Deformation measuring device and deformation measuring method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing deformation measurement and discloses a deformation measurement device and deformation measurement method. The deformation measurement device includes a mounting seat and a measuring assembly. The mounting seat is adapted to be removably mounted at the center of the inner surface of a head. The measuring assembly includes a guide post and a measuring member. The guide post extends along the height of the cylinder and is connected to the mounting seat at its lower end. The measuring member is mounted on the guide post and is movable in the axial and / or circumferential directions of the guide post to measure the deformation of the curved plate after welding. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the deformation measurement device, by being configured to include the mounting seat and the measuring assembly, can perform measurements during the manufacturing process of a pressure vessel, thereby preventing significant dimensional deformation of the pressure vessel after manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing deformation measurement, and in particular to a deformation measurement device and a deformation measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Pressure vessels are core pressure-bearing components in petroleum, chemical, and energy equipment. Their material properties and manufacturing processes directly determine the safety, durability, and economic efficiency of the equipment. Stainless steel, due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and mechanical properties, has become the mainstream manufacturing material for pressure vessels. For example, the pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device consists primarily of a cylinder and a head. The cylinder's diameter and height are extremely large, reaching over 10 meters, posing significant manufacturing challenges.

[0003] The lack of effective measurement and control during the welding process of pressure vessels in related technologies has resulted in significant deformation of the cylinder welds. This has led to problems such as excessive roundness and straightness, which have seriously impacted the performance of the pressure vessels. Therefore, there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a deformation measurement device that can be used to measure pressure vessels during their manufacturing process. The measurement results can be used to guide subsequent welding and prevent significant dimensional deformation of the pressure vessel after manufacture.

[0005] The present invention also provides a deformation measurement method.

[0006] According to the deformation measuring device of the first aspect of the present invention, the pressure vessel is used for a nuclear fusion device, and the pressure vessel includes a head and a cylinder, and the cylinder includes a plurality of arc plates arranged circumferentially around the head, and the arc plates and the head are welded together.

[0007] The deformation measuring device includes a mounting seat and a measuring assembly, wherein the mounting seat is suitable for being detachably arranged at the center of the inner surface of the head, and the measuring assembly includes a guide column and a measuring piece, wherein the guide column extends along the height of the cylinder and the lower end is connected to the mounting seat, and the measuring piece is arranged on the guide column and is movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guide column, and is used to measure the deformation of the curved plate after welding.

[0008] According to the deformation measuring device of an embodiment of the present invention, by configuring the deformation measuring device to include a mounting base and a measuring assembly, and arranging the deformation measuring device on the head, measurements can be performed during the manufacturing process of the pressure vessel, thereby avoiding large dimensional deformation of the pressure vessel after manufacturing is completed.

[0009] In some embodiments, the measuring member includes a mounting rod and a measuring body, the mounting rod extends radially along the guide column and one axial end is movably provided on the guide column, the measuring body is provided on the mounting rod and moves with the mounting rod, and the measuring body is used to measure the deformation of the arc plate.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod defines a mounting cavity extending along its axial direction, and the measuring body is movable between a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the mounting rod. In the first position, the measuring body is received in the mounting cavity, and in the second position, the measuring body partially extends out of the mounting cavity.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod is a telescopic rod.

[0012] In some examples, the measuring assembly further includes a sliding member, which is sleeved on the guide post and movable in the axial and / or circumferential directions of the guide post. The measuring member is disposed on the guide post through the sliding member to move along with the sliding member.

[0013] In some specific examples, the guide column is provided with a plurality of first positioning portions, which are arranged axially of the guide column, and the sliding member is provided with a second positioning portion, which are selectively connected to the second positioning portion through the positioning member.

[0014] In some examples, the first positioning portion is a first positioning hole, there are multiple second positioning portions, each of which is a second positioning hole, and the multiple second positioning holes are selectively connected to any one of the first positioning holes through the positioning member.

[0015] In some embodiments, there are multiple measuring parts, and the multiple measuring parts are arranged circumferentially on the sliding part. In a plane perpendicular to the guide column, the angle between the projections of two adjacent second positioning holes in the plane and the projection of the axis of the guide column in the plane is a first angle, and the angle between the projections of two adjacent measuring parts in the plane is a second angle, and the first angle is smaller than the second angle.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the first positioning portion is a first positioning hole, the second positioning portion is an annular positioning groove, and the positioning member is detachably provided at the first positioning hole and is slidable along an extension direction of the annular positioning groove.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, there are multiple measuring pieces, and the multiple measuring pieces are arranged circumferentially around the guide column.

[0018] According to a deformation measurement method according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, during the welding process of a pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device, deformation measurement is performed using the deformation measurement device described in any of the above embodiments. The deformation measurement method includes the following steps:

[0019] When installing each of the curved plates on the head in a preset order, respectively measuring the distance between each of the curved plates and the center of the guide column until the plurality of curved plates are roughly positioned on the head;

[0020] The plurality of arc plates are welded in batches, and after each welding of the plurality of arc plates, the deformation of the plurality of arc plates is measured, and welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the plurality of arc plates are adjusted according to the measurement results.

[0021] According to the deformation measurement method of an embodiment of the present invention, a deformation measuring device is used to perform multiple deformation measurements during the multiple welding processes of the cylinder. The subsequent welding parameters and / or welding sequence can be adjusted according to the measurement results, so that the welding deformation of the pressure vessel during the welding process can be controlled, so that the pressure vessel can meet high precision requirements.

[0022] In some embodiments, the weld between two adjacent arc-shaped plates includes a plurality of weld portions, the plurality of weld portions are arranged in the axial direction of the cylinder, and the weld portion close to the head is defined as the first weld portion formed;

[0023] After welding the plurality of curved plates each time, measuring the deformation of the plurality of curved plates comprises:

[0024] Welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the first time to form a first welded portion between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and measuring deformation of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the first welded portion;

[0025] The plurality of arc-shaped plates are welded for a second time to form a second welding portion between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and deformation amounts of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the second welding portion are measured until welding is completed.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, before welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates in batches, the process includes welding the head and the plurality of arc-shaped plates;

[0027] The deformation measurement method further comprises the following steps:

[0028] After welding the head and the plurality of curved plates, measuring deformation of the plurality of curved plates;

[0029] According to the measurement results, the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates are adjusted.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a deformation measuring device in a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a deformation measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of section A shown in FIG;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of part B shown in ;

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a curved plate of a pressure vessel shown in FIG;

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the pressure vessel shown in;

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An enlarged view of section C shown in ;

[0039] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 An enlarged view of section D shown in ;

[0040] Figure 9 is a flow chart of a deformation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] Pressure vessel 100; head 10; target seat 11; fastening block 12; cylinder 20; curved plate 21; weld 22;

[0043] Deformation measuring device 300 ; mounting base 40 ; connecting hole 41 ; measuring assembly 50 ; guide post 51 ; first positioning portion 511 ; first positioning hole 5111 ; measuring member 52 ; mounting rod 521 ; mounting cavity 521 a ; measuring body 522 ; sliding member 53 ; second positioning portion 531 ; second positioning hole 5311 ; positioning member 54 ; base plate 60 ;

[0044] The first angle a1; the second angle a2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] Reference below Figures 1-8 A strain measuring device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 The deformation measuring device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for the pressure vessel 100 of a nuclear fusion device. The pressure vessel 100 includes a head 10 and a cylinder 20. The cylinder 20 includes a plurality of curved plates 21. The plurality of curved plates 21 are arranged circumferentially around the head 10. Adjacent two curved plates 21 and the curved plates 21 and the head 10 are welded together.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The deformation measuring device 300 includes a mounting seat 40 and a measuring assembly 50 . The mounting seat 40 is adapted to be detachably disposed at the center of the inner surface of the head 10 .

[0049] The measuring assembly 50 includes a guide column 51 and a measuring piece 52. The guide column 51 extends along the height of the cylinder 20, and the lower end of the guide column 51 is connected to the mounting seat 40. The measuring piece 52 is arranged on the guide column 51, and the measuring piece 52 can be movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guide column 51. The measuring piece 52 is used to measure the deformation of the arc plate 21 after welding.

[0050] For example, after the multiple arc plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10, the multiple arc plates 21 can be welded in batches. After each welding of the multiple arc plates 21, the deformation of the multiple arc plates 21 can be measured using the measuring piece 52, and the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the multiple arc plates 21 can be adjusted based on the measurement results.

[0051] The measuring device 52 can directly measure the distance between the central axis of the guide column 51 and different positions of the curved plate 21. After analysis, the deformation of the curved plate 21 after welding is obtained. Of course, the measuring device 52 can also measure the cylindricity or other parameters at different positions of the curved plate 21 to obtain the deformation of the curved plate 21 after welding.

[0052] The following description will be made by taking an example in which the measuring member 52 can directly measure the distance between the central axis of the guide column 51 and different positions of the arc plate 21 .

[0053] If the measuring piece 52 is movable in the axial direction of the guide column 51, after welding two adjacent arc plates 21 in batches, the position of the measuring piece 52 in the axial direction of the guide column 51 can be changed, and the measuring piece 52 can be used to measure the distance between the corresponding position of the arc plate 21 and the central axis of the guide column 51, so as to obtain the deformation of the arc plate 21 after this welding, and then the subsequent welding parameters and / or sequence can be guided according to the measurement results.

[0054] If the measuring piece 52 is movable in the circumferential direction of the guide column 51, after welding two adjacent arc plates 21 in batches, the position of the measuring piece 52 in the circumferential direction of the guide column 51 can be changed, and the measuring piece 52 can be used to measure the distance between the corresponding position of the arc plate 21 and the central axis of the guide column 51, so as to obtain the deformation of the arc plate 21 after this welding, and then the subsequent welding parameters and / or sequence can be guided according to the measurement results.

[0055] That is, if the measuring member 52 is movable in the axial direction of the guide post 51, it is convenient to measure the deformation of the curved plate 21 after welding in the axial direction. If the measuring member 52 is movable in the circumferential direction of the guide post 51, it is convenient to measure the deformation of the curved plate 21 after welding in the circumferential direction. If the measuring member 52 is movable in both the axial and circumferential directions of the guide post 51, it is convenient to measure the deformation of the curved plate 21 after welding in both the axial and circumferential directions, thereby guiding the adjustment of subsequent welding parameters and / or sequence based on the measurement results.

[0056] Therefore, according to the deformation measuring device 300 of the embodiment of the present invention, by configuring the deformation measuring device 300 to include a mounting base 40 and a measuring assembly 50, and arranging the deformation measuring device 300 on the head 10, measurements can be performed during the manufacturing process of the pressure vessel 100, thereby avoiding large dimensional deformation of the pressure vessel 100 after manufacturing is completed.

[0057] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the measuring member 52 includes a mounting rod 521 and a measuring body 522. The mounting rod 521 extends radially along the guide column 51. One axial end of the mounting rod 521 is movably provided on the guide column 51. The measuring body 522 is provided on the mounting rod 521 and moves with the mounting rod 521. The measuring body 522 is used to measure the deformation of the curved plate 21.

[0058] Specifically, the mounting rod 521 extends radially along the guide column 51, the length of the mounting rod 521 is less than the distance from the center of the inner surface of the head 10 to the edge of the head 10, and one axial end of the mounting rod 521 is movably provided on the guide column 51, thereby driving the measuring body 522 to move, so that the measuring body 522 can measure different positions of the arc plate 21.

[0059] For example, the measuring body 522 is a structure with a conical measuring head, and the end of the measuring body 522 away from the mounting rod 521 is a conical end. Such a design can reduce the contact area between the measuring body 522 and the cylinder 20, making the measurement results more accurate and increasing the measurement accuracy of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0060] The measurement basis of the measuring body 522 can be the horizontal distance from the curved plate 21 of the cylinder 20 to the center of the inner surface of the head 10. Accordingly, a scale can be provided on the measuring body 522. The measurement basis of the measuring body 522 can also be the cylindricity, curvature and other data of the cylinder 20. Accordingly, the measuring body 522 can be a measuring head with a measurement function for measuring cylindricity or curvature. Through the measurement data measured by the measuring body 522, the measurement personnel can obtain the deformation of the curved plate 21.

[0061] In the above technical solution, the mounting rod 521 can provide a mounting carrier for the measuring body 522. Since the mounting rod 521 has a simple structure, it can reduce production costs and occupy less space without affecting the arrangement of other structures in the pressure vessel 100.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod 521 defines a mounting cavity 521a extending along its axial direction, and the measuring body 522 is movable between a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the mounting rod 521. In the first position, the measuring body 522 is received in the mounting cavity 521a. In the second position, the measuring body 522 partially extends out of the mounting cavity 521a.

[0063] The first position refers to the position when the measuring body 522 is completely located in the installation cavity 521 a , and the second position refers to the position when the length of the measuring body 522 extending out of the installation cavity 521 a is the maximum length.

[0064] Specifically, before or after measurement, the measuring body 522 can be moved to the first position. In this position, the measuring body 522 is housed in the mounting cavity 521a, effectively protecting the measuring body 522 from external impacts that could affect its measurement function. This significantly ensures the reliability of the deformation measuring device 300. During measurement, the length of the measuring body 522 extending from the mounting cavity 521a can be adjusted based on actual conditions, ensuring that the measuring body 522 abuts the inner surface of the curved plate 21, thereby measuring the deformation of the curved plate 21.

[0065] Therefore, in the above-described technical solution, the mounting rod 521 defines the mounting cavity 521a, allowing the measuring body 522 to move axially along the mounting rod 521 between a first position and a second position according to measurement requirements, thereby smoothly completing the measurement task. Furthermore, this design not only simplifies the structure of the measuring assembly 50 but also reduces operational difficulty, making it easier for measurement personnel to perform measurement operations.

[0066] In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod 521 is a telescopic rod. This configuration allows the mounting rod 521 to freely extend and retract along its axial direction, which not only improves the convenience of the deformation measuring device 300 but also provides a certain degree of protection for the measuring assembly 50 after the measurement is completed, preventing the mounting rod 521 from being bumped due to its long length and affecting the measurement accuracy of the measuring assembly 50.

[0067] Reference Figure 2 In some examples, the measuring component 50 further includes a sliding member 53, which is sleeved on the guide column 51 and movable in the axial and / or circumferential direction of the guide column 51. The measuring member 52 is disposed on the guide column 51 through the sliding member 53 so as to move with the sliding member 53.

[0068] For example, the sliding member 53 is movable in the axial direction of the guide column 51, thereby driving the measuring member 52 to move in the axial direction of the guide column 51, so that the measuring member 52 can easily measure the deformation of the arc plate 21 after welding in the axial direction of the guide column 51.

[0069] For example, the sliding member 53 is movable in the circumferential direction of the guide column 51, thereby driving the measuring member 52 to move in the circumferential direction of the guide column 51, so that the measuring member 52 can easily measure the deformation of the arc plate 21 after welding in the circumferential direction of the guide column 51.

[0070] In an embodiment in which the measuring member 52 includes a mounting rod 521 and a measuring body 522, one end of the mounting rod 521 is connected to the sliding member 53, and the other end of the mounting rod 521 cooperates with the measuring body 522. When the sliding member 53 moves on the guide column 51, it can drive the mounting rod 521 to move, and the mounting rod 521 drives the measuring body 522 to move, thereby changing the relative position of the measuring body 522 and the arc plate 21. The deformation of the arc plate 21 at different positions can be measured using the measuring body 522.

[0071] In the above technical solution, by setting the measuring component 50 to include a sliding member 53, and sleeved on the guide column 51, on the one hand, the sliding member 53 can be used to provide a mounting carrier for the measuring member 52, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the measuring member 52 on the guide column 51; on the other hand, by utilizing the cooperation between the sliding member 53 and the guide column 51, the measuring member 52 can be moved under the guidance of the guide column 51, thereby improving the movement reliability of the measuring member 52 and thus improving the measurement accuracy.

[0072] Refer again Figure 2 In some specific examples, the guide column 51 is provided with a plurality of first positioning portions 511 , which are arranged axially along the guide column 51 , and the sliding member 53 is provided with a second positioning portion 531 , which are selectively connected to the second positioning portion 531 through the positioning member 54 .

[0073] For example, after the multiple curved plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10, the multiple curved plates 21 can be welded in batches from bottom to top. After the first welding of the lower parts of the multiple curved plates 21 is completed, the sliding member 53 can be moved to the lower position of the guide column 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 at the bottom of the guide column 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; then the sliding member 53 is moved upward along the axial direction of the guide column 51 to the middle part of the guide column 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 in the middle part of the guide column 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; finally, the sliding member 53 is moved upward along the axial direction of the guide column 51 to the upper position of the guide column 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 at the top of the guide column 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement. The deformation of the arc plate 21 after this welding is analyzed through multiple measurement results after this welding, so that the welding parameters and / or sequence of the second welding can be adjusted according to the specific deformation situation, and so on until the welding is completed.

[0074] Of course, after completing the first welding of the lower portions of the multiple curved plates 21, the slider 53 can be first fixed to the upper portion of the guide post 51 to complete a measurement; then the slider 53 can be fixed to the middle portion of the guide post 51 to complete a measurement; and finally the slider 53 can be fixed to the lower portion of the guide post 51 to complete a measurement. The order of measurement after each welding can be selected as needed and is not limited here.

[0075] Therefore, by setting multiple first positioning parts 511 on the guide column 51 and setting a second positioning part 531 on the sliding member 53, the sliding member 53 can be fixed at different axial positions of the guide column 51, so that the arc plate 21 can be measured at different height positions, which makes it easier for measurement personnel to understand the deformation of the arc plate 21 at different heights.

[0076] In some examples, continue to refer to Figure 2 , and further reference Figure 4The first positioning portion 511 is a first positioning hole 5111 , and the number of the second positioning portion 531 is multiple, and the second positioning portion 531 is a second positioning hole 5311 . The multiple second positioning holes 5311 are selectively connected to any one of the first positioning holes 5111 through the positioning member 54 .

[0077] The first positioning portion 511 may include a first positioning hole 5111 , and the second positioning portion 531 may include a second positioning hole 5311 . Each time the sliding member 53 is fixed, a positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning hole 5111 and the second positioning hole 5311 at the corresponding position.

[0078] Alternatively, the first positioning portion 511 may include two first positioning holes 5111, and the second positioning portion 531 may include two second positioning holes 5311. Each time the sliding member 53 is fixed, two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 and the two second positioning holes 5311 at corresponding positions. Of course, the number of positioning holes in each of the first positioning portion 511 and the second positioning portion 531 may be more than two.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, after the multiple arc plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10, the multiple arc plates 21 can be welded in batches from bottom to top.

[0080] After completing the first welding of the lower parts of the multiple curved plates 21, first, the sliding member 53 can be moved to a position lower than the guide column 51, and the two positioning members 54 can be used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 at the bottom of the guide column 51 and the two second positioning parts 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; then the sliding member 53 is rotated, and the two positioning members 54 can be used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 at the bottom of the guide column 51 and the other two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; until the sliding member 53 rotates one circle.

[0081] Secondly, the sliding member 53 can be moved upward along the axial direction of the guide column 51 to the middle of the guide column 51, and the two positioning members 54 can be used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 in the middle of the guide column 51 and the two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; then the sliding member 53 can be rotated, and the two positioning members 54 can be used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 in the middle of the guide column 51 and the other two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; until the sliding member 53 rotates one circle.

[0082] Finally, the sliding member 53 can be moved upward along the axial direction of the guide column 51 to a position above the guide column 51, and the two positioning members 54 can be used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 at the top of the guide column 51 and the two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; then the sliding member 53 can be rotated, and the two positioning members 54 can be used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 at the top of the guide column 51 and the other two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete a measurement; until the sliding member 53 rotates one circle.

[0083] In the above technical solution, by setting multiple first positioning portions 511 on the guide column 51 and multiple second positioning portions 531 on the sliding member 53, the sliding member 53 can be fixed at different axial positions of the guide column 51, so that the arc plate 21 can be measured at different height positions. The sliding member 53 can also be fixed at different circumferential positions of the guide column 51, so that different positions of the same height of the arc plate 21 can be measured. In this way, the arc plate 21 can be measured at different height positions and different circumferential positions. Through multiple measurement results, the deformation of the arc plate 21 after welding can be analyzed, so that the welding parameters and / or sequence of the next welding can be guided according to the specific deformation conditions.

[0084] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, there are multiple measuring members 52, and the multiple measuring members 52 are arranged circumferentially on the sliding member 53. In a plane perpendicular to the guide column 51, the angle between the projection of two adjacent second positioning holes 5311 in the plane and the projection of the axis of the guide column 51 in the plane is a first angle a1, and the angle between the projections of two adjacent measuring members 52 in the plane is a second angle a2. The first angle a1 is smaller than the second angle a2.

[0085] Therefore, by setting up multiple measuring pieces 52 and arranging the multiple measuring pieces 52 circumferentially around the sliding piece 53, multiple measuring pieces 52 can be used to simultaneously measure the arc plate 21 at multiple positions during one measurement process, thereby greatly improving the measurement efficiency.

[0086] In addition, by limiting the first angle a1 to be smaller than the second angle a2, each time the sliding member 53 rotates by a1, the measurement point of the measuring member 52 after the sliding member 53 rotates will not be consistent with the measurement point before the rotation. In this way, the measuring member 52 can measure different circumferential positions of the arc plate 21, that is, the measuring member 52 can measure new points on the arc plate 21, which greatly improves the practicality of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0087] In some optional embodiments, the first positioning portion 511 is a first positioning hole 5111, the second positioning portion 531 is an annular positioning groove (not shown in the figure), the positioning member 54 is detachably provided at the first positioning hole 5111, and the positioning member 54 is slidable along the extension direction of the annular positioning groove.

[0088] Specifically, after the first welding of the lower portions of the plurality of curved plates 21 is completed, the slide 53 can be moved to a position below the guide post 51. The positioning member 54 cooperates with the annular positioning groove of the slide 53, and the slide 53 can be rotated to any angle along the extension direction of the annular positioning groove, so that the measuring member 52 can measure different points at the same height of the curved plate 21, or continuously measure the same height position of the curved plate 21, until the measurement of different height positions of the curved plate 21 is completed.

[0089] Therefore, by setting the second positioning portion 531 as an annular positioning groove, on the one hand, the measuring member 52 can measure different points on the arc plate 21 at the same height, or measure continuously. On the other hand, in the measurement at the same height, the number of times the sliding member 53 is fixed can be reduced, the convenience of operation is improved, and thus the measurement efficiency is improved.

[0090] Reference Figure 2 In some specific embodiments, there are multiple measuring members 52 , and the multiple measuring members 52 are arranged circumferentially around the guide post 51 . By arranging the multiple measuring members 52 around the guide post 51 , when the measuring members 52 are measuring in the axial direction or the circumferential direction, the multiple measuring members 52 can simultaneously measure the positions of multiple curved plates 21 , thereby facilitating a quick understanding of the overall deformation of the cylinder 20 .

[0091] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cylinder 20 is mainly composed of multiple curved plates 21, which are arranged circumferentially along the head 10. An outer single-sided bevel structure (not shown in the figure) is adopted between the head 10 and the curved plates 21, and a bilateral symmetrical bevel structure (not shown in the figure) is adopted between two adjacent curved plates 21.

[0092] The single-sided bevel structure is not only relatively simple in form and requires less processing, saving materials and processing time, but also ensures good fusion of the weld seam 22 when welding the head 10 to the curved plate 21, making the weld between the head 10 and the curved plate 21 more secure. Due to the thick wall of the curved plate 21, the double-sided bevel structure can better fill and fuse the weld seam 22 through welding on both the inside and outside, making the weld between two adjacent curved plates 21 more secure.

[0093] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7In some embodiments, a bottom plate 60 is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the head 10 , and the mounting seat 40 is adapted to be detachably provided at the center of the bottom plate 60 , thereby being installed in the center of the inner surface of the head 10 .

[0094] Specifically, a connecting hole 41 is provided on the mounting base 40, and the mounting base 40 can be detachably mounted on the base plate 60 by means of fasteners such as bolts (not shown in the figure), thereby facilitating the fixing of the deformation measuring device 300, preventing the deformation measuring device 300 from tipping over or being damaged, and also preventing the measurement results from being affected by changes in the position of the deformation measuring device 300, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0095] In some examples, reference Figure 7 A plurality of fastening blocks 12 are provided near the center of the inner surface of the head 10 , and the bottom plate 60 can be fixed to the inner surface of the head 10 by the plurality of fastening blocks 12 , providing a mounting carrier for the deformation measuring device 300 .

[0096] In some examples, reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 A plurality of target seats 11 are dispersedly arranged on the inner surface of the periphery of the head 10. The target seats 11 are measured and analyzed by a laser tracker to determine the center position of the inner surface of the head 10 and mark it on the bottom plate 60, so that the deformation measuring device 300 can be fixed at the center position of the inner surface of the head 10.

[0097] Reference below Figures 1-9 A deformation measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0098] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 、 Figure 9 According to the deformation measurement method of an embodiment of the present invention, during the welding process of the pressure vessel 100 of the nuclear fusion device, any one of the above-mentioned deformation measurement devices 300 is used to perform deformation measurement.

[0099] The deformation measurement method includes the following steps:

[0100] When installing each curved plate on the head in a preset order, measure the distance between each curved plate and the center of the guide column until the multiple curved plates are roughly positioned on the head;

[0101] Then, the multiple arc plates are welded in batches. After each welding of the multiple arc plates, the deformation of the multiple arc plates is measured, and the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the multiple arc plates are adjusted according to the measurement results.

[0102] Specifically, before measurement, the base plate 60 is fixed to the middle of the inner surface of the head 10 by tightening the pressure block 12, and the head 10 is measured using a laser tracker to determine the center position (center position) of the inner surface of the head 10 and mark it on the base plate 60; the deformation measuring device 300 is fixed to the base plate 60 so that the center of the guide column 51 of the deformation measuring device 300 coincides with the marked position of the base plate 60. Specifically, the mounting base 40 can be installed at the marked position of the base plate 60 using fasteners such as bolts, thereby completing the installation of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0103] Subsequently, the curved plates 21 are installed on the head 10 in a preset order. When installing each curved plate 21, the deformation measuring device 300 is used to measure the distance between each curved plate 21 and the center of the guide column 51, and the curved plate 21 is adjusted according to the measurement results until the distance between the curved plate 21 and the center of the guide column 51 is consistent with the radius of the curved plate 21, and the curved plate 21 and the head 10 are roughly positioned.

[0104] For example, the slider 53 can be moved axially along the guide post 51 to the middle of the guide post 51. The positioning member 54 can be used to connect the first positioning portion 511 in the middle of the guide post 51 with the second positioning portion 531 of the slider 53 to complete a measurement. Based on the measurement results, the positions of the curved plates 21 can be gradually adjusted so that each curved plate 21 is positioned at a predetermined position on the head 10. After the adjustment is completed, the curved plates 21 can be temporarily fixed to the head 10 using spot welding or welding staking plates until the multiple curved plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10. The welding staking plates can be removed after welding is completed.

[0105] After the rough positioning is completed, the adjacent arc plates 21 can be welded from bottom to top. The welding of the adjacent arc plates 21 can be carried out in a multiple welding manner. For example, the whole process can be divided into 3 times, 5 times, or 7 times.

[0106] Because welding deformation is affected not only by material factors such as specific heat capacity, density, and thickness, but also by external welding line energy, primarily in the form of welding current, voltage, and speed, during welding, the deformation of the curved plate 21 is measured at different locations, and parameters such as welding current, voltage, and speed are adjusted accordingly, as well as the welding sequence, to minimize and achieve more uniform welding deformation.

[0107] For example, after welding multiple arc plates 21 each time, it is necessary to use the deformation measuring device 300 to measure different positions of the multiple arc plates 21 in the axial and / or circumferential directions, and obtain the deformation amount of the arc plates 21 at different positions based on the measurement results. Then, according to the deformation amount of the arc plates 21 at different positions, the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of multiple arc plates 21 are adjusted.

[0108] For example, during the first welding process, if the deformation of a certain arc plate 21 is too large, then the welding parameters can be adjusted appropriately to slow down the welding speed of the arc plate 21 or speed up the welding speed of other arc plates 21. The welding current and voltage of the arc plate 21 can also be reduced or the welding voltage and current of the other arc plates 21 can be increased to minimize the welding deformation and make the deformation more uniform.

[0109] Therefore, according to the deformation measurement method of an embodiment of the present invention, a deformation measuring device 300 is used to perform multiple measurements on multiple welding processes of multiple arc plates 21, and the measurement results are used to guide the adjustment of subsequent welding parameters and / or sequences, so that the deformation of the pressure vessel 100 of the nuclear fusion device during the welding process can be controlled, which can meet the high precision requirements of the nuclear fusion device for the pressure vessel 100.

[0110] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the weld 22 between two adjacent arc-shaped plates 21 includes multiple welding portions (not shown in the figure), and the multiple welding portions are arranged axially in the cylinder 20, and the welding portion close to the head 10 is defined as the first welding portion formed.

[0111] After welding multiple curved plates each time, the deformation of the curved plates is measured, including:

[0112] When welding a plurality of curved plates for the first time, a first weld is formed between any two adjacent curved plates, and the deformation of the plurality of curved plates at the time of forming the first weld is measured;

[0113] When welding the plurality of curved plates for the second time, a second welding portion is formed between any two adjacent curved plates, and the deformation of the plurality of curved plates when forming the second welding portion is measured until the welding is completed.

[0114] In other words, the entire welding process is divided into multiple times. After each welding, a weld portion is formed between two adjacent curved plates 21. Finally, multiple weld portions between two adjacent curved plates 21 form a weld seam 22. Among them, the multiple weld portions are arranged axially in the cylinder 20, and the weld portion close to the head 10 is defined as the first weld portion formed.

[0115] After each welding of multiple curved plates 21, the deformation of the curved plates 21 needs to be measured. Specifically, after the first weld is completed, the deformation measuring device 300 measures the curved plates 21 in the left-right and up-down directions at the first welded portion. The measured data is analyzed to determine the deformation of two adjacent curved plates 21 during the first weld. The welding parameters and / or welding sequence are adjusted accordingly before the next weld is performed.

[0116] After the second welding is completed, the deformation measuring device 300 is used to measure the upper and lower directions and the left and right directions of the arc plate 21 at the second formed welding portion, and the measurement data is analyzed to obtain the deformation of the two adjacent arc plates 21 in the second welding, and the welding parameters and / or welding sequence are adjusted accordingly to perform the next welding.

[0117] Before the next welding, the welding parameters and / or welding sequence are adjusted according to the previous measurement data, and then welding is performed. After that, the measurement is performed according to the same steps, and the parameters of the next welding are adjusted according to the measured data. This operation is repeated until the welding is completed.

[0118] This welding method can understand the deformation of the arc plate 21 in real time during the welding process, making it easier for measurement personnel to adjust the welding process in a timely manner, thereby ensuring that a high-precision pressure vessel 100 can be welded in the end.

[0119] Reference Figure 1 In some specific embodiments, before welding the multiple curved plates in batches, the method includes welding the head and the multiple curved plates. The deformation measurement method also includes the following steps:

[0120] After welding the head and multiple curved plates, measure the deformation of the multiple curved plates;

[0121] Based on the measurement results, the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding multiple curved plates are adjusted.

[0122] That is, before welding the multiple curved plates 21 in batches, the welding head 10 and the multiple curved plates 21 need to be welded. After welding the head 10 and the multiple curved plates 21, the deformation of the multiple curved plates 21 is measured using the deformation measuring device 300. The measured data is analyzed to adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the multiple curved plates 21 so that the welding deformation of each curved plate 21 is as small as possible and / or the welding deformation is uniform.

[0123] Therefore, through this welding method, the welding deformation between each arc plate 21 and the head 10 can be measured and understood in real time during the welding process, which facilitates the measurement personnel to adjust the welding process in time and ensure the welding accuracy between the head 10 and the arc plate 21.

[0124] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0125] Other structures and operations of the deformation measuring device 300 and the deformation measuring method according to the embodiment of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0126] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0127] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deformation measuring device for a pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device, wherein the pressure vessel comprises a head and a cylinder, wherein the cylinder comprises a plurality of arcuate plates arranged circumferentially around the head, and adjacent arcuate plates and the arcuate plates are welded to each other; characterized in that: The deformation measuring device comprises: A mounting seat, the mounting seat being adapted to be detachably arranged at the center of the inner surface of the head; a measuring assembly comprising a guide post extending along the height of the cylinder and having its lower end connected to the mounting seat, and a measuring member disposed on the guide post and movable in the axial and / or circumferential directions of the guide post for measuring deformation of the curved plate after welding; A sliding member is sleeved on the guide post and is movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guide post. The measuring member is arranged on the guide post through the sliding member to move along with the sliding member.

2. The deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The measuring element comprises: a mounting rod extending radially along the guide post and having one axial end movably disposed on the guide post; A measuring body is provided on the mounting rod and moves along with the mounting rod, and is used for measuring the deformation of the arc plate.

3. The deformation measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that The mounting rod defines a mounting cavity extending along its axial direction, and the measuring body is movable between a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the mounting rod. In the first position, the measuring body is received in the mounting cavity, and in the second position, the measuring body partially extends out of the mounting cavity.

4. The deformation measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that The mounting rod is a telescopic rod.

5. The deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The guide column is provided with a plurality of first positioning parts, which are arranged axially of the guide column. The sliding member is provided with a second positioning part, which is selectively connected to the second positioning part through the positioning member.

6. The deformation measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first positioning portion is a first positioning hole, and there are multiple second positioning portions, each of which is a second positioning hole. The multiple second positioning holes are selectively connected to any one of the first positioning holes through the positioning member.

7. The deformation measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that There are multiple measuring members, and the multiple measuring members are arranged in the circumferential direction of the sliding member; In a plane perpendicular to the guide column, the angle between the projections of two adjacent second positioning holes in the plane and the projection of the axis of the guide column in the plane is a first angle, and the angle between the projections of two adjacent measuring parts in the plane is a second angle, and the first angle is smaller than the second angle.

8. The deformation measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that The first positioning portion is a first positioning hole, the second positioning portion is an annular positioning groove, and the positioning member is detachably provided at the first positioning hole and is slidable along an extending direction of the annular positioning groove.

9. The deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that There are multiple measuring pieces, and the multiple measuring pieces are arranged in the circumferential direction of the guide column.

10. A deformation measurement method, characterized in that: During the welding process of a pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device, deformation measurement is performed using a deformation measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The deformation measurement method comprises the following steps: When installing each of the curved plates on the head in a preset order, respectively measuring the distance between each of the curved plates and the center of the guide column until the plurality of curved plates are roughly positioned on the head in the preset order; The plurality of arc plates are welded in batches, and after each welding of the plurality of arc plates, the deformation of the plurality of arc plates is measured, and welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the plurality of arc plates are adjusted according to the measurement results.

11. The deformation measurement method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The weld between two adjacent arc-shaped plates includes a plurality of welded portions, the plurality of welded portions are arranged in the axial direction of the cylinder, and the welded portion close to the head is defined as the first welded portion formed; After welding the plurality of curved plates each time, measuring the deformation of the plurality of curved plates comprises: Welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the first time to form a first welded portion between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and measuring deformation of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the first welded portion; The plurality of arc-shaped plates are welded for a second time to form a second welding portion between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and deformation amounts of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the second welding portion are measured until welding is completed.

12. The deformation measurement method according to claim 10, characterized in that: Before welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates in batches, the method includes: welding the head and the plurality of arc-shaped plates; The deformation measurement method further comprises the following steps: After welding the head and the plurality of curved plates, measuring deformation of the plurality of curved plates; According to the measurement results, the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates are adjusted.

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