydraulic grid 4. In addition, when the stirring blades are damaged, they can be replaced in time through the second section 3032 of the stirring plate. To improve the stirring effect, multiple groups of stirring blades are arranged on the second section 3032 of the stirring rod 303 from top to bottom.
[0033] As Figure 5 shown, T-shaped protrusions 3011 are arranged at both ends of the bracket 301, and T-shaped chutes are arranged at the top of the side of the pretreatment box 1. The T-shaped protrusions 3011 slide in the T-shaped chutes. The embedded fit of the T-shaped protrusions 3011 and the T-shaped chutes prevents the stirrer from shifting during stirring. The stirrer is installed above the top of the pretreatment box 1 through the bracket 301, which is convenient for disassembling the stirrer from above the pretreatment box 1 when stirring is not required.
[0034] In this embodiment, the upper part of the suction hood 5 is connected to the suction pipe 6. A deodorizing fan is installed on the suction pipe 6, and the motor of the deodorizing fan is a variable-frequency motor, which is controlled by a PLC and an inverter. When the stirring motor 302 starts, the deodorizing fan supporting the suction hood 5 is interlocked. When the stirring motor 302 starts, the deodorizing fan runs at a low frequency. A smoke detector is installed above the pretreatment tank. When a chemical reaction occurs during material stirring and gas is generated, the smoke detector emits a signal and feeds it back to the PLC control module to achieve high-frequency operation of the deodorizing fan.
[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a steam fire extinguishing device, and the steam fire extinguishing device is controlled according to the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor installed at the bottom of the pretreatment tank body 1. For example, when the detected temperature exceeds a temperature rise of 40 °C, the steam fire extinguishing pneumatic valve is interlocked to open, and at the same time, a high-temperature signal is sent out and fed back to the PLC control module to achieve high-frequency operation of the deodorizing fan, and quickly collect the generated soot into the deodorization system.
[0036] To improve the automation of the device, a radar level gauge is installed above the pretreatment tank body 1. Specifically, the radar level gauge can be installed on the bracket 301 of the stirrer. The material enters the pretreatment tank body 1 by gravity through a chute. When the liquid level reaches the set upper limit level, the mixer is automatically started. After the stirring is completed, the operator turns off the stirring motor 302 and pushes the stirring motor 302 backward through the track. When it moves backward to the limit switch, an instruction signal is sent out, and the hydraulic pump is interlocked to start. The hydraulic grid 4 installed in the pretreatment tank body 1 is pressed down by the second hydraulic cylinder 2 to divide the material in the tank. One magnetic switch (rising end and pressing end) is installed at the front and rear ends of the second hydraulic cylinder 2 respectively, which is used to detect the position change of the cylinder when it rises and presses down. When the magnetic switch detects that it has been pressed to the bottom, after a 3-second delay, the cylinder automatically rises. When the cylinder rises to the rising-end magnetic switch, the hydraulic pump is interlocked to stop.
[0037] When the pretreatment tank body 1 is opened and the hydraulic pump starts, the discharge plate 8 installed on the inner wall of the tank body, i.e., on the opposite side of the front door, is pushed by the first hydraulic cylinder 7 to push the divided material into the receiving tray. Similarly, one magnetic switch is installed at the front and rear ends of the cylinder respectively, which is used to detect the position change of the cylinder. When the magnetic switch detects that the cylinder reaches the frontmost end, that is, after the discharge plate 8 has pushed out all the materials, the cylinder automatically retracts. When the cylinder retracts to the rear-end magnetic switch, the hydraulic pump is interlocked to stop.
[0038] The working process of the above hazardous waste pretreatment device is as follows: Put the reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials into the pretreatment box body, and add an appropriate amount of water; use a retractable stirrer to stir the mixture in the pretreatment box body until it is evenly stirred; after the stirring is completed, remove the retractable stirrer, and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic grid to descend to the bottom. After the mixture in the grid solidifies, raise the hydraulic grid; since the solidified product after the reaction does not stick to the container wall, it can be directly demolded; open the box door, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the discharge plate to push the divided material blocks into the receiving tray; when the smoke or temperature exceeds the standard, start the suction hood or steam fire extinguishing device; or, put the hardened whole ton-packaged material into the pretreatment box body, and directly drive the hydraulic grid to descend through the second hydraulic cylinder to perform hydraulic cutting on the whole ton-packaged material.
[0039] The hazardous waste pretreatment device provided by this embodiment can realize the simultaneous treatment of reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials and the cutting treatment of the hardened whole ton-packaged material. During use, put the reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials into the pretreatment box for mixing, then add an appropriate amount of water for stirring, and use the reactive materials to solidify the semi-solid viscous materials, turning them into solid hazardous waste while eliminating the reactivity of the reactive materials and diluting the content of acidic elements in the materials. At the same time, using the dangerous characteristics of the reaction between the reactive materials and water, adding an appropriate amount of water after the materials are mixed can ensure the complete elimination of the dangerous characteristics of the reactive materials, improve the reaction rate, and the reaction product of the water-added materials does not stick to the container wall, improving the reuse efficiency of the pretreatment box body 1, solving the problem of the safe pretreatment of viscous materials and reactive materials, improving the pretreatment work efficiency, reducing the content of acidic elements, improving the compatibility efficiency, reducing the disposal risk and cost of the materials, and achieving the effect of treating waste with waste.
[0040] Embodiment 2 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a hazardous waste pretreatment method is provided, including the following steps: Put the reactive materials and semi-solid viscous materials into the pretreatment box body, and add an appropriate amount of water; Use a retractable stirrer to stir the mixture in the pretreatment box body until it is evenly stirred; After the stirring is completed, remove the retractable stirrer, and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic grid to descend to the bottom. After the mixture in the grid solidifies, raise the hydraulic grid; Open the box door, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the discharge plate to push the divided material blocks into the receiving tray; When the smoke or temperature exceeds the standard, start the suction hood or steam fire extinguishing device; Or, put the hardened whole ton-packaged material into the pretreatment box body, and directly drive the hydraulic grid to descend through the second hydraulic cylinder to perform hydraulic cutting on the whole ton-packaged material.
[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hazardous waste pretreatment device, characterized in that, It includes a pretreatment box body. The top of the pretreatment box body is open. An openable door is provided on one side of the pretreatment box body. A discharge plate is arranged inside the side of the box body opposite to the openable door, and the discharge plate is driven by a first hydraulic cylinder; A retractable stirrer is arranged on the top of the pretreatment box. A hydraulic grid capable of lifting is arranged above the pretreatment box. The hydraulic grid is driven by a second hydraulic cylinder to lift and lower. An air suction hood is arranged above the hydraulic grid.
2. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein The retractable stirrer includes a bracket, a stirring motor, a stirring rod and stirring blades. The two ends of the bracket are slidably connected to the top of the side of the pretreatment box body. The stirring motor is fixed in the middle of the bracket. The output shaft of the stirring motor passes through the bracket and is fixedly connected to the stirring rod. The bottom of the stirring rod is fixedly connected with the stirring blades.
3. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, wherein The stirring rod is divided into two sections. The two sections of the stirring rod are connected by a plug-in structure and fixed by bolts.
4. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, wherein T-shaped protrusions are arranged at both ends of the bracket, and T-shaped chutes are arranged at the top of the side of the pretreatment box body. The T-shaped protrusions slide in the T-shaped chutes.
5. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that The discharge plate is arranged parallel to the side of the pretreatment box body. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder passes through the side of the pretreatment box body and is fixedly connected to the center of the discharge plate.
6. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein At least two groups of second hydraulic cylinders are provided. The two groups of second hydraulic cylinders are arranged oppositely. The top of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the hydraulic grid.
7. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein The hydraulic grid includes a rectangular frame. A plurality of transverse cutting plates and a plurality of longitudinal cutting plates are arranged inside the rectangular frame. The transverse cutting plates and the longitudinal cutting plates are arranged alternately to form a mesh grid structure.
8. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A receiving tray is arranged at the bottom in front of the openable door of the pretreatment box body.
9. The hazardous waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a steam fire extinguishing device, and the steam fire extinguishing device is controlled according to the temperature signal collected by a temperature sensor installed at the bottom of the pretreatment box body.
10. A hazardous waste pretreatment method, which is implemented by using the hazardous waste pretreatment device described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Put the reactive material and the semi-solid viscous material into the pretreatment box body and add an appropriate amount of water; Use the retractable stirrer to stir the mixture in the pretreatment box body until it is evenly stirred; After the stirring is completed, move the retractable stirrer away. The second hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic grid to descend to the bottom. After the mixture in the grid solidifies, raise the hydraulic grid; Open the box door, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the discharge plate to push the divided material blocks into the receiving tray; When the smoke or temperature exceeds the standard, start the air suction hood or the steam fire extinguishing device; Or, after putting the hardened ton-packaged whole block material into the pretreatment box body, directly drive the hydraulic grid to descend by the second hydraulic cylinder to perform hydraulic cutting on the ton-packaged whole block material.