Diesel engine waste gas energy recycling system

Abstract

The invention discloses a diesel engine waste gas energy recycling system which comprises a waste gas circulation pipeline communicated with a diesel engine and used for waste gas to enter, and further comprises a diesel engine gas inlet pipeline and a diesel engine oil inlet pipeline, and one end of the diesel engine gas inlet pipeline and one end of the diesel engine oil inlet pipeline are both communicated with a heat supply mechanism. The other end of the heat supply mechanism is communicated with the input end of the diesel engine, and the heat supply mechanism is further communicated with a waste gas circulation pipeline. Waste gas generated by the diesel engine is introduced into the heat supply mechanism in the diesel engine gas inlet pipeline or the diesel engine oil inlet pipeline, waste gas flowing in the spiral pipe makes contact with flowing air or engine oil for heat exchange, continuous heating through a heating piece is not needed, energy consumption is effectively reduced, efficient recycling of waste gas energy is achieved, and the energy utilization rate of the diesel engine is increased. When waste gas enters, the spiral pipe rotates through the impeller and the hollow shaft, a dynamic heat exchange interface is formed, the heat exchange uniformity of the waste gas and air / engine oil is improved, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the operation stability of the diesel engine is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas recycling and utilization, and particularly to a diesel engine waste gas energy recycling and utilization system. Background Technique

[0002] When a marine diesel engine is working, a large amount of high-temperature waste gas of the diesel engine will be generated. This part of the waste gas will carry about 30% of the diesel combustion heat and be discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in energy utilization loss. Currently, for the energy of diesel engine waste gas, it is usually recovered and used to heat water. Although the energy of diesel engine waste gas can be effectively recovered, it often cannot well assist the operation of the marine diesel engine. For example, when heating the fluid (such as air and engine oil) introduced into the diesel engine in a low-temperature environment, currently, it is usually heated continuously by an electric heating wire, but this method causes relatively serious energy waste. Therefore, we propose a diesel engine waste gas energy recycling and utilization system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a diesel engine waste gas energy recycling and utilization system to solve the problems proposed in the above background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A diesel engine waste gas energy recycling and utilization system includes an exhaust gas flow pipeline connected to the diesel engine for exhaust gas to enter, and also includes a diesel engine intake pipeline and a diesel engine fuel intake pipeline. One ends of the diesel engine intake pipeline and the diesel engine fuel intake pipeline are both connected to a heat supply mechanism. The other end of the heat supply mechanism is connected to the input end of the diesel engine, and the heat supply mechanism is also connected to the exhaust gas flow pipeline;

[0006] Among them, the heat supply mechanism includes a connecting pipe, a guiding seat coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the connecting pipe, an intake end that connects the guiding seat and the exhaust gas flow pipeline and penetrates through the connecting pipe. A channel for fluid to pass through is formed between the outer wall of the guiding seat and the inner wall of the connecting pipe. A heating element connecting the outer wall of the guiding seat is arranged in the channel. An impeller is arranged in the guiding seat through a hollow shaft. When the exhaust gas enters the guiding seat, the impeller drives the hollow shaft to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft is connected to a spiral pipe located on one side of the guiding seat. The spiral pipe is coaxial with the guiding seat. The other end of the spiral pipe is rotatably connected to an exhaust pipe. The other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates through the connecting pipe. The other end of the hollow shaft is rotatably connected to a gas guide pipe, and the other end of the gas guide pipe is connected to the guiding seat for allowing the exhaust gas in the guiding seat to enter the hollow shaft.

[0007] A further improvement is that a friction ring 2 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide seat and on one side of the heating element. The friction ring 2 is in contact with the friction ring 1 rotatably arranged at one end of the guide seat. The outer diameters of the friction ring 1 and the friction ring 2 are adapted to the inner diameter of the connecting pipe. The friction ring 1 and the friction ring 2 are both provided with a plurality of groups of through-holes for fluid to pass through. The friction ring 1 is connected to the hollow shaft through a transmission member. When the hollow shaft rotates, the transmission member intermittently drives the friction ring 1 to rotate to change the overlap of the through-holes on the friction ring 1 and the friction ring 2.

[0008] A further improvement is that a temperature sensor for detecting the exhaust gas temperature is provided on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline, and the exhaust gas circulation pipeline is also connected to an air intake branch pipe and an air outlet branch pipe through control valve one and control valve two respectively, and the air intake branch pipe and the air outlet branch pipe are both connected to a cooling and heat storage mechanism. When the temperature sensor detects that the exhaust gas temperature in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline reaches a preset threshold, the external controller controls control valve one and control valve two, so that the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline enters the cooling and heat storage mechanism through the air intake branch pipe for treatment, and after the exhaust gas is treated, it enters the heating mechanism through the air outlet branch pipe and the exhaust gas circulation pipeline.

[0009] A further improvement is that the cooling and heat storage mechanism includes an insulating outer shell, an inner shell arranged in the inner cavity of the insulating outer shell, a heat exchange plate 1 arranged in the inner shell, and two heat exchange plates 2 respectively arranged on both sides of the heat exchange plate 1, the input end of the heat exchange plate 2 is connected to the air inlet branch pipe, and the output end of the heat exchange plate 2 is connected to the air outlet branch pipe, the input end of the heat exchange plate 1 is connected to the seawater inlet pipe, one end of the seawater inlet pipe extends below the sea surface and draws seawater through a set pressure pump, the output end of the heat exchange plate 1 is connected to the seawater desalination mechanism through a pipeline, and both the heat exchange plate 1 and the heat exchange plate 2 are provided with spiral channels for fluid flow.

[0010] A further improvement is that a cavity is formed between the thermal insulation outer shell and the inner shell, and the cavity is filled with heat storage filler. The outer wall of the heat exchange plate 2 is provided with several groups of heat conducting plates, and the heat conducting plates pass through the inner shell and are connected to the inner wall of the thermal insulation outer shell. The heat conducting plates are used to transfer the exhaust gas heat in the heat exchange plate 2 to the heat storage filler. A heat exchange branch pipe 1 and a heat exchange branch pipe 2 are provided in the cavity. The heat exchange branch pipe 1 and the heat exchange branch pipe 2 are respectively connected in parallel with the diesel engine air intake pipe and the diesel engine oil intake pipe. The heat exchange branch pipe 1 and the heat exchange branch pipe 2 are both located on the side of the heating mechanism away from the diesel engine input end, and the heat exchange branch pipe 1 and the heat exchange branch pipe 2 are both provided with a solenoid valve and a one-way valve.

[0011] A further improvement lies in that the transmission member includes a protective housing provided at one end of the guide seat. The protective housing is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow shaft. A toothless gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow shaft located inside the protective housing. One side of the toothless gear meshes with a first gear. The first gear is sleeved on a gear shaft. The gear shaft is rotatably provided inside the protective housing, and a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the gear shaft and the protective housing. A second gear for meshing with the tooth grooves on the inner wall of the first friction ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear shaft.

[0012] A further improvement lies in that the first gear is slidably sleeved on the gear shaft through a sliding sleeve that cooperates with a chute on the gear shaft. A bracket is rotatably provided on the sliding sleeve, and the bracket is connected to the inner wall of the protective housing through a telescopic device.

[0013] A further improvement lies in that an air filter for purifying the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is further provided on the exhaust gas flow pipeline. A rotating impeller driven by the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas flow pipeline is provided inside the exhaust gas flow pipeline and on one side of the air filter. The shaft portion of the rotating impeller penetrates through the outer wall of the exhaust gas flow pipeline and is connected to the input end of a generator. The generator is connected to a storage battery through a charging circuit, and the storage battery is connected to an external controller.

[0014] A further improvement lies in that pipeline connectors are provided at both ends of the connecting pipe. The pipeline connector includes a threaded connection ring rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting pipe. External threads adapted to the threaded connection ring are provided on the inner walls of the diesel engine intake pipeline, the diesel engine fuel intake pipeline, and the input end of the diesel engine. A limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded connection ring and at one end facing the center of the connecting pipe, and a sealing ring is embedded on the side of the limiting ring away from the center of the connecting pipe.

[0015] A further improvement lies in that a plurality of groups of card slots are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the limiting ring. A flipping block is clamped on one of the card slots, and the other end of the flipping block is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine is introduced into the heating mechanism in the diesel engine intake pipe or the diesel engine fuel inlet pipe. The exhaust gas flowing in the spiral pipe exchanges heat with the flowing air or engine oil. Without continuous heating by a heating element, the energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the efficient recovery and utilization of exhaust gas energy are realized. When the exhaust gas enters, the spiral pipe rotates through the impeller and the hollow shaft, forming a dynamic heat exchange interface, which not only improves the heat exchange uniformity between the exhaust gas and the air / oil, but also enhances the heat exchange efficiency, ensuring the operation stability of the diesel engine. In addition, a cooling and heat storage mechanism is provided. When the temperature of the discharged exhaust gas is too high, the exhaust gas can be cooled to prevent the engine oil and air from being heated too high and affecting the operation of the diesel engine. At the same time, the cooling and heat storage mechanism can store and utilize the excess heat, and can preheat the air or engine oil before entering the heating mechanism, realizing the cascade utilization of exhaust gas energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the heating mechanism in the system of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the partial structure;

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of another perspective of the structure;

[0022] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional view of the transmission part structure in the heating mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling and heat storage mechanism in the system of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Exhaust gas circulation pipeline; 2. Diesel engine intake pipe; 3. Diesel engine fuel inlet pipe; 4. Heating mechanism; 41. Connecting pipe; 42. Threaded connection ring; 43. Flipping block; 44. Hollow shaft; 45. Spiral pipe; 46. Exhaust pipe; 47. Friction ring 1; 48. Through port; 49. Protection shell; 410. Friction ring 2; 411. Heating element; 412. Toothless gear; 413. Gear 1; 414. Gear 2; 415. Telescopic device; 416. Guide seat; 5. Intake branch pipe; 6. Control valve 1; 7. Cooling and heat storage mechanism; 71. Heat preservation outer shell; 72. Inner shell; 73. Heat storage filler; 74. Heat exchange plate 1; 75. Heat exchange plate 2; 76. Heat exchange branch pipe 1; 77. Heat exchange branch pipe 2; 78. Heat conduction fin; 79. Seawater inlet pipe; 8. Exhaust branch pipe; 9. Control valve 2; 10. Temperature sensor; 11. Seawater desalination mechanism; 12. Generator; 13. Air filter. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Please refer to the attached Figures 1-4 , a diesel engine exhaust gas energy recovery and utilization system, including an exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 connected to the diesel engine for exhaust gas to enter. A pressure pump can be arranged on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 to transport exhaust gas. It also includes a diesel engine intake pipeline 2 and a diesel engine fuel intake pipeline 3. The diesel engine intake pipeline 2 is used to transport filtered clean air to assist the full combustion of fuel, and the diesel engine fuel intake pipeline 3 transports lubricating oil to ensure the lubrication of each moving part of the diesel engine. One ends of the diesel engine intake pipeline 2 and the diesel engine fuel intake pipeline 3 are both connected to a heat supply mechanism 4, the other end of the heat supply mechanism 4 is connected to the input end of the diesel engine, and the heat supply mechanism 4 is also connected to the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1;

[0028] Among them, the heat supply mechanism 4 includes a connecting pipe 41, and a guiding seat 416 coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the connecting pipe 41. Specifically, the circumferential outer wall of the guiding seat 416 has several brackets, and the brackets are connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 41. The intake end that connects the guiding seat 416 and the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 and penetrates the outer wall of the connecting pipe 41 is connected to the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1. A channel for fluid (including air / oil) to pass through is formed between the outer wall of the guiding seat 416 and the inner wall of the connecting pipe 41. A heating element 411 connected to the outer wall of the guiding seat 416 is arranged in the channel. The heating element 411 is, for example, a heating net or heating wire with adjustable heating temperature, etc. An impeller (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the guiding seat 416 through a hollow shaft 44. When the exhaust gas enters the guiding seat 416, the impeller drives the hollow shaft 44 to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft 44 is connected to a spiral pipe 45 located on one side of the guiding seat 416. The spiral pipe 45 is coaxial with the guiding seat 416. The other end of the spiral pipe 45 is rotationally connected to an exhaust pipe 46 through a rotary joint. The other end of the exhaust pipe 46 penetrates the outer wall of the connecting pipe 41. The other end of the exhaust pipe 46 can be connected to an external waste heat utilization mechanism (such as a boiler, etc.), and of course, it can also be directly discharged. The other end of the hollow shaft 44 is rotationally connected to an air duct through a rotary joint, and the other end of the air duct is connected to the guiding seat 416 for allowing the exhaust gas in the guiding seat 416 to enter the hollow shaft 44.

[0029] Working principle: When the diesel engine is operating, air and engine oil are supplied into the diesel engine through the diesel engine intake pipeline 2 and the diesel engine fuel intake pipeline 3. In a low-temperature environment, initially, the heating element 411 is turned on. The fluid passes through the heat supply mechanism 4, contacts the heating element 411 through the channel, is heated to the required temperature, and then enters the diesel engine to ensure low-temperature starting performance. As the diesel engine operates, the exhaust gas discharged therefrom enters the guide seat 416 of the heat supply mechanism 4 through the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1. At this time, the heating element 411 can be turned off. When the exhaust gas flows through the impeller, it drives the impeller to rotate. The impeller drives the spiral tube 45 to rotate through the hollow shaft 44, forming a dynamic heat exchange interface. Then, the exhaust gas enters the hollow shaft 44 through the air duct and flows into the spiral tube 45. The exhaust gas in the spiral tube 45 conducts efficient convective heat transfer with the flowing fluid (air / oil). This method effectively reduces energy consumption and realizes the efficient recovery and utilization of exhaust gas energy. At the same time, the rotating spiral tube 45 improves the uniformity of the contact between the exhaust gas and the fluid, improves the heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange quality between the exhaust gas and the fluid, enables the fluid to enter the diesel engine evenly, and improves the operating stability of the diesel engine.

[0030] Preferably, an air filter 13 for purifying the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is further provided on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 of this embodiment to prevent particulate matter and the like in the discharged exhaust gas from polluting the pipeline. The air filter 13 is a conventional device in the art and will not be elaborated herein. Inside the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 and on one side of the air filter 13, there is a rotating impeller (preferably made of high-temperature resistant alloy) driven to rotate by the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1. The shaft part of the rotating impeller penetrates through the outer wall of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 and is connected to the input end of the generator 12. Moreover, the generator 12 is connected to the storage battery through a charging circuit, and the storage battery is connected to an external controller. Electric energy is stored in the storage battery. When the diesel engine discharges exhaust gas, the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 drives the rotating impeller to rotate, and the rotating impeller causes the generator 12 to generate current and store it in the storage battery. The storage battery can supply power to the electrical appliances in this system, further saving energy consumption and realizing the further recovery and utilization of exhaust gas energy.

[0031] Embodiment 2

[0032] Please refer to the appendix Figures 2-5On the basis of Example 1, a second friction ring 410 is further provided on the outer wall of the guide seat 416 and on one side of the heating element 411 of this embodiment. The second friction ring 410 is fitted with a first friction ring 47 rotatably provided at one end of the guide seat 416. The second friction ring 410 and the first friction ring 47 can be made of metal materials, for example. The first friction ring 47 is rotatably provided at one end of the guide seat 416 through a bearing. The outer diameters of the first friction ring 47 and the second friction ring 410 are both adapted to the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 41. The first friction ring 47 and the second friction ring 410 are both provided with a plurality of groups of fluid supply The fluid flowing into the channel flows through the opening 48. Initially, the openings 48 on the friction ring 1 47 and the friction ring 2 410 correspond one to one. The friction ring 1 47 is connected to the hollow shaft 44 via a transmission member. When the hollow shaft 44 rotates, the transmission member intermittently drives the friction ring 1 47 to rotate by a preset angle to change the overlap between the openings 48 on the friction ring 1 47 and the friction ring 2 410. It should be noted that when the friction ring 1 47 rotates, the openings 48 on the friction ring 1 47 and the friction ring 2 410 are not completely staggered, allowing the fluid to pass stably.

[0033] During the initial cold start phase of a diesel engine, since the exhaust gas temperature is relatively low, in order to ensure that the engine oil and air are preheated to a certain temperature by the exhaust gas, the impeller drives the hollow shaft 44 to rotate while also driving the friction ring 2 410 to rotate relative to the friction ring 1 47. Friction between the friction ring 2 410 and the friction ring 1 47 generates heat, and the fluid is heated by the friction heat combined with the waste heat of the exhaust gas (if the heating temperature of the friction heat combined with the waste heat of the exhaust gas is still relatively low at this stage, the user can lower the temperature of the heating element 411, which can still effectively reduce the consumption of the heating element 411). In addition, when the friction ring 2 410 and the friction ring 1 47 rotate, the overlap of the openings 48 on the friction ring 1 47 and the friction ring 2 410 continuously changes, thereby continuously changing the fluid flow rate, enhancing the heat exchange time, and optimizing the heat transfer efficiency.

[0034] Preferably, the transmission member of this embodiment includes a protective shell 49 provided at one end of the guide seat 416. The protective shell 49 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow shaft 44. A bearing is provided at the connection between the protective shell 49 and the hollow shaft 44. A toothless gear 412 is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow shaft 44 located inside the protective shell 49. One side of the toothless gear 412 meshes with a first gear 413. The first gear 413 is sleeved on a gear shaft. The gear shaft is rotatably provided in the protective shell 49 through a bearing, and a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the gear shaft and the protective shell 49. A second gear 414 for meshing with the tooth grooves on the inner wall of the first friction ring 47 is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear shaft. And an activity port for the outer wall of the second gear 414 to extend out is provided at one end of the protective shell 49. The connection between the second gear 414 and the activity port can be sealed through a sealing strip. When the hollow shaft 44 rotates, the toothless gear 412 drives the first gear 413, the first gear 413 drives the gear shaft, the gear shaft drives the second gear 414, and the second gear 414 makes the first friction ring 47 rotate. When the toothless section in the toothless gear 412 corresponds to the first gear 413, the gear shaft resets under the action of the torsion spring, and then the first friction ring 47 resets and rotates to restore the initial state (the through holes 48 on the first friction ring 47 and the second friction ring 410 coincide).

[0035] Preferably, the first gear 413 of this embodiment is slidably sleeved on the gear shaft through a sliding sleeve in cooperation with a sliding groove on the gear shaft. The sliding sleeve is a sleeve with sliding strips on the inner wall adapted to the sliding groove. An L-shaped bracket is rotatably provided on the sliding sleeve through a bearing, and the bracket is connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 49 through a telescopic device 415. The telescopic device 415 is, for example, an electric telescopic rod, etc. Through the cooperation of the sliding strips in the sliding sleeve and the sliding groove, the first gear 413 can drive the gear shaft to rotate when rotating, and the first gear 413 can move up and down on the outer wall of the gear shaft. When the waste gas temperature meets the temperature for heating air / oil, the user can control the electric telescopic rod to drive the bracket to separate the first gear 413 from the toothless gear 412, so that the first friction ring 47 does not rotate, and the through holes 48 on the first friction ring 47 and the second friction ring 410 coincide, ensuring that the fluid flows at a stable flow rate.

[0036] Embodiment 3

[0037] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 6, on the basis of Embodiment 1, a temperature sensor 10 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas is provided on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1. The temperature sensor 10 is a conventional device in the art and will not be described in detail here. The exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 is also connected to an intake branch pipe 5 and an outlet branch pipe 8 through a control valve 6 and a control valve 9 respectively. The control valve 6 and the control valve 9 can be, for example, electric three-way valves. The intake branch pipe 5 and the outlet branch pipe 8 are both connected to the cooling and heat storage mechanism 7. When the temperature sensor 10 detects that the temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 reaches a preset threshold, it causes an external controller to control the control valve 6 and the control valve 9, so that the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1 enters the cooling and heat storage mechanism 7 through the intake branch pipe 5 for treatment. After the exhaust gas is treated, it enters the heat supply mechanism 4 through the outlet branch pipe 8 and the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 1;

[0038] When the diesel engine is continuously working, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged will gradually increase. In order to prevent the air / oil from being overheated by the too-high exhaust gas temperature, when the temperature sensor 10 detects that the exhaust gas temperature reaches the preset threshold, the exhaust gas enters the cooling and heat storage mechanism 7 for treatment and then enters the heat supply mechanism 4 to heat the air / oil.

[0039] Preferably, the cooling and heat storage mechanism 7 of this embodiment includes a heat-insulating outer shell 71 (made of heat-insulating material), an inner shell 72 provided in the inner cavity of the heat-insulating outer shell 71, a heat exchange plate 74 provided in the inner shell 72, and two heat exchange plates 75 provided on both sides of the heat exchange plate 74. The heat exchange plate 74 and the heat exchange plates 75 are both made of heat-conducting materials. Spiral channels for fluid flow are provided in both the heat exchange plate 74 and the heat exchange plates 75. The input end of the heat exchange plate 75 is connected to the intake branch pipe 5, and the output end of the heat exchange plate 75 is connected to the outlet branch pipe 8. The input end of the heat exchange plate 74 is connected to the seawater inlet pipe 79. One end of the seawater inlet pipe 79 extends below the sea surface and seawater is pumped through a pressure pump provided. The output end of the heat exchange plate 74 is connected to a seawater desalination mechanism 11 through a pipeline. The seawater desalination mechanism 11 is a conventional device in the art and will not be described in detail here. The seawater is desalinated by the seawater desalination mechanism 11 for use;

[0040] The exhaust gas enters the heat exchange plate 75 through the intake branch pipe 5 and flows in the spiral channel in the heat exchange plate 75. At the same time, seawater enters the heat exchange plate 74 through the seawater inlet pipe 79, and the exhaust gas temperature is reduced by heat exchange between the heat exchange plate 75 and the heat exchange plate 74.

[0041] Preferably, a cavity is formed between the heat-insulating outer shell 71 and the inner shell 72 of this embodiment. The cavity is filled with a heat storage filler 73, such as zeolite. A number of groups of heat-conducting fins 78 are provided on the outer wall of the second heat-exchanging plate 75, and the heat-conducting fins 78 penetrate through the inner shell 72 and are connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating outer shell 71. The heat-conducting fins 78 are used to conduct the waste gas heat in the second heat-exchanging plate 75 to the heat storage filler 73. A first heat-exchanging branch pipe 76 and a second heat-exchanging branch pipe 77 are provided in the cavity. The vertical cross-sections of the first heat-exchanging branch pipe 76 and the second heat-exchanging branch pipe 77 are U-shaped. The first heat-exchanging branch pipe 76 and the second heat-exchanging branch pipe 77 are respectively connected in parallel with the diesel engine intake pipe 2 and the diesel engine fuel inlet pipe 3, and both the first heat-exchanging branch pipe 76 and the second heat-exchanging branch pipe 77 are located on the side of the heating mechanism 4 away from the diesel engine input end, and electromagnetic valves and check valves are provided on both the first heat-exchanging branch pipe 76 and the second heat-exchanging branch pipe 77;

[0042] Further, the outer wall parts of the above-mentioned air outlet branch pipe 8 and the seawater inlet pipe 79 located in the cavity can be sleeved with heat-insulating sleeves to prevent being affected by the heat energy stored in the heat storage filler 73;

[0043] When the waste gas is heat-exchanged to reduce the temperature, part of the heat in the waste gas is conducted to the heat storage filler 73 through the heat-conducting fins 78, and the heat energy is stored by the heat storage filler 73. When the diesel engine is restarted cold later or the waste gas temperature is relatively low initially, the user can open the electromagnetic valve, so that the introduced air / oil respectively flows into the first heat-exchanging branch pipe 76 and the second heat-exchanging branch pipe 77. The heat energy stored by the heat storage filler 73 is used to preheat the air / oil, and the preheated air / oil then enters the heating mechanism 4 through the diesel engine intake pipe 2 / diesel engine intake pipe 2 to further increase the temperature and then enters the diesel engine. This method enables the user to further lower the heating temperature of the heating element 411 or not start the heating element 411 during cold start, saving the energy consumption generated by the heating element 411 while effectively recycling the waste gas energy.

[0044] Embodiment 4

[0045] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, pipeline connectors are provided at both ends of the connecting pipe 41 in this embodiment. The pipeline connector includes a threaded connection ring 42 rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 41. External threads adapted to the threaded connection ring 42 are provided on the inner walls of the diesel engine intake pipeline 2, the diesel engine fuel pipeline 3, and the input end of the diesel engine. When installing the heating mechanism 4, the threaded connection rings 42 at both ends of the heating mechanism 4 are respectively screwed into the diesel engine intake pipeline 2 / the diesel engine fuel pipeline 3 and the input end of the diesel engine. The installation is quick and simple, facilitating manual later maintenance. A limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded connection ring 42 and towards one end of the center of the connecting pipe 41, and a sealing ring is embedded on the side of the limiting ring away from the center of the connecting pipe 41. The diameter of the limiting ring is adapted to the ends of the diesel engine intake pipeline 2 / the diesel engine fuel pipeline 3 and the input end of the diesel engine, and the sealing performance of the connection is improved through the sealing ring.

[0046] Preferably, a plurality of groups of card slots are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the limiting ring in this embodiment. A flipping block 43 is clamped on one of the card slots. The other end of the flipping block 43 is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 41. During installation, when flipping the flipping block 43 out of the card slot, the limiting ring can be rotated to drive the threaded connection ring 42 for installation or disassembly work. By flipping the flipping block 43 into the card slot, the limiting ring can be restricted from rotating, effectively avoiding the loosening of the threaded connection between the heating mechanism 4 and the diesel engine intake pipeline 2 / the diesel engine fuel pipeline 3 and the input end of the diesel engine due to factors such as vibration during long-term use.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A diesel engine exhaust gas energy recovery and utilization system, including an exhaust gas flow pipeline (1) connected to the diesel engine for exhaust gas to enter, characterized in that: It also includes a diesel engine air intake pipeline (2) and a diesel engine oil intake pipeline (3), one end of each of the diesel engine air intake pipeline (2) and the diesel engine oil intake pipeline (3) is connected to a heating mechanism (4), the other end of the heating mechanism (4) is connected to the diesel engine input end, and the heating mechanism (4) is also connected to the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1); The heating mechanism (4) includes a connecting pipe (41), a guide seat (416) coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the connecting pipe (41), connecting the guide seat (416) and the exhaust gas flow pipeline (1) and passing through the air inlet end of the connecting pipe (41), a channel for fluid to pass through is formed between the outer wall of the guide seat (416) and the inner wall of the connecting pipe (41), a heating element (411) connected to the outer wall of the guide seat (416) is provided in the channel, and an impeller is provided in the guide seat (416) through a hollow shaft (44), and the impeller is rotated when the exhaust gas enters the guide seat (41). 6) drives the hollow shaft (44) to rotate, one end of the hollow shaft (44) is connected to a spiral tube (45) located on one side of the guide seat (416), the spiral tube (45) and the guide seat (416) are coaxial, the other end of the spiral tube (45) is rotated to connect to the exhaust pipe (46), the other end of the exhaust pipe (46) passes through the connecting pipe (41), the other end of the hollow shaft (44) is rotated to connect to the air guide pipe, the other end of the air guide pipe is connected to the guide seat (416), and is used to allow the exhaust gas in the guide seat (416) to enter the hollow shaft (44).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction ring 2 (410) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide seat (416) and on one side of the heating element (411). The friction ring 2 (410) is fitted with a friction ring 1 (47) rotatably arranged at one end of the guide seat (416). The outer diameters of the friction ring 1 (47) and the friction ring 2 (410) are both adapted to the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (41). The friction ring 1 (47) and the friction ring 2 (410) are both provided with a plurality of groups of through-holes (48) for fluid to pass through. The friction ring 1 (47) is connected to the hollow shaft (44) through a transmission member. When the hollow shaft (44) rotates, the transmission member intermittently drives the friction ring 1 (47) to rotate to change the overlap of the through-holes (48) on the friction ring 1 (47) and the friction ring 2 (410).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) is provided with a temperature sensor (10) for detecting the exhaust gas temperature. The exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) is also connected to an intake branch pipe (5) and an exhaust branch pipe (8) through a control valve 1 (6) and a control valve 2 (9), respectively. The intake branch pipe (5) and the exhaust branch pipe (8) are both connected to a cooling and heat storage mechanism (7). When the temperature sensor (10) detects that the exhaust gas temperature in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) reaches a preset threshold, the external controller controls the control valve 1 (6) and the control valve 2 (9), so that the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) enters the cooling and heat storage mechanism (7) through the intake branch pipe (5) for treatment, and then enters the heating mechanism (4) through the exhaust branch pipe (8) and the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) after treatment.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The cooling and heat storage mechanism (7) includes a heat-insulating outer shell (71), an inner shell (72) disposed in the inner cavity of the heat-insulating outer shell (71), a first heat exchange plate (74) disposed in the inner shell (72), and two second heat exchange plates (75) respectively disposed on both sides of the first heat exchange plate (74). The input end of the second heat exchange plate (75) is communicated with the intake branch pipe (5), and the output end of the second heat exchange plate (75) is communicated with the exhaust branch pipe (8). The input end of the first heat exchange plate (74) is communicated with the seawater inlet pipe (79). One end of the seawater inlet pipe (79) extends below the sea surface and pumps seawater through a provided pressure pump. The output end of the first heat exchange plate (74) is communicated with the seawater desalination mechanism (11) through a pipeline. Spiral channels for fluid flow are provided in both the first heat exchange plate (74) and the second heat exchange plates (75).

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: A cavity is formed between the heat-insulating outer shell (71) and the inner shell (72), and a heat storage filler (73) is filled in the cavity. A plurality of groups of heat conducting fins (78) are provided on the outer wall of the second heat exchange plate (75), and the heat conducting fins (78) penetrate through the inner shell (72) and are connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating outer shell (71). The heat conducting fins (78) are used to conduct the waste gas heat in the second heat exchange plate (75) to the heat storage filler (73). A first heat exchange branch pipe (76) and a second heat exchange branch pipe (77) are provided in the cavity. The first heat exchange branch pipe (76) and the second heat exchange branch pipe (77) are respectively connected in parallel with the diesel engine intake pipeline (2) and the diesel engine fuel intake pipeline (3). The first heat exchange branch pipe (76) and the second heat exchange branch pipe (77) are both on the side of the heat supply mechanism (4) away from the diesel engine input end, and electromagnetic valves and check valves are provided on both the first heat exchange branch pipe (76) and the second heat exchange branch pipe (77).

6. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The transmission member includes a protective shell (49) disposed at one end of the guide seat (416). The protective shell (49) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow shaft (44). A toothless gear (412) is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow shaft (44) located inside the protective shell (49). One side of the toothless gear (412) meshes with a first gear (413). The first gear (413) is sleeved on a gear shaft. The gear shaft is rotatably disposed in the protective shell (49), and a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the gear shaft and the protective shell (49). A second gear (414) for meshing with the inner wall tooth groove of the friction ring one (47) is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear shaft.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first gear (413) is slidably sleeved on the gear shaft through a sliding sleeve in cooperation with a chute on the gear shaft. A bracket is rotatably provided on the sliding sleeve, and the bracket is connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (49) through a telescopic device (415).

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: An air filter (13) for purifying the diesel engine exhaust gas is further provided on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1). A rotating impeller driven by the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) is provided inside the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) and on one side of the air filter (13). The shaft part of the rotating impeller penetrates through the outer wall of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (1) and is connected to the input end of the generator (12). The generator (12) is connected to the storage battery through a charging circuit, and the storage battery is connected to an external controller.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the connecting pipe (41) are provided with pipe connectors, and the pipe connectors include a threaded connection ring (42) rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting pipe (41); the inner walls of the diesel engine air intake pipe (2), the diesel engine oil intake pipe (3) and the diesel engine input end are all provided with external threads adapted to the threaded connection ring (42); a limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded connection ring (42) and on one end facing the center of the connecting pipe (41); and a sealing ring is embedded on the side of the limiting ring away from the center of the connecting pipe (41).

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein: The outer circumferential wall of the limiting ring is provided with a plurality of groups of slots, one of which is provided with a turning block (43), and the other end of the turning block (43) is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting pipe (41).

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