Multi-stage anti-splashing device capable of adjusting spacing and aperture for laser welding

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding equipment, and discloses a multi-stage anti-splashing device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture, which comprises a fixing mechanism, a shielding mechanism and a blowing mechanism. When the interval and aperture adjustable multistage anti-splashing device for laser welding is connected to an external device, the second light transmission space and the first light transmission space form a through hole allowing a laser beam to penetrate through in the first direction, so that the laser beam can smoothly irradiate a welding position, the size of the second light transmission space is adjustable, and the laser welding efficiency is improved. The device can be adjusted to the minimum aperture meeting the welding operation requirement according to the welding process parameters and the laser beam swing range, and therefore splashes generated in the welding process are blocked to the maximum extent. The sweeping mechanism can sweep splashes passing through the second light passing space or splashes entering the sweeping range of the sweeping mechanism from other directions, and the situation that the splashes pollute and damage the laser head protection lens is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, and in particular to a multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding technology is widely used in professional fields such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, and electronic equipment production due to its advantages of high precision, high energy density, and small heat-affected zone. During the laser welding process, due to the highly concentrated laser energy, spatter phenomenon will inevitably occur during the melting and solidification stages of metal materials. The spatter is likely to adhere to the protective lens or copper mirror of the laser welding equipment, affecting the service life of the protective lens or copper mirror. For electronic equipment welding, tiny spatter may invade the internal of precision electronic components, seriously affecting the quality and performance of precision electronic component products.

[0003] The current application scenarios of laser welding technology are mostly for welding in the flat position. The spatter height is inhibited by gravity. With the progress of laser-related technologies, the application fields and scenarios of laser welding technology are becoming more and more extensive and in-depth. Taking the welding of long-distance oil and gas pipelines as an example, the welding position needs to be welded from the top to the bottom, and the welding trajectory is a 180-degree semi-circle. Especially in the interval from vertical welding (3 o'clock direction or 9 o'clock direction) to overhead welding (6 o'clock direction), at this time, the molten pool flows downward under the influence of gravity, and the spatter is more intense. In this spatter state, the traditional air knife protection structure cannot achieve an effective anti-spatter effect, resulting in the pollution and damage of the protective lens of the laser head, restricting the further promotion of the application scenarios of laser welding technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture, so as to solve the problem that the existing air knife anti-spatter method for laser welding cannot effectively suppress the intense spatter of spatter in the full-position welding of pipelines, especially in the vertical welding and overhead welding positions, resulting in the pollution and damage of the protective lens of the laser head.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture, which includes:

[0007] A fixing mechanism, on which a first light-passing space is provided, and the fixing mechanism can be connected to external equipment;

[0008] A shielding mechanism, which is connected to the fixing mechanism. A second light-passing space is provided on the shielding mechanism. The second light-passing space and the first light-passing space form a passage for light to pass through in a first direction, and the size of the second light-passing space is adjustable;

[0009] A purging mechanism, which is connected to the fixing mechanism and configured to purge splashes.

[0010] Optionally, the purging mechanism is an air knife, which includes an air knife base and an air knife cover plate. The air knife base and the air knife cover plate are clamped to form an air outlet, and the air outlet is a V-shaped air outlet with an opening facing the side where the second light-transmitting space is located.

[0011] Optionally, the air knife base is provided with an air inlet hole, an air distribution hole, and a plurality of air guide holes. The air distribution hole is communicated with the air inlet hole. The plurality of air guide holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the air knife base, and each air guide hole communicates the air distribution hole and the air outlet.

[0012] Optionally, the shielding mechanism is an adjustable aperture, and the second light-transmitting space is located at the center of the adjustable aperture.

[0013] Optionally, the adjustable aperture includes an aperture fixing plate, an aperture rotating plate, an aperture blade group, and an aperture cover plate. The aperture rotating plate is movably connected to the aperture fixing plate. The aperture blade group includes a plurality of aperture blades, and the plurality of aperture blades are respectively slidably connected to the aperture rotating plate. The aperture blades are hinged to the aperture cover plate, and the plurality of aperture blades enclose to form the second light-transmitting space. The aperture cover plate is fixedly connected to the aperture fixing plate.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of the shielding mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the first direction, a plurality of the purging mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the shielding mechanisms and the purging mechanisms are alternately arranged at intervals along the first direction.

[0015] Optionally, a guiding component is arranged on the fixing mechanism. The guiding component extends along the first direction. The shielding mechanism is connected to the guiding component, and the position of the shielding mechanism on the guiding component is adjustable along the first direction. The purging mechanism is connected to the guiding component, and the position of the purging mechanism on the guiding component is adjustable.

[0016] Optionally, the shielding mechanism includes a first connecting seat, which is arranged on the shielding mechanism and movably connected to the guiding component. The purging mechanism includes a second connecting seat, which is arranged on the purging mechanism and movably connected to the guiding component.

[0017] Optionally, a first fastener is arranged on the first connecting seat for fixing the shielding mechanism to the guiding component, and a second fastener is arranged on the second connecting seat for fixing the purging mechanism to the guiding component.

[0018] Optionally, the guiding assembly includes a plurality of guiding columns, and the plurality of guiding columns extend along the first direction.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention provides a multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture, including a fixing mechanism, a shielding mechanism, and a purging mechanism. The fixing mechanism is provided with a first light-passing space, and the fixing mechanism can be connected to an external device. The shielding mechanism is provided with a second light-passing space, and the second light-passing space and the first light-passing space form a passage for light to pass through in the first direction, and the size of the second light-passing space is adjustable. The purging mechanism is connected to the fixing mechanism, and the purging mechanism is configured to purge spatter. When the multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture is connected to an external device, such as the laser head part of a laser welding device, the second light-passing space and the first light-passing space form a through hole for the laser beam to pass through in the first direction, so that the laser beam can be smoothly irradiated to the welding position, and the size of the second light-passing space is adjustable, and can be adjusted to the minimum aperture that meets the welding operation requirements according to the welding process parameters and the laser beam swing range, thereby maximizing the blocking of spatter generated during welding. The purging mechanism can purge spatter passing through the second light-passing space or spatter entering the purging range of the purging mechanism from other directions, avoiding the pollution and damage of the protective lens of the laser head caused by spatter. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the shielding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the air knife according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the air knife according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the air knife base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1. Fixing mechanism; 11. First light-passing space; 12. Guide component; 121. Guide post; 2. Shielding mechanism; 21. Second light-passing space; 22. Aperture fixing plate; 23. Aperture rotating plate; 24. Aperture plate group; 25. Aperture cover plate; 26. First connecting seat; 261. First fastener; 3. Purge mechanism; 31. Air knife base; 311. Air inlet hole; 312. Air distribution hole; 313. Air guide hole; 32. Air knife cover plate; 33. Air outlet; 34. Second connecting seat; 341. Second fastener. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature not being in direct contact but being in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above", and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below", and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and through specific implementation manners.

[0032] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture, including a fixing mechanism 1, a shielding mechanism 2, and a purging mechanism 3. A first light-passing space 11 is provided on the fixing mechanism 1. The fixing mechanism 1 can be connected to an external device, such as the laser head part of a laser welding device. Exemplarily, the fixing mechanism 1 can be a fixed mounting plate, which is connected to the external device by bolts. The fixing mechanism 1 can also be a fixed mounting bracket. The structure and form of the fixing mechanism 1 are correspondingly improved according to the structure and form of the laser head in actual applications, which will not be elaborated here. A second light-passing space 21 is provided on the shielding mechanism 2. The second light-passing space 21 and the first light-passing space 11 form a passage for light to pass through in the first direction (X direction in the figure), and the size of the second light-passing space 21 is adjustable. The purging mechanism 3 is connected to the fixing mechanism 1 and is configured to purge spatter.

[0033] When the multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture is connected to an external device, such as the laser head part of a laser welding device, the second light-passing space 21 and the first light-passing space 11 form a through hole for the laser beam to pass through in the first direction, so that the laser beam can smoothly irradiate the welding position. Moreover, the size of the second light-passing space 21 is adjustable and can be adjusted to the minimum aperture that meets the welding operation requirements according to the welding process parameters and the laser beam swing range, thereby blocking the spatter generated during welding to the greatest extent. The purging mechanism 3 can purge the spatter passing through the second light-passing space 21 or the spatter entering the purging range of the purging mechanism 3 from other directions, avoiding the pollution and damage of the laser head protection lens caused by the spatter.

[0034] In one embodiment, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the purging mechanism 3 is an air knife, which can form a high-strength linear purging air flow to purge the spatter over a large area, improving the purging effect on the spatter.

[0035] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown, the air knife includes an air knife base 31 and an air knife cover 32. The air knife base 31 and the air knife cover 32 are clamped to form an air outlet 33. The air outlet 33 is a V-shaped air outlet with an opening facing the side where the second light-passing space 21 is located. The V-shaped air outlet makes the thickness of the linear air flow blown by the air knife larger, further improving the purging effect of the air knife on the spatter.

[0036] Furthermore, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, the air knife base 31 is provided with an air inlet hole 311, an air distribution hole 312, and a plurality of air guide holes 313. The plurality of air guide holes 313 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the air knife base 31. Each air guide hole 313 is communicated with the air distribution hole 312 and the air outlet 33. The air inlet hole 311 is connected to an external air pipe. After the gas enters from the air inlet hole 311, it is shunted through the air distribution hole 312 and enters the air guide holes 313. After the gas flows out of the air guide holes 313, it enters the air outlet 33, forming a sheet-shaped blowing air flow to realize the blowing function of the splashes. Different from the traditional air knife structure, the air knife in this embodiment includes a plurality of air guide holes 313. The mixing of the air flows in the multiple air guide holes 313 makes the pressure and flow rate of the sheet-shaped air flow blown by the air knife more uniform, and the blowing effect on the splashes is more effective.

[0037] Optionally, the air distribution hole 312 also has an opening facing one side of the air knife base 31, and the opening is closed by a plug. By setting the opening, it is more convenient for the processing of the air distribution hole 312. It can be understood that the blowing mechanism 3 can also be a vortex tube or an air nozzle, which will not be elaborated here.

[0038] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the shielding mechanism 2 is an adjustable aperture. The second light-passing space 21 is located at the center of the adjustable aperture. The adjustable aperture structure makes it more convenient to adjust the size of the second light-passing space 21.

[0039] Furthermore, the adjustable aperture includes an aperture fixing plate 22, an aperture rotating plate 23, an aperture plate group 24, and an aperture cover plate 25 that are sequentially connected in a first direction. The aperture rotating plate 23 is movably connected to the aperture fixing plate 22. A plurality of slots are formed on the aperture rotating plate 23. The aperture plate group 24 includes a plurality of aperture plates. Each aperture plate is provided with a through hole and a first convex rod. The aperture cover plate 25 is provided with a plurality of second convex rods. Each aperture plate is hinged to the aperture cover plate 25 through the through hole and the second convex rod. The first convex rod on the aperture plate can slide in the slot on the aperture rotating plate 23, realizing the sliding connection of the plurality of aperture plates with the aperture rotating plate 23 respectively. The plurality of aperture plates enclose to form the second light-passing space 21. By rotating the aperture rotating plate 23, the size of the second light-passing space 21 can be adjusted. The shielding mechanism 2 can also be a double aperture, which will not be elaborated here.

[0040] Furthermore, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a plurality of shielding mechanisms 2 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and a plurality of purging mechanisms 3 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The shielding mechanisms 2 and the purging mechanisms 3 are alternately arranged at intervals along the first direction. The plurality of shielding mechanisms 2 and the plurality of purging mechanisms 3 form a multi-layer protection barrier for the laser head protection lens of the laser welding equipment. The shielding mechanisms 2 and the purging mechanisms 3 are alternately arranged at intervals along the first direction. The air flow mixing of the multiple air guide holes 313 makes the pressure and flow rate of the sheet-shaped air flow blown by the air knife more uniform, and the purging effect on the spatter is more effective. With the second light-passing space 21 with adjustable size, it is adjusted to the minimum aperture that meets the welding operation requirements according to the welding process parameters and the laser beam swing range, forming multiple protections of blocking and purging of the spatter in the first direction, thereby maximizing the blocking of the spatter generated during welding, making the multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture provided in this embodiment particularly suitable for all-position welding of pipelines.

[0041] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown in the figure, a guiding component 12 is arranged on the fixing mechanism 1. The guiding component 12 extends along the first direction. The shielding mechanism 2 is connected to the guiding component 12, and the position of the shielding mechanism 2 on the guiding component 12 is adjustable along the first direction. The purging mechanism 3 is connected to the guiding component 12, and the position of the purging mechanism 3 on the guiding component 12 is adjustable. By adjusting the positions of the shielding mechanism 2 or the purging mechanism 3 on the guiding component 12, the multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture can adapt to different welding scenarios and different welding angles in the same welding scenario, improving the working condition adaptability of the device.

[0042] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown in the figure, the shielding mechanism 2 includes a first connecting seat 26. The first connecting seat 26 is arranged on the shielding mechanism 2, and the first connecting seat 26 is movably connected to the guiding component 12 to realize the adjustable position of the shielding mechanism 2 along the first direction. The purging mechanism 3 includes a second connecting seat 34. The second connecting seat 34 is arranged on the purging mechanism 3, and the second connecting seat 34 is movably connected to the guiding component 12 to realize the adjustable position of the purging mechanism 3 along the first direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first connecting seat 26 is slidably connected to the guiding component 12, and the second connecting seat 34 is slidably connected to the guiding component 12. The sliding connection method makes the position adjustment of the shielding mechanism 2 or the purging mechanism 3 more stable.

[0043] Furthermore, a first fastener 261 is arranged on the first connecting seat 26. The first fastener 261 is used to fix the shielding mechanism 2 to the guiding component 12. A second fastener 341 is arranged on the second connecting seat 34. The second fastener 341 is used to fix the purging mechanism 3 to the guiding component 12. The first fastener 261 and the second fastener 341 can be set screws or clamps, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0044] Exemplarily, the guiding assembly 12 includes a plurality of guiding columns 121, and the plurality of guiding columns 121 extend along the first direction. The shielding mechanism 2 is connected to the plurality of guiding columns 121, making the connection between the shielding mechanism 2 and the fixing mechanism 1 more stable. When adjusting the position of the shielding mechanism 2, the adjustment process of the shielding mechanism 2 can be made smoother. The purging mechanism 3 is connected to at least two guiding columns 121, making the connection between the purging mechanism 3 and the fixing mechanism 1 more stable. When adjusting the position of the purging mechanism 3, the adjustment process of the purging mechanism 3 can be made smoother. In this embodiment, the guiding assembly 12 includes four guiding columns 121, and the four guiding columns 121 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the fixing mechanism 1. The shielding mechanism 2 or the purging mechanism 3 can be quickly assembled and disassembled through the guiding columns 121. When the anti-splash effect does not meet the requirements or there is excessive protection, the number of protection layers can be quickly increased or decreased to optimize the anti-splash effect.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture, characterized in that, Comprising: A fixing mechanism (1) is provided with a first light-passing space (11), and the fixing mechanism (1) can be connected to an external device; A shielding mechanism (2) is connected to the fixing mechanism (1), the shielding mechanism (2) is provided with a second light-passing space (21), and the second light-passing space (21) and the first light-passing space (11) form a passage for light to pass through in a first direction, and the size of the second light-passing space (21) is adjustable; A purging mechanism (3) is connected to the fixing mechanism (1), and the purging mechanism (3) is configured to purge splashes.

2. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purging mechanism (3) is an air knife, and the air knife includes an air knife base (31) and an air knife cover plate (32). The air knife base (31) and the air knife cover plate (32) are clamped to form an air outlet (33), and the air outlet (33) is a V-shaped air outlet with an opening facing the side where the second light-passing space (21) is located.

3. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air knife base (31) is provided with an air inlet hole (311), an air distribution hole (312) and a plurality of air guide holes (313). The air distribution hole (312) is communicated with the air inlet hole (311). The plurality of air guide holes (313) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the air knife base (31), and each air guide hole (313) communicates the air distribution hole (312) and the air outlet (33).

4. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding mechanism (2) is an adjustable aperture, and the second light-passing space (21) is located at the center of the adjustable aperture.

5. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustable aperture includes an aperture fixing plate (22), an aperture rotating plate (23), an aperture blade group (24) and an aperture cover plate (25). The aperture rotating plate (23) is movably connected to the aperture fixing plate (22). The aperture blade group (24) includes a plurality of aperture blades. The plurality of aperture blades are respectively slidably connected to the aperture rotating plate (23). The aperture blades are hinged to the aperture cover plate (25). The plurality of aperture blades enclose to form the second light-passing space (21), and the aperture cover plate (25) is fixedly connected to the aperture fixing plate (22).

6. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of the shielding mechanisms (2) are arranged at intervals along the first direction, a plurality of the purging mechanisms (3) are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the shielding mechanisms (2) and the purging mechanisms (3) are alternately arranged at intervals along the first direction.

7. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guiding component (12) is arranged on the fixing mechanism (1). The guiding component (12) extends along the first direction. The shielding mechanism (2) is connected to the guiding component (12), and the position of the shielding mechanism (2) on the guiding component (12) is adjustable along the first direction. The purging mechanism (3) is connected to the guiding component (12), and the position of the purging mechanism (3) on the guiding component (12) is adjustable.

8. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shielding mechanism (2) includes a first connecting seat (26). The first connecting seat (26) is disposed on the shielding mechanism (2), and the first connecting seat (26) is movably connected to the guiding component (12). The purging mechanism (3) includes a second connecting seat (34). The second connecting seat (34) is disposed on the purging mechanism (3), and the second connecting seat (34) is movably connected to the guiding component (12).

9. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first fastener (261) is provided on the first connecting seat (26). The first fastener (261) is used to fix the shielding mechanism (2) to the guiding component (12). A second fastener (341) is provided on the second connecting seat (34). The second fastener (341) is used to fix the purging mechanism (3) to the guiding component (12).

10. The multi-stage anti-spatter device for laser welding with adjustable spacing and aperture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guiding component (12) includes a plurality of guiding columns (121). The plurality of guiding columns (121) extend along the first direction.

Images