Temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for damping of wind power tower

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power tower shock absorption, and provides a temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower shock absorption, which comprises a plurality of damping assemblies, the plurality of damping assemblies are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, the plurality of damping assemblies are arranged on the outer side of a wind power tower tube, and each damping assembly comprises a plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms. The memory alloy damping mechanisms are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the wind power tower drum, each memory alloy damping mechanism comprises a memory alloy bar, and the two ends of each memory alloy bar are fixedly connected with the wind power tower drum through connecting mechanisms; the memory alloy bars are arranged on the inner sides of the temperature adjusting mechanisms respectively, heating pieces are arranged in the temperature adjusting mechanisms, and the heating pieces are used for heating the memory alloy bars to change the deformation performance of the memory alloy bars. The damping structure containing the memory alloy is arranged on the outer side of the wind power sleeve, so that the purposes of improving the anti-seismic property of the tower drum and reducing the construction difficulty are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind power tower vibration reduction, and in particular relates to a temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbine towers are highly flexible structures, and earthquakes can cause structural damage and huge property losses. Therefore, taking engineering measures to improve the seismic resistance of wind turbine towers is the key to mitigating earthquake disasters and reducing casualties and property losses during earthquakes.

[0003] Memory alloy (SMA), as a new material, boasts a variety of excellent properties. It's often used as a self-resetting device in dampers, often in conjunction with friction dampers and tuned dampers, and has a wide range of applications. However, this type of damper suffers from its large overall size. On the other hand, the deformation properties of SMA can be exploited for energy dissipation and vibration reduction. Due to the structural requirements of wind turbine towers, the internal space is limited, and sufficient space must be reserved for workers to ascend and descend. Installing a damper within this space limits its size, requiring consideration of not only the damper's shock-absorbing performance but also its structural dimensions, making its installation more difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind turbine tower vibration reduction to solve the above problems. By arranging a damping structure containing memory alloy on the outside of the wind turbine sleeve, the seismic performance of the tower is improved and the construction difficulty is reduced.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following solution: a temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction, comprising:

[0006] A plurality of damping assemblies, wherein the plurality of damping assemblies are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom and are arranged on the outside of the wind turbine tower, the damping assemblies comprising a plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms, the plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms being circumferentially distributed on the outside of the wind turbine tower, the memory alloy damping mechanisms comprising memory alloy rods, both ends of the memory alloy rods being fixedly connected to the wind turbine tower via connecting mechanisms;

[0007] A plurality of temperature regulating mechanisms are provided, and a plurality of memory alloy rods are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the plurality of temperature regulating mechanisms. A heating element is provided in the temperature regulating mechanism, and the heating element is used to heat the memory alloy rods to change the deformation performance of the memory alloy rods.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes two groups of connecting rods, one end of each of the connecting rods is fixedly connected to both ends of the memory alloy rod, and the other ends of each of the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the wind turbine tower via anchors.

[0009] Preferably, the anchoring piece includes a plurality of connecting flanges, which are coaxially fixedly connected to the wind turbine tower, the memory alloy rod is arranged between two adjacent connecting flanges, and the end of the connecting rod away from the memory alloy rod is fixedly connected to the connecting flange.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the connecting rod and both ends of the memory alloy rod are respectively provided with threaded sections, both ends of the memory alloy rod are respectively threadedly connected to one end of the first nut, and the other end of the first nut is threadedly connected to one end of the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of outer ring holes are opened on the edge of the connecting flange, and a second nut is fixedly passed through each of the plurality of outer ring holes, and one end of the connecting rod away from the memory alloy rod is threadedly connected to the second nut.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature regulating mechanism includes a temperature regulating cylinder, the temperature regulating cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the memory alloy rod, and the heating element is arranged in the temperature regulating cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the heating element includes a resistance wire, the resistance wire is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the temperature regulating cylinder, and the resistance wire is used to heat the memory alloy rod.

[0014] Preferably, both ends of the temperature regulating cylinder are fixedly connected to one end of a plurality of fixing rods, respectively, and the other ends of the fixing rods are fixedly connected to the connecting rods via fixing bolts.

[0015] Preferably, a solar panel is fixedly connected to the outer side of the temperature regulating cylinder, and the solar panel is used to supply power to the resistance wire.

[0016] Preferably, the memory alloy rod is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the main function of the several memory alloy assembly mechanisms is to be fixedly connected to the outside of the wind turbine tower by end-to-end connection, avoiding occupying the internal space of the wind turbine tower while also producing a damping effect; the main function of the memory alloy rods is to improve the seismic performance of the wind turbine tower through their own good restoring force and toughness; the main function of the temperature control mechanism is to heat the memory alloy rods, and by increasing the temperature of the memory alloy rods, the deformation properties of the memory alloy rods are changed, thereby improving weather resistance and efficiency. Overall, by placing the memory alloy damping mechanism around the outside of the wind turbine tower, the present invention can avoid occupying the limited space inside the wind turbine tower and reduce labor costs. At the same time, by utilizing the strong restoring force and toughness of the memory alloy, the memory alloy damping mechanism has good energy dissipation capacity and seismic performance, thereby improving the seismic performance and durability of the wind turbine tower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the wind turbine tower installed with a memory alloy damper according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a connecting flange according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the memory alloy rod and the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the temperature regulating cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the temperature regulating cylinder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the flange, the wind turbine tower and the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting flange located at the bottom and the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 is the stress-strain-temperature relationship diagram of the memory alloy;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a wind turbine tower being fixedly connected to a vibration test bench;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine tower in Example 2 being arranged on a vibration test bench through a foundation and soil system;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the angle between the memory alloy damper and the incident direction of the seismic wave in Example 2;

[0030] Among them, 1. memory alloy rod; 2. connecting rod; 3. connecting flange; 31. outer ring hole; 4. first nut; 5. temperature control tube; 6. fixing rod; 7. fixing bolt; 8. wind turbine tower; 81. tower segment; 82. flange; 83. screw hole; 9. second nut; 10. locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Reference Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction, comprising:

[0035] A plurality of damping assemblies are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the plurality of damping assemblies are arranged on the outside of the wind turbine tower 8. The damping assemblies include a plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms, and the plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms are circumferentially distributed on the outside of the wind turbine tower 8. The memory alloy damping mechanism includes a memory alloy rod 1, and both ends of the memory alloy rod 1 are fixedly connected to the wind turbine tower 8 through a connecting mechanism;

[0036] A plurality of temperature regulating mechanisms and a plurality of memory alloy rods 1 are respectively arranged inside the plurality of temperature regulating mechanisms. A heating element is arranged inside the temperature regulating mechanism. The heating element is used to heat the memory alloy rods 1 to change the deformation performance of the memory alloy rods 1 .

[0037] The main function of the several memory alloy components is to be fixedly connected end to end to the outside of the wind turbine tower, avoiding occupying the internal space of the wind turbine tower while also producing a damping effect. The main function of the memory alloy rod 1 is to improve the seismic performance of the wind turbine tower 8 through its own excellent restoring force and toughness. The main function of the temperature control mechanism is to heat the memory alloy rod 1, and by increasing the temperature of the memory alloy rod 1, the deformation properties of the memory alloy rod 1 are changed, thereby improving weather resistance and efficiency. Overall, by surrounding the outside of the wind turbine tower, the present invention can avoid occupying the limited space inside the wind turbine tower and reduce labor costs. At the same time, by utilizing the strong restoring force and toughness of the memory alloy, the memory alloy damping mechanism has good energy dissipation capacity and seismic performance, thereby improving the seismic performance and durability of the wind turbine tower.

[0038] According to a further optimized solution, the connection mechanism includes two groups of connection rods 2, one end of the two connection rods 2 is fixedly connected to the two ends of the memory alloy rod 1, and the other ends of the two connection rods 2 are fixedly connected to the wind turbine tower 8 through anchors.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, by connecting connecting rods 2 at both ends of the memory alloy rod 1 and then connecting them to the wind turbine tower 8, a good shock absorption effect can be achieved while using less memory alloy material.

[0040] A further optimized solution is that the anchor includes several connecting flanges 3, which are coaxially fixedly connected to the wind turbine tower 8, the memory alloy rod 1 is arranged between two adjacent connecting flanges 3, and the end of the connecting rod 2 away from the memory alloy rod 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 3.

[0041] According to a further optimization scheme, the wind turbine tower 8 is composed of a plurality of tower segments 81. The top and bottom of the tower segment 81 are fixedly connected with flanges 82 respectively. A plurality of screw holes 83 are opened on the connecting flange 3. The flange 82 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 3 by bolts.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a group of tower segments 81 are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting flange 3, and the flanges 82 close to each other on the two groups of tower segments 81 are respectively attached to the connecting flange 3 and connected to each other by bolts, thereby realizing a fixed connection between the connecting flange 3 and the tower segment 81 and allowing several tower segments 81 to be combined into a wind turbine tower 8.

[0043] To further optimize the solution, both ends of the connecting rod 2 and both ends of the memory alloy rod 1 are respectively provided with threaded sections, both ends of the memory alloy rod 1 are respectively threadedly connected to one end of the first nut 4, and the other end of the first nut 4 is threadedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 2.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the first nut 4 connects the memory alloy rod 1 and the connecting rod 2 through threads, so that the memory alloy rod 1 and the connecting rod 2 form a whole.

[0045] To further optimize the solution, a plurality of outer ring holes 31 are opened on the edge of the connecting flange 3, and a second nut 9 is fixedly passed through each of the plurality of outer ring holes 31, and one end of the connecting rod 2 away from the memory alloy rod 1 is threadedly connected to the second nut 9.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the plurality of outer ring holes 31 are located outside the plurality of screw holes 83 .

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the second nut 9 has the same structure as the first nut 4 , and the connecting rods 2 located on the same axis on both sides of the connecting flange 3 are fixedly connected by the second nut 9 , thereby ensuring the integrity of the damping structure.

[0048] Further optimization scheme, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the top of the connecting rod 2 at the top passes through the outer ring hole 31 of the connecting flange 3 at the top layer of the wind turbine tower 8 and is threadedly connected to the lock nut 10. Similarly, the bottom of the connecting rod 2 at the bottom passes through the outer ring hole 31 of the connecting flange 3 at the bottom layer and is threadedly connected to the lock nut 10. As a result, the connecting rod 2 and the memory alloy rod 1 are vertically integrated on the outside of the wind turbine tower 8, and a smaller amount of memory alloy material is used to achieve a vibration reduction effect.

[0049] According to a further optimized solution, the temperature regulating mechanism includes a temperature regulating cylinder 5 , which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the memory alloy rod 1 , and the heating element is arranged in the temperature regulating cylinder 5 .

[0050] In a further optimized solution, the heating element includes a resistance wire, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the temperature regulating cylinder 5 and is used to heat the memory alloy rod 1 .

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, air outlets are provided at both ends of the temperature regulating cylinder 5. By adjusting the temperature of the resistance wire, the temperature of the memory alloy rod 1 can be changed, thereby changing the deformation performance of the memory alloy rod 1.

[0052] Further optimization scheme, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the essence of SMA shape memory alloy is the process of mutual transformation of microscopic austenite phase (Austenite) and martensite phase (Martensite) under stress or temperature stimulation. The process of cooling austenite to form martensite is called positive phase transformation, and the starting temperature of martensite phase transformation is defined as M s , the end temperature is defined as M f , similarly, A can be defined in the reverse phase transition s and Af After loading, the twinned martensite is redirected (de-twinned) to non-twinned martensite. During the unloading process, as the stress gradually decreases, the martensite will gradually transform into austenite while recovering its deformation during tension. After unloading, most of the strain can be recovered, which is manifested macroscopically as the SMA shape memory alloy recovering its original shape. If the SMA shape memory alloy is in a stretched martensite state, raising the temperature to T>A f It also converts martensite into austenite, so changing the temperature can bring out the recovery properties of the SMA shape memory alloy.

[0053] As a further optimization solution, a control unit is further provided in the wind turbine tower 8, which can adjust the heating power of the resistance wire. The operator can change the heating power of the resistance wire through the control unit, thereby adjusting the temperature of the memory alloy rod 1.

[0054] According to a further optimized solution, the two ends of the temperature regulating cylinder 5 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a plurality of fixing rods 6 , and the other ends of the fixing rods 6 are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 2 through fixing bolts 7 .

[0055] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a reserved hole is opened on the fixing rod 6, and a threaded hole is opened on the connecting rod 2 accordingly. The fixing bolt 7 passes through the reserved hole and is threadedly connected in the threaded hole to achieve a fixed connection between the fixing rod 6 and the connecting rod 2.

[0056] As a further optimization solution, a solar panel is fixedly connected to the outside of the temperature regulating cylinder 5, and the solar panel is used to supply power to the resistance wire.

[0057] To further optimize the solution, the memory alloy rod 1 is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] This example uses a scaled model of a 2.2m tall wind turbine tower as a prototype. The model features three tower segments 81, measuring 0.4m, 0.9m, and 0.9m in height, respectively, and 4mm, 3mm, and 3mm in thickness. The connecting flange 3 is 10mm thick and features six screw holes 83 evenly distributed around its circumference for connecting the tower segments 81. Four outer ring holes 31 are positioned 90° apart on the connecting flange 3.

[0060] The diameter of the memory alloy rod 1 is the same as that of the connecting rod 2, which is 8 mm. The center of the outer ring hole 31 is 10 mm from the edge of the connecting flange 3. The temperature control cylinder 5 has an outer diameter of 15 mm and an inner diameter of 12 mm. The connecting rod 2 is made of Q235 steel.

[0061] The memory alloy damper of the present invention is fixed on the wind turbine tower 8 to conduct a vibration table test. The test arrangement is as follows: Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, and as Figure 11 The angle shown is 45° to the direction of the applied seismic wave in the test conditions. During the test, a unidirectional seismic wave was applied to the tower base. The acceleration and displacement responses at the tower top under the condition of maximum seismic wave amplitude PGA = 0.8g are listed in Tables 1 and 2. Comparing the structural responses with and without the SMA damper, it was found that the peak acceleration and displacement of the tower top with the SMA damper were reduced by up to 30.55% and 32.57% under the fixed connection condition, and by up to 19.20% and 27.62% under the flexible connection condition. This indicates that the addition of the SMA damper has a significant vibration reduction effect on the wind turbine tower, regardless of whether soil-structure interaction is considered.

[0062] Table 1 PGA = 0.8g peak acceleration response of the tower top

[0063]

[0064] Table 2 PGA = 0.8g tower top displacement response peak

[0065]

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction, characterized in that ,include: A plurality of damping assemblies, wherein the plurality of damping assemblies are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the plurality of damping assemblies are arranged on the outside of a wind power tower (8), the damping assemblies include a plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms, the plurality of memory alloy damping mechanisms are circumferentially distributed on the outside of the wind power tower (8), the memory alloy damping mechanisms include a memory alloy rod (1), and both ends of the memory alloy rod (1) are fixedly connected to the wind power tower (8) via a connecting mechanism; A plurality of temperature regulating mechanisms are provided, and a plurality of the memory alloy rods (1) are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the plurality of temperature regulating mechanisms. A heating element is provided in the temperature regulating mechanism, and the heating element is used to heat the memory alloy rods (1) to change the deformation performance of the memory alloy rods (1).

2. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind tower vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection mechanism comprises two groups of connection rods (2), one end of each of the connection rods (2) is fixedly connected to the two ends of the memory alloy rod (1), and the other ends of each of the connection rods (2) are fixedly connected to the wind power tower (8) via anchoring pieces.

3. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind tower vibration reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchoring member comprises a plurality of connecting flanges (3), wherein the plurality of connecting flanges (3) are fixedly connected to the wind power tower (8) coaxially, the memory alloy rod (1) is arranged between two adjacent connecting flanges (3), and the end of the connecting rod (2) away from the memory alloy rod (1) is fixedly connected to the connecting flange (3).

4. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind tower vibration reduction according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the connecting rod (2) and the two ends of the memory alloy rod (1) are respectively provided with threaded sections, and both ends of the memory alloy rod (1) are respectively threadedly connected to one end of a first nut (4), and the other end of the first nut (4) is threadedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (2).

5. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The edge of the connecting flange (3) is provided with a plurality of outer ring holes (31), and a second nut (9) is fixedly inserted into each of the plurality of outer ring holes (31). One end of the connecting rod (2) away from the memory alloy rod (1) is threadedly connected to the second nut (9).

6. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature regulating mechanism comprises a temperature regulating cylinder (5), the temperature regulating cylinder (5) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the memory alloy rod (1), and the heating element is arranged in the temperature regulating cylinder (5).

7. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating element comprises a resistance wire, the resistance wire is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the temperature regulating cylinder (5), and the resistance wire is used to heat the memory alloy rod (1).

8. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the temperature regulating cylinder (5) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a plurality of fixing rods (6), and the other ends of the fixing rods (6) are fixedly connected to the connecting rod (2) via fixing bolts (7).

9. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction according to claim 7, characterized in that: A solar panel is fixedly connected to the outer side of the temperature regulating cylinder (5), and the solar panel is used to supply power to the resistance wire.

10. The temperature-adjustable memory alloy damper for wind power tower vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The memory alloy rod (1) is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

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