Fixed caliper disc brake of new energy passenger car

Abstract

The invention provides a new energy passenger car fixed caliper disc brake, which relates to the technical field of fixed caliper disc brakes, and comprises a caliper, a brake disc, a guide rod, a brake plate, a brake pad, a double-shaft hydraulic cylinder and a brake assembly. The brake assemblies are arranged on the two sides of a brake disc in the calipers and each comprise a guide groove, a double-end lead screw, a motor, a shell, a push block, a storage box, a standby brake pad and the like. The motor drives the double-end lead screw to enable the shell to move, the push block pushes the pressing frame to unlock the standby brake pad, and the standby brake pad brakes under the action of the spring. When the shell moves, the cleaning plate is driven to clean the brake disc, the shell can seal the brake pad to prevent dust and moisture, and the air fan can clean the brake pad and cool. When the brake pad loses efficacy, the brake pad can be started for braking, driving safety is guaranteed, and meanwhile the brake pad cleaning and protecting functions are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fixed caliper disc brakes, and more specifically, to a fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy passenger vehicles, the reliability and safety of the braking system are of crucial importance. Caliper disc brakes can be mainly divided into two categories: fixed caliper disc brakes and floating caliper disc brakes. Among them, the brake caliper of the fixed caliper disc brake is fixedly installed on the axle, and brake block driving devices, such as hydraulic cylinders, are respectively arranged on both sides of the brake disc so as to press the brake pads on both sides against the brake disc respectively, thereby achieving the braking purpose.

[0003] In the prior art, when a brake system failure (such as damage to the hydraulic system, breakage of the brake pads, etc.) occurs, the vehicle will lose its braking ability, which is extremely likely to cause safety accidents. In addition, sludge or stains are likely to accumulate on the surface of the brake disc, affecting the braking effect; the brake pads are exposed to the environment for a long time and are also easily damaged by factors such as dust and moisture, reducing their service life and performance. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a fixed caliper disc brake with a backup braking mechanism and capable of effectively cleaning and protecting the braking components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles, including a caliper arranged outside the brake disc. Two guide rods are provided in the caliper, and two brake plates are symmetrically arranged in the guide rods. Brake pads are installed on the sides of the brake plates facing the brake disc. A double-axis hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged inside the caliper, and the ends of the two telescopic shafts of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the two brake plates. Braking components are arranged on both sides of the brake disc inside the caliper; the braking component includes a guide groove fixedly arranged inside the caliper. A double-headed screw rod is rotatably arranged in the guide groove. The double-headed screw rod is connected to the rotating shaft of a motor, and the motor is fixedly arranged at the end of the guide groove. Two outer shells are symmetrically slidably arranged in the guide groove. The two outer shells are respectively in threaded cooperation with the two threaded sections of the double-headed screw rod. A push block is arranged on the outer side surface of the outer shell; the braking component further includes two storage boxes fixedly arranged inside the caliper. A slider is slidably arranged in the storage box. A backup brake pad for braking the brake disc is arranged on the side surface of the slider. A first spring is arranged inside the storage box, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the storage box and the slider. An insertion hole is arranged on the side surface of the storage box, and a locking hole is arranged on the side surface of the slider. A locking pin for inserting into the locking hole is slidably arranged in the insertion hole. A pressing frame driven by the push block is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the locking pin. A second spring is connected between the lower end of the pressing frame and the storage box.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a sealing paper is provided at the opening of the storage box.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a lever is provided at the bottom of the slider of the outer shell, a notch groove for the lever to pass through is provided at the bottom of the guide groove, a wedge block is provided on the side of the lever, an inclined surface in contact with the lever is provided on the wedge block, a cleaning plate is provided on the side surface of the wedge block, sliding rods are provided at both ends of the cleaning plate, the sliding rods are slidably arranged on the caliper, and a third spring is sleeved outside the sliding rods, and both ends of the third spring are connected to the cleaning plate and the caliper respectively.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a brush for cleaning the surface of the brake disc is provided on the side surface of the cleaning plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the side surface of the outer shell facing the middle direction is an open structure, and a sealing gasket is provided at the opening of the outer shell.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in each set of brake assemblies, square holes are provided on the outer side surfaces of the two outer shells, a connecting cover is provided on the square holes, an inner conduit is provided at the round opening of the connecting cover, and an outer conduit is slidably arranged on the inner conduit.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, one outer conduit in each set of brake assemblies is connected to a fan, the other outer conduit is connected to a one-way valve, and two through holes are provided on the caliper on the side of each set of brake assemblies, and the fan and the one-way valve are respectively arranged at the two through holes on the caliper.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the inner side surface of the outer shell, a plurality of impellers are evenly arranged on the side surface of the rotating shaft, and a cleaning disc for cleaning the corresponding brake pads is provided at the end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of limiting grooves are provided on the circumference of the cleaning disc, and limiting strips for inserting into the corresponding limiting grooves are provided on the outer shell.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: (1) When the double-axis hydraulic cylinder hydraulic system of the present invention is damaged or the brake pads are broken and other faults cause the main brake to fail, the motor of the brake assembly can be started to make the spare brake pads contact the brake disc to achieve braking, effectively avoiding safety accidents caused by brake failure of the vehicle and greatly improving the driving safety.

[0015] (2) The present invention drives the cleaning plate by the movement of the outer shell, and automatically cleans the sludge and stains on the surface of the brake disc by using the brush, ensuring the cleanliness of the brake disc, effectively improving the braking effect and ensuring the stability of the braking performance.

[0016] When the outer shells of the present invention move towards the middle, the outer shells can come into contact with each other to form a sealed space, covering the brake pads to avoid damage to the brake pads caused by dust and humid environments, and extending the service life of the brake pads.

[0017] (4)The air fan of the present invention ventilates the inside of the outer shell through a conduit, driving the impeller and the cleaning disc to rotate, cleaning the brake pads, and discharging dust and stains under the action of the air flow; at the same time, during the normal driving of the vehicle, the air flow can also cool the brake pads to prevent the performance of the brake pads from decreasing due to overheating.

[0018] (5)When the brake pads of the present invention are used too frequently and the temperature is too high, the position of the outer shell can be adjusted to fix the cleaning disc, and all the air flow generated by the air fan passes through the brake pads to achieve rapid cooling, ensuring that the brake pads can still maintain good braking performance in a high-temperature environment. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-section of the caliper of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the inside and the brake disc of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the brake pads of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation of the outer shell of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-section of the guide groove of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 The partial enlarged view at A in

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-section of the storage box of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the locking pin and the pressing frame of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the slider and the locking hole of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation of the cleaning plate of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the storage box of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of the installation of the gasket of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic exploded view of the storage box, the rotating shaft and the cleaning disc of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - caliper; 101 - through hole; 2 - brake disc; 3 - guide rod; 4 - brake plate; 5 - brake pad; 6 - double - axis hydraulic cylinder; 7 - guide groove; 701 - notch groove; 8 - double - headed lead screw; 9 - motor; 10 - housing; 1001 - square hole; 11 - push block; 12 - storage box; 1201 - jack; 13 - slider; 1301 - locking hole; 14 - spare brake pad; 15 - spring one; 16 - locking pin; 17 - pressing frame; 18 - spring two; 19 - lever; 20 - wedge block; 21 - cleaning plate; 22 - slide bar; 23 - spring three; 24 - gasket; 25 - connecting cover; 26 - inner conduit; 27 - outer conduit; 28 - air fan; 29 - one - way valve; 30 - rotating shaft; 31 - impeller; 32 - cleaning disc; 3201 - limiting groove; 33 - limiting strip. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the orientations such as "upper, lower" are usually with respect to the directions shown in the drawings, or with respect to the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational directions; similarly, for the sake of easy understanding and description, "left, right" are usually with respect to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself, but the above orientation terms are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1-15 the structural schematic diagram. The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A fixed - caliper disc brake for new - energy passenger vehicles, including a caliper 1 arranged outside a brake disc 2. Two guide rods 3 are provided in the caliper 1. Two brake plates 4 are symmetrically arranged in the guide rods 3. Brake pads 5 are installed on the sides of the brake plates 4 facing the brake disc 2. A double - axis hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixedly arranged inside the caliper 1. The ends of the two telescopic shafts of the double - axis hydraulic cylinder 6 are respectively connected to the two brake plates 4. Brake assemblies are provided on both sides of the brake disc 2 inside the caliper 1.

[0037] Specifically, the caliper 1 is provided with threaded mounting holes, and the caliper 1 is fixedly arranged on the axle of the new energy passenger vehicle through the threaded mounting holes. The brake disc 2 is mounted on the tire hub of the new energy passenger vehicle. When the telescopic shaft of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder 6 is in the extended state, the two brake pads 5 are respectively located on both sides of the brake disc 2, and the brake pads 5 do not contact the brake disc 2. When braking is required, the double-axis hydraulic cylinder 6 is started, so that the two telescopic shafts of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder 6 contract, driving the two brake plates 4 to move towards the brake disc 2 at the same time, so that the two brake pads 5 contact the two side surfaces of the brake disc 2 at the same time, and the brake disc 2 is braked.

[0038] The braking assembly includes a guide groove 7 fixedly arranged inside the caliper 1. A double-headed lead screw 8 is rotatably arranged in the guide groove 7. The double-headed lead screw 8 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 9, and the motor 9 is fixedly arranged at the end of the guide groove 7. Two housings 10 are symmetrically and slidably arranged in the guide groove 7. The two housings 10 are respectively in threaded fit with the two threaded sections of the double-headed lead screw 8. A push block 11 is arranged on the outer side surface of the housing 10.

[0039] Among them, the two threads of the double-headed lead screw 8 are symmetrically arranged. When the double-headed lead screw 8 rotates, it drives the two housings 10 to move inwards or outwards along the guide groove 7 at the same time.

[0040] The braking assembly further includes two storage boxes 12 fixedly arranged inside the caliper 1. A slider 13 is slidably arranged in the storage box 12. A spare brake pad 14 for braking the brake disc 2 is arranged on the side surface of the slider 13. A first spring 15 is arranged inside the storage box 12. The two ends of the first spring 15 are respectively connected to the storage box 12 and the slider 13. A jack 1201 is arranged on the side surface of the storage box 12. A locking hole 1301 is arranged on the side surface of the slider 13. A locking pin 16 for inserting into the locking hole 1301 is slidably arranged in the jack 1201. A pressing frame 17 driven by the push block 11 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the locking pin 16. A second spring 18 is connected between the lower end of the pressing frame 17 and the storage box 12.

[0041] Due to vehicle failures, the brake disc 2 cannot be braked by the brake pads 5, such as damage to the hydraulic system of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder 6 or breakage of the brake pads 5. The motors 9 of the two braking assemblies are started at the same time, driving the double-headed lead screw 8 to rotate. The double-headed lead screw 8 drives the two housings 10 to move outwards along the guide groove 7. The push blocks 11 on the housings 10 drive the corresponding pressing frames 17 to move outwards. The pressing frames 17 drive the locking pins 16 to move synchronously. The second spring 18 starts to stretch. The locking pin 16 is disengaged from the locking hole 1301 of the slider 13. The first spring 15 provides elastic force to drive the slider 13 to slide out of the storage box 12. The slider 13 drives the spare brake pad 14 to contact the brake disc 2, so as to brake the brake disc 2. Therefore, in the case where the brake pads 5 cannot brake the brake disc 2, the spare brake pad 14 is used for braking to avoid safety accidents of the vehicle.

[0042] In the standby state, spring one 15 is in a compressed state. The spare brake pad 14 is located inside the storage box 12. A sealing paper is provided at the opening of the storage box 12 to seal the spare brake pad 14 inside the storage box 12, preventing damage to the spare brake pad 14 by dust, rain, etc., and ensuring that the spare brake pad 14 is effective when in use. When the spare brake pad 14 moves outwards from the storage box 12, the spare brake pad 14 automatically pierces the sealing paper.

[0043] Considering that when the brake disc 2 is covered with sludge or stains, it will affect the braking effect of the vehicle. A lever 19 is provided at the bottom of the slider of the outer shell 10. A notch groove 701 for the lever 19 to pass through is provided at the bottom of the guide groove 7. A wedge block 20 is provided on the side of the lever 19. An inclined surface in contact with the lever 19 is provided on the wedge block 20. A cleaning plate 21 is provided on the side surface of the wedge block 20. Slide bars 22 are provided at both ends of the cleaning plate 21. The slide bars 22 are slidably arranged on the caliper 1. A spring three 23 is sleeved outside the slide bars 22. Both ends of the spring three 23 are respectively connected to the cleaning plate 21 and the caliper 1.

[0044] A brush for cleaning the surface of the brake disc 2 is provided on the side surface of the cleaning plate 21.

[0045] Specifically, start the motor 9 to move the two outer shells 10 outwards. Before the push block 11 of the outer shell 10 contacts the corresponding pressure frame 17, the lever 19 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block 20, driving the wedge block 20 and the cleaning plate 21 to move towards the brake disc 2. The slide bars 22 slide on the caliper 1, and the spring three 23 is stretched. The brush on the cleaning plate 21 contacts the brake disc 2. During the driving process of the vehicle, the vehicle tire hub drives the brake disc 2 to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the cleaning plate 21 cleans the brake disc 2 to remove the sludge or stains on the brake disc 2.

[0046] Considering that when the vehicle is not used for a long time, in order to prevent the brake pads 5 from being damaged by dust or a humid environment. The side surface of the outer shell 10 facing the middle direction is an open structure, and a sealing gasket 24 is provided at the opening of the outer shell 10.

[0047] Specifically, when the two telescopic shafts of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder 6 are in the extended state, the side surface of the outer shell 10 facing away from the brake disc 2 and the side surface of the brake plate 4 where the brake pads 5 are installed are in the same plane. Reverse-start the motor 9 to move the two outer shells 10 towards the middle along the guide groove 7. The sealing gaskets 24 on the two outer shells 10 contact each other. At this time, the two outer shells 10 and the brake plate 4 form a sealed space, and the sealed space covers the brake pads 5 to prevent the brake pads 5 from being damaged by dust or a humid environment.

[0048] Considering that when the brake pads 5 are exposed to the environment for a long time, dust or stains in the environment will adhere to the surface of the brake pads 5, thus affecting the performance of the brake pads 5. In each braking assembly, square holes 1001 are provided on the outer-facing sides of the two outer shells 10. A connecting cover 25 is provided on the square holes 1001, an inner conduit 26 is provided at the round opening of the connecting cover 25, and an outer conduit 27 is slidably provided on the inner conduit 26; one of the outer conduits 27 in each braking assembly is connected to a fan 28, and the other outer conduit 27 is connected to a one-way valve 29. Two through holes 101 are provided on each side of the caliper 1 where each braking assembly is located. The fan 28 and the one-way valve 29 are respectively provided at the two through holes 101 on the caliper 1. When the outer shell 10 moves in the guide groove 7, the inner conduit 26 slides in the outer conduit 27, and the seal between the inner conduit 26 and the outer conduit 27 is tight.

[0049] A rotating shaft 30 is rotatably provided on the inner surface of the outer shell 10. A plurality of impellers 31 are evenly provided on the side surface of the rotating shaft 30. A cleaning disk 32 for cleaning the corresponding brake pads 5 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 30, and a brush is provided on the cleaning disk 32.

[0050] Specifically, when the gaskets 24 on the two outer shells 10 come into contact with each other, the outer shell 10 drives the rotating shaft 30 and the cleaning disk 32 to move to the side of the brake pads 5, that is, the brush on the cleaning disk 32 contacts the brake pads 5. The fan 28 is started, and through the outer conduit 27 and the inner conduit 26, the fan 28 ventilates the outer shell 10. The air flow drives the impellers 31 and the rotating shaft 30 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 30 drives the cleaning disk 32 to rotate synchronously. The cleaning disk 32 cleans the dust and stains on the surface of the brake pads 5. And under the blowing of the air flow, the dust or stains are discharged to the outside of the caliper 1 through the one-way valve 29.

[0051] A plurality of limiting grooves 3201 are provided on the circumference of the cleaning disk 32, and limiting bars 33 for inserting into the corresponding limiting grooves 3201 are provided on the outer shell 10. When the gaskets 24 on the two outer shells 10 touch each other, the limiting bars 33 do not contact the corresponding cleaning disk 32, so the cleaning disk 32 can rotate freely.

[0052] Specifically, when the vehicle is in motion, the fan 28 is started, and the air flow generated by the fan 28 can also flow through the corresponding outer conduit 27 and inner conduit 26 to the brake pads 5 to cool the brake pads 5.

[0053] When the brake pads 5 are used too frequently and the temperature of the brake pads 5 is too high, when the vehicle is at rest, the motor 9 is started to move the two outer shells 10 towards the middle and compress the two gaskets 24. At this time, the limiting bars 33 are inserted into the limiting grooves 3201 of the corresponding cleaning disk 32, so the cleaning disk 32 is limited and no longer rotates. The fan 28 is started, and the fan 28 makes the air flow flow into the outer shell 10. All the air flow generated by the fan 28 passes through the brake pads 5, so the brake pads 5 are quickly cooled.

[0054] Working principle: In the standby state, the telescopic shafts of the two double-axis hydraulic cylinders 6 are in the extended state. The two brake pads 5 are respectively located on both sides of the brake disc 2, and the brake pads 5 do not contact the brake disc 2. The first spring 15 is in a compressed state. The spare brake pad 14 is located inside the storage box 12. The locking pin 16 is inserted into the locking hole 1301. A sealing paper is provided at the opening of the storage box 12 to seal the spare brake pad 14 inside the storage box 12, preventing damage to the spare brake pad 14 by dust, rainwater, etc., and ensuring that the spare brake pad 14 is effective when in use.

[0055] When it is necessary to clean the brake disc 2, start the motors 9 of the two braking components to move the two outer casings 10 outward. Before the push block 11 of the outer casing 10 contacts the corresponding pressing frame 17, the lever 19 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block 20, driving the wedge block 20 and the cleaning plate 21 to move towards the brake disc 2. The sliding rod 22 slides on the caliper 1, and the third spring 23 is stretched. The brush on the cleaning plate 21 contacts the brake disc 2. During the driving process of the vehicle, the vehicle tire hub drives the brake disc 2 to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the cleaning plate 21 cleans the brake disc 2, removing the sludge or stains on the brake disc 2 and preventing it from affecting the braking effect of the vehicle.

[0056] When the brake disc 2 cannot be braked by the brake pads 5 due to vehicle failures, such as damage to the hydraulic system of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder 6 or breakage of the brake pads 5. Continue to start the motors 9 of the two braking components, driving the double-headed lead screw 8 to rotate. The double-headed lead screw 8 drives the two outer casings 10 to move outward along the guide groove 7. The push block 11 on the outer casing 10 drives the corresponding pressing frame 17 to move outward. The pressing frame 17 drives the locking pin 16 to move synchronously. The second spring 18 begins to stretch. The locking pin 16 disengages from the locking hole 1301 of the slider 13. The first spring 15 provides elastic force to drive the slider 13 to slide out of the storage box 12. The slider 13 drives the spare brake pad 14 to automatically pierce the sealing paper. Subsequently, the spare brake pad 14 contacts the brake disc 2, thus braking the brake disc 2. Therefore, in the case where the brake pads 5 cannot brake the brake disc 2, the spare brake pad 14 is used for braking to avoid safety accidents of the vehicle. When the vehicle is completely braked, the spare brake pad 14 still closely contacts the brake disc 2. After the vehicle braking system is repaired, the vehicle maintenance personnel push the spare brake pad 14 back into the storage box 12 again, insert the locking pin 16 into the locking hole 1301 again, and paste the sealing paper at the opening of the storage box 12 again.

[0057] When the vehicle is not used for a long time, start the motor 9 in the reverse direction to move the two outer casings 10 towards the middle along the guide groove 7. The sealing gaskets 24 on the two outer casings 10 contact each other. At this time, the two outer casings 10 and the brake plate 4 form a sealed space, and the sealed space covers the brake pads 5, preventing damage to the brake pads 5 by dust or a humid environment.

[0058] When the gaskets 24 on the two housings 10 come into contact with each other, the limiting bars 33 are not in contact with the corresponding cleaning discs 32. Therefore, the cleaning discs 32 can rotate freely. The housing 10 drives the rotating shaft 30 and the cleaning disc 32 to move to the side of the brake pad 5, that is, the brush on the cleaning disc 32 comes into contact with the brake pad 5. Start the air fan 28. Through the outer conduit 27 and the inner conduit 26, the air fan 28 ventilates the housing 10. The air flow drives the impeller 31 and the rotating shaft 30 to rotate. The rotating shaft 30 drives the cleaning disc 32 to rotate synchronously. The cleaning disc 32 cleans the dust and stains on the surface of the brake pad 5. And under the blowing of the air flow, the dust or stains are discharged to the outside of the caliper 1 through the one-way valve 29.

[0059] When the vehicle is in motion, start the air fan 28. The air flow generated by the air fan 28 can also flow to the brake pad 5 through the corresponding outer conduit 27 and inner conduit 26, playing a role in cooling the brake pad 5.

[0060] When the brake pad 5 is used too frequently and its temperature is too high, when the vehicle is at rest, start the motor 9 to make the two housings 10 move towards the middle and compress the two gaskets 24. At this time, the limiting bars 33 are inserted into the limiting grooves 3201 of the corresponding cleaning discs 32, so the cleaning discs 32 are limited and no longer rotate. Start the air fan 28. The air fan 28 makes the air flow into the housing 10. All the air flow generated by the air fan 28 passes through the brake pad 5, so the brake pad 5 is quickly cooled.

[0061] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made on the basis of the present invention to solve basically the same technical problems and achieve basically the same technical effects are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger cars, comprising a caliper (1) arranged outside a brake disc (2), two guide rods (3) are arranged in the caliper (1), two brake plates (4) are symmetrically arranged in the guide rods (3), brake pads (5) are installed on the sides of the brake plates (4) facing the brake disc (2), a double-axis hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly arranged inside the caliper (1), and the ends of the two telescopic shafts of the double-axis hydraulic cylinder (6) are respectively connected to the two brake plates (4), characterized in that: Inside the caliper (1) and on both sides of the brake disc (2), a braking assembly is provided; the braking assembly includes a guide groove (7) fixedly arranged inside the caliper (1), a double-headed screw rod (8) is rotatably arranged in the guide groove (7), the double-headed screw rod (8) is connected to the rotating shaft of a motor (9), and the motor (9) is fixedly arranged at the end of the guide groove (7). Two outer shells (10) are symmetrically and slidably arranged in the guide groove (7), and the two outer shells (10) are respectively in threaded fit with the two threaded sections of the double-headed screw rod (8). A push block (11) is arranged on the outer side surface of the outer shell (10); the braking assembly further includes two storage boxes (12) fixedly arranged inside the caliper (1). A slider (13) is slidably arranged in the storage box (12). A spare brake pad (14) for braking the brake disc (2) is arranged on the side surface of the slider (13). A first spring (15) is arranged inside the storage box (12), and the two ends of the first spring (15) are respectively connected to the storage box (12) and the slider (13). An insertion hole (1201) is arranged on the side surface of the storage box (12), a locking hole (1301) is arranged on the side surface of the slider (13), and a locking pin (16) for inserting into the locking hole (1301) is slidably arranged in the insertion hole (1201). A pressing frame (17) driven by the push block (11) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the locking pin (16), and a second spring (18) is connected between the lower end of the pressing frame (17) and the storage box (12).

2. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 1, wherein: A sealing paper is arranged at the opening of the storage box (12).

3. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dial rod (19) is arranged at the bottom of the slider of the outer shell (10). A notch groove (701) for the dial rod (19) to pass through is arranged at the bottom of the guide groove (7). A wedge block (20) is arranged on the side of the dial rod (19). An inclined surface in contact with the dial rod (19) is arranged on the wedge block (20). A cleaning plate (21) is arranged on the side surface of the wedge block (20). Slide rods (22) are arranged at both ends of the cleaning plate (21), and the slide rods (22) are slidably arranged on the caliper (1). A third spring (23) is sleeved outside the slide rods (22), and the two ends of the third spring (23) are respectively connected to the cleaning plate (21) and the caliper (1).

4. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: A brush for cleaning the surface of the brake disc (2) is arranged on the side surface of the cleaning plate (21).

5. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 1, wherein: The side surface of the outer shell (10) facing the middle direction is an open structure, and a sealing gasket (24) is arranged at the opening of the outer shell (10).

6. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 5, wherein: In each braking assembly, square holes (1001) are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the two outer shells (10). A connecting cover (25) is arranged on the square holes (1001). An inner conduit (26) is arranged at the round opening of the connecting cover (25). An outer conduit (27) is slidably arranged on the inner conduit (26); an air fan (28) is connected to one outer conduit (27) in each braking assembly, a one-way valve (29) is connected to the other outer conduit (27), and two through holes (101) are arranged on the caliper (1) on the side of each braking assembly. The air fan (28) and the one-way valve (29) are respectively arranged at the two through holes (101) on the caliper (1).

7. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 6, wherein: A rotating shaft (30) is rotatably provided on the inner surface of the housing (10). A plurality of impellers (31) are evenly provided on the side surface of the rotating shaft (30). A cleaning disc (32) for cleaning the corresponding brake pads (5) is provided at the end of the rotating shaft (30).

8. The fixed caliper disc brake for new energy passenger vehicles according to claim 7, wherein: A plurality of limiting grooves (3201) are provided on the circumference of the cleaning disc (32). A limiting strip (33) for inserting into the corresponding limiting grooves (3201) is provided on the housing (10).

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