Welding methods for fusion reactors

Abstract

The present application discloses a welding method for a fusion reactor, which relates to the technical field of fusion reactor manufacturing. The fusion reactor includes a vacuum chamber shell and a cladding support, wherein the vacuum chamber shell is formed with a mounting hole. The welding method includes: processing a first welding groove and a second welding groove spaced apart along the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber shell on the inner wall of the mounting hole, wherein the first welding groove and the second welding groove are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the vacuum chamber shell in the thickness direction; preliminarily limiting the cladding support and the vacuum chamber shell so that a portion of the cladding support is located within the mounting hole; and alternately welding between the first welding groove and the cladding support and between the second welding groove and the cladding support. According to the welding method of the embodiment of the present application, the welding method effectively avoids deformation of the vacuum chamber shell contour and the cladding support angle by reducing the amount of cladding metal filling and thereby reducing welding heat input.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fusion reactor manufacturing, and in particular to a welding method for fusion reactors. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, the cladding support inside the vacuum chamber is usually fixed to the vacuum chamber shell by full penetration welding. During welding, the shell contour and the angle of the cladding support must be controlled to avoid deformation. However, the welds of the cladding support on the shell are densely distributed, and the welding heat input and output are large, resulting in the inability to effectively suppress the thermal stress and phase change stress during the welding process, thereby causing the shell contour and the cladding support angle to deform. Therefore, how to effectively avoid the deformation of the vacuum chamber shell contour and the cladding support angle is a technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one objective of the present application is to provide a welding method for a fusion reactor that effectively avoids deformation of the vacuum chamber shell profile and cladding support angle by reducing the amount of cladding metal filler and, thereby, reducing welding heat input.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present application, a welding method for a fusion reactor includes a vacuum chamber shell and a cladding support, and the vacuum chamber shell is formed with a mounting hole; the welding method includes: processing a first welding groove and a second welding groove spaced apart along the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber shell on the inner wall of the mounting hole, the first welding groove and the second welding groove being symmetrically arranged along the center line of the vacuum chamber shell in the thickness direction; preliminarily limiting the cladding support and the vacuum chamber shell so that part of the cladding support is located in the mounting hole; and alternately welding between the first welding groove and the cladding support and between the second welding groove and the cladding support.

[0005] According to the welding method for a fusion reactor in an embodiment of the present application, the welding method first processes a first welding groove and a second welding groove on the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the first welding groove and the second welding groove are symmetrically arranged on the center line of the vacuum chamber shell in the thickness direction, and by alternately welding between the first welding groove and the cladding support and between the second welding groove and the cladding support, the first welding groove and the second welding groove can reduce the weld filling amount while ensuring the welding quality, thereby reducing the welding heat input, and the alternating welding method can reduce local heat, further reducing the welding heat input, and effectively avoiding deformation of the vacuum chamber shell contour and the cladding support angle.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the inner wall of the mounting hole has a connecting surface located between the first welding groove and the second welding groove; the first welding groove has a first inner wall and a second inner wall, and the first inner wall and the second inner wall are sequentially connected to the connecting surface and a wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell along the thickness direction, and the second welding groove has a third inner wall and a fourth inner wall, and the third inner wall and the fourth inner wall are sequentially connected to the connecting surface and another wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell along the thickness direction; wherein, the first inner wall and the third inner wall are symmetrically arranged along the center line, and the second inner wall and the fourth inner wall are symmetrically arranged along the center line.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the alternating welding between the first welding groove and the cladding support and between the second welding groove and the cladding support also includes: welding between the connecting surface and the cladding support; alternating welding between the first inner wall and the cladding support and between the third inner wall and the cladding support; alternating welding between the second inner wall and the cladding support and between the fourth inner wall and the cladding support.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the first inner wall and the connecting surface and the angle between the third inner wall and the connecting surface are both α and satisfy: 48°≤α≤52°, the angle between the second inner wall and the connecting surface and the angle between the fourth inner wall and the connecting surface are both β and satisfy: 10°≤β≤14°.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the shortest distance between the connecting surface and the cladding support is L1 and satisfies: 2mm≤L1≤4mm, the dimension of the connecting surface along the thickness direction is L2 and satisfies: 1mm≤L2≤2mm, the shortest distance between the connection of the first inner wall and the second inner wall and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell along the thickness direction, and the shortest distance between the connection of the third inner wall and the fourth inner wall and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell along the thickness direction are both L3, and the thickness of the vacuum chamber shell is L4 and satisfies: 0.3≤L3 / L4≤0.4.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple mounting holes, and the multiple mounting holes are spaced apart along a first direction and a second direction, the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction is the extension direction of the vacuum chamber shell; there are multiple cladding supports, and the multiple cladding supports are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple mounting holes; the preliminary positioning of the cladding support and the vacuum chamber shell and making part of the cladding support located in the mounting hole also includes: connecting one cladding support and another adjacent cladding support along the first direction or the second direction through a first constraint plate; connecting one cladding support and two adjacent cladding supports along the first direction or the second direction through a second constraint plate; and connecting the second constraint plate to the vacuum chamber shell.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the first constraint plate is located at one end of the cladding support away from the vacuum chamber shell, and the first constraint plate is welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support; the second constraint plate is located at one end of the cladding support away from the vacuum chamber shell, and the second constraint plate is welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support, and the second constraint plate has an extension plate extending to the vacuum chamber shell, and the extension plate is spaced apart from the cladding support and welded and fixed to the vacuum chamber shell.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the welding dimensions of the first constraint plate and the cladding support along the first direction or the second direction, and the welding dimensions of the second constraint plate and the cladding support along its extension direction are both D1 and satisfy: D1 ≥ 50 mm; the shortest distance between the extension plate and the adjacent cladding support is D2 and satisfies: D2 ≥ 100 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the welding method further includes: defining a plurality of cladding supports spaced apart along the second direction as a row of cladding supports, sorting each of the cladding supports in a row of cladding supports, defining the cladding supports at cardinal positions as one group, and the cladding supports at even positions as another group, and welding each group of cladding supports separately in sequence; welding the plurality of rows of cladding supports spaced apart along the first direction, with the welding order of two adjacent rows of cladding supports being opposite.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, a first welding wire is used for welding between the connecting surface and the cladding support, the inner diameter of the first welding wire is d1 and satisfies: 1.4mm≤d1≤1.8mm, the first welding current is I1 and satisfies: 100A≤I1≤150A, the first welding voltage is U1 and satisfies: 10V≤U1≤15V, the first linear energy is E1 and satisfies: E1≤1.9KJ / mm; a second welding wire is used for welding between the first inner wall and the cladding support, between the third inner wall and the cladding support, between the second inner wall and the cladding support, and between the fourth inner wall and the cladding support, the inner diameter of the second welding wire is d2 and satisfies: 2.2mm≤d2≤2.6mm, the second welding current is I2 and satisfies: 140A≤I2≤180A, the second welding voltage is U1 and satisfies: 15V≤U2≤18V, the second linear energy is E2 and satisfies: E1≤1.5KJ / mm.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a welding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a second flow chart of a welding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a third flow chart of a welding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fusion reactor according to an embodiment of the present application (excluding the first confinement plate and the second confinement plate);

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A side view schematic diagram of

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium vacuum chamber shell and cladding support;

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium vacuum chamber shell and cladding support after welding;

[0024] Figure 8is a schematic structural diagram of a fusion reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view along a first direction in FIG;

[0026] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view along the second direction;

[0027] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram along the extension direction of the second binding plate;

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the welding sequence of the cladding support according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 10. Fusion reactor;

[0031] 11. Vacuum chamber housing; 111. Mounting hole;

[0032] 112, first welding groove; 1121, first inner wall; 1122, second inner wall;

[0033] 113, second welding groove; 1131, third inner wall; 1132, fourth inner wall;

[0034] 114, connecting surface; 12, cladding support; 13, first restraining plate;

[0035] 14. Second restraining plate; 141. Extension plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0037] Reference below Figures 1-12 A welding method for a fusion reactor 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is described. The fusion reactor 10 includes a vacuum chamber housing 11 and a cladding support 12 . The vacuum chamber housing 11 is formed with a mounting hole 111 .

[0038] The welding method includes: processing a first welding groove 112 and a second welding groove 113 spaced apart along the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber shell 11 on the inner wall of the mounting hole 111, and the first welding groove 112 and the second welding groove 113 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the vacuum chamber shell 11 in the thickness direction; preliminarily limiting the cladding support 12 and the vacuum chamber shell 11 so that part of the cladding support 12 is located in the mounting hole 111; and alternately welding between the first welding groove 112 and the cladding support 12 and between the second welding groove 113 and the cladding support 12.

[0039] At present, the cladding support inside the vacuum chamber is usually fixed to the vacuum chamber shell by full penetration welding. During welding, the shell contour and the angle of the cladding support must be controlled to avoid deformation. However, the welds of the cladding support on the shell are densely distributed, and the welding heat input and output are large, resulting in the inability to effectively suppress the thermal stress and phase change stress during the welding process, thereby causing the shell contour and the cladding support angle to deform. Therefore, how to effectively avoid the deformation of the vacuum chamber shell contour and the cladding support angle is a technical problem.

[0040] In this regard, an embodiment of the present application proposes a welding method for a fusion reactor 10 , which effectively avoids deformation of the contour of the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the angle of the cladding support 12 by reducing the amount of cladding metal filling and thereby reducing welding heat input.

[0041] Specifically, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fusion reactor 10 includes a vacuum chamber shell 11 and a cladding support 12. A mounting hole 111 may be formed in the vacuum chamber shell 11. At least a portion of the cladding support 12 may be located in the mounting hole 111. The inner wall of the mounting hole 111 may be formed with a first welding groove 112, a second welding groove 113 and a connecting surface 114. The first welding groove 112 and the second welding groove 113 may be symmetrically arranged along the center line of the vacuum chamber shell 11 in the thickness direction. The connecting surface 114 may be connected between the first welding groove 112 and the second welding groove 113, wherein the connecting surface 114 may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber shell 11.

[0042] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the first welding groove 112 can have a first inner wall 1121 and a second inner wall 1122, and the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122 can be sequentially connected to the connecting surface 114 and a wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction. The second welding groove 113 can have a third inner wall 1131 and a fourth inner wall 1132, and the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 can be sequentially connected to the connecting surface 114 and another wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction. It can be understood that the second inner wall 1122, The first inner wall 1121, the connecting surface 114, the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 can be connected in sequence to define the mounting hole 111, wherein the first inner wall 1121 and the third inner wall 1131 can be symmetrically arranged along the center line, and the second inner wall 1122 and the fourth inner wall 1132 can be symmetrically arranged along the center line, and the center line is the center line of the vacuum chamber shell 11 in the thickness direction, thereby ensuring that the amount of cladding metal filling in the first welding groove 112 and the second welding groove 113 is the same, so as to reduce welding heat input during welding.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the angle between the first inner wall 1121 and the connecting surface 114 and the angle between the third inner wall 1131 and the connecting surface 114 are both α. It can be understood that since the first inner wall 1121 and the third inner wall 1131 are symmetrically arranged along the center line, the angle between the first inner wall 1121 and the connecting surface 114 and the angle between the third inner wall 1131 and the connecting surface 114 are the same, satisfying the relationship: 48°≤α≤52°, that is, the first inner wall 1121 is symmetrical to the third inner wall 1131. The angle between the first inner wall 1121 and the connecting surface 114, and the angle between the third inner wall 1131 and the connecting surface 114 can be any value between 48° and 52°. For example, the angle between the first inner wall 1121 and the connecting surface 114, and the angle between the third inner wall 1131 and the connecting surface 114 can be, but not limited to, 48°, 49°, 50°, 51°, 52°, etc. The angle between the second inner wall 1122 and the connecting surface 114, and the angle between the fourth inner wall 1132 and the connecting surface 114 can be any value between 48° and 52°. The angles between the connecting surfaces 114 are both β. It can be understood that since the second inner wall 1122 and the fourth inner wall 1132 are symmetrically arranged along the center line, the angles between the second inner wall 1122 and the connecting surface 114 and the angles between the fourth inner wall 1132 and the connecting surface 114 are the same, satisfying the relationship: 10°≤β≤14°, that is, the angles between the second inner wall 1122 and the connecting surface 114 and the angles between the fourth inner wall 1132 and the connecting surface 114 can be any values ​​between 10° and 14°. For example, the angles between the second inner wall 1122 and the connecting surface 114 and the angles between the fourth inner wall 1132 and the connecting surface 114 can be but are not limited to 10°, 11°, 12°, 13°, 14°, etc. This arrangement can reduce the amount of cladding metal filling while facilitating the insertion of the welding gun into the first welding groove 112 and the second welding groove 113 for welding, thereby providing sufficient space for welding.

[0044] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the shortest distance between the connecting surface 114 and the cladding support 12 is L1, satisfying the relationship: 2mm≤L1≤4mm, that is, the shortest distance between the connecting surface 114 and the cladding support 12 can be any value between 2mm and 4mm, for example, the shortest distance between the connecting surface 114 and the cladding support 12 can be but not limited to 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, etc., and the dimension of the connecting surface 114 along the thickness direction is L2, satisfying the relationship: 1mm≤L2≤2mm, that is, the dimension of the connecting surface 114 along the thickness direction can be any value between 1mm and 2mm, for example, the dimension of the connecting surface 114 along the thickness direction can be but not limited to 1mm, 1.3mm, 1.6mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc. Such a setting can ensure the welding strength between the connecting surface 114 and the cladding support 12, and at the same time can also reduce the welding filling amount.

[0045] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the connection of the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122 and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction, and the shortest distance between the connection of the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction are the same, both of which are L3. It should be noted that the connection of the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122 is the intersection of the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122, and the shortest distance between this position and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction is L3. This wall surface may be a wall surface adjacent to the connection. Similarly, the connection of the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 is the intersection of the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122, and the shortest distance between this position and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction is L3, wherein the wall surface adjacent to the connection of the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 and the wall surface adjacent to the connection of the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 are L3. The wall surfaces adjacent to the connection between the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122 can be two wall surfaces of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction. The thickness of the vacuum chamber shell 11 is L4, and L3 and L4 satisfy the relationship: 0.3≤L3 / L4≤0.4. It can be understood that the ratio of the shortest distance between the connection between the first inner wall 1121 and the second inner wall 1122 and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction, the shortest distance between the connection between the third inner wall 1131 and the fourth inner wall 1132 and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell 11 along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the vacuum chamber shell 11 can be any value between 0.3 and 0.4. For example, L3 / L4 can be but is not limited to 0.3, 0.33, 0.36, 0.4, etc. This arrangement can reduce the amount of cladding metal filling while facilitating the insertion of the welding gun into the first welding groove 112 and the second welding groove 113 for welding, thereby providing sufficient space for welding.

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, there may be multiple mounting holes 111, and the multiple mounting holes 111 may be spaced apart along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction may be the extension direction of the vacuum chamber housing 11. It should be noted that the vacuum chamber housing 11 may be arc-shaped, and the first direction may be the bending direction of the vacuum chamber housing 11. There may be multiple cladding supports 12, and the multiple cladding supports 12 may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple mounting holes 111. A cladding support 12 is connected to another adjacent cladding support 12 along the first direction or the second direction via a first restraining plate 13, and two adjacent cladding supports 12 along the first direction or the second direction are connected via a second restraining plate 14. The first restraining plate 13 can secure the multiple cladding supports 12, and the second restraining plate 14 can preliminarily secure the multiple secured cladding supports 12 to the vacuum chamber housing 11. This arrangement ensures that the cladding supports 12 are preliminarily positioned before welding to the vacuum chamber housing 11, preventing the cladding supports 12 from moving during the welding process.

[0047] Furthermore, the first constraint plate 13 and the second constraint plate 14 can be welded to the surface of the cladding support 12 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11. Specifically, the first constraint plate 13 can be located at one end of the cladding support 12 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11, and the first constraint plate 13 can be welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support 12. The second constraint plate 14 can be located at one end of the cladding support 12 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11, and the second constraint plate 14 can be welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support 12. It can be understood that the first constraint plate 13 and the second constraint plate 14 are both welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support 12, thereby ensuring that one cladding support 12 can weld multiple first constraint plates 13 and second constraint plates 14, providing a certain space for the welding of other constraint plates. The second restraining plate 14 also has an extension plate 141 extending toward the vacuum chamber shell 11. The extension plate 141 can be welded and fixed to the vacuum chamber shell 11, and the extension plate 141 can also be spaced apart from the cladding support 12 to provide a certain space for welding, ensuring that the staff can weld the extension plate 141 to the vacuum chamber shell 11 through the gap between the extension plate 141 and the cladding support 12.

[0048] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, in some embodiments, the welding dimensions of the first constraint plate 13 and the cladding support 12 along the first direction or the second direction, and the welding dimensions of the second constraint plate 14 and the cladding support 12 along the extension direction thereof are the same, both being D1. It can be understood that the welding dimensions of the first constraint plate 13 and the cladding support 12 along the first direction or the second direction may be the overlap dimensions when the cladding support 12 and the first constraint plate 13 along the first direction or the second direction are welded. Similarly, the welding dimensions of the second constraint plate 14 and the cladding support 12 along the extension direction thereof may be the overlap dimensions when the cladding support 12 and the second constraint plate 14 along the extension direction thereof are welded. The overlap dimensions during welding along the extension direction, the welding dimensions between the first restraining plate 13 and the cladding support 12 along the first or second direction, and the welding dimensions between the second restraining plate 14 and the cladding support 12 along its extension direction satisfy the relationship: D1 ≥ 50 mm. That is, the welding dimensions between the first restraining plate 13 and the cladding support 12 along the first or second direction, and the welding dimensions between the second restraining plate 14 and the cladding support 12 along its extension direction, are greater than or equal to 50 mm. This arrangement ensures a high connection strength between the first and second restraining plates 13 and 14 and the cladding support 12, meeting the requirements. The shortest distance between the extension plate 141 and the adjacent cladding support 12 is D2, satisfying the relationship: D2 ≥ 100 mm. It can be understood that the shortest distance between the extension plate 141 and the adjacent cladding support 12 is greater than or equal to 100 mm. This arrangement reserves welding space, ensuring that workers can weld the extension plate 141 to the vacuum chamber shell 11 through the gap between the extension plate 141 and the cladding support 12.

[0049] like Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, in some embodiments, the thickness of the first constraint plate 13 and the thickness of the second constraint plate 14 are both T, satisfying the relationship: T ≥ 10 mm. It can be understood that the thickness of the first constraint plate 13 and the thickness of the second constraint plate 14 are greater than or equal to 10 mm. By setting the thickness of the first constraint plate 13 and the thickness of the second constraint plate 14 within the above range, the rigidity of the first constraint plate 13 and the second constraint plate 14 can be ensured to avoid deformation and other problems. The shortest distance between the side of the first constraint plate 13 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the cladding support 12, and the shortest distance between the side of the second constraint plate 14 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the cladding support 12 are both D3, which can be It is understood that the shortest distance between the side of the first constraint plate 13 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the cladding support 12 can be the thickness of the first constraint plate 13, and the shortest distance between the side of the second constraint plate 14 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the cladding support 12 can be the thickness of the second constraint plate 14, and D3 satisfies the relationship: D3 ≥ 100mm, that is, the shortest distance between the side of the first constraint plate 13 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the cladding support 12 and the shortest distance between the side of the second constraint plate 14 away from the vacuum chamber shell 11 and the cladding support 12 are greater than or equal to 100mm. This arrangement can ensure the rigidity of the first constraint plate 13 and the second constraint plate 14, and avoid problems such as deformation.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present application, a welding method for a fusion reactor includes:

[0051] S1. Process a first welding groove and a second welding groove spaced apart along the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber shell on the inner wall of the mounting hole. The first welding groove and the second welding groove are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the vacuum chamber shell in the thickness direction. The operator can use a tool to process the first welding groove and the second welding groove on the inner wall of the mounting hole.

[0052] S2. Preliminarily position the cladding support and the vacuum chamber shell so that the cladding support portion is located within the mounting hole. The cladding support and the vacuum chamber shell may be positioned by other structures such as a restraining plate, and the cladding support portion may be located within the mounting hole to facilitate welding of the cladding support and the vacuum chamber shell.

[0053] S3. Alternately weld between the first welding groove and the cladding support, and between the second welding groove and the cladding support. It is understood that the worker can first weld one layer between the first welding groove and the cladding support, then weld one layer between the second welding groove and the cladding support, and then repeat the cycle to achieve alternating welding between the first welding groove and the cladding support, and between the second welding groove and the cladding support. This welding method can reduce heat in local locations and reduce welding heat input. Furthermore, by providing the first welding groove and the second welding groove, the weld fill volume, i.e., the cladding metal fill volume, can be reduced, thereby reducing welding heat input and effectively preventing deformation of the vacuum chamber shell profile and the cladding support angle.

[0054] In short, the welding method of the embodiment of the present application first processes the first welding groove and the second welding groove on the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the first welding groove and the second welding groove are symmetrically arranged on the center line of the vacuum chamber shell in the thickness direction, and by alternately welding between the first welding groove and the cladding support and between the second welding groove and the cladding support, the first welding groove and the second welding groove can reduce the weld filling amount while ensuring the welding quality, thereby reducing the welding heat input, and by alternating welding, the local heat can be reduced, further reducing the welding heat input, and effectively avoiding deformation of the vacuum chamber shell contour and the cladding support angle.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, S3, alternately welding the first welding groove and the cladding support, and the second welding groove and the cladding support further includes:

[0056] S31. Weld the connection surface to the cladding support.

[0057] A first welding wire is used for welding between the connection surface and the cladding support. The inner diameter of the first welding wire is d1, which satisfies the relationship: 1.4 mm ≤ d1 ≤ 1.8 mm, that is, the inner diameter of the first welding wire can be any value between 1.4 mm and 1.8 mm. For example, the inner diameter of the first welding wire can be but is not limited to 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, etc. The first welding current is I1, which satisfies the relationship: 100 A ≤ I1 ≤ 150 A, that is, the first welding current can be any value between 100 A and 150 A. For example, the first welding current can be but is not limited to 100 A, 120 A, 130 A, 150 A, etc. The first welding voltage is U 1, satisfying the relationship: 10V≤U1≤15V, that is, the first welding voltage can be any value between 10V and 15V, for example, the first welding voltage can be but not limited to 10V, 12V, 13V, 15V, etc., the first line energy is E1, satisfying the relationship: E1≤1.9KJ / mm, it can be understood that the first line energy needs to be controlled within 1.9KJ / mm, the back of the weld needs to be filled with argon protection, and the argon purity is ≥99.99%. It can be understood that the welding between the connection surface and the cladding support can be a bottom weld. In some embodiments, the first layer between the first inner wall and the cladding support and the first layer between the third inner wall and the cladding support can also be a bottom weld, such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, label X is the welding sequence, TIG welding can be used for welding, the vacuum chamber shell and the cladding support are 316LN stainless steel, the first welding wire and the second welding wire can be ER316LMn stainless steel welding wire, the staff can use multi-layer and multi-pass welding, the number of weld layers can be L4 / δ, δ is the average thickness of each weld layer, δ can satisfy the relationship: 1mm≤δ≤3mm, in the figure, welds X1, X2, and X3 are base welds, and the other welds are filling and cover welds.

[0058] S32. Alternately weld the first inner wall and the cladding support, and the third inner wall and the cladding support. It is understood that workers can first weld one layer between the first inner wall and the cladding support, then weld one layer between the third inner wall and the cladding support, and then repeat the cycle to alternately weld the first inner wall and the cladding support, and the third inner wall and the cladding support. This welding method can reduce heat in local locations and reduce welding heat input.

[0059] S33. Alternately weld the second inner wall and the cladding support, and the fourth inner wall and the cladding support. It is understood that workers can first weld one layer between the second inner wall and the cladding support, then weld one layer between the fourth inner wall and the cladding support, and then repeat the cycle to achieve alternating welding between the second inner wall and the cladding support, and between the fourth inner wall and the cladding support. This welding method can reduce heat in local locations and reduce welding heat input.

[0060] In some embodiments, a second welding wire can be used for welding between the first inner wall and the cladding support, between the third inner wall and the cladding support, between the second inner wall and the cladding support, and between the fourth inner wall and the cladding support. The inner diameter of the second welding wire is d2, which satisfies the relationship: 2.2mm≤d2≤2.6mm, that is, the inner diameter of the second welding wire can be any value between 2.2mm and 2.6mm. For example, the inner diameter of the second welding wire can be but is not limited to 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, etc. The second welding current is I2, which satisfies the relationship: 140A≤I2≤180A, that is, the second welding current can be 140A to For example, the second welding current may be but not limited to 140A, 150A, 160A, 180A, etc., the second welding voltage is U2, and the relationship is satisfied: 15V≤U2≤18V, that is, the second welding voltage may be any value between 15V and 18V, for example, the second welding voltage may be but not limited to 15V, 16V, 17V, 18V, etc., the second line energy is E2, and the relationship is satisfied: E2≤1.5KJ / mm. It can be understood that the first line energy needs to be controlled within 1.5KJ / mm, wherein the temperature between all weld layers needs to be less than or equal to 100°C, thereby reducing the welding heat input.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, S2, preliminarily limiting the cladding support and the vacuum chamber housing so that a portion of the cladding support is located in the mounting hole, further includes:

[0062] S21. Connect a cladding support to another adjacent cladding support along the first direction or the second direction via a first constraint plate. The first constraint plate may be located at an end of the cladding support away from the vacuum chamber housing and may be welded to a portion of the cladding support. The second constraint plate may be located at an end of the cladding support away from the vacuum chamber housing. The first constraint plate may secure multiple cladding supports.

[0063] S22, connecting two adjacent cladding supports along the first direction or the second direction of a cladding support through a second constraint plate. The second constraint plate can be located at an end of the cladding support away from the vacuum chamber housing, and the second constraint plate can be welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support.

[0064] S23. Connect the second restraining plate to the vacuum chamber shell. The second restraining plate can initially secure the multiple cladding supports to the vacuum chamber shell. This arrangement ensures that the cladding supports are initially positioned before welding to the vacuum chamber shell, preventing the cladding supports from moving during the welding process and effectively suppressing the free expansion of deformation.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the welding method further includes:

[0066] A plurality of cladding supports spaced apart along the second direction are defined as a row of cladding supports. Each cladding support in a row is sorted, and the cladding supports at cardinal positions are defined as one group, and the cladding supports at even positions are defined as another group. Each group of cladding supports is welded separately in sequence. It is understandable that the same row of cladding supports can be welded in a skip welding manner, such as Figure 12 As shown, the first row of cladding supports is A1, A2, A3, ..., An-2, An-1, An. The welding order can be An, An-2, ..., A3, A1, and then An-1, An-3, ..., A4, A2, where n is the cardinality. Using skip welding can reduce the thermal stress impact on adjacent cladding supports.

[0067] Multiple rows of cladding supports spaced apart along the first direction are welded, with the welding order of adjacent rows of cladding supports being opposite. The second row of cladding supports is B1, B2, B3...Bn-2, Bn-1, Bn. The welding order of the second row of cladding supports is opposite to that of the first row. Therefore, the welding order of the second row is B1, B3, Bn-2, Bn, and then B2, B4, Bn-3, Bn-1. The welding order of the third row of cladding supports is the same as that of the first layer, which will not be elaborated here. The above welding method can effectively reduce the heat in the local area of ​​the vacuum chamber shell and reduce the impact of heat input. In order to improve welding efficiency, multiple workers can be used to weld each row of cladding supports.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the welding method further includes: after each layer is welded and the interlayer temperature is controlled below 100°C, performing air gun vibration stress relief treatment on the weld of that layer. The air gun can be selected to have a frequency of 4000±200 times per minute, and the air drill tip of the air gun can be processed into an arc surface. Each weld layer is vibrated for 20-30 seconds, and the stress relief treatment of all filler layer welds is completed in sequence. The air gun vibration can stress relief the filler layer welds layer by layer.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the welding method further includes: overall post-weld heat treatment. This can be understood as, after all cladding supports are welded and before the rigid restraining plates are removed, they are all sent to a heat treatment furnace for low-temperature annealing to eliminate weld structural stress.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0071] In the description of this application, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0072] In the description of this application, “plurality” means two or more.

[0073] In the description of the present application, a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact with each other, or the first and second features being in contact with each other not directly but via another feature therebetween.

[0074] In the description of this application, a first feature “on”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0075] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding method for a fusion reactor, characterized in that: The fusion reactor comprises a vacuum chamber shell (11) and a cladding support (12), wherein the vacuum chamber shell (11) is formed with a mounting hole (111); The welding method comprises: A first welding groove (112) and a second welding groove (113) are machined on the inner wall of the mounting hole (111) and are arranged at intervals in the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber shell (11), wherein the first welding groove (112) and the second welding groove (113) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the vacuum chamber shell (11) in the thickness direction; Preliminarily limiting the position of the cladding support (12) and the vacuum chamber housing (11) so that a portion of the cladding support (12) is located within the mounting hole (111); Alternate welding is performed between the first welding groove (112) and the cladding support (12), and between the second welding groove (113) and the cladding support (12).

2. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mounting hole (111) has a connecting surface (114) located between the first welding groove (112) and the second welding groove (113); The first welding groove (112) has a first inner wall (1121) and a second inner wall (1122), the first inner wall (1121) and the second inner wall (1122) being sequentially connected to a connecting surface (114) and a wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell (11) along the thickness direction, and the second welding groove (113) has a third inner wall (1131) and a fourth inner wall (1132), the third inner wall (1131) and the fourth inner wall (1132) being sequentially connected to the connecting surface (114) and another wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell (11) along the thickness direction; The first inner wall (1121) and the third inner wall (1131) are symmetrically arranged along the center line, and the second inner wall (1122) and the fourth inner wall (1132) are symmetrically arranged along the center line.

3. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alternate welding between the first welding groove (112) and the cladding support (12), and between the second welding groove (113) and the cladding support (12) further comprises: Welding the connection surface (114) and the cladding support (12); Alternately welding the first inner wall (1121) and the cladding support (12), and the third inner wall (1131) and the cladding support (12); Alternate welding is performed between the second inner wall (1122) and the cladding support (12), and between the fourth inner wall (1132) and the cladding support (12).

4. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the first inner wall (1121) and the connecting surface (114), and the angle between the third inner wall (1131) and the connecting surface (114) are both α and satisfy the following: 48°≤α≤52°; the angle between the second inner wall (1122) and the connecting surface (114), and the angle between the fourth inner wall (1132) and the connecting surface (114) are both β and satisfy the following: 10°≤β≤14°.

5. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shortest distance between the connecting surface (114) and the cladding support (12) is L1 and satisfies: 2mm≤L1≤4mm; the dimension of the connecting surface (114) along the thickness direction is L2 and satisfies: 1mm≤L2≤2mm; the shortest distance between the connection of the first inner wall (1121) and the second inner wall (1122) and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell (11) along the thickness direction, and the shortest distance between the connection of the third inner wall (1131) and the fourth inner wall (1132) and the wall surface of the vacuum chamber shell (11) along the thickness direction are both L3; the thickness of the vacuum chamber shell (11) is L4 and satisfies: 0.3≤L3 / L4≤0.

4.

6. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of mounting holes (111), and the plurality of mounting holes (111) are arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction, the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction is the extension direction of the vacuum chamber shell (11); there are a plurality of cladding supports (12), and the plurality of cladding supports (12) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of mounting holes (111); The preliminarily limiting the position of the cladding support (12) and the vacuum chamber housing (11) so that a portion of the cladding support (12) is located within the mounting hole (111) further comprises: Connecting one of the cladding supports (12) to another adjacent cladding support (12) along the first direction or the second direction via a first restraining plate (13); connecting two adjacent cladding supports (12) of one cladding support (12) along the first direction or the second direction via a second constraint plate (14); The second constraining plate (14) is connected to the vacuum chamber shell (11).

7. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first constraint plate (13) is located at one end of the cladding support (12) away from the vacuum chamber shell (11), and the first constraint plate (13) is welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support (12); The second constraint plate (14) is located at one end of the cladding support (12) away from the vacuum chamber shell (11), and the second constraint plate (14) is welded and fixed to a portion of the cladding support (12). The second constraint plate (14) has an extension plate (141) extending to the vacuum chamber shell (11), and the extension plate (141) is spaced apart from the cladding support (12) and welded and fixed to the vacuum chamber shell (11).

8. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding dimension of the first restraining plate (13) and the cladding support (12) along the first direction or the second direction, and the welding dimension of the second restraining plate (14) and the cladding support (12) along the extension direction thereof are both D1 and satisfy: D1 ≥ 50 mm; The shortest distance between the extension plate (141) and the cladding support (12) adjacent thereto is D2 and satisfies: D2 ≥ 100 mm.

9. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The welding method further comprises: A plurality of cladding supports (12) spaced apart along the second direction are defined as a row of cladding supports (12), each of the cladding supports (12) in the row of cladding supports (12) is sorted, the cladding supports (12) at cardinal positions are defined as one group, and the cladding supports (12) at even positions are defined as another group, and each group of cladding supports (12) is welded individually in sequence; Multiple rows of cladding supports (12) spaced apart along the first direction are welded, with the welding order of two adjacent rows of cladding supports (12) being opposite.

10. The welding method for a fusion reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection surface (114) and the cladding support (12) are welded using a first welding wire, wherein the inner diameter of the first welding wire is d1 and satisfies: 1.4 mm ≤ d1 ≤ 1.8 mm, the first welding current is I1 and satisfies: 100 A ≤ I1 ≤ 150 A, the first welding voltage is U1 and satisfies: 10 V ≤ U1 ≤ 15 V, and the first line energy is E1 and satisfies: E1 ≤ 1.9 KJ / mm; A second welding wire is used for welding between the first inner wall (1121) and the cladding support (12), between the third inner wall (1131) and the cladding support (12), between the second inner wall (1122) and the cladding support (12), and between the fourth inner wall (1132) and the cladding support (12), wherein the inner diameter of the second welding wire is d2 and satisfies: 2.2 mm ≤ d2 ≤ 2.6 mm, the second welding current is I2 and satisfies: 140 A ≤ I2 ≤ 180 A, the second welding voltage is U1 and satisfies: 15 V ≤ U2 ≤ 18 V, and the second line energy is E2 and satisfies: E1 ≤ 1.5 KJ / mm.

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