Greening landscape combined type ecological river bank protection slope
By planting waveform landscapes, local landscapes, linear landscapes and turf protection on the river bank slope protection, a combined ecological river bank slope protection of green landscapes is formed, which solves the problem of high rainwater runoff coefficient of hard river bank slope protection, and achieves the effect of reducing the runoff flow into the river and improving water quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510784330.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
The high runoff coefficient of rainwater in the hard river bank slope protection leads to large runoff flow into the river, which is not conducive to flood control and drainage, and has poor ecological and environmental benefits.
A combination of green landscape ecological river bank slope protection is adopted, including waveform landscape, local landscape, linear landscape and turf protection. A variety of plants are planted to form ecological river bank slope protection, reduce rainwater runoff coefficient, reduce the runoff into the river, and absorb and purify rainwater.
It reduces the rainwater runoff coefficient, reduces soil erosion, improves the water quality of river channels, has good flood control and drainage and ecological and environmental protection benefits, and is also beautiful.
Smart Images
Figure CN120486309A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection. Background Art
[0002] Long-term river scouring can lead to soil loss along riverbanks, especially along bends, rapids, and at river mouths, where lateral erosion is more severe. This can lead to riverbank collapse, river channel widening, and even diversion, threatening surrounding land and infrastructure. Some riverbank soils (such as sandy and clay) are soft and less resistant to erosion, making them susceptible to landslides and debris flows.
[0003] Riverbank protection is typically located above the normal water level of a river, constructed using artificial structures such as stone or concrete to cover the riverbank slope. Riverbank protection is an engineering or ecological measure designed to protect riverbanks from scour, erosion, or collapse. It maintains riverbank stability and reduces soil erosion. However, common hard riverbank protection has a high runoff coefficient, resulting in high runoff into the river, hindering flood control and drainage, and having poor ecological and environmental benefits. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection to solve the problem that the rainwater runoff coefficient of the hard river bank slope protection is high, which will lead to a large amount of runoff into the river, which is not conducive to flood control and drainage, and has poor ecological and environmental protection benefits.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection, comprising:
[0006] Wave-shaped landscape, planted on river bank backfill soil, comprising multiple wave-shaped landscape areas spaced apart along the river bank extension direction;
[0007] A local landscape, wherein the local landscape is planted on the river bank backfill soil, and comprises a first local landscape area and a second local landscape area, wherein the first local landscape area is arranged between two adjacent sections of the wavy landscape areas, and the second local landscape areas are staggered on both sides of the wavy landscape;
[0008] A linear landscape, wherein the linear landscape is planted on the river bank backfill soil and comprises a plurality of linear landscape areas staggered on both sides of the wavy landscape;
[0009] A turf surface is planted on the river bank backfill soil and is located around the wavy landscape, the local landscape and the straight landscape.
[0010] Beneficial effects
[0011] By creating wavy, localized, and linear landscapes on the riverbank backfill, as well as turf protection, ecological riverbank slope protection is achieved. Planting landscape plants can reduce the runoff coefficient, lower the amount of runoff entering the river, prevent riverbank soil erosion, and facilitate flood control and drainage. Furthermore, the system absorbs and purifies rainwater runoff, improving the water quality entering the river, resulting in significant ecological and environmental benefits.
[0012] In an optional embodiment, the wavy landscape area includes an upper wavy area and a lower wavy area that are arranged adjacent to each other, and the planting width of the upper wavy area and the lower wavy area is [30, 50] cm.
[0013] In an optional embodiment, the upper wave area is planted with evergreen shrubs, and the lower wave area is planted with red or yellow shrubs.
[0014] In an optional embodiment, the first local landscape area is planted with red, green or yellow spherical shrubs, and the diameter of the spherical shrubs is [100, 200] cm.
[0015] In an optional embodiment, evergreen shrubs are planted in the outer ring of the first local landscape area, and evergreen flowering shrubs are planted in the inner ring.
[0016] In an optional embodiment, the second local landscape area is planted with red, green or yellow spherical shrubs, and the diameter of the spherical shrubs is [60, 100] cm.
[0017] In an optional embodiment, medium-leaf ophiopogon is further planted under the spherical shrubs in the first local landscape area and the second local landscape area.
[0018] Beneficial effects
[0019] Planting medium-leaf ophiopogon can prevent soil loss under the spherical shrubs.
[0020] In an optional embodiment, the linear landscape area is planted with flowering evergreen shrubs with a planting width of [30, 50] cm.
[0021] In an optional embodiment, the green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection further includes a turf slope protection arranged 50 cm from the water side, and the turf slope protection is planted on the river bank backfill soil.
[0022] In an optional embodiment, the turf surface or the turf slope is planted with Bermuda grass, Manila grass, American evergreen, bentgrass, greens grass, Bermuda grass, tall fescue, or slope protection king. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle AA section view;
[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Middle BB cross-section;
[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Middle CC section view.
[0028] Description of reference numerals:
[0029] 1. Wave landscape, 11. Upper wave area, 12. Lower wave area;
[0030] 2. Backfilling of river banks;
[0031] 31. The first local landscape area, 32. The second local landscape area;
[0032] 41. Linear landscape area;
[0033] 5. Turf protection;
[0034] 6. Grass slope protection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.
[0038] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0039] The following combination Figures 1 to 4 , describing embodiments of the present invention.
[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection is provided, which includes: a wavy landscape 1, a partial landscape, a straight landscape and a turf protection surface 5. The wavy landscape 1 is planted on the river bank backfill 2, and includes a plurality of wavy landscape areas spaced apart along the extension direction of the river bank. The partial landscape is planted on the river bank backfill 2, and includes a first partial landscape area 31 and a second partial landscape area 32. The first partial landscape area 31 is provided between two adjacent wavy landscape areas, and the second partial landscape areas 32 are staggered on both sides of the wavy landscape 1. The straight landscape is planted on the river bank backfill 2, and includes a plurality of straight landscape areas 41 staggered on both sides of the wavy landscape 1. The turf protection surface 5 is planted on the river bank backfill 2 and is located around the wavy landscape 1, the partial landscape and the straight landscape.
[0041] The backfill soil provides planting and growth conditions for the wavy landscape 1, partial landscape, linear landscape, and turf protection 5. The river bank is formed by planting some shrubs to form the wavy landscape 1, partial landscape, and linear landscape, and a large area is covered with turf protection 5. The wavy landscape 1 is generally wavy and extends along the river bank. The first partial landscape area 31 and the second partial landscape area 32 are both dotted, serving as embellishments for the ecological river bank slope protection. Each two wavy landscape areas are connected by setting a first partial landscape area 31. The second partial landscape area 32 is set at the position opposite the crest and trough of the wavy landscape 1. The second partial landscape areas 32 are arranged alternately one above and one below along the extension direction of the wavy landscape 1. The linear landscape area 41 is perpendicular to the river bank. The arrangement of the multiple linear landscape areas 41 is the same as that of the multiple second partial landscape areas 32, and they are arranged alternately one above and one below along the extension direction of the wavy landscape 1. In addition, in this embodiment, each linear landscape area 41 is divided into two parts located on the upper and lower sides of the second partial landscape area 32.
[0042] This ecological riverbank protection, formed through a combination of green landscapes, has a lower runoff coefficient than hard bank protection (the runoff coefficient of hard bank protection is approximately 4-8 times that of ecological riverbank protection). This reduces runoff into the river, prevents riverbank soil erosion, and facilitates flood control and drainage. Furthermore, landscape plants absorb and purify pollutants in rainwater runoff, improving water quality entering the river and reducing water pollution. They also soften the hard bank protection, achieving both ecological benefits and aesthetic appeal.
[0043] In one embodiment, the wavy landscape area includes an upper wavy area 11 and a lower wavy area 12 that are adjacent to each other, and the planting width of the upper wavy area 11 and the lower wavy area 12 is [30, 50] cm.
[0044] In one embodiment, the upper wave area 11 is planted with evergreen shrubs, and the lower wave area 12 is planted with red or yellow shrubs.
[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, each wave-shaped landscape area consists of an upper wave area 11 and a lower wave area 12, wherein the planting width of the upper wave area 11 is generally [30, 50] cm, and evergreen shrubs are planted at a planting density of [12, 25] plants per square meter. The planting width of the lower wave area 12 is also [30, 50] cm, and the upper wave area 11 and the lower wave area 12 are arranged with equal widths, that is, the planting widths are equal. Red or yellow shrubs are planted in the lower wave area 12, forming a contrast with the lower wave area 12, and the planting density is also [12, 25] plants per square meter. In addition, the shrubs in the upper and lower wave areas 11 and 12 are low shrubs with a height of [30 cm, 50] cm. The curve width and length of the upper and lower wave areas 12 can be appropriately adjusted according to the river bank width requirements of the engineering design.
[0046] In other embodiments, the wavy landscape area may be an integral wavy planting area, or may be divided into three, four, or other wavy areas, and adjacent wavy areas may also be arranged at intervals.
[0047] In one embodiment, the first local landscape area 31 is planted with red, green or yellow spherical shrubs, and the diameter of the spherical shrubs is [100, 200] cm.
[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first local landscape area 31 is distributed in a dotted pattern on the entire wave landscape 1. That is, the first local landscape area 31 is circular in shape and can be planted with any of red, green and yellow spherical shrubs, with a diameter of generally [100, 200] cm.
[0049] In another embodiment, evergreen shrubs are planted in the outer ring of the first local landscape area 31 , and evergreen flowering shrubs are planted in the inner ring.
[0050] Specifically, the first local landscape area 31 can also be arranged in a circular shape. The outer ring is planted with evergreen shrubs similar to those in the upper wave area 11, with a diameter of generally [150, 200] cm. The inner ring is planted with evergreen flowering shrubs, with a diameter of generally [100, 150] cm. However, the shrubs planted in the inner ring must be at least 15 cm taller than those planted in the outer ring.
[0051] In one embodiment, the second local landscape area 32 is planted with red, green or yellow spherical shrubs, and the diameter of the spherical shrubs is [60, 100] cm.
[0052] The second local landscape area 32 is located on both sides of the wave landscape 1 and is also circular in shape. Red, green or yellow spherical shrubs can be planted there. However, the diameter of the spherical shrubs in the second local landscape area 32 is generally smaller than that in the first local landscape area 31, and is [60, 100] cm.
[0053] In one embodiment, medium-leaf lily-of-the-valley is planted under the spherical shrubs in the first partial landscape area 31 and the second partial landscape area 32 .
[0054] Ophiopogon japonicus was also planted on river bank backfill soil 2, with a planting density of 40 plants / m 2 In other embodiments, the middle leaf lily pogon can be replaced with large leaf lily pogon, small leaf lily pogon, long leaf lily pogon, short leaf lily pogon, golden edge lily pogon etc.
[0055] In one embodiment, the linear landscape area 41 is planted with flowering evergreen shrubs with a planting width of [30, 50] cm.
[0056] Flowering evergreen shrubs such as roses, peonies, Daphne koreana, azaleas, euonymus, and lilacs can be selected based on local temperature conditions. This embodiment uses roses approximately 70 cm tall. In other embodiments, other types of flowering evergreen shrubs, such as peonies, 40-50 cm tall, can be used. The planting width for a linear landscape is [30, 50] cm, and the planting density is 25-40 plants / m. 2 .
[0057] In one embodiment, the green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection further includes a turf slope protection 6 arranged 50 cm from the water side, and the turf slope protection 6 is planted on the river bank backfill soil 2.
[0058] Specifically, most areas of the riverbank are covered with turf, forming a turf surface 5 or a turf slope 6. Before planting turf, cultivated soil with a thickness of not less than 15 cm can be laid on the riverbank slope. In order to ensure the uniformity and aesthetics of the greening, it is recommended not to use grass seeds for sowing, but to use finished turf for transplanting.
[0059] In one embodiment, the turf surface 5 or the turf slope 6 is planted with Bermuda grass, Manila grass, American evergreen, bentgrass, greens grass, Bermuda grass, tall fescue, or slope protection king.
[0060] One of eight grass types is often used for turf protection 5 or turf slope protection 6. The following is an introduction to these grasses:
[0061] ① Bermuda grass: Bermuda grass is a perennial grass with adventitious roots and root nodes, allowing for rapid growth. It has numerous runners, which provide excellent ground cover. Therefore, a single Bermuda grass plant provides many times more soil coverage than ordinary grasses. Furthermore, growing Bermuda grass is economical, as seeds are relatively inexpensive (around 8 to 30 yuan per pound). This turf sprouts within 7 to 10 days of sowing, and can grow for many years, reaching a height of approximately 15 to 20 centimeters. Bermuda grass exhibits some very resilient traits, being resistant to trampling, drought, and stress. It prefers sun to shade. Furthermore, its growth is highly dependent on temperature. When temperatures drop below 10 degrees Celsius, it turns yellow and eventually withers. However, it will regrow in the following spring.
[0062] ② Manila grass: Manila grass is a terrestrial herbaceous plant of the genus Zoysia in the Poaceae family. It has semi-fine leaves and racemose inflorescences. It is emerald green, has strong tillering ability, and is highly ornamental. It is best cultivated in deep, fertile, well-drained soil. It is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Oceania, and wild populations are found in Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi, China. Manila grass is a perennial herb with a transverse rhizome and fine fibrous roots. The culm is erect, 12-20 cm tall, with short internodes at the base and one to several branches per node. Due to its creeping growth characteristics, strong competitiveness, and moderate trampling tolerance, Manila grass is widely used in paving gardens, public green spaces, and soil consolidation and slope protection. In addition, Manila grass grows slowly and has high ornamental value. It is a common warm-season lawn species in southwest China.
[0063] ③American Evergreen: Growth Habits and Characteristics: Very cold-tolerant, suitable for sowing in cooler northern regions. Growing approximately 10 cm tall, this evergreen plant is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, rarely susceptible to pests and diseases. It grows slowly and easily recovers after frequent mowing and trampling. Seed purity is 98%, with a germination rate of 95%. Suitable for factories, schools, sports fields, and embankment slope protection.
[0064] ④ Bentgrass: Growth Habits and Characteristics: Strong cold resistance and tolerance to extensive management; thin leaves and stems, low growth, excellent turf quality, tolerance to poor soil quality and low shearing, early spring bloom, and excellent color in winter. Seed purity rate is 98%, germination rate is 95%. Suitable for golf courses, parks and gardens, landscaping maintenance, and small-scale plantings.
[0065] Bentgrass is a cool-season grass widely cultivated in northern my country. It can safely overwinter, but it withers and turns yellow in winter, only returning to green in March of the following spring. It is highly cold-tolerant. Bentgrass lawns can remain green in temperatures around -10°C (-14°F) in winter and can survive temperatures as low as -20°C (-20°F). It is cold-tolerant down to -25°C (-14°F), returning to green in spring temperatures around 5°C (-14°F).
[0066] ⑤ Green Grass: Growth Habits and Characteristics: Emerald green in color, very resilient, soft and resistant to trampling, suitable for walking and leisure activities. Cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, with few pests and diseases, slow growth, resistant to frequent mowing and trampling, and easily recovering, it remains green year-round. Seed purity is 98%, with a germination rate of 95%. Suitable for residential areas, villas, and high-end grass seed. Green grass will yellow in winter, provided the temperature has fallen below the critical point for turfgrass growth. Green turf is best grown in temperatures between 10 and 30 degrees Celsius. However, in northern regions, green turf has a certain degree of cold tolerance and will not yellow as long as the temperature does not drop below -15 degrees Celsius.
[0067] ⑥ Bermuda: Growth Habits and Characteristics: Trampling- and drought-resistant, with few pests and diseases, a long growing season, strong vitality, rapid reproduction, slow spread, long-growing patches, and evergreen all year round. Seed purity is 98%, with a germination rate of 95%. Suitable for golf courses, football fields, and public green spaces.
[0068] ⑦ Tall Fescue: Growth Habits and Characteristics: Prefers cool, humid, and warm climates, is heat-tolerant, and is light-loving and partially shade-tolerant. It is sensitive to fertilizers and highly resistant to stress. Its well-developed root system makes it a great slope protection plant. Seed purity is 98%, and germination rate is 95%. It is generally used for large-scale slope protection.
[0069] ⑧ Slope Protection King: Growth Habits and Characteristics: Prefers cool, humid, and warm climates, prefers fertile, humid soils, is heat-tolerant, and is light-loving and partially shade-tolerant. It is sensitive to fertilizers, exhibits strong resistance to stress, acid, and barrenness, and is highly resistant to disease. Seed purity is 98%, with a germination rate of 95%. Suitable for slope protection and soil and water conservation.
[0070] The planting process of the green landscape combined ecological riverbank slope protection provided by this embodiment is described as follows:
[0071] (1) Backfill soil is set up on the river bank, and cultivated soil with a thickness of not less than 15 cm can also be laid to facilitate the growth of grass and various shrubs.
[0072] (2) Plant evergreen shrubs in the upper wave area 11, such as boxwood, small-leaf boxwood, and large-leaf boxwood. Plant red or yellow shrubs in the lower wave area 12, such as red-flowered sempervirens or red-leafed photinia, which has red leaves in spring and summer. Plant yellow shrubs such as golden privet, which has yellow leaves in spring and summer, and golden-edged boxwood, which has yellow-green leaves. Planting should be done in winter and spring, and watering should be done moderately to increase the survival rate of the shrubs.
[0073] (3) Plant red, green or yellow spherical shrubs in the first local landscape area 31.
[0074] Alternatively, plant evergreen shrubs (such as boxwood, small-leaf boxwood, and large-leaf boxwood) in the outer ring, and evergreen flowering shrubs (such as pink roses and peonies about 70 cm in height) in the inner ring. Plant medium-leaf ophiopogon below the shrubs.
[0075] (4) Red, green or yellow spherical shrubs are planted in the second local landscape area 32, and spherical shrubs of the same color or different colors can be set on both sides of the wave landscape 1. Medium-leaf lily pompano also needs to be planted under the spherical shrubs.
[0076] (5) Plant flowering evergreen shrubs in linear landscapes, such as roses, peonies, Daphne odora, azaleas, euonymus, lilacs, etc.
[0077] (6) According to the local temperature, humidity and soil conditions, one of Bermuda grass, Manila grass, American evergreen, bentgrass, greens grass, Bermuda grass, tall fescue or slope protection king is selected and laid to form turf slope protection 6 and turf surface protection 5.
[0078] The resulting ecological bank slope protection features winding, natural curves in the upper and lower wave zones 12. Spherical shrubs planted in the first and second local landscape zones 31 and 32 combine with the varying heights of the upper and lower wave zones 12 to create a three-dimensional green landscape with varying levels in both plan and elevation. The combination of herbaceous plants and shrubs of varying heights creates a colorful, three-dimensional landscape effect that varies in height and distance.
[0079] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection, characterized in that: include: A wavy landscape (1), wherein the wavy landscape (1) is planted on river bank backfill soil (2), and comprises a plurality of wavy landscape areas spaced apart along the extending direction of the river bank; A local landscape, wherein the local landscape is planted on the river bank backfill soil (2), and comprises a first local landscape area (31) and a second local landscape area (32), wherein the first local landscape area (31) is arranged between two adjacent sections of the wavy landscape areas, and the second local landscape areas (32) are staggeredly arranged on both sides of the wavy landscape (1); A linear landscape, wherein the linear landscape is planted on the river bank backfill soil (2), and comprises a plurality of linear landscape areas (41) staggeredly arranged on both sides of the wavy landscape (1); A turf protection surface (5) is planted on the river bank backfill soil (2) and is located around the wavy landscape (1), the local landscape and the straight landscape.
2. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wavy landscape area comprises an upper wavy area (11) and a lower wavy area (12) that are arranged adjacent to each other, and the planting width of the upper wavy area (11) and the lower wavy area (12) is [30, 50] cm.
3. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper wave area (11) is planted with evergreen shrubs, and the lower wave area (12) is planted with red or yellow shrubs.
4. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first local landscape area (31) is planted with red, green or yellow spherical shrubs, and the diameter of the spherical shrubs is [100, 200] cm.
5. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer ring of the first local landscape area (31) is planted with evergreen shrubs, and the inner ring is planted with evergreen flowering shrubs.
6. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The second local landscape area (32) is planted with red, green or yellow spherical shrubs, and the diameter of the spherical shrubs is [60, 100] cm.
7. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Medium-leaf ophiopogon is also planted under the spherical shrubs in the first local landscape area (31) and the second local landscape area (32).
8. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The linear landscape area (41) is planted with flowering evergreen shrubs with a planting width of [30, 50] cm.
9. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a turf slope protection (6) arranged at 50 cm on the water side, and the turf slope protection (6) is planted on the river bank backfill soil (2).
10. The green landscape combined ecological river bank slope protection according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The turf surface protection (5) or the turf slope protection (6) is planted with bermudagrass, Manila grass, American evergreen, bentgrass, greens grass, Bermuda grass, tall fescue, or slope protection king.