Explosion-proof device of waste heat recovery boiler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, and particularly discloses a waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device which comprises a pressure relief pipe assembly and an explosion-proof pipe assembly which are arranged at the upper end of a boiler body, the pressure relief pipe assembly comprises a vertical pipe, the lower end of the vertical pipe is connected with a pressure relief branch pipe, and the vertical pipe is connected with a transmission box; the top of the vertical pipe is connected with a blocking column through a first spring, a rack is arranged on one side of the blocking column, a gear meshed with the rack is installed in the transmission box, and a cam is arranged at the outer end of the rotating rod. The anti-explosion pipe assembly comprises an anti-explosion pipe, the upper end of the anti-explosion pipe is rotationally connected with an end cover, and the lower surface of the end cover is connected with a sealing ring. The explosion-proof device of the waste heat recovery boiler has good safety, the problem that the sealing performance is reduced due to frequent opening and closing of the explosion-proof pipe assembly is solved, the structural design of the whole trigger mechanism, the explosion-proof pipe assembly and the pressure relief pipe assembly is novel and ingenious, two-stage linkage of boiler pressure relief can be effectively achieved, and the safety of the boiler is improved. Therefore, the boiler has better pressure relief and explosion-proof effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, and particularly discloses an explosion-proof device for a waste heat recovery boiler. Background Art

[0002] During the coal chemical production process, high-temperature gases are generated at various stages. Recovering and utilizing the waste heat from these gases has long been a research priority. Currently, the industry typically utilizes this waste heat through heat exchange in boilers to generate high-temperature steam and hot water. However, existing waste heat recovery boilers typically only feature standard explosion-proof valves at the top to ensure safe operation.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with application number 201910917008.7 discloses an explosion-proof door of a waste heat boiler and a waste heat boiler, wherein the explosion-proof door includes: an explosion-proof door pipe, an explosion-proof door frame, an explosion-proof door body and a limiting assembly; the top of the explosion-proof door pipe forms a bending portion, and the end of the bending portion forms a top pipe opening; the explosion-proof door frame is connected to the bending portion; the explosion-proof door body is connected to the explosion-proof door frame through a rotating shaft to open or close the top pipe opening. When the explosion-proof door body is in a closed state, it is inclined relative to the horizontal plane and the center of gravity is located below the rotating shaft. The explosion-proof door body is often closed on the explosion-proof door frame under the action of its own weight; the limiting assembly blocks the explosion-proof door body to limit the opening angle of the explosion-proof door body. Although the explosion-proof door disclosed in this invention patent can provide a certain explosion-proof effect for waste heat boilers, when used in steam boilers, the internal steam pressure constantly changes, causing the explosion-proof door body in this patent to continuously open and close from the top of the explosion-proof door pipe during the steam pressure change process. The long-term frequent opening and closing action can easily cause the explosion-proof door to be loosely sealed, resulting in the circulation of gas between the boiler cavity and the external environment, causing heat loss during the waste heat utilization process. Therefore, in response to the shortcomings of the existing explosion-proof doors of waste heat boilers and waste heat boilers used in steam boilers to realize the recovery and utilization of high-temperature waste heat from coal chemical industry, this application proposes a waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device that can effectively solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an explosion-proof device for a waste heat recovery boiler to solve the problem that the explosion-proof door of the existing waste heat boiler and the waste heat boiler are frequently opened and closed, resulting in a poor sealing of the explosion-proof door.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device, comprising a pressure relief pipe assembly and an explosion-proof pipe assembly arranged at the upper end of a boiler body, the pressure relief pipe assembly comprising a vertical pipe, one side of the lower end of the vertical pipe being connected to a pressure relief branch pipe, a transmission box being connected to the vertical pipe located above the pressure relief branch pipe, a blocking column for sealing the pressure relief branch pipe being connected to the top of the vertical pipe via a first spring, a rack being provided on the side of the blocking column facing the transmission box, a gear meshing with the rack being installed in the transmission box via a rotating rod, and a cam being provided at the outer end of the rotating rod; The explosion-proof pipe assembly includes an explosion-proof pipe, the upper end of which is rotatably connected to an end cap, and the lower surface of the end cap is connected to a sealing ring adapted to the explosion-proof pipe, the sealing ring is provided with a convex plate extending downward, and a limited slot is provided on the convex plate, a lock bar that acts on the limited slot is sealed and inserted on the explosion-proof pipe near the cam side, a trigger mechanism for pulling out and inserting the lock bar is provided on the outer side of the explosion-proof pipe, and the cam acts on the trigger mechanism.

[0006] As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the trigger structure includes a support arranged on the outer side of the explosion-proof tube, a lever is rotatably connected to the support, a roller abutting against a cam is provided at the lower end of the lever, and a second spring is connected between the lever and the explosion-proof tube, the upper end of the lever is connected to a U-shaped frame, a strip-shaped opening is opened on the U-shaped frame, and the outer end of the locking bar is provided with a convex shaft acting with the strip-shaped opening.

[0007] As a further configuration of the above solution, the contour surface of the cam is composed of a large diameter arc segment, a small diameter arc segment and a transition connection segment connected in sequence.

[0008] As a further configuration of the above solution, a guide plug-in portion aligned with the limiting socket is provided at the side end of the explosion-proof tube, and the locking strip is seal-inserted in the guide plug-in portion.

[0009] As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the transmission box and the pressure relief branch pipe are respectively arranged at the two side ends of the vertical pipe, the blocking column is provided with a vertical inner groove opposite to the transmission box, and the rack is arranged in the vertical inner groove.

[0010] As a further configuration of the above solution, a hinged seat is provided at the upper end of the explosion-proof tube away from the locking bar, and the end cover is rotatably connected to the hinged seat.

[0011] As a further configuration of the above solution, a sealing ring is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring and is adapted to the upper opening of the explosion-proof tube.

[0012] As a further configuration of the above solution, the upper surface of the end cover is connected to a vertically upward weight sleeve rod, and the weight sleeve rod is provided with a weight disc.

[0013] As a further arrangement of the above scheme, two of each of the pressure relief pipe assembly and the explosion-proof pipe assembly are provided, the two pressure relief pipe assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end of the boiler body, and the rotating rods in the two pressure relief pipe assemblies are concentrically connected, and the two explosion-proof pipe assemblies are arranged between the two pressure relief pipe assemblies.

[0014] The waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device disclosed in this invention recycles and utilizes heat from high-temperature coal chemical gas. A heat exchanger heats tap water inside the boiler body, bringing it to a boil. When the steam pressure inside the boiler body reaches a certain level, the blocking column moves upward along the vertical tube, overcoming the force of the first spring. This opens the connection between the pressure relief branch pipe and the vertical tube, allowing internal steam to be discharged through the pressure relief branch pipe, achieving primary pressure relief and explosion prevention.

[0015] During the pressure relief and explosion prevention process, when the steam discharge speed of the pressure relief branch pipe is lower than the steam generation speed inside the boiler body, the steam pressure inside the entire boiler body will further increase, thereby forcing the blocking column to continue to move upward along the vertical pipe, and during the movement, the rotating rod rotates through the meshing transmission between the rack and the gear, and the cam is driven to rotate through the rotating rod.

[0016] During the rotation of the cam, the initial state of the trigger mechanism is changed. Then, under the action of the trigger mechanism, the locking bar is pulled outward until the locking bar is pulled out of the limit socket on the convex plate, thereby releasing the locked state of the end cover. After the end cover is released from the locking effect, when the steam pressure inside the boiler body continues to increase, the steam pressure will cause the end cover to overcome its own gravity and rotate upward, thereby opening the upper end opening of the explosion-proof pipe. After the explosion-proof pipe is opened, the internal steam can be quickly discharged, thereby achieving the effect of fast secondary pressure relief and explosion prevention, and avoiding the frequent opening and closing of the end cover from the explosion-proof pipe under low steam pressure, so that the explosion-proof pipe assembly can maintain good sealing for a long time.

[0017] In addition, after the pressure relief is completed, the end cover is closed in the opening of the explosion-proof pipe under the action of its own gravity, and the blocking column will move downward, and then the cam will rotate in the opposite direction through the meshing transmission between the rack and the gear, and then the lever will rotate in the opposite direction under the action of the second spring, and finally the inner end of the locking bar will be inserted into the limit socket again to fix the end cover. After fixation, the pressure relief branch pipe can continue to perform the first-level pressure relief.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device disclosed in the present invention adopts a two-stage pressure relief and explosion-proof design. When the steam pressure inside the boiler body is relatively low, the first-stage pressure relief and explosion-proof can be performed through the pressure relief pipe assembly. When the steam pressure inside the boiler body is relatively high, the locked state of the explosion-proof pipe assembly can be released by the trigger mechanism, and then the second-stage pressure relief and explosion-proof can be performed through the explosion-proof pipe assembly, so that the entire waste heat recovery boiler has better safety and avoids the problem of reduced sealing due to frequent opening and closing of the explosion-proof pipe assembly.

[0019] The special design of the trigger mechanism in the present invention can transmit the subsequent action of the pressure relief pipe assembly to the explosion-proof pipe assembly, thereby actively releasing the locked state of the explosion-proof pipe assembly; the structural design of the entire trigger mechanism, explosion-proof pipe assembly and pressure relief pipe assembly is novel and ingenious, which can effectively realize the two-level linkage of boiler pressure relief, so that the boiler has better pressure relief and explosion-proof effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a first angle; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from a second angle of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the double pressure relief explosion-proof mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the explosion-proof pipe assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the pressure relief pipe assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Figures 1 to 6 , and describes the application in detail with reference to embodiments. Example 1

[0024] Example 1: A waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device, which is described below in conjunction with a waste heat recovery boiler, includes a boiler body 1. A plurality of legs 2 are welded to the lower end of the boiler body 1 for stable support of the entire device. A high-temperature air inlet pipe 3 and a high-temperature air outlet pipe 4 are connected to the left and right ends of the boiler body 1, respectively. A heat exchanger is provided inside the boiler body 1, with its two ends connected to the high-temperature air inlet pipe 3 and the high-temperature air outlet pipe 4, respectively. The specific heat exchanger can be a shell and tube heat exchanger or a spiral coil heat exchanger, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. A cold water inlet pipe 5 and a hot water outlet pipe 6 are connected to the two ends of the front side of the boiler body 1, respectively, and both are provided with corresponding control valves. The cold water inlet pipe 5 is connected to an external tap water source, and the hot water outlet pipe 6 is connected to a pipeline for directional transportation according to the specific purpose.

[0025] A dual pressure-relief and explosion-proof mechanism is installed at the upper end of the boiler body 1. Specifically, the dual pressure-relief and explosion-proof mechanism includes a pressure-relief pipe assembly 8 and an explosion-proof pipe assembly 7, both connected to the upper end of the boiler body 1. The pressure-relief pipe assembly 8 comprises a vertical pipe 801 connected to the upper end of the boiler body 1. A pressure-relief branch pipe 802 is connected to one side of the lower end of vertical pipe 801. A transmission box 803 is connected to the side of vertical pipe 801 opposite to pressure-relief branch pipe 802. The top of vertical pipe 801 is sealed, and a first spring 804 is connected to its top wall. A blocking post 805 is connected to the lower end of first spring 804. This blocking post 805, activated by the first spring 804, seals the connection between the pressure-relief branch pipe 802 and vertical pipe 801. A vertical inner groove is formed on the side of the blocking column 805 facing the transmission box 803, and a rack 806 is installed in the vertical inner groove. Then, a gear 807 is rotatably installed in the transmission box 803, and the side end of the gear 807 extending into the vertical tube 801 meshes with the rack 806. Finally, a rotating rod 808 extending from the transmission box 803 is fixedly connected to the center of the gear 807. A cam 809 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 808 outside the transmission box 803. The profile of the cam 809 is composed of a large-diameter arc segment, a small-diameter arc segment, and a transition segment connected in sequence.

[0026] The explosion-proof tube assembly 7 includes an explosion-proof tube 701 connected to the upper end of the boiler body 1. A hinged seat 702 is provided at the upper end of the explosion-proof tube 701, opposite the rotating rod 808. An end cap 703 is rotatably connected to the hinged seat 702. A sealing ring 704, which mates with the explosion-proof tube 701, is connected to the lower surface of the end cap 703. A sealing ring 705 is provided on the outer circumference of the sealing ring 704. A downwardly extending protruding plate 706 is provided on the sealing ring 704, opposite the hinged seat 702. A limit slot 7061 is defined in the protruding plate 706.

[0027] A guide connector 707 is provided at the side end of the explosion-proof tube 701, aligned with the stopper socket 7061. A locking bar 708 is sealedly inserted into the guide connector 707, interacting with the stopper socket 7061. The upper surface of the inner end of the locking bar 708 is a smooth, inclined surface, and cams are provided on both sides of the outer end of the locking bar 708. A support 709 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the explosion-proof tube 701 below the guide connector 707. A lever 710 is rotatably connected to the support 709 via a pin. A roller 711 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the lever 710, interacting with the cam 809. A second spring 712 is also connected between the lever 710 and the outer side of the explosion-proof tube 701. A U-shaped frame 713 is connected to the upper end of the lever 710, and strip-shaped openings 714 are provided at each end of the U-shaped frame 713, interacting with corresponding cams.

[0028] When recovering waste heat from high-temperature medium in the coal chemical industry, the waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device disclosed in Example 1 introduces the high-temperature medium into the boiler body 1. Heat exchange in the heat exchanger causes the water inside to boil. When the steam pressure inside the boiler body 1 reaches a certain level, the steam pressure causes the blocking column 805 to overcome the force of the first spring 804 and move upward, thereby opening the pressure relief branch 802. Once opened, the internal steam can be relieved to a certain extent through the pressure relief branch 802.

[0029] When the steam pressure relief speed of the pressure relief branch pipe 802 cannot keep up with the steam generation speed inside the boiler body 1, the steam pressure inside the entire boiler body 1 will further increase, thereby continuing to push the blocking column 805 upward and overcoming the force of the first spring 804. As the blocking column 805 continues to move upward, the meshing transmission between the rack 806 and the gear 807 causes the rotating rod 808 to rotate, and then causes the cam 809 to rotate. During the rotation of the cam 809, the small-diameter arc segment that originally abutted against the roller 711 becomes a large-diameter arc segment. Then, under the squeezing action of the cam 809, the lower end of the lever 710 moves closer to the side end of the explosion-proof tube 701, while the upper end of the lever 710 moves away from the side end of the explosion-proof tube 701, thereby pulling out the lock bar 708 through the U-shaped frame 713. After the lock bar 708 is pulled out, the rear end cover 703 is released from the restriction of the lock bar 708. As the steam pressure inside the boiler body 1 continues to increase, the steam pressure will cause the end cover 703 to rotate upward under the action of its own gravity, thereby opening the explosion-proof pipe 701. After the explosion-proof pipe 701 is opened, the internal steam can be quickly discharged, thereby achieving the effect of rapid pressure relief and explosion prevention.

[0030] After the pressure relief is completed, the end cover 703 is closed in the opening of the explosion-proof tube 701 under the action of its own gravity. At the same time, the blocking column 805 will move downward, and the meshing transmission between the rack 806 and the gear 807 will cause the cam 809 to rotate in the opposite direction. Then, under the action of the second spring 712, the lever 710 will rotate in the opposite direction, and finally the inner end of the locking bar 708 will be inserted into the limiting socket 7061 again to fix the end cover 703. After fixation, the pressure relief branch pipe 802 can continue to relieve pressure. Example 2

[0031] Example 2 discloses a waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device that is optimized based on the technical solution in Example 1. The similarities between it and Example 1 are not described again.

[0032] In this second embodiment, two pressure relief pipe assemblies 8 and two explosion-proof pipe assemblies 7 are provided. The two pressure relief pipe assemblies 8 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the upper end of the boiler body 1. The rotating rods 808 of the two pressure relief pipe assemblies 8 are concentrically connected. The two explosion-proof pipe assemblies 7 are arranged between the two pressure relief pipe assemblies 8, and the two cams 809 on the rotating rod 808 respectively abut against the rollers 711 on the two pressure relief pipe assemblies 8.

[0033] In addition, a vertically upward weight sleeve rod 715 is connected to the upper surface of the end cover 703 in each explosion-proof pipe assembly 7. A corresponding number of weight plates 716 can be set on the weight sleeve rod 715 according to the pressure requirements of pressure relief and explosion prevention. The pressure value of large-scale steam pressure relief and explosion prevention can be adjusted by increasing the number of weight plates 716.

[0034] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery boiler explosion-proof device, characterized in that: The boiler comprises a pressure relief pipe assembly and an explosion-proof pipe assembly arranged at the upper end of the boiler body. The pressure relief pipe assembly comprises a vertical pipe. A pressure relief branch pipe is connected to one side of the lower end of the vertical pipe. A transmission box is connected to the vertical pipe located above the pressure relief branch pipe. A blocking column for sealing the pressure relief branch pipe is connected to the top of the vertical pipe via a first spring. A rack is provided on the side of the blocking column facing the transmission box. A gear meshing with the rack is installed in the transmission box via a rotating rod. A cam is provided at the outer end of the rotating rod. The explosion-proof pipe assembly includes an explosion-proof pipe, the upper end of which is rotatably connected to an end cap, and the lower surface of the end cap is connected to a sealing ring adapted to the explosion-proof pipe, the sealing ring is provided with a convex plate extending downward, and a limited slot is provided on the convex plate, a lock bar that acts on the limited slot is sealed and inserted on the explosion-proof pipe near the cam side, a trigger mechanism for pulling out and inserting the lock bar is provided on the outer side of the explosion-proof pipe, and the cam acts on the trigger mechanism.

2. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger structure includes a support arranged on the outer side of the explosion-proof tube, a lever is rotatably connected to the support, a roller abutting against a cam is provided at the lower end of the lever, and a second spring is connected between the lever and the explosion-proof tube, the upper end of the lever is connected to a U-shaped frame, a strip-shaped opening is opened on the U-shaped frame, and a convex shaft interacting with the strip-shaped opening is provided at the outer end of the lock bar.

3. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contour surface of the cam is composed of a large-diameter arc segment, a small-diameter arc segment and a transition connecting segment connected in sequence.

4. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side end of the explosion-proof pipe is provided with a guide plug-in portion aligned with the limiting socket, and the locking strip is seal-inserted in the guide plug-in portion.

5. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission box and the pressure relief branch pipe are respectively arranged at the two side ends of the vertical pipe. The blocking column is provided with a vertical inner groove opposite to the transmission box, and the rack is arranged in the vertical inner groove.

6. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hinge seat is provided at the upper end of the explosion-proof tube away from the locking bar, and the end cover is rotatably connected to the hinge seat.

7. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring and is matched with the upper opening of the explosion-proof tube.

8. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the end cover is connected with a vertically upward weight sleeve rod, and the weight sleeve rod is provided with a weight disc.

9. The explosion-proof device for waste heat recovery boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two pressure relief pipe assemblies and two explosion-proof pipe assemblies, and the two pressure relief pipe assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end of the boiler body, and the rotating rods in the two pressure relief pipe assemblies are concentrically connected, and the two explosion-proof pipe assemblies are arranged between the two pressure relief pipe assemblies.

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