Solid heat exchanger special for calcium circulation method carbon capture and heat exchange method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture equipment, in particular to a solid heat exchanger special for calcium circulation method carbon capture and a heat exchange method. The solid heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange assembly and a second heat exchange assembly. The first heat exchange assembly comprises a first hollow shell and a first heat exchange plate. The second heat exchange assembly comprises a second hollow shell and a discharging plate. The first shell is installed on the top face of the second shell, and a bottom plate of the first shell and a top plate of the second shell form a second heat exchange plate. The section, in the vertical direction, of the first heat exchange plate is of an inverted-T-shaped structure, the first heat exchange plate moves to the bottom of the first heat exchange plate to make contact with the second heat exchange plate when exchanging heat with the discharging plate, and the discharging plate moves to be close to the bottom of the second heat exchange plate when exchanging heat with the first heat exchange plate. The second heat exchange plate is used for conducting heat exchange between the first solid and the second solid. According to the solid heat exchanger, heat exchange can be directly conducted between solids, heat loss of a traditional gas-solid phase heat exchanger and a heat storage type heat exchanger is reduced, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture equipment, and in particular to a solid heat exchanger and a heat exchange method dedicated to calcium circulation carbon capture. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the cement industry is also developing rapidly. The cement industry is a major carbon emitter. According to statistics, in 2020, my country's total cement production reached 2.38 billion tons, and carbon emissions from the cement industry accounted for about 12% of the country's total carbon emissions. The cement industry can reduce carbon emissions by adopting methods such as improving energy efficiency, increasing the proportion of alternative fuels, and reducing the clinker coefficient. However, during the burning process of cement clinker, a large amount of CO2 will be produced due to the decomposition of carbonates. This part of CO2 is produced by chemical reactions and accounts for about half of the total carbon emissions in the cement production process, and carbon emissions cannot be reduced through the above methods. Therefore, deep decarbonization of the cement industry requires the use of carbon capture and utilization (CCUS) technology. The current carbon capture technology in industry generally adopts organic amine absorption and oxygen-enriched combustion technology. Among them, the organic amine absorption method is the most mature CCUS method currently used, but for the unique working conditions of the cement industry, amine absorbents are easily affected by dust, SO2, and NO x The cement industry currently lacks experience in handling large quantities of liquids. While oxygen-enriched combustion technology is a low-energy decarbonization method, its deployment requires significant modifications to existing cement kiln firing systems.

[0003] Based on this, researchers have developed a new carbon capture method: calcium cycle carbon capture. Calcium cycle carbon capture is a promising carbon capture method. Its main principle is the cyclic absorption and desorption of a calcium-based absorbent. The main absorption equation is CO2 + CaO → CaCO3, with a reaction temperature of approximately 650°C. The main desorption equation is CaCO3 → CO2 + CaO, with a reaction temperature of approximately 950°C. A carbonization furnace is typically used in the absorption process, while a calciner is typically used in the desorption process. In industrial applications, the carbonization furnace and calciner are typically heated independently. This independent heating leads to significant energy consumption throughout the calcium cycle capture process, increasing the cost of calcium cycle carbon capture. Furthermore, using existing gas-solid heat exchangers or energy storage heat exchangers to transfer this heat, these two types of heat exchangers result in significant heat losses when transferring heat from the solids in the carbonization furnace or calciner, resulting in poor heat transfer and ineffective utilization of this heat. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the carbonization furnace and calcining furnace in the calcium circulation carbon capture process generate a large amount of energy consumption due to independent heat supply and cannot effectively utilize this heat energy, the present invention provides a solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium circulation carbon capture and a heat exchange method thereof.

[0005] The present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: a solid heat exchanger specifically for calcium cycle carbon capture, comprising a heat exchange component (I) and a heat exchange component (II). Heat exchange component I comprises a hollow shell (I) and a heat exchange plate (I) mounted within shell (I), on which solids (I) to be heat exchanged are placed. Heat exchange component II comprises a hollow shell (II) and a discharge plate (I) mounted within shell (II), on which solids (II) to be heat exchanged are placed. Shell (I) is mounted on the top surface of shell (II), with the bottom plate of shell (I) and the top plate of shell (II) forming heat exchange plate (II). Heat exchange plate (I) has a vertical cross-section that is a convex-shaped structure. Heat exchange plate (I) is movably mounted to the bottom of shell (I) along the vertical direction of shell (I) and moves to the bottom of heat exchange plate (I) to contact heat exchange plate (II) when exchanging heat with the discharge plate. The discharge plate is movably mounted to the bottom of shell (II) along the vertical direction of shell (II) and moves close to the bottom of heat exchange plate (II) when exchanging heat with heat exchange plate (I). The second heat exchange plate is used to perform heat exchange between the solid one on the first heat exchange plate and the solid two on the discharge plate.

[0006] As a further improvement to the present invention, at least two pairs of telescopic assemblies (1) are mounted on the bottom of heat exchange plate 1, symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of housing 1. One end of each telescopic assembly (1) is fixed to the bottom of housing 1, and the other end of each telescopic assembly (1) is hingedly connected to the bottom of heat exchange plate 1. The two pairs of telescopic assemblies (1) can simultaneously push heat exchange plate 1 upward. Alternatively, one pair of telescopic assemblies (1) can push one side of heat exchange plate 1 upward, thereby tilting heat exchange plate 1.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, at least two pairs of telescopic components 2 are installed at the bottom of the discharge plate, and the two pairs of telescopic components 2 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the shell 2. One end of each telescopic component 2 is fixed to the bottom of the shell 2, and the other end of each telescopic component 2 is hingedly connected to the bottom of the discharge plate; the two pairs of telescopic components 2 can synchronously push the discharge plate upward to move upward; or one pair of telescopic components 2 pushes one side of the discharge plate to move upward, so that the discharge plate is arranged at an angle.

[0008] In the solution of the present invention, the second heat exchange plate may be a second graphite heat exchange plate.

[0009] In a typical solution, a driving member 1 and a scraper 1 are installed in a shell 1. One end of the driving member 1 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the other end of the driving member 1 is connected to the scraper 1. The scraper 1 is located above the heat exchange plate 1 and can move back and forth in the horizontal direction of the heat exchange plate 1 under the drive of the driving member 1.

[0010] In a typical solution, a driving member 2 and a scraper 2 are installed in the shell 2. One end of the driving member 2 is fixed to the side wall of the shell 2, and the other end of the driving member 2 is connected to the scraper 2. The scraper 2 is installed above the discharge plate and can move back and forth in the horizontal direction of the discharge plate under the drive of the driving member 2.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, temperature sensor 1 is installed in shell 1, and temperature sensor 2 is installed in shell 2. Temperature sensor 1 is used to monitor the temperature in shell 1 in real time, and temperature sensor 2 is used to monitor the temperature in shell 2 in real time.

[0012] In a typical solution, a feed port 1 and a discharge port 1 are provided on the shell 1, and the feed port 1 and the discharge port 1 are arranged on both sides of the shell 1 along the horizontal direction of the shell 1, and the feed port 1 is arranged above the discharge port 1 in the vertical direction of the shell 1.

[0013] In a typical embodiment, Shell 2 is provided with a second feed port and a discharge channel. These ports are located horizontally on either side of Shell 1, with the second feed port positioned vertically above the discharge channel. The solid heat exchanger also includes a heating tank, with the discharge channel having two discharge ports. Discharge port 2 is connected to the calciner, while discharge port 3 is connected to the heating tank. The heating tank is used to reheat the solids 2 within Shell 2 and transfer the heated solids 2 to the calciner.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the solid heat exchanger further includes a controller electrically connected to feed port 1, discharge port 1, feed port 2, discharge port 2, discharge port 3, telescopic assembly 1, and telescopic assembly 2. The controller is configured to control the opening and closing of feed port 1, discharge port 1, feed port 2, discharge port 2, and discharge port 3, respectively. The controller is configured to independently control the extension or contraction of each telescopic assembly 1. The controller is configured to independently control the extension or contraction of each telescopic assembly 2.

[0015] The present invention also includes a heat exchange method for a solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture, which uses the above-mentioned solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture. The heat exchange method includes the following steps: Loading stage: The controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components 1 and 2 to move upward, so that the two pairs of telescopic components 1 drive the heat exchange plate 1 to move below the feed port 1, and the solid 1 in the calcining furnace is transported to the heat exchange plate 1 through the feed port 1; at the same time, the two pairs of telescopic components 2 move upward to below the feed port 2, and the solid 2 in the carbonization furnace is transported to the discharge plate through the feed port 2; Heat exchange stage: The controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components 1 to move downward to the bottom of heat exchange plate 1 and contact heat exchange plate 2. At the same time, the controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components 2 to move upward to the bottom of heat exchange plate 2. The contact between heat exchange plate 1 and heat exchange plate 2 realizes heat exchange between solid 1 on heat exchange plate 1 and solid 2 on the discharge plate. Discharging stage: After the heat exchange is completed, the controller asynchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components 1, so that the pair of telescopic components 1 near the discharge port 1 remains in its original state, and the other pair of telescopic components 1 moves upward to tilt the heat exchange plate 1 toward the discharge port 1. Under the action of gravity, the solid 1 on the heat exchange plate 1 can be discharged through the discharge port 1; the controller asynchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components 2, so that the pair of telescopic components 2 near the discharge channel remains in its original state, and the other pair of telescopic components 2 moves downward to tilt the discharge plate toward the discharge channel. Under the action of gravity, the solid on the discharge plate can be discharged through the discharge channel. S4, looping steps S1 to S3 until all the solids in the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace have completed heat exchange.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The solid heat exchanger provided by the present invention for calcium cycle carbon capture can directly exchange heat between solids, thereby reducing the heat loss of traditional gas-solid heat exchangers and heat storage heat exchangers and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0017] (2) The solid heat exchanger dedicated to carbon capture by the calcium circulation method provided by the present invention can effectively and rationally utilize the heat between the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace. The high-temperature solid one in the calcining furnace is used to heat the relatively low-temperature solid two in the carbonization furnace, thereby achieving a temperature increase process for the solid two in the carbonization furnace that is about to enter the calcining furnace. As a result, the solid two entering the calcining furnace from the carbonization furnace has a higher initial temperature, so that the calcining furnace does not need to provide a lot of energy to heat the solid two, thereby reducing the energy loss in the calcining furnace. At the same time, the high-temperature solid one in the calcining furnace can be cooled by heat exchange. The cooled solid one will re-enter the carbonization furnace, thereby ensuring that the working temperature in the carbonization furnace can remain stable, thereby improving the efficiency of carbon capture in the carbonization furnace. This setting can not only cool down the high-temperature solid one in the calcining furnace, but also heat the solid two entering the calcining furnace from the carbonization furnace through the heat released by the cooling, thereby realizing the rational utilization of the heat energy between the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace.

[0018] (3) The heat exchange method of the solid heat exchanger for calcium circulation carbon capture provided by the present invention can effectively control the heat exchange process of the solid heat exchanger and realize a continuous heat exchange process for the solids in the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the solid heat exchanger dedicated to carbon capture using the calcium circulation method provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium circulation carbon capture in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 For Example 1 of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle line AA.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat exchange plate 1 and the discharge plate during material unloading in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium circulation carbon capture during heat exchange in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the solid heat exchanger dedicated for carbon capture using the calcium circulation method in Example 2 of the present invention during material discharge (the heat conduction plate is not shown).

[0025] The markings in the figure are: 11, shell one; 111, heat conduction hole one; 112, feed port one; 113, discharge port one; 12, heat exchange plate one; 13, telescopic component one; 21, shell two; 211, heat conduction hole two; 212, feed port two; 213, discharge port two; 214, discharge port three; 22, discharge plate; 23, telescopic component two; 31, heat conduction plate; 4, heat exchange plate two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for directional words, such as the terms "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like, indicating directions and positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] Example 1 In the calcium cycle carbon capture process, the carbonization furnace and calcining furnace in the prior art are both independently heated, and the independent heating method greatly increases the heat consumption in the entire calcium cycle carbon capture process. In order to reduce heat consumption in the prior art, a gas-solid phase heat exchanger or an energy storage heat exchanger is generally selected. Since the above two heat exchangers cannot directly realize heat exchange between two solids, if one of them is used to exchange heat for the solids in the carbonization furnace or the calcining furnace, it will cause a lot of heat loss, resulting in poor heat exchange effect and inability to effectively utilize this heat. This embodiment designs a solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture, which can directly exchange heat with the solids in the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace, effectively reducing heat loss and improving the utilization rate of thermal energy. The structure of the solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture in this embodiment is described in detail below. Figures 1 to 3As shown, the solid heat exchanger includes a heat exchange component 1 and a heat exchange component 2. The heat exchange component 1 is installed above the heat exchange component 2. The heat exchange component 1 and the heat exchange component 2 can have the same structure. The heat exchange component 1 includes a hollow shell 11 and a heat exchange plate 12 installed in the shell 11. The shell 11 can be a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The shell 11 can be connected to a calcining furnace, and the solid 1 regenerated in the calcining furnace can be conveyed to the heat exchange plate 12. The heat exchange plate 12 is installed at the bottom of the shell 11 and can move in the vertical direction of the shell 11. The heat exchange component 2 includes a hollow shell 21 and a discharge plate 22 installed in the shell 21. The shell 21 can be a rectangular parallelepiped structure and the same size as the shell 11. The shell 21 can be connected to a carbonization furnace, and the solid 2 in the carbonization furnace can be conveyed to the discharge plate 22. The discharge plate 22 is installed at the bottom of the second shell 21 and can move along the vertical direction of the second shell 21.

[0029] In actual application, solid 1, which needs to undergo heat exchange, can be placed on heat exchange plate 12, and solid 2, which needs to undergo heat exchange, can be placed on discharge plate 22. Then, heat exchange plate 12 is moved so that its bottom contacts heat exchange plate 2, and discharge plate 22 is moved close to the bottom of heat exchange plate 2. Due to the temperature difference between solid 1 and solid 2, and under the action of heat exchange plate 12 and heat exchange plate 2, direct heat exchange is achieved between solid 1 and solid 2. The solid heat exchanger in this solution can directly exchange heat between solids, reducing the heat loss of traditional gas-solid heat exchangers and heat storage heat exchangers, and improving the heat exchange effect. Moreover, by setting up a solid heat exchanger, the heat between the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace can be effectively and rationally utilized. The high-temperature solid one in the calcining furnace is used to heat the relatively low-temperature solid two in the carbonization furnace, so that the solid two in the carbonization furnace that is about to enter the calcining furnace is heated in advance. As a result, the solid two entering the calcining furnace from the carbonization furnace has a higher initial temperature, so that the calcining furnace does not need to provide a lot of energy to heat the solid two, thereby reducing the energy loss in the calcining furnace. At the same time, the high-temperature solid one in the calcining furnace can be cooled by heat exchange. After cooling, the solid one will re-enter the carbonization furnace, thereby ensuring that the working temperature in the carbonization furnace can remain stable, thereby improving the efficiency of carbon capture in the carbonization furnace. Through this setting, not only can the high-temperature solid one in the calcining furnace be cooled, but the heat released by the cooling can also be used to heat the solid two entering the calcining furnace from the carbonization furnace, thereby realizing the rational utilization of the heat energy between the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace.

[0030] It is understandable that in this embodiment, the cross-section of the heat exchange plate 12 along the vertical direction is a convex structure. The purpose of setting the convex structure is to not interfere with the connection between the telescopic component 13 and the heat exchange plate 12, while also being able to contact the heat exchange plate 2 when the heat exchange plate 12 is at the bottom. This can accelerate the transfer of heat generated by the solid 1 on the heat exchange plate 12 to the solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 through the heat exchange plate 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the solid 1 and the solid 2. In addition, the heat exchange plate 12 in this embodiment can be used as a receiving plate or as a dynamic heat exchange plate. During the loading and unloading stages, it can be used as an ordinary receiving plate. When heat exchange is required, it can also improve the heat exchange efficiency by contacting the stationary heat exchange plate 2 below.

[0031] It is understandable that, in actual application, in order to enhance the heat exchange efficiency, the single heat exchange component 1 and the heat exchange component 2 can be used as a group of heat exchange units, and the heat exchange efficiency of the solids in the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace in the calcium circulation carbon capture device can be increased by using multiple heat exchange units in parallel.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Shell 11 is provided with a feed port 112 and a discharge port 113. The feed port 112 and the discharge port 113 are located on either side of the shell 11 horizontally, with the feed port 112 located above the discharge port in the vertical direction of the shell 11. The feed port 112 is connected to the calcining furnace to facilitate the transfer of solids regenerated from the calcining furnace to the heat exchange plate 12. The discharge port 113 is connected to the carbonization furnace to facilitate the transfer of cooled solids to the carbonization furnace.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The second housing 21 is provided with a second feed port 212 and a discharge channel. The second feed port 212 and the discharge channel are arranged on both sides of the second housing 21 along the horizontal direction of the second housing 21. The second feed port 212 is arranged above the discharge channel in the vertical direction of the second housing 21. The second feed port 212 can be connected to the carbonization furnace to facilitate the solid second after carbon capture in the carbonization furnace to enter the discharge plate 22 through the second feed port 212. The discharge channel can be connected to the calcining furnace to facilitate the heated solid second to enter the calcining furnace.

[0034] During the actual assembly process, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The first discharge port 113 and the second feed port 212 can be located on the same side, and the first feed port 112 and the discharge channel can be located on the same side. The first discharge port 113 and the second feed port 212 are both connected to the carbonization furnace, while the first feed port 112 and the discharge channel are both connected to the calcining furnace. This arrangement simplifies the connection between the carbonization furnace and the solid heat exchanger, and between the calcining furnace and the solid heat exchanger.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 At least two pairs of telescopic assemblies 13 are installed at the bottom of the heat exchange plate 12. The two pairs of telescopic assemblies 13 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the shell 11. The number of each pair of telescopic assemblies 13 can be two, and four telescopic assemblies 13 are distributed at intervals at the bottom of the heat exchange plate 12. One end of each telescopic assembly 13 is fixed to the bottom of the shell 11, and the other end of each telescopic assembly 13 is hingedly connected to the heat exchange plate 12. During heat exchange operation, the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 13 can first drive the heat exchange plate 12 upward to the feed port 112. The high-temperature solid regenerated in the calcining furnace can enter the heat exchange plate 12 through the feed port 112. After loading is completed, the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 13 can drive the heat exchange plate 12 downward to the lowest end. The length of the portion of the heat exchange plate 12 that contacts the heat exchange plate 2 must be such that when the heat exchange plate 12 tilts, the rectangular parallelepiped at the lower end of the heat exchange plate 12 will not contact the two pairs of telescopic components 13, that is, the heat exchange plate 12 can tilt freely.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 At least two pairs of telescopic assemblies 23 are installed at the bottom of the discharge plate 22. The two pairs of telescopic assemblies 23 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the shell 21. The number of each pair of telescopic assemblies 23 can be two, and four telescopic assemblies 23 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the discharge plate 22. One end of each telescopic assembly 23 is fixed to the bottom of the shell 21, and the other end of each telescopic assembly 23 is hingedly connected to the discharge plate 22. When performing heat exchange operation, the discharge plate 22 is first driven by the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 23 to move to the feed port 212, and then the solid 2 in the carbonization furnace is transported to the discharge plate 22 through the feed port 212. After the loading is completed, the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 23 can be moved upward until the upper end is close to the bottom of the heat exchange plate 2. By moving the heat exchange plate 12 to contact the heat exchange plate 2 and the discharge plate 22 to be close to the heat exchange plate 2, and located on both sides of the heat conduction plate 31. The heat of the high-temperature solid 1 on the heat exchange plate 1 12 can be transferred to the solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 through the heat exchange plate 1 12 and the heat exchange plate 2, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the low-temperature solid 2 on the discharge plate 22.

[0037] In addition, when the heat exchange is completed, the telescopic component 13 can discharge the solid on the heat exchange plate 12 through the discharge port 113. Figure 4 , when the solid on the heat exchange plate 12 needs to be discharged through the discharge port 113, open the discharge port 113, and at the same time start a pair of telescopic components 13 away from the discharge port 113. The pair of telescopic components 13 can drive one end of the heat exchange plate 12 to move upward, so that the heat exchange plate 12 is tilted downward, and the bottom of the heat exchange plate 12 is aligned with the discharge port 113. Under the action of gravity, the solid on the heat exchange plate 12 can be discharged through the discharge port 113. It can be understood that baffles can be provided on both sides of the heat exchange plate 12. The baffles are used to prevent the solid on the heat exchange plate 12 from spilling from both sides when the heat exchange plate 12 is tilted and unloaded. Telescopic component 23 can discharge the solid on the discharge plate 22 through the discharge channel. The specific operation is as follows: please refer to Figure 4 When the solids 2 on the discharge plate 22 need to be discharged through the discharge channel, the discharge channel is opened and a pair of telescopic assemblies 23, located away from the discharge channel, are activated. These telescopic assemblies 23 move one end of the discharge plate 22 upward, tilting the plate 22 downward with its bottom aligned with the discharge channel. Under the action of gravity, the solids 2 on the discharge plate 22 can be discharged through the discharge channel. It is understood that the discharge plate 22 can also be equipped with baffles on both sides to prevent the solids 2 on the heat exchange plate 12 from spilling out when the heat exchange plate 1 is tilted to discharge the material.

[0038] It is understandable that telescopic component 13 can be a telescopic hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. Telescopic component 2 23 and telescopic component 1 13 can have the same structure. Heat exchange plate 2 can be heat exchange plate 2. Graphite is an allotrope of carbon that is resistant to high temperatures, resistant to corrosion, and has good thermal conductivity. By selecting heat exchange plate 2 made of graphite, it is possible to effectively exchange heat between the high-temperature solid 1 on heat exchange plate 1 12 and the low-temperature solid 2 on discharge plate 22, thereby improving the heat exchange effect between solid 1 and solid 2. The inner walls of shell 1 11 and shell 2 21 are both coated with an insulating layer. The insulating layer can be an aerosol material. By coating the aerosol material, the isolation effect between shell 1 11 and shell 2 21 and the outside world can be increased, thereby minimizing the heat radiation loss within shell 1 11 and shell 2 21.

[0039] A drive member and a scraper (not shown) can also be installed within the housing 11. The scraper is positioned above the heat exchange plate 12. One end of the drive member is fixedly mounted to the inner wall of the feed port 112 to prevent the drive member and scraper from interfering with the flow of material from the heat exchange plate 12 when the heat exchange plate 12 tilts and discharges material. The other end of the drive member is connected to the scraper. The scraper is positioned above the heat exchange plate 12 and, when stationary, is positioned to the side of the heat exchange plate 12, preventing it from interfering with the vertical movement of the heat exchange plate 12 along the housing 11. When solids are placed on the heat exchange plate 12 and the heat exchange plate 12 moves below the scraper, the scraper, driven by the drive member, can move back and forth horizontally. This ensures that the solids on the heat exchange plate 12 are evenly dispersed, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area of the solids on the discharge plate 22. The scraper is provided with scraping teeth, and the scraper moves back and forth horizontally on the heat exchange plate 12 to turn over the solid on the heat exchange plate 12, thereby accelerating the heat diffusion of the high-temperature solid on the heat exchange plate 12.

[0040] A second drive member and a second scraper (not shown) can also be installed within the second housing 21. The second scraper is positioned above the discharge plate 22. One end of the second drive member is fixed to the inner wall of the second housing 21, where the second discharge port 213 is mounted. This ensures that when the discharge plate 22 tilts, the second drive member and the second scraper do not interfere with the discharge of the material from the discharge plate 22. The other end of the second drive member is connected to the second scraper. When the second scraper is stationary, it is positioned to one side of the discharge plate 22, ensuring that the second scraper and the second drive member do not interfere with the vertical movement of the discharge plate 22 along the second housing 21. When the second scraper has solids placed on the discharge plate 22 and moves below it, the second scraper, driven by the second drive member, can evenly disperse the solids on the discharge plate 22, thereby increasing the heat absorption area of the solids on the discharge plate 22. Scraper 2 is also provided with scraping teeth, which enables the scraper 2 to be driven by the driving member 2 to turn over the solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 during the heat exchange process, thereby accelerating the absorption of heat diffused from the solid 1 on the heat exchange plate 12 by the solid 2, and making the solid 2 at various locations on the discharge plate 22 as evenly heated as possible, thereby accelerating the heat exchange efficiency between solid 1 and solid 2.

[0041] A temperature sensor 1 may be installed in the housing 11 to monitor the temperature in the housing 11 in real time. A temperature sensor 2 may be installed in the housing 2 21 to monitor the temperature in the housing 2 21 in real time.

[0042] The solid heat exchanger also includes a controller and a heating tank. The discharge channel includes a second discharge port 213 and a third discharge port 214. Discharge port 213 is connected to the calciner, while discharge port 3 214 is connected to the heating tank. Discharge port 3 214 and the heating tube are provided so that if the temperature of solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 fails to reach the set temperature within the set heat exchange time or the amount of solid required in the calciner increases, heat exchange can be stopped and solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 can be transferred to the heating tank through discharge port 3 214 for heating. Once the temperature reaches the set value, solid 2 in the heating tank is transferred to the calciner. This configuration effectively improves the operational stability of the entire calcium cycle carbon capture device. The controller can be a PLC controller. The controller is electrically connected to temperature sensor 1, temperature sensor 2, feed port 1 112, discharge port 1 113, feed port 2 212, discharge port 2 213, discharge port 3 214, telescopic assembly 1 13, telescopic assembly 2 23, and a fan. Controller 1 receives temperature data from temperature sensors 1 and 2 and compares the received temperature data with a set threshold. The controller independently controls the opening and closing of feed port 112, discharge port 113, feed port 212, discharge port 213, and discharge port 3 214. The controller also independently controls the extension or contraction of each telescopic assembly 13 to adjust the posture of heat exchange plate 12. The controller also independently controls the extension or contraction of each telescopic assembly 23 to adjust the posture of discharge plate 22. Within the system's preset heat exchange time, when the temperature within housing 11 falls below a set threshold 1, heat exchange ceases, the controller opens discharge port 113, and uses a pair of telescopic assemblies 13 located away from discharge port 113 to move one end of heat exchange plate 12 upward, tilting the heat exchange plate 12 toward discharge port 113, with the bottom of the heat exchange plate 12 aligned with discharge port 113. Under the action of gravity, solids 1 on heat exchange plate 12 can be discharged through discharge port 113. When the rated temperature inside housing 21 falls below a set threshold 2, heat exchange ceases. The controller then opens discharge port 213 on the discharge channel and, via a pair of telescopic assemblies 23 located away from the discharge channel, drives one end of the discharge plate 22 upward, tilting it toward the discharge channel with its bottom aligned with discharge port 213. Under the action of gravity, solids 2 on the discharge plate 22 can be discharged through discharge port 213.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment is another solid heat exchanger for calcium cycle carbon capture obtained by improving a part of the structure of the solid heat exchanger for calcium cycle carbon capture provided in Example 1. For the parts of the solid heat exchanger not described in this embodiment, please refer to the structural design of Example 1. The following is a description of the differences between Example 2 and Example 1. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The vertical cross-section of heat exchange plate 12 is rectangular. The bottom surface of shell 11 is provided with multiple heat conduction holes 111, and the top surface of shell 21 is provided with multiple heat conduction holes 211. Each heat conduction hole 111 is connected to each heat conduction hole 211. A heat conduction plate 31 is installed between heat conduction holes 111 and 211. This plate 31 is used to exchange heat between solid 1 on heat exchange plate 12 and solid 2 on discharge plate 22.

[0044] In actual application, solid 1, which needs to undergo heat exchange, can be placed on heat exchange plate 12, and solid 2, which needs to undergo heat exchange, can be placed on discharge plate 22. Then, heat exchange plate 12 is moved to the side close to heat conduction hole 111, and discharge plate 22 is moved to the side close to heat conduction hole 211. Due to the temperature difference between solid 1 and solid 2, and under the action of heat conduction hole 111, heat conduction hole 211, and heat conduction plate 31, direct heat exchange is achieved between solid 1 and solid 2. The solid heat exchanger in this solution can directly exchange heat between solids, reducing the heat loss of traditional gas-solid phase heat exchangers and heat storage heat exchangers, and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0045] It can be understood that in this embodiment, a fan can also be installed on the upper top surface of the shell 11, and the fan faces the heat exchange plate 12. The fan is used to transfer the heat of the solid 1 located on the heat exchange plate 12 to the solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 through the heat conduction hole 111, the heat conduction plate 31 and the heat conduction hole 211, so as to accelerate the flow rate of air between the shell 11 and the shell 2 21, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange plate 12 and the discharge plate 22.

[0046] Example 3 This embodiment provides a heat exchange method based on the solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture provided in Example 1 or Example 2. The heat exchange method includes the following steps: S1 Loading Stage: The controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components 1 and 2 to move upward, so that the two pairs of telescopic components 1 drive the heat exchange plate 1 to move below the feed port 1, and the solid 1 in the calcining furnace is transported to the heat exchange plate 1 through the feed port 1. At the same time, the two pairs of telescopic components 2 move upward to below the feed port 2, and the solid 2 in the carbonization furnace is transported to the discharge plate through the feed port 2.

[0047] During the S2 heat exchange phase, the controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 13 to move downward to the bottom of heat exchange plate 12 and contact heat exchange plate 2 4. Simultaneously, the controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 23 to move upward to below heat exchange plate 2 4. The contact between heat exchange plates 12 and 2 4 enables heat exchange between solid 1 on heat exchange plate 12 and solid 2 on discharge plate 22.

[0048] S3 Discharge Phase: After heat exchange is complete, the controller asynchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 13, ensuring that the pair of telescopic assemblies 13 near discharge port 113 remains in its original position while the other pair of telescopic assemblies 13 moves upward, tilting the heat exchange plate 12 toward discharge port 113. Under the action of gravity, solids 1 on heat exchange plate 12 are discharged through discharge port 113. The controller asynchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic assemblies 23, ensuring that the pair of telescopic assemblies 23 near the discharge channel remains in its original position while the other pair of telescopic assemblies 23 moves downward, tilting the discharge plate 22 toward the discharge channel. Under the action of gravity, solids on the discharge plate 22 are discharged through discharge port 1.

[0049] S4, looping steps S1 to S3 until all the solids in the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace have completed heat exchange.

[0050] Before heat exchange in step S2, the controller can control the first and second drive members. The first drive member can scrape the solid body 1 through the first scraper so that the solid body 1 is evenly distributed on the heat exchange plate 12. The first drive member can also flip the solid body 1 on the heat exchange plate 12 while scraping, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation of the solid body 1. The second drive member can scrape the solid body 2 through the second scraper so that the solid body 2 is evenly distributed on the discharge plate 22. The second drive member can also flip the solid body 2 while scraping, so that all parts of the solid body 2 can come into contact with the heat diffused from the shell 11, thereby increasing the heating rate of the solid body 2 and achieving sufficient heat exchange between the first and second solid bodies.

[0051] During the heat exchange phase, the temperature inside the housing 1 11 can be monitored in real time by temperature sensor 1, and the temperature inside the housing 2 21 can be monitored in real time by temperature sensor 2. At the same time, the heat exchange time between the housing 1 11 and the housing 2 21 is monitored, and the following judgment is made: (1) Within the heat exchange time set by the system: (1.1) If the temperature inside shell 1 11 is greater than the set threshold value 1 or the temperature inside shell 2 21 is less than the set threshold value 2, the heat exchange operation continues.

[0052] (1.2) If the temperature inside the shell 11 is lower than the set threshold value 1, the heat exchange is stopped, the solid 1 on the heat exchange plate 12 is replaced, and the heat exchange is performed again after the new solid 1 is replaced.

[0053] (1.3) If the temperature inside the shell 21 is greater than the threshold 2 set by the system, the heat exchange is stopped, the solid 2 on the discharge plate 22 is replaced, and the heat exchange is performed again after the new solid 2 is replaced.

[0054] (2) Outside the system-set heat exchange time: If the temperature inside shell 1 11 is greater than threshold 1 and the temperature inside shell 2 21 is less than threshold 2, heat exchange is stopped. Solid 2 inside shell 2 21 is transferred to the heating tank for heating, and new solid 2 is transferred to discharge plate 22. The scraping speeds of scrapers 1 and 2 are adjusted to continue heat exchange until the scraping speeds of scrapers 1 and 2 are sufficient to ensure that solid 1 on heat exchange plate 1 12 and solid 2 on discharge plate 22 can complete heat exchange within the set heat exchange time.

[0055] The heat exchange method of the solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium circulation carbon capture provided by the present invention can effectively control the heat exchange process of the solid heat exchanger, and realize an automated continuous heat exchange process for the solids in the carbonization furnace and the calcining furnace.

[0056] The above describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and description merely illustrate the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture, characterized in that: It includes a heat exchange component 1 and a heat exchange component 2; the heat exchange component 1 includes a hollow shell 1 (11) and a heat exchange plate 1 (12) installed in the shell 1 (11), and the heat exchange plate 1 (12) is used to place a solid 1 that needs heat exchange; the heat exchange component 2 includes a hollow shell 2 (21) and a discharge plate (22) installed in the shell 2 (21), and the discharge plate (22) is used to place a solid 2 that needs heat exchange; the shell 1 (11) is installed on the top surface of the shell 2 (21), and the bottom plate of the shell 1 (11) and the top plate of the shell 2 (21) constitute the heat exchange plate 2 (4); the cross section of the heat exchange plate 1 (12) along the vertical direction is The heat exchange plate 1 (12) is movably mounted on the bottom of the shell 1 (11) along the vertical direction of the shell 1 (11) and moves to the bottom of the heat exchange plate 1 (12) and contacts the heat exchange plate 2 (4) when exchanging heat with the discharge plate (22); the discharge plate (22) is movably mounted on the bottom of the shell 2 (21) along the vertical direction of the shell 2 (21) and moves close to the bottom of the heat exchange plate 2 (4) when exchanging heat with the heat exchange plate 1 (12); the heat exchange plate 2 (4) is used to perform heat exchange between the solid 1 on the heat exchange plate 1 (12) and the solid 2 on the discharge plate (22).

2. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two pairs of telescopic components (13) are installed at the bottom of the heat exchange plate (12), and the two pairs of telescopic components (13) are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the shell (11). One end of each telescopic component (13) is fixed to the bottom of the shell (11), and the other end of each telescopic component (13) is hingedly connected to the bottom of the heat exchange plate (12); the two pairs of telescopic components (13) can synchronously push the heat exchange plate (12) upward; or one pair of telescopic components (13) pushes one side of the heat exchange plate (12) upward, so that the heat exchange plate (12) is arranged tilted.

3. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two pairs of telescopic components (23) are installed at the bottom of the discharge plate (22), and the two pairs of telescopic components (23) are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the shell (21). One end of each telescopic component (23) is fixed to the bottom of the shell (21), and the other end of each telescopic component (23) is hingedly connected to the bottom of the discharge plate (22); the two pairs of telescopic components (23) can synchronously push the discharge plate (22) upward to move upward; or one pair of telescopic components (23) pushes one side of the discharge plate (22) to move upward, so that the discharge plate (22) is arranged tilted.

4. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange plate 2 (4) is a graphite heat exchange plate 2.

5. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving member 1 and a scraper 1 are installed in the shell 1 (11), one end of the driving member 1 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 1 (11), and the other end of the driving member 1 is connected to the scraper 1; the scraper 1 is located above the heat exchange plate 1 (12) and can move back and forth in the horizontal direction of the heat exchange plate 1 (12) under the drive of the driving member 1; And / or, a driving member 2 and a scraper 2 are installed in the shell 2 (21), one end of the driving member 2 is fixed to the side wall of the shell 2 (21), and the other end of the driving member 2 is connected to the scraper 2, and the scraper 2 is installed above the discharge plate (22) and can move back and forth in the horizontal direction of the discharge plate (22) under the drive of the driving member 2.

6. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor 1 is installed in the shell 1 (11), and a temperature sensor 2 is installed in the shell 2 (21). The temperature sensor 1 is used to monitor the temperature in the shell 1 (11) in real time, and the temperature sensor 2 is used to monitor the temperature in the shell 2 (21) in real time.

7. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell (11) is provided with a feed port (112) and a discharge port (113), and the feed port (112) and the discharge port (113) are arranged on both sides of the shell (11) along the horizontal direction of the shell (11), and the feed port (112) is arranged above the discharge port (113) in the vertical direction of the shell (11).

8. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second shell (21) is provided with a second feed port (212) and a discharge channel, the second feed port (212) and the discharge channel are arranged on both sides of the first shell (11) along the horizontal direction of the first shell (11), and the second feed port (212) is arranged above the discharge channel in the vertical direction of the second shell (21); The solid heat exchanger also includes a heating tank, and the discharge channel is provided with a second discharge port (213) and a third discharge port (214). The second discharge port (213) is used to connect to the calcining furnace, and the third discharge port (214) is connected to the heating tank. The heating tank is used to reheat the solid two in the shell two (21) and transport the heated solid two to the calcining furnace.

9. The solid heat exchanger dedicated to calcium cycle carbon capture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The solid heat exchanger further includes a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the feed port 1 (112), the discharge port 1 (113), the feed port 2 (212), the discharge port 2 (213), the discharge port 3 (214), the telescopic component 1 (13) and the telescopic component 2 (23); The controller is used to control the opening and closing of the feed port 1 (112), the discharge port 1 (113), the feed port 2 (212), the discharge port 2 (213) and the discharge port 3 (214) respectively; the controller is used to independently control the extension or shortening of each telescopic component 1 (13); the controller is used to independently control the extension or shortening of each telescopic component 2 (23).

10. A heat exchange method for a solid heat exchanger dedicated to carbon capture using a calcium cycle process, using the solid heat exchanger dedicated to carbon capture using a calcium cycle process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the heat exchange method comprising the following steps: S1 loading stage: the controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components (13) and the two pairs of telescopic components (23) to move upward, so that the two pairs of telescopic components (13) drive the heat exchange plate (12) to move to the bottom of the feed port (112), and the solid (1) in the calcining furnace is transported to the heat exchange plate (12) through the feed port (112); at the same time, the two pairs of telescopic components (23) move upward to the bottom of the feed port (212), and the solid (2) in the carbonization furnace is transported to the discharge plate (22) through the feed port (212); S2 heat exchange stage: the controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components (13) to move downward to the bottom of the heat exchange plate (12) and contact the heat exchange plate (4); at the same time, the controller synchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components (23) to move upward to the bottom of the heat exchange plate (4); the heat exchange between the solid (1) on the heat exchange plate (12) and the solid (2) on the discharge plate (22) is achieved through the contact between the heat exchange plate (12) and the heat exchange plate (4); S3 unloading stage: after the heat exchange is completed, the controller asynchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components (13) so that the pair of telescopic components (13) close to the discharge port (113) maintains its original state, and the other pair of telescopic components (13) moves upward so that the heat exchange plate (12) is tilted toward the discharge port (113). Under the action of gravity, the solid (1) on the heat exchange plate (12) is discharged through the discharge port (113); the controller asynchronously controls the two pairs of telescopic components (23) so that the pair of telescopic components (23) close to the discharge channel maintains its original state, and the other pair of telescopic components (23) moves downward so that the discharge plate (22) is tilted toward the discharge channel. Under the action of gravity, the solid (2) on the discharge plate (22) is discharged through the discharge channel; S4, looping steps S1 to S3 until the solid 2 in the carbonization furnace and the solid 1 in the calcining furnace have completed heat exchange.

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