Explosion-proof intelligent electric appliance cabinet with double-layer structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric appliance cabinets, and discloses a double-layer structure explosion-proof intelligent electric appliance cabinet which comprises a double-layer shell and an interlayer buffer cavity, a supporting frame is arranged in the buffer cavity, the protruding end of the supporting frame is hinged to an outer-layer shell, and the concave end of the supporting frame is connected with an inner-layer shell through a universal joint; variable-diameter sliding rails are arranged on the inner wall of the outer layer in the circumferential direction, and counterweight sliding blocks move along the rails and are meshed with frame deformation nodes to form a deformation gradient with the interval gradually decreased in a graded mode; the pressure relief channel is composed of an outer-layer conical flow guide cover and an inner-layer diffusion chamber, and the pressure relief included angle between the two is adjusted through an eccentric rotating shaft. The pressure balance mechanism comprises a swing arm set linked with a counterweight sliding block, a tail end locking block and a damping plate. The swing arm set converts plane swing into axial rotation of an eccentric rotating shaft through a bevel gear. Impact is dispersed through the nested double-shell buffering cavity and the supporting frame, the variable-diameter sliding rail balance weight sliding block is in linkage with the eccentric rotating shaft to dynamically adjust the pressure relief included angle, pressure stepped release is achieved, and the structural stability and the anti-explosion and anti-impact performance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical cabinets, and in particular to a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet. Background Art

[0002] Electrical cabinets are characterized by their small size, easy installation, exceptional technical performance, fixed location, unique configuration features, and freedom from site restrictions. They are widely used, offer stable and reliable operation, high space utilization, minimal footprint, and environmental friendliness. They rationally distribute electrical energy, facilitate circuit opening and closing operations, offer a high level of safety protection, and intuitively display the circuit's conduction status.

[0003] Traditional electrical cabinets mostly use a single layer of thickened steel plate or a simple double-layer shell structure. The existing single-layer or rigid double-layer shell design lacks a dynamic energy buffering mechanism. Shock waves can easily be transmitted directly to the interior of the cabinet through rigid connections, causing structural cracking and component damage. Fixed pressure relief devices rely on preset pressure thresholds and cannot dynamically adjust the pressure relief rate and direction according to the intensity of the explosion. The repeated superposition of pressure waves in the cabinet can easily cause secondary shocks. Moreover, the evenly distributed rigid support frame is difficult to form a graded deformation gradient and is prone to overall buckling failure under impact loads. The straight airflow of the linear pressure relief channel will increase the risk of external dust explosions.

[0004] More significantly, the traditional pressure relief system's functional separation from the supporting structure disrupts the energy dissipation path. Premature deformation of the supporting structure weakens the pressure relief response, while the fixed pressure relief ports, under the influence of multi-directional pressure waves, form eddy currents, further prolonging the overpressure. These deficiencies limit the reliability and service life of electrical cabinets in high-risk scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet in view of the above-mentioned defects existing in the traditional electrical cabinet.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet, comprising: an outer shell and an inner shell nested in each other, and a buffer cavity formed by a gap therebetween, wherein the buffer cavity is provided with:

[0008] A support frame with a three-dimensional continuous undulating structure, wherein the raised section is hinged to the outer shell, and the recessed section is connected to the inner shell via a universal joint;

[0009] A variable diameter slide rail is circumferentially arranged around the inner wall of the outer shell, and a movable counterweight slider is provided on the variable diameter slide rail. The counterweight slider engages with a deformation node of the support frame, and the deformation node is the connection area between the convex section and the concave section;

[0010] The pressure relief channel includes a conical flow guide cover provided on the outer shell and a diffusion chamber provided on the inner shell, wherein the conical flow guide cover and the diffusion chamber are used to adjust the angle of fluid conduction through an eccentric rotating shaft;

[0011] A pressure balancing mechanism, comprising a swing arm assembly linked to the counterweight slider, a flip-up locking block at the end of the swing arm, and a damping plate arranged in the buffer cavity, wherein the locking block engages with the damping plate;

[0012] Among them, the distance between the raised section and the recessed section produces a graded and decreasing deformation gradient as the displacement of the counterweight slider on the variable diameter slide rail. When the impact force acts, the swing arm group converts the planar swing into the axial rotation of the eccentric shaft through the bevel gear group, and then drives the conical air guide cover to swing, thereby changing the pressure relief angle formed between the conical air guide cover and the diffusion chamber. The axial rotation angle is positively correlated with the external force impact intensity.

[0013] Preferably, the support frame is composed of multiple groups of elastic support segments distributed along a circular array, the raised segments of each group of the elastic support segments are hinged to the outer shell through a rotating pair, and elastic deformation zones with different deformation coefficients are provided between adjacent elastic support segments. The deformation coefficient is adjusted by the displacement of the counterweight slider on the variable diameter slide rail, and the end of each group of the elastic support segments extends to the edge of the buffer cavity to form an elastic constraint boundary.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic support section includes elastic arms and rigid support blocks that are alternately arranged, and the elastic arms connect the adjacent raised sections and recessed sections through an arc-shaped transition portion. The rigid support block is provided with a guide rack that engages with the counterweight slider, and the tooth profile of the guide rack is adapted to the tooth groove on the bottom surface of the counterweight slider.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting boss is provided at the elastic arm, and the limiting boss forms a sliding fit with the sliding groove provided on the side wall of the rigid support block. A stepped damping surface matching the contact surface of the limiting boss is provided in the sliding groove, and the step height of the stepped damping surface decreases step by step from the outer shell to the inner shell side.

[0016] Preferably, the inner wall of the conical air guide cover is provided with an inclined guide plate, the extended end of the guide plate is staggered and engaged with the spiral guide rib in the diffusion chamber, and the pitch of the spiral guide rib is linearly increasing along the pressure relief direction.

[0017] Preferably, the swing arm group includes at least two groups of cross-hinged swing arm links, the middle part of the swing arm link is connected to the outer shell through an elastic hinge point, and the end of the swing arm link is provided with an extension arm with adjustable length, and the extension arm is connected to the locking block through a ball head hinge, so that the flip angle of the locking block is adjusted with the displacement of the counterweight slider.

[0018] Preferably, the inner wall of the diffusion chamber is provided with a concave guide groove along the circumferential direction, the concave guide groove and the spiral guide rib form a clearance fit, and the width of the concave guide groove expands in a step-by-step manner along the pressure relief direction to form a multi-level diffusion buffer zone.

[0019] Preferably, the guide rack is arranged along the length direction of the rigid support block, the curvature of the guide rack matches the trajectory of the variable diameter slide rail, and the bottom surface of the counterweight slider is provided with a fan-shaped gear meshing with the guide rack, and the number of teeth of the fan-shaped gear increases along the variable diameter direction of the slide rail.

[0020] Preferably, an elastic limit strip parallel to the stepped damping surface is also provided in the slide groove, one end of the elastic limit strip is fixed to the end of the slide groove, and the other end is in contact with the side wall of the limiting boss, and the thickness of the elastic limit strip gradually decreases along the extension direction of the slide groove, forming a gradual damping gradient.

[0021] Preferably, the bevel gear set includes at least two sets of bevel gear parts with different transmission ratios. The bevel gear parts are linked to the swing arm set through a switching mechanism. When the impact force reaches a preset threshold, the switching mechanism drives the bevel gear parts to switch the engagement state to change the adjustment ratio of the rotation speed of the eccentric shaft and the pressure relief angle.

[0022] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0023] (1) Through the synergistic effect of the buffer cavity formed by the nesting of the inner and outer shells and the dynamic adjustment component, multi-level impact protection and intelligent pressure relief are achieved: the three-dimensional continuous undulating support frame is designed by hinged joints of the convex section and universal joints of the concave section, combined with the meshing control of the deformation nodes by the counterweight slider on the variable diameter slide rail, to form a graded and decreasing deformation gradient, so that the impact energy is dispersed directionally along the elastic deformation zone;

[0024] (2) The pressure relief channel of the eccentric shaft linkage realizes the step-by-step release of the pressure wave by adjusting the dynamic angle between the conical guide cover and the diffusion chamber, in conjunction with the increasing pitch of the guide ribs and the multi-stage diffusion buffer zone; the swing arm group and the bevel gear group convert the impact force into the axial rotation of the eccentric shaft, and the engagement control of the locking block and the damping plate is combined to establish a positive feedback mechanism between the impact intensity and the pressure relief angle;

[0025] (3) The composite design of elastic constraint boundary, stepped damping surface and gradual damping gradient further ensures the stability and energy dissipation efficiency of the structure under dynamic impact through parametric deformation constraint and adaptive limit, significantly improving the explosion-proof performance and impact resistance reliability of the electrical cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic left-side cross-sectional view of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a bevel gear set of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a support frame of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure balancing mechanism of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a variable-diameter slide rail and a counterweight slider of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a diffusion chamber of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a conical air guide cover of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a guide rack and sector gear of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the slide and limiting boss of a double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet of the present invention.

[0035] Wherein, each drawing mark is:

[0036] 101. Outer shell; 102. Inner shell; 3. Buffer cavity; 301. Support frame; 302. Raised section; 303. Recessed section; 304. Universal joint; 305. Variable-diameter slide rail; 306. Counterweight slider; 307. Deformation node; 308. Pressure relief channel; 309. Conical air guide cover; 310. Diffusion chamber; 311. Eccentric shaft; 312. Elastic support section; 313. Rotational pair; 314. Elastic deformation zone; 315. Elastic arm; 316. Rigid support block; 317. Arc-shaped transition portion; 318. Guide rack; 319. Limiting boss; 320. Slide groove; 321. Stepped damping surface; 322. Guide plate; 323. Spiral guide rib; 324. Recessed guide groove; 325. Fan gear; 326. Elastic limiting strip; 4. Pressure balancing mechanism; 401. Swing arm assembly; 402. Locking block; 403. Damping plate; 404. Swing arm connecting rod; 405. Elastic hinge point; 406. Extension arm; 407. Ball joint; 5. Bevel gear assembly; 501. Bevel gear member; 502. Switching mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0038] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] As attached Figures 1 to 9 The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet shown in the figure includes an outer shell 101 and an inner shell 102 nested with each other and a buffer cavity 3 formed by the gap between the outer shell 101 and the inner shell 102. The buffer cavity 3 is provided with:

[0041] A support frame 301 with a three-dimensional continuous undulating structure, wherein the raised section 302 is hinged to the outer shell 101 and the recessed section 303 is connected to the inner shell 102 via a universal joint 304;

[0042] A variable diameter slide rail 305 is circumferentially arranged around the inner wall of the outer shell 101. A movable counterweight slider 306 is provided on the variable diameter slide rail 305. The counterweight slider 306 engages with a deformation node 307 of the support frame 301. The deformation node 307 is the connection area between the raised section 302 and the recessed section 303.

[0043] The pressure relief channel 308 includes a conical flow guide cover 309 provided on the outer shell 101 and a diffusion chamber 310 provided on the inner shell 102. The conical flow guide cover 309 and the diffusion chamber 310 are adjusted to adjust the fluid conduction angle via an eccentric shaft 311.

[0044] The pressure balancing mechanism 4 includes a swing arm assembly 401 linked to the counterweight slider 306, a reversible locking block 402 at the end of the swing arm, and a damping plate 403 disposed in the buffer cavity 3, wherein the locking block 402 engages with the damping plate 403;

[0045] Among them, the distance between the raised section 302 and the recessed section 303 produces a graded and decreasing deformation gradient as the displacement of the counterweight slider 306 on the variable diameter slide rail 305. When the impact force acts, the swing arm group 401 converts the planar swing into the axial rotation of the eccentric shaft 311 through the bevel gear group 5, and then drives the conical air guide cover 309 to swing, thereby changing the pressure relief angle formed between the conical air guide cover 309 and the diffusion chamber 310. The axial rotation angle is positively correlated with the external force impact intensity.

[0046] The double-shell explosion-proof electrical cabinet utilizes a nested structural design, with the outer shell 101 and inner shell 102 axially nested via circumferentially distributed annular guide grooves and guide roller assemblies. An annular guide groove is defined on the inner wall of the outer shell 101, while multiple rollers are mounted on the outer wall of the inner shell 102, embedded within the grooves. This allows the inner shell 102 to slide axially under impact while limiting radial displacement. The buffer cavity 3 formed between the two gradually decreases in width from top to bottom, with the top cavity being widest to accommodate initial impact deformation and gradually narrowing at the bottom to enhance structural stability. The cavity is filled with an elastic damping rubber layer, which is bonded to the inner wall of the outer shell 101 and forms a non-fixed connection with the corrugated contact surface of the outer wall of the inner shell 102. During an impact, the inner shell 102 displaces and squeezes the rubber layer, generating deformation and energy absorption. Under normal conditions, the outer shell 101 is locked to the inner shell 102's retaining hole via a spring-loaded spherical retaining pin, maintaining a rigid connection. When the impact force exceeds a threshold, the retaining pin compresses and releases the hole, freeing the inner shell 102 to slide freely, achieving a dynamic transition from rigid load-bearing to flexible cushioning. The bottom of the inner shell 102 is connected to the device base via a floating support. This support incorporates a multi-directional damping spring, allowing for three-dimensional micro-movement to disperse residual impact energy.

[0047] The three-dimensional continuous undulating support frame 301 within the buffer cavity 3 is composed of a circular array of elastic support units, each of which includes a raised section 302, a recessed section 303, and a deformation node 307 at the junction. The outer end of the raised section 302 is connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 101 via a bidirectional hinge, with the hinge axis perpendicular to the shell axis, allowing the raised section 302 to swing in both directions. The inner end of the recessed section 303 is connected to the outer wall of the inner shell 102 via a ball-type universal joint 304. The ball seat of the universal joint 304 is fixed to the inner shell 102, and the ball head is threadedly locked with the end of the recessed section 303, enabling multi-degree-of-freedom rotation. The deformation node 307 houses a nonlinear spring assembly whose stiffness increases with compression, initially providing flexible cushioning and later transitioning to a high-stiffness limiter. The outer surface of the node features a toothed meshing surface that engages with the counterweight slider 306 on the variable-diameter slide rail 305. When an impact force acts on the outer shell 101, the raised section 302 swings outward, pushing the recessed section 303 and displacing the inner shell 102. The spring at the deformation node 307 compresses, driving the counterweight slider 306 along the slide rail. The slide rail is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 101 along a spiral, variable-diameter track. Its surface features a T-shaped guide groove and an embedded helical rack. The helical gear at the bottom of the counterweight slider 306 meshes with the rack, while the top gear engages the toothed surface of the deformation node 307. As the slider moves toward the smaller radius of the slide rail, the gear ratio increases, slowing its movement while counteracting the deformation of the support frame 301 through the inertial force of the counterweight, forming a negative feedback regulation mechanism that achieves graded dissipation of impact energy and optimized stiffness gradient distribution.

[0048] The pressure relief channel 308 runs through the double-layer shell. A conical deflector 309 is mounted on the top of the outer shell 101, with spiral deflectors 322 on the inner wall. A diffusion chamber 310 is embedded in the top of the inner shell 102, with the pitch of its deflector ribs increasing along the pressure relief direction. The conical deflector 309 is connected to the diffusion chamber 310 via an eccentric rotating shaft 311. The axis of the rotating shaft deviates from the geometric center of the conical deflector 309, allowing the conical deflector 309 to swing around the axis to adjust the pressure relief angle between it and the diffusion chamber 310. The displacement of the counterweight slider 306 is transmitted to the bevel gear 501 via the swing arm assembly 401. The swing arm assembly 401 consists of a cross-link, one end hinged to the side wall of the slider, and the other end driving the bevel gear 501 to rotate, converting the slider's linear motion into axial rotation of the eccentric rotating shaft 311. When the impact intensifies, the slider displacement increases, the swing arm swings wider, and the drive shaft accelerates. The conical air guide hood 309 swings to widen the pressure relief angle, reducing the degree of interlacing between the guide plate 322 and the guide ribs of the diffusion chamber 310, forming a high-speed pressure relief path. Conversely, when the angle decreases, the interlacing between the guide ribs and the air guide plate 322 intensifies, forcing the airflow to spiral downward and achieve multi-stage deceleration and diffusion through the gradually expanding pitch guide ribs. The alternating spiral guide ribs 323 and the recessed guide grooves 324 on the inner wall of the diffusion chamber 310 further separate the airflow. The recessed guide grooves 324 accelerate pressure relief, and the spiral guide ribs 323 enhance turbulent energy dissipation. Combined with the spiral airflow channel in the dust collection chamber at the outlet of the diffusion chamber 310, dust centrifugal sedimentation is achieved.

[0049] The pressure balancing mechanism 4 consists of a locking block 402 at the end of the swing arm assembly 401 and a damping plate 403 on the inner wall of the buffer chamber 3. The locking block 402 is connected to the swing arm via a ball joint 407, and its bottom surface is provided with a serrated engagement surface. The surface of the damping plate 403 is machined with wavy grooves, the groove depth decreasing from the center to the edge. When the swing arm swings with the displacement of the counterweight slider 306, the locking block 402 flips so that its serrated surface engages with the groove of the damping plate 403. The greater the impact force, the deeper the engagement depth, and the larger the contact area, the stronger the friction damping force. The wavy groove forces the locking block 402 to produce periodic micro-vibrations during the engagement process, further dissipating energy through structural friction. The elastic limit strip 326 set at the edge of the damping plate 403 contacts the side wall of the locking block 402. Its thickness gradually decreases along the extension direction, providing increasing elastic resistance in the later stages of engagement, forming a multi-stage buffer from friction damping to elastic limiting. This mechanism achieves nonlinear damping response through the synergistic effect of geometric interference and material deformation, effectively suppressing high-frequency vibrations and transient overloads while avoiding damage to the mechanism caused by rigid collisions.

[0050] The nested housings achieve switching between rigid and flexible states through guide rollers and elastic limit pins. The meshing linkage between the support frame 301 and the variable-diameter slide rail 305 creates a stiffness gradient. The eccentric shaft 311 of the pressure relief channel 308 adjusts and optimizes pressure relief efficiency. The interlocking mechanism between the locking block 402 and the damping plate 403 provides intelligent damping control. Through physical coupling, these structures form a comprehensive protection system, from impact energy absorption and graded pressure release to multi-path vibration dissipation, significantly improving the reliability and durability of the equipment under explosive or shock conditions.

[0051] The elastic deformation of the support frame 301, the airflow discharge of the pressure relief channel 308, and the friction energy consumption of the damping plate 403 form a three-level energy dissipation path. The displacement of the counterweight slider 306 is fed back to the bevel gear group 5 and the swing arm group 401 in real time, and the pressure relief efficiency, deformation stiffness and damping force are adjusted in a coordinated manner; the variable stiffness of the elastic deformation zone 314 achieves a balance between local impact response and global stability. After the impact disappears, the elastic rebound force, the centrifugal force of the slide rail, and the reset force of the swing arm drive the system to return to its initial state. The multi-degree-of-freedom design of the universal joint 304 and the hinge point avoids reset interference. Through mechanical linkage and intelligent allocation of energy paths, efficient suppression of explosion shock, rapid discharge of pressure waves, and long-term stable operation of the equipment are achieved.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Based on the first embodiment, the solution in the first embodiment is further detailed in combination with the following specific working methods. Figures 1 to 9 As shown, see the following description for details:

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the support frame 301 is composed of multiple groups of elastic support segments 312 distributed along a circular array, the raised segments 302 of each group of the elastic support segments 312 are hinged to the outer shell 101 through a rotating pair 313, and elastic deformation zones 314 with different deformation coefficients are provided between adjacent elastic support segments 312, the deformation coefficient is adjusted by the displacement of the counterweight slider 306 on the variable diameter slide rail 305, and the end of each group of the elastic support segments 312 extends to the edge of the buffer cavity 3 to form an elastic constraint boundary; further, the support frame 301 is composed of six groups of elastic support segments 312 distributed in a circular array, and the raised segments 302 of each group of the elastic support segments 312 are hinged to the outer shell 101 through a hinge seat with a limiting groove. 1 connection; a V-shaped elastic deformation zone 314 is set between adjacent elastic support sections 312, the V-shaped opening direction is toward the center of the buffer cavity 3, and the difference in thickness of the two side walls forms different deformation coefficients; the elastic constraint boundary is composed of an arc-shaped constraint strip extending from the end of the elastic support section 312, and a spherical limit head is provided at the end of the constraint strip, which forms a rolling contact with the limit slot at the edge of the buffer cavity 3; when the counterweight slider 306 is displaced, the driving gear engages with the V-shaped elastic deformation zone 314 with different deformation coefficients, forcing the spherical limit head at the end of the constraint strip to roll in the limit slot, and by matching the change in the arc length of the constraint strip with the contour of the slot, a boundary restriction on the overall deformation of the support frame 301 is formed, and at the same time, the differential deformation of the two side walls of the V-shaped zone produces an asymmetric damping effect, thereby realizing multi-stage buffering control.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the elastic support section 312 includes elastic arms 315 and rigid support blocks 316 that are alternately arranged, and the elastic arms 315 connect the adjacent raised sections 302 and the recessed sections 303 through arc-shaped transition portions 317, and the rigid support block 316 is provided with a guide rack 318 that engages with the counterweight slider 306, and the tooth profile of the guide rack 318 is adapted to the tooth groove on the bottom surface of the counterweight slider 306; further, the elastic support section 312 is composed of elastic arms 315 and rigid support blocks 316 that are alternately arranged, and the two ends of the elastic arms 315 are smoothly connected with the raised sections 302 and the recessed sections 303 through arc-shaped transition portions 317; the rigid support block 316 is provided with a guide rack 318 inside, including an arc-shaped guide groove and a guide rack that engages with the guide rack 318. The slider rack, the extension direction of the arc guide groove coincides with the tangent direction of the variable diameter slide rail 305; the bottom surface of the counterweight slider 306 is provided with a driving gear that meshes with the slider rack, and the driving gear is hinged to the bottom surface of the counterweight slider 306 through a rotating shaft; the surface of the slider rack is provided with an involute tooth profile, and the tooth top circle diameter of the driving gear increases along the variable diameter direction of the slide rail; the linkage constraint mechanism includes limiting rollers arranged on both sides of the arc guide groove, and the limiting rollers are in rolling contact with the guide flange on the back of the slider rack; when the counterweight slider 306 moves, the driving gear rolls along the slider rack, and the tooth top circle diameter increases, resulting in a gradual increase in the meshing depth. At the same time, the limiting rollers constrain the lateral offset of the slider rack, forcing the elastic arm 315 to produce differential deformation through the arc transition portion 317, forming a graded deformation response that matches the slide rail trajectory.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, a limiting boss 319 is provided at the elastic arm 315, and the limiting boss 319 forms a sliding fit with the slide groove 320 provided on the side wall of the rigid support block 316, and a stepped damping surface 321 matching the contact surface of the limiting boss 319 is provided in the slide groove 320, and the step height of the stepped damping surface 321 decreases step by step from the outer shell 101 to the inner shell 102 side; further, the limiting boss 319 is a trapezoidal block structure, and inclined surfaces matching the stepped damping surface 321 are provided on both sides thereof; the slide groove 320 is opened in the middle of the side wall of the rigid support block 316, and the stepped damping surface 321 in the groove is composed of multiple layers of steps with decreasing heights, and the step surface Covered with a wear-resistant coating; the limiting boss 319 is embedded in the slide groove 320 and contacts the step through the roller assembly, and the roller assembly includes symmetrically distributed guide wheels and compression springs, and the guide wheel axis is perpendicular to the edge of the step; when the elastic arm 315 is deformed by external force, the limiting boss 319 slides along the slide groove 320, and the guide wheel sequentially crosses steps of different heights, and the compression amount of the compression spring increases each time a step is crossed; the deformation of the elastic arm 315 pushes the limiting boss 319 to displace, and the guide wheel rolls along the stepped damping surface 321, and the decreasing step height forces the compression spring to gradually increase the compression resistance. At the same time, the contact area between the inclined surface of the limiting boss 319 and the step is adjusted with the height change, forming a graded buffer mechanism linked to the deformation coefficient of the elastic deformation zone 314.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the conical guide cover 309 is provided with an inclined guide plate 322, and the extended end of the guide plate 322 is staggered and interlocked with the spiral guide rib 323 in the diffusion chamber 310, and the pitch of the spiral guide rib 323 is linearly increasing along the pressure relief direction; further, the guide plate 322 on the inner wall of the conical guide cover 309 is an arc-shaped plate body arranged in an inclined radial shape, and the root of each guide plate 322 is connected to the inner wall of the cover through a hinge seat, and a forked engaging claw extends from the end; the spiral guide rib 323 in the diffusion chamber 310 is composed of a continuous spirally rising strip rib, and its surface is provided with an engaging groove matching the shape of the engaging claw, and The pitch between adjacent spiral guide ribs 323 gradually increases from the inlet end to the outlet end; the engaging claws are inserted into the engaging grooves to form a sliding fit, so that the end of the guide plate 322 can slide along the surface of the spiral guide rib 323; when the eccentric rotating shaft 311 drives the conical guide cover 309 to swing, the guide plate 322 deflects around the root hinge seat, and the engaging claws slide along the engaging grooves of the spiral guide rib 323, forcing the pitch change area of the spiral guide rib 323 to be linked with the inclination angle of the guide plate 322 to adjust; after the high-speed airflow is divided by the guide plate 322, it diffuses along the increasing pitch channel of the spiral guide rib 323. The increase in pitch causes the airflow swirl radius to increase step by step, forming a multi-stage pressure reduction effect with decreasing vortex intensity.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the swing arm group 401 includes at least two groups of cross-hinged swing arm links 404, the middle part of the swing arm link 404 is connected to the outer shell 101 through an elastic hinge point 405, and the end of the swing arm link 404 is provided with an extension arm 406 with adjustable length, and the extension arm 406 is connected to the locking block 402 through a ball hinge 407, so that the flip angle of the locking block 402 is adjusted with the displacement of the counterweight slider 306; further, the swing arm group 401 is composed of two groups of cross-hinged swing arm links 404, the middle part of the swing arm link 404 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 101 through an elastic hinge point 405, the elastic hinge point 405 includes an annular elastic sleeve and a hinge shaft running through it, and the end of the swing arm link 404 is provided with an extension arm 406; the extension arm 406 is The cam 406 is connected to the locking block 402 through a ball hinge 407. The ball hinge 407 includes a spherical joint seat and a universal ball head embedded therein. The universal ball head is fixed to the locking block 402 through a connecting rod. When the counterweight slider 306 is displaced, the swing arm connecting rod 404 is pulled to swing around the elastic hinge point 405. The extension arm 406 changes its overall length as the sliding sleeve expands and contracts. At the same time, the universal ball head of the ball hinge 407 deflects as the swing arm angle changes, driving the locking block 402 to flip around the axis. The flipping angle of the locking block 402 is dynamically matched with the expansion and contraction of the extension arm 406 and the swing amplitude of the swing arm, forming a graded adjustment of the bite force of the damping plate 403.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the diffusion chamber 310 is provided with a recessed guide groove 324 along the circumferential direction, the recessed guide groove 324 forms a clearance fit with the spiral guide rib 323, and the width of the recessed guide groove 324 is stepped along the pressure relief direction to form a multi-stage diffusion buffer zone; further, the spiral guide rib 323 and the recessed guide groove 324 are alternately distributed along the inner wall of the diffusion chamber 310, the spiral guide rib 323 and the guide plate 322 retain a gap, and the width of the recessed guide groove 324 is stepped along the pressure relief direction; when the high-pressure airflow enters the diffusion chamber 310 through the guide plate 322 At 0, the spiral part of the spiral guide rib 323 forms an initial pressure relief channel, and the airflow is diverted along the spiral depression to the concave guide grooves 324 on both sides. The step-by-step expansion of the groove width gradually reduces the flow rate. At the same time, the spiral structure of the spiral guide rib 323 forces the airflow to generate vortexes, which cooperates with the expansion space of the concave guide groove 324 to form a multi-stage diffusion deceleration; the multi-stage diffusion buffer zone realizes the velocity gradient attenuation and pressure balance distribution of the impact airflow through the diversion of the spiral guide rib 323, the stepped expansion of the concave guide groove 324 and the dynamic deflection of the guide plate, and cooperates with the angle adjustment of the pressure relief channel 308 to form a composite pressure relief mechanism.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the guide rack 318 is arranged along the length direction of the rigid support block 316, the curvature of the guide rack 318 matches the trajectory of the variable diameter slide 305, and the bottom surface of the counterweight slider 306 is provided with a fan-shaped gear 325 meshing with the guide rack 318, and the number of teeth of the fan-shaped gear 325 increases along the variable diameter direction of the slide rail; further, the guide rack 318 is an arc-shaped rack, which extends along the outer arc surface of the rigid support block 316 and is parallel to its axis, and the curvature radius of the tooth profile is consistent with the curved trajectory of the variable diameter slide rail 305; the fan-shaped gear 325 is installed at the bottom of the counterweight slider 306 through a rotating shaft, the gear tooth surface meshes with the guide rack 318, and the number of teeth gradually increases from the outside to the inside along the slide rail; The dynamic constraint component includes guide rollers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sector gear 325, which are embedded in the limiting groove on the back of the guide rack 318 and roll along it; the tooth top height of the sector gear 325 and the tooth root clearance of the guide rack 318 change in the opposite direction of the sliding rail diameter change, and when the counterweight slider 306 moves, the meshing section length of the sector gear 325 with increasing number of teeth and the guide rack 318 is dynamically adjusted; when the counterweight slider 306 displaces along the variable diameter slide rail 305, the meshing position of the sector gear 325 and the guide rack 318 shifts with the curvature of the slide rail, and at the same time, the guide rollers constrain the radial swing of the sector gear 325, so that the number of meshing teeth increases step by step with the increase of displacement, thereby changing the force transmission ratio of the deformation node 307, forming a graded and increasing deformation resistance.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, an elastic limit strip 326 parallel to the stepped damping surface 321 is further provided in the slide groove 320, one end of the elastic limit strip 326 is fixed to the end of the slide groove 320, and the other end contacts the side wall of the limiting boss 319, and the thickness of the elastic limit strip 326 gradually decreases along the extension direction of the slide groove 320, forming a gradual damping gradient; further, the elastic limit strip 326 includes a fixed end mounting seat, a wedge-shaped elastic body and a contact end, the fixed end mounting seat is fastened to the end inner wall of the slide groove 320 by bolts, the wedge-shaped elastic body is an inclined wedge-shaped structure and its thickness decreases linearly from the fixed end to the contact end; the contact end is an arcuate surface, and is in contact with the arc groove of the side wall of the limiting boss 319. Surface contact is formed; the wedge-shaped elastic body is arranged parallel to the stepped damping surface 321 along the extension direction of the slide groove 320, and a deformation gap is reserved between its lower surface and the bottom surface of the slide groove 320; when the limiting boss 319 slides, the contact end is squeezed to force the wedge-shaped elastic body to bend in the direction of the deformation gap, and at the same time, its thickness decreasing characteristic makes the clamping force between the contact end and the limiting boss 319 change gradually under different displacement amounts; when the limiting boss 319 moves along the slide groove 320, its side wall continuously pushes the contact end of the elastic limiting strip 326 through the arc-shaped groove, and the wedge-shaped elastic body produces differentiated bending deformation due to the gradual change in thickness, thereby adjusting the sliding resistance to the limiting boss 319 in stages, and forming a coordinated damping control with the decreasing height of the stepped damping surface 321.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the bevel gear set 5 includes at least two groups of bevel gear parts 501 with different transmission ratios, and the bevel gear parts 501 are linked with the swing arm group 401 through a switching mechanism 502. When the impact force reaches a preset threshold, the switching mechanism 502 drives the bevel gear parts 501 to switch the meshing state to change the rotation speed of the eccentric shaft 311 and the adjustment ratio of the pressure relief angle; further, the bevel gear set 5 includes a main driving bevel gear, at least two groups of driven bevel gears and a switching mechanism 502. The main driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft at the end of the swing arm group 401, and the driven bevel gears are respectively connected to the eccentric shaft 311 through independent rotating shafts and have different transmission ratios; the switching mechanism 502 includes a slide rail arranged along the radial direction of the main driving bevel gear, a sliding seat movable along the slide rail, and an elastic snap assembly, and the sliding seat An intermediate transition gear is provided on it, which is engaged with the main drive bevel gear, and an elastic snap assembly is fixed to the end of the slide rail and engaged with the limit groove on the side wall of the sliding seat; when the impact force does not reach the threshold, the sliding seat maintains its initial position through the elastic snap, and the intermediate transition gear is engaged with the driven bevel gear with a low transmission ratio; when the impact force exceeds the threshold, the swing displacement of the swing arm group 401 drives the sliding seat to move along the slide rail through the rack, the elastic snap disengages from the limit groove, and the intermediate transition gear switches to engage with the driven bevel gear with a high transmission ratio; a return spring is provided at the bottom of the sliding seat, which pushes the sliding seat back to its position after the impact ends; the linkage relationship is manifested as follows: when the swing arm group 401 swings, the rack drives the sliding seat to move, the transition gear is synchronously translated and forms an engagement switch with different driven bevel gears, thereby changing the corresponding relationship between the rotation speed of the eccentric shaft 311 and the pressure relief angle adjustment ratio.

[0063] Finally, a few points should be explained: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, and may refer to mechanical or electrical connections, internal communication between two components, or direct connection. "Up," "down," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute positions of the objects being described change, the relative positional relationships may also change.

[0064] Secondly, the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention. Other structures can refer to common designs. In the absence of conflicts, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0065] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet, characterized in that: include: A buffer cavity (3) is formed by an outer shell (101) and an inner shell (102) which are nested with each other and a gap therebetween. The buffer cavity (3) is provided with: A support frame (301) presenting a three-dimensional continuous undulating structure, wherein a raised section (302) is hinged to the outer shell (101), and a recessed section (303) is connected to the inner shell (102) via a universal joint (304); A variable diameter slide rail (305) is circumferentially arranged around the inner wall of the outer shell (101), a movable counterweight slider (306) is provided on the variable diameter slide rail (305), the counterweight slider (306) is engaged with a deformation node (307) of the support frame (301), and the deformation node (307) is a connecting area between the raised section (302) and the recessed section (303); The pressure relief channel (308) includes a conical flow guide cover (309) provided on the outer shell (101) and a diffusion chamber (310) provided on the inner shell (102), wherein the conical flow guide cover (309) and the diffusion chamber (310) adjust the angle of fluid conduction via an eccentric rotating shaft (311); A pressure balancing mechanism (4) comprises a swing arm assembly (401) linked to the counterweight slider (306), a flippable locking block (402) at the end of the swing arm, and a damping plate (403) disposed in the buffer cavity (3), wherein the locking block (402) engages with the damping plate (403); The distance between the raised section (302) and the recessed section (303) generates a graded and decreasing deformation gradient along with the displacement of the counterweight slider (306) on the variable diameter slide rail (305); when an impact force acts, the swing arm group (401) converts the plane swing into the axial rotation of the eccentric shaft (311) through the bevel gear group (5), thereby driving the conical air guide cover (309) to swing, thereby changing the pressure relief angle formed between the conical air guide cover (309) and the diffusion chamber (310); and the axial rotation angle is positively correlated with the external force impact intensity.

2. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support frame (301) is composed of multiple groups of elastic support segments (312) distributed along a ring array, the raised segments (302) of each group of the elastic support segments (312) are hinged to the outer shell (101) through a rotating pair (313), and elastic deformation zones (314) with different deformation coefficients are provided between adjacent elastic support segments (312). The deformation coefficient is adjusted by the displacement of the counterweight slider (306) on the variable diameter slide rail (305), and the end of each group of the elastic support segments (312) extends to the edge of the buffer cavity (3) to form an elastic constraint boundary.

3. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support section (312) includes elastic arms (315) and rigid support blocks (316) that are alternately arranged. The elastic arms (315) connect the adjacent raised sections (302) and recessed sections (303) via arc-shaped transition portions (317). The rigid support block (316) is provided with a guide rack (318) that engages with the counterweight slider (306). The tooth profile of the guide rack (318) is adapted to the tooth groove on the bottom surface of the counterweight slider (306).

4. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A limiting boss (319) is provided at the elastic arm (315), and the limiting boss (319) forms a sliding fit with a slide groove (320) provided on the side wall of the rigid support block (316). A stepped damping surface (321) matching the contact surface of the limiting boss (319) is provided in the slide groove (320), and the step height of the stepped damping surface (321) decreases step by step from the outer shell (101) to the inner shell (102).

5. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the conical guide cover (309) is provided with an inclined guide plate (322), the extended end of the guide plate (322) is staggered and engaged with the spiral guide rib (323) in the diffusion chamber (310), and the pitch of the spiral guide rib (323) is linearly increased along the pressure relief direction.

6. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing arm group (401) includes at least two groups of cross-hinged swing arm connecting rods (404), the middle part of the swing arm connecting rod (404) is connected to the outer shell (101) through an elastic hinge point (405), and the end of the swing arm connecting rod (404) is provided with an extension arm (406) with adjustable length, and the extension arm (406) is connected to the locking block (402) through a ball joint (407), so that the flip angle of the locking block (402) is adjusted according to the displacement of the counterweight slider (306).

7. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the diffusion chamber (310) is provided with a concave guide groove (324) along the circumferential direction, the concave guide groove (324) and the spiral guide rib (323) form a clearance fit, and the width of the concave guide groove (324) expands in a step-like manner along the pressure relief direction, forming a multi-stage diffusion buffer zone.

8. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rack (318) is arranged along the length direction of the rigid support block (316), the curvature of the guide rack (318) matches the trajectory of the variable diameter slide rail (305), and the bottom surface of the counterweight slider (306) is provided with a fan-shaped gear (325) meshing with the guide rack (318), and the number of teeth of the fan-shaped gear (325) increases along the variable diameter direction of the slide rail.

9. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic limiting strip (326) parallel to the stepped damping surface (321) is further provided in the chute (320), one end of the elastic limiting strip (326) is fixed to the end of the chute (320), and the other end is in contact with the side wall of the limiting boss (319), and the thickness of the elastic limiting strip (326) gradually decreases along the extension direction of the chute (320), forming a gradual damping gradient.

10. The double-layer explosion-proof intelligent electrical cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bevel gear set (5) comprises at least two sets of bevel gear members (501) with different transmission ratios. The bevel gear members (501) are linked to the swing arm set (401) via a switching mechanism (502). When the impact force reaches a preset threshold, the switching mechanism (502) drives the bevel gear members (501) to switch the meshing state, thereby changing the adjustment ratio of the rotation speed of the eccentric shaft (311) and the pressure relief angle.

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