Floating type outer circle honing head

Abstract

The floating type outer circle honing head comprises an outer supporting frame, a middle supporting frame and an inner supporting frame which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, horizontal sliding devices are arranged on the two opposite sides of the middle supporting frame in the horizontal direction correspondingly, and vertical sliding devices are arranged on the two opposite sides of the inner supporting frame in the vertical direction correspondingly. The inner supporting frame is provided with a plurality of adjusting devices, and further comprises an elastic reset device and a floating balance device. The inner supporting frame is in a full-floating state, the position of the oilstone can be finely adjusted through floating of the inner supporting frame, the oilstone is made to make contact with the surface of a workpiece evenly all the time, and therefore the machining precision is improved; the inner supporting frame is provided with the elastic reset device and the floating balance device, the oilstone can be better concentrated in the middle of the inner supporting frame, the situation that the oilstone cannot be reset after displacement due to extrusion of a workpiece is avoided, the influence of the gravity of the inner supporting frame on the oilstone is better counteracted, the situation that the oilstone integrally exerts downward pressure on the workpiece is avoided, and the machining precision is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of honing equipment, in particular to a floating external cylindrical honing head. Background Art

[0002] Honing is a special type of grinding process that uses an oilstone embedded in a honing head to machine the workpiece surface. It can perform fine grinding on flat, cylindrical, and spherical surfaces. A honing machine is a grinding machine that uses the honing tool to perform fine machining on the workpiece surface. It is primarily used to hone workpiece holes in manufacturing industries such as automobiles, tractors, hydraulic components, bearings, and aviation.

[0003] The honing head, inlaid with an oilstone, rotates on a vertically mounted spindle and is hydraulically driven to perform vertical reciprocating motion. The honing head does not rotate, but only performs axial reciprocating motion. The workpiece is rotated by the spindle. A center rest supports the workpiece and a guide frame supports the honing rod in the center of the machine bed. During machining, the oilstone in the honing head is fed radially by an expansion and contraction mechanism, gradually machining the workpiece to the desired dimensions. In addition to traditional honing machines for hole machining, there are also external cylindrical honing machines for machining other surfaces, bearing raceway honing machines, flat honing machines, and curved honing machines.

[0004] A cylindrical honing machine is a device used to process the curved outer surface of a cylindrical structure. Its oilstones are evenly distributed on the outside of the workpiece, and feed is achieved by approaching the workpiece surface from the outside. In the existing technology, cylindrical honing feed can generally be driven by hydraulic or pneumatic drive. Of the two drive feed methods, hydraulic feed cannot achieve precise feeding and has high maintenance costs. The hydraulic oil needs to be replaced regularly, and the seals are easily damaged. The feed mechanism itself is heavy, which affects the processing accuracy. Pneumatic feed can also affect the processing accuracy due to unstable and fluctuating air pressure. This leads to the problem that the processing accuracy is easily affected. In addition, there are certain problems with the support structure of existing cylindrical honing machines. It is difficult to ensure that the frame maintains balance under gravity conditions, which may cause the honing head to cause processing deviations on the workpiece surface. Finally, when the workpiece rotates under the drive of the spindle, its surface inevitably has certain bumps and depressions. This will lead to differences in contact pressure between the oilstone and the workpiece surface, thereby affecting the processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a floating external cylindrical honing head, which solves the problem of poor machining accuracy caused by the feeding method and support structure of the honing head in the prior art.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a floating external cylindrical honing head includes an outer support frame, a middle support frame, and an inner support frame arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, wherein the outer support frame, the middle support frame, and the inner support frame are coplanar square frame structures, wherein:

[0007] A base is fixedly provided at the bottom of the outer support frame;

[0008] The middle support frame is provided with horizontal sliding devices on two opposite sides in the horizontal direction, so that the middle support frame can move left and right in the horizontal direction relative to the outer support frame;

[0009] The inner support frame is fixed relative to the middle support frame in the horizontal direction, and vertical sliding devices are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the inner support frame in the vertical direction, so that the inner support frame can move up and down in the vertical direction relative to the middle support frame and the outer support frame; a plurality of adjustment devices are provided on the inner support frame, and the adjustment devices can move relative to the inner support frame, and oil stones are installed on the adjustment devices so that all oil stones are oriented towards the center position of the inner support frame;

[0010] It also includes an elastic reset device and a floating balancing device. The elastic reset device is arranged in conjunction with the outer support frame, the middle support frame and the inner support frame. The elastic reset device enables the inner support frame to always return to its original position after being offset by external force; the floating balancing device causes the inner support frame to be subjected to an upward supporting force, thereby resisting gravity and keeping it in a suspended state.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal sliding device includes two coaxially arranged horizontal sliding columns, and the horizontal sliding column is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer support frame near one end of the outer support frame. Horizontal holes corresponding to the horizontal sliding columns are relatively arranged on both sides of the middle support frame, so that the horizontal sliding columns just pass through the horizontal holes, allowing the middle support frame to move in the horizontal direction relative to the outer support frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical sliding device includes coaxially arranged upper and lower sliding columns, which are fixedly arranged on the outside of the inner support frame near one end of the inner support frame. Vertical holes corresponding to the upper and lower sliding columns are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle support frame, so that the upper and lower sliding columns exactly pass through the vertical holes, allowing the inner support frame to move vertically relative to the middle support frame. In addition, copper-based steel ball sleeves are installed in the vertical holes, allowing the middle support frame to flip up and down relative to the outer support frame; similarly, the inner support frame can also flip left and right while moving up and down within the middle support frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment device includes two strip-shaped mounting seats movably mounted on the inner support frame, and the two ends of the mounting seats are slidingly connected to the two opposite sides of the inner support frame respectively. A driving mechanism is also provided inside the inner support frame to control the mounting seat to move along its own vertical direction inside the inner support frame. At the same time, the two mounting seats are arranged relative to each other, so that the oilstones installed on the inner side of the mounting seat also move synchronously, ensuring that all oilstones are at the same distance from the center position of the inner support frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a transmission rod arranged on one side of the inner support frame, and sliding blocks are movably connected at both ends of the transmission rod. The transmission rod and the sliding block are connected by a screw rod, thereby driving the sliding block to move closer or farther away synchronously; the mounting seat is perpendicular to the transmission rod, and one end of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the other end is slidably connected to the inner support frame.

[0015] Furthermore, an adjustment seat is provided on the mounting seat. The adjustment seat is a strip structure perpendicular to the plane where the inner support frame is located. The side close to the center position of the inner support frame is fixedly connected to the oilstone. A guide rail is provided on the inner side of the mounting seat, and the adjustment seat is movably installed on the guide rail so that it can move freely along the guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, the elastic reset device includes four springs arranged at the four corners of the outer support frame and the middle support frame, one end of the spring is fixed at the top corner of the outer support frame, and the other end is fixed to the side of the middle support frame to form an inclined support structure, and the springs are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the middle support frame is subjected to uniform elastic force.

[0017] Furthermore, the floating balancing device includes a supporting oil cylinder arranged in conjunction with the lower sliding column, the supporting oil cylinder coaxially passes through the lower sliding column, so that the top end of the supporting oil cylinder is connected to the inner support frame, and the bottom end of the supporting oil cylinder is connected and fixed to the base, and also includes a high-pressure nitrogen bottle arranged on the outside, the nitrogen bottle is connected to the supporting oil cylinder, so that floating support of the inner support frame is achieved by nitrogen pressurization, so that the inner support frame is in a zero-gravity state and can float freely with the position of the workpiece.

[0018] Furthermore, a reinforcing rod is provided at the corner of the middle support frame, and both ends of the reinforcing rod are respectively fixed on adjacent sides at the corner of the middle support frame, and the spring is connected to the reinforcing rod at one end corresponding to the middle support frame.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In the present invention, the outer support frame, the middle support frame, and the inner support frame are sequentially connected in horizontal and vertical sliding manner, so that the inner support frame is in a fully floating state. When a workpiece passing through the middle of the inner support frame is squeezed by an oilstone due to any unevenness or slight shaking, the position of the oilstone can be fine-tuned by the floating of the inner support frame, so that the oilstone always contacts the workpiece surface evenly, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0021] 2. An adjustment device is provided on the inner support frame, and the adjustment device can move relative to the inner support frame. The adjustment device is equipped with oilstones so that all oilstones are oriented toward the center of the inner support frame. In this way, the oilstones are fed by the horizontal movement of the adjustment device, which has the advantages of greater stability and higher precision.

[0022] 3. The present invention has an elastic reset device and a floating balancing device, wherein the elastic reset device is arranged in conjunction with the outer support frame, the middle support frame and the inner support frame. The elastic reset device enables the inner support frame to always return to its original position after being offset by an external force, so that the inner support frame can better concentrate the oilstone in the middle, avoiding the inability to reset after displacement due to the extrusion of the workpiece, thereby affecting subsequent processing; the floating balancing device causes the inner support frame to be subjected to an upward support force, thereby resisting gravity and keeping it in a suspended state, which can better offset the influence of the inner support frame's own gravity on the oilstone, avoid the oilstone as a whole exerting downward pressure on the workpiece, and further improve the processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a floating balancing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The dotted line portion is the portion of the middle support frame that is blocked by the base.

[0027] In the above drawings: 1. Outer support frame; 2. Middle support frame; 3. Inner support frame; 4. Horizontal sliding column; 5. Upper sliding column; 6. Lower sliding column; 7. Mounting seat; 8. Adjustment seat; 9. Spring; 10. High-pressure nitrogen cylinder; 11. Base; 61. Support cylinder; 62. Jet nozzle; 71. Guide rail; 81. Oil stone; 91. Reinforcement rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a floating external cylindrical honing head, including an outer support frame 1, a middle support frame 2 and an inner support frame 3 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the outer support frame 1, the middle support frame 2 and the inner support frame 3 are coplanar square frame structures.

[0031] Specifically, a base 11 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the outer support frame 1. The width of the bottom of the outer support frame 1 is greater than the top, making the area of the base 11 much larger than the area of the top of the outer support frame 1. Upward-folding baffles are provided on the front and rear sides of the base 11, partially shielding the middle support frame 2. This prevents other equipment placed on the bottom from touching the middle support frame 2 or the inner support frame 3 during operation, thereby affecting processing accuracy.

[0032] The middle support frame 2 is provided with horizontal sliding devices on both sides opposite to each other in the horizontal direction, so that the middle support frame 2 can move left and right in the horizontal direction relative to the outer support frame 1; the inner support frame 3 is fixed relative to the middle support frame 2 in the horizontal direction, and the inner support frame 3 is provided with vertical sliding devices on both sides opposite to each other in the vertical direction, so that the inner support frame 3 can move up and down in the vertical direction relative to the middle support frame 2 and the outer support frame 1.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, specifically, the horizontal sliding device includes two coaxially arranged horizontal sliding columns 4. The horizontal sliding columns 4 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the outer support frame 1 near one end of the outer support frame 1. Horizontal holes corresponding to the horizontal sliding columns 4 are provided on opposite sides of the middle support frame 2, so that the horizontal sliding columns 4 pass through the horizontal holes, allowing the middle support frame 2 to move horizontally relative to the outer support frame 1. The vertical sliding device includes an upper sliding column 5 and a lower sliding column 6 coaxially arranged. The upper sliding column 5 and the lower sliding column 6 are fixedly mounted on the outside of the inner support frame 3 near one end of the inner support frame 3. Vertical holes corresponding to the upper sliding column 5 and the lower sliding column 6 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the middle support frame 2, so that the upper sliding column 5 and the lower sliding column 6 pass through the vertical holes, allowing the inner support frame 3 to move vertically relative to the middle support frame 2. This allows the inner support frame 3 to move vertically relative to the middle support frame 2, and the middle support frame 2 and the inner support frame 3 to move horizontally as a whole, ultimately achieving a fully floating state of the inner support frame 3 in both horizontal and vertical directions. When the workpiece passing through the middle of the inner support frame 3 is squeezed on the oil stone 81 due to any unevenness or slight shaking, the position of the oil stone 81 can be fine-tuned by floating the inner support frame 3 so that the oil stone 81 always contacts the workpiece surface evenly.

[0034] In this embodiment, a plurality of adjustment devices are provided on the inner support frame 3, and the adjustment devices can be moved relative to the inner support frame 3. The adjustment devices are equipped with oilstones 81 so that all the oilstones 81 are oriented toward the center of the inner support frame 3. Specifically, the adjustment device includes two strip-shaped mounting seats 7 movably mounted on the inner support frame 3, and the two ends of the mounting seats 7 are respectively slidably connected to the two opposite sides of the inner support frame 3. A driving mechanism is also provided inside the inner support frame 3 to control the mounting seats 7 to move along their own vertical direction inside the inner support frame 3. At the same time, the two mounting seats 7 are arranged relative to each other, so that the oilstones 81 installed on the inner sides of the mounting seats 7 also move synchronously, ensuring that all the oilstones 81 are at the same distance from the center of the inner support frame 3. Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a transmission rod disposed on one side of the inner support frame 3, with sliding blocks movably connected to both ends of the transmission rod. The transmission rod and the sliding blocks are connected by a screw rod, thereby driving the sliding blocks to move toward or away from each other synchronously; the mounting seat 7 is perpendicular to the transmission rod, and one end of the mounting seat 7 is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the other end is slidably connected to the inner support frame 3. The rotation of the screw rod is controlled by a reduction motor, and the screw threads corresponding to the two sliding blocks are set in opposite directions. Therefore, the screw rod can control the two sliding blocks to move toward or away from each other during rotation, thereby realizing synchronous drive of the mounting seat 7.

[0035] In a further solution, an adjustment seat 8 is further provided on the mounting seat 7. The adjustment seat 8 is a strip-shaped structure perpendicular to the plane where the inner support frame 3 is located. The side thereof close to the center position of the inner support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the oil stone 81. The inner side surface of the mounting seat 7 is provided with a guide rail 71. The adjustment seat 8 is movably mounted on the guide rail 71 so as to move freely along the guide rail 71. In this embodiment, the connection method between the guide rail 71 and the adjustment seat 8 can adopt a ball screw guide or other guide rail structure, and the adjustment seat 8 is driven by a motor. In this way, the mounting seat 7 is slid in the horizontal direction by using a driving mechanism, and the adjustment seat 8 is moved in the vertical direction by using the guide rail 71. The oil stone 81 can be moved synchronously in the horizontal and vertical directions, and its distance from the workpiece surface is adjusted to realize the feeding of the oil stone 81. At the same time, the spacing between the oil stones 81 can be guaranteed to be the same, and the contact between the workpiece and the oil stone 81 is uniform, further improving the processing accuracy.

[0036] This embodiment also includes an elastic reset device and a floating balancing device. The elastic reset device is arranged in conjunction with the outer support frame 1, the middle support frame 2 and the inner support frame 3. The elastic reset device enables the inner support frame 3 to always return to its original position after being offset by external force; the floating balancing device causes the inner support frame 3 to be subjected to an upward supporting force, thereby resisting gravity and keeping it in a suspended state.

[0037] In a specific solution, the elastic reset device includes four springs 9 arranged at the four corners of the outer support frame 1 and the middle support frame 2. One end of the spring 9 is fixed at the top corner of the outer support frame 1, and the other end is fixed to the side of the middle support frame 2 to form an inclined support structure, and the springs 9 are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the middle support frame 2 is subjected to uniform elastic force. Preferably, a reinforcing rod 91 is provided at the corner of the middle support frame 2, and the two ends of the reinforcing rod 91 are respectively fixed on the adjacent side edges at the corner of the middle support frame 2, and the spring 9 is connected to the reinforcing rod 91 at one end corresponding to the middle support frame 2. In this way, the pulling force of the spring 9 on the middle support frame 2 is dispersed by the reinforcing rod 91 to two relatively vertical side surfaces, so as to avoid the middle support frame 2 from being offset due to excessive local force.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, further, the floating balancing device includes a support cylinder 61 provided in conjunction with the lower sliding column 6. The support cylinder 61 coaxially passes through the sliding column 6, so that the top end of the support cylinder 61 is connected to the inner support frame 3, and the bottom end of the support cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the base 11. It also includes a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 10 provided on the outside, and the nitrogen bottle 10 is connected to the support cylinder 61, so that the floating support of the inner support frame 3 is achieved through nitrogen pressurization, so that the inner support frame 3 is in a weightless state and can float freely with the position of the workpiece. Compared with traditional spring supports, this has better floating stability and can improve processing accuracy.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating cylindrical honing head, characterized by: It includes an outer support frame, a middle support frame and an inner support frame arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the outer support frame, the middle support frame and the inner support frame are coplanar square frame structures, wherein: A base is fixedly provided at the bottom of the outer support frame; The middle support frame is provided with horizontal sliding devices on two opposite sides in the horizontal direction, so that the middle support frame can move left and right in the horizontal direction relative to the outer support frame; The inner support frame is fixed relative to the middle support frame in the horizontal direction, and vertical sliding devices are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the inner support frame in the vertical direction, so that the inner support frame can move up and down in the vertical direction relative to the middle support frame and the outer support frame; a plurality of adjustment devices are provided on the inner support frame, and the adjustment devices can move relative to the inner support frame, and oil stones are installed on the adjustment devices so that all oil stones are oriented towards the center position of the inner support frame; It also includes an elastic reset device and a floating balancing device. The elastic reset device is arranged in conjunction with the outer support frame, the middle support frame and the inner support frame. The elastic reset device enables the inner support frame to always return to its original position after being offset by external force; the floating balancing device causes the inner support frame to be subjected to an upward supporting force, thereby resisting gravity and keeping it in a suspended state.

2. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal sliding device includes two coaxially arranged horizontal sliding columns, and the horizontal sliding column is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer support frame near one end of the outer support frame. Horizontal holes corresponding to the horizontal sliding columns are relatively arranged on both sides of the middle support frame, so that the horizontal sliding columns just pass through the horizontal holes, allowing the middle support frame to move in the horizontal direction relative to the outer support frame.

3. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical sliding device includes a coaxially arranged upper sliding column and a lower sliding column, and the upper sliding column and the lower sliding column are fixedly arranged on the outside of the inner support frame near one end of the inner support frame, and vertical holes corresponding to the upper sliding column and the lower sliding column are relatively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle support frame, so that the upper sliding column and the lower sliding column just pass through the vertical holes, allowing the inner support frame to move in the vertical direction relative to the middle support frame.

4. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting device includes two strip-shaped mounting seats movably mounted on the inner support frame, and the two ends of the mounting seats are slidably connected to the two opposite sides of the inner support frame respectively. A driving mechanism is also provided inside the inner support frame to control the mounting seat to move along its own vertical direction inside the inner support frame. At the same time, the two mounting seats are arranged relative to each other, so that the oilstones installed on the inner side of the mounting seat also move synchronously, ensuring that the distances between all oilstones and the center position of the inner support frame are the same.

5. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a transmission rod arranged on one side of the inner support frame, and sliding blocks are movably connected at both ends of the transmission rod. The transmission rod and the sliding block are connected by a screw rod, thereby driving the sliding block to move closer or farther away synchronously; the mounting seat is perpendicular to the transmission rod, and one end of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the other end is slidably connected to the inner support frame.

6. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjustment seat is also provided on the mounting seat. The adjustment seat is a strip structure perpendicular to the plane where the inner support frame is located. The side close to the center of the inner support frame is fixedly connected to the oilstone. A guide rail is provided on the inner side of the mounting seat, and the adjustment seat is movably installed on the guide rail so that it can move freely along the guide rail.

7. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic reset device includes four springs arranged at the four corners of the outer support frame and the middle support frame. One end of the spring is fixed at the top corner of the outer support frame, and the other end is fixed to the side of the middle support frame to form an inclined support structure. The springs are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the middle support frame is subjected to uniform elastic force.

8. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The floating balancing device includes a supporting oil cylinder arranged in conjunction with the lower sliding column. The supporting oil cylinder coaxially passes through the lower sliding column, so that the top end of the supporting oil cylinder is connected to the inner support frame, and the bottom end of the supporting oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the base. It also includes a high-pressure nitrogen bottle arranged on the outside. The nitrogen bottle is connected to the supporting oil cylinder, so that floating support of the inner support frame is achieved by nitrogen pressurization, so that the inner support frame is in a weightless state and can float freely with the position of the workpiece.

9. The floating cylindrical honing head according to claim 7, characterized in that: A reinforcing rod is provided at the corner of the middle support frame, and both ends of the reinforcing rod are respectively fixed on adjacent sides of the corner of the middle support frame, and the spring is connected to the reinforcing rod at one end corresponding to the middle support frame.

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