Spatial non-resonant node resonator, filter and radio frequency communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a spatial non-resonant node resonator, a filter and radio frequency communication equipment. A periodic capacitive or inductive device is loaded with a resonator to form a capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit or an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit; the capacitance or inductance type spatial non-resonant node units are arranged and combined, and the spatial filter is formed by mixing the same or two kinds of spatial non-resonant node units. The antenna has the characteristics of controllable transmission zero point, low profile and high out-of-band rejection, and is wide in application occasion and large in coverage area; moreover, the spatial filter is simple in structure, does not occupy the size of an antenna additionally, and also can use a PCB processing technology, so that the design cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication technology, and in particular to a spatial non-resonant node resonator, a filter and radio frequency communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the 5G era, modern wireless communication systems are rapidly developing, and the number of frequency bands required for mobile communications is increasing. However, the space available for communication equipment in communication systems is limited, requiring many devices operating in different frequency bands to share a limited space. Antennas, as radiators for wireless communication, must also meet these requirements. However, when antennas of different frequency bands coexist in a small space, mutual coupling between antennas inevitably leads to increased correlation between antennas of different frequency bands, resulting in degraded antenna performance and, in turn, impacting system communication quality.

[0003] To further illustrate the above problem, let's take a multi-band base station as an example. With the advancement of wireless communication technology, base stations need to be compatible with multiple wireless frequency bands, such as 3G, 4G, and 5G. However, due to limited antenna space, base station antennas need to be smaller to facilitate installation on towers. This results in the need to integrate a large number of antennas operating at different frequency bands within a limited space, resulting in strong mutual coupling between antennas and deteriorating wireless communication quality.

[0004] To integrate antennas covering more frequency bands within a smaller footprint, antennas of different frequency bands can be stacked together, separated by a low-profile spatial filter. This filter transmits the radiated signal from the lower antenna while suppressing and reflecting the radiated signal from the upper antenna. This not only improves isolation between antennas and reduces mutual coupling, but also reduces the need for reflectors on the upper antenna, enabling the integration of multi-band antennas in a compact footprint. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a spatial non-resonant node resonator.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a filter, specifically a spatial bandpass filter.

[0007] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a radio frequency communication device.

[0008] The present invention overcomes the defects of the prior art in that the spatial filter transmission zero point is difficult to control, the cross-section is high, and the equivalent circuit structure is complex. It is suitable for application scenarios where multi-frequency antennas of stacked structures coexist. It can not only provide out-of-band suppression for the antenna below the stacked structure and reduce the mutual coupling between the upper and lower antennas, but also reflect the radiation energy of the upper antenna, saving reflective metal plates.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A spatial non-resonant node resonator is composed of periodic capacitive or inductive devices loaded with resonators to form capacitive spatial non-resonant node units or inductive spatial non-resonant node units; the capacitive or inductive spatial non-resonant node units are arranged and combined to form a spatial filter by mixing the same or two spatial non-resonant node units.

[0011] Furthermore, the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit includes an open transmission line, a dielectric substrate and a capacitive ring resonator. The open transmission line is arranged on the top layer of the dielectric substrate, and the capacitive ring resonator is arranged on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate. The open transmission line excites the capacitive ring resonator by radiating a magnetic field into space, which is circuit-equivalent to a parallel capacitor through electromagnetic mutual coupling and excitation of the parallel resonator, thereby forming a capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the open transmission line is composed of two mutually perpendicular and intersecting open metal strip lines, and the open transmission line is excited by two mutually perpendicular polarization electric fields to achieve dual polarization characteristics.

[0013] Furthermore, when the length of the open transmission line is less than 1 / 4 wavelength, it is equivalent to a parallel capacitor on a transmission path;

[0014] When the circumference of the capacitive ring resonator is equal to 1 / 2 wavelength, the capacitive ring resonator is excited by the magnetic field generated by the transmission line, generating circular currents in opposite directions, which cancel each other's radiation and reduce the electromagnetic wave energy radiated outward by the resonator. The wavelength refers to the wavelength in a vacuum at the center frequency of the operating frequency.

[0015] Furthermore, the inductive spatial non-resonant node unit includes a short-circuited transmission line, a dielectric substrate, and an inductive ring resonator. The short-circuited transmission line and the ring resonator are respectively located on the top and bottom layers of the dielectric substrate. The short-circuited transmission line excites the ring resonator by radiating a magnetic field into space, which is circuit-equivalent to a parallel inductor exciting the parallel resonator through magnetic coupling, thereby forming an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the short-circuit transmission line is composed of two short-circuit metal strips that are perpendicular to each other and cross each other.

[0017] Furthermore, the periodic inductive spatial non-resonant node unit and the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit generate a transmission zero point and a resonant frequency in space. The transmission zero point frequency of the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit is less than the resonant frequency, and the transmission zero point frequency of the inductive spatial non-resonant node unit is greater than the resonant frequency.

[0018] A spatial filter comprises a plurality of the aforementioned spatial non-resonant node resonators, wherein the spatial non-resonant node resonators are coupled to each other in a stacked structure to form a multi-order spatial filter network.

[0019] Furthermore, adjacent resonators are spaced apart by air dielectric.

[0020] A radio frequency communication device comprises the spatial filter.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] The antenna of the present invention can arbitrarily modulate the relationship between the transmission zero point and the resonant frequency by designing capacitive and inductive spatial non-resonant node resonator units; the non-resonant node resonant unit can form a multi-order filtering network with itself or other resonators;

[0023] The antenna of the present invention has the characteristics of controllable transmission zero point, low profile and high out-of-band suppression, and has a wide range of applications and a large coverage area;

[0024] The spatial filter of the present invention has a simple structure. In addition to not occupying additional antenna volume, it can also use PCB processing technology to reduce design costs. Therefore, compared with the current bandpass filter design scheme, it is more conducive to the low cost and integration of devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a specific implementation structure of the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit within one cycle of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a filter response curve diagram of the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is the inductive spatial non-resonant node unit structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a specific implementation structure of a unit within one period of the periodic inductive spatial non-resonant node unit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of the inductive spatial non-resonant node unit of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 4 is a filter response curve diagram of the inductive spatial non-resonant node unit of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a specific implementation structure diagram of the periodic hybrid spatial second-order non-resonant node filter of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a specific implementation structure diagram of the hybrid spatial second-order non-resonant node filter unit of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the hybrid spatial second-order non-resonant node filter of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 12 4 is a filter response curve diagram of the hybrid spatial second-order non-resonant node filter of the present invention.

[0038] The figure shows:

[0039] 1-intersection, 2-open transmission line, 3-first dielectric substrate, 4-capacitive ring resonator, 5-periodic boundary; 6-short-circuit transmission line, 7-second dielectric substrate, 8-inductive ring resonator, 9-air medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A spatial non-resonant node resonator is composed of periodic capacitive or inductive devices loaded with resonators to form capacitive spatial non-resonant node units or inductive spatial non-resonant node units; the capacitive or inductive spatial non-resonant node units are arranged and combined to form a spatial filter by the same type or a mixture of two types.

[0043] like Figures 1-4As shown, a capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit includes an open transmission line 2, a first dielectric substrate 3 and a capacitive ring resonator 4. The open transmission line is arranged on the top layer of the first dielectric substrate 3, and the capacitive ring resonator is arranged on the bottom layer of the first dielectric substrate. The capacitive ring resonator is composed of a periodic metal ring. The open transmission line excites the capacitive ring resonator 4 by radiating a magnetic field into space, which is equivalent to a parallel capacitor in the circuit through electromagnetic mutual coupling and excitation of the parallel resonator, forming a capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit.

[0044] Furthermore, the first dielectric substrate 3 is a PCB substrate.

[0045] Furthermore, the open transmission line is composed of two mutually perpendicular and intersecting metal strips, the two metal strips intersecting to form an intersection 1, the metal strips are attached to the top layer of the first dielectric substrate 3, and do not contact the periodic boundary 5 within a periodic unit, forming an open structure, and capacitive ring resonators are set in the four quadrants of the two perpendicularly intersecting metal strips.

[0046] Furthermore, the length of the two open metal strip lines that cross each other perpendicularly is less than λg / 4 (λg is the waveguide wavelength), and can be excited by electromagnetic waves in two polarization directions that are perpendicular to each other and along the metal strip lines in space; when the metal strip lines are excited by the waves in space, they are equivalent to a parallel capacitor on a transmission path.

[0047] Furthermore, the circumference of the capacitive ring resonator in the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit is equal to λg / 2. When excited by a parallel electric field, it is impossible to form an effective resonant circuit and generate a resonant frequency. Only when the capacitive ring resonator is excited by a magnetic field perpendicular to the ring plane, it is equivalent to a parallel resonant circuit in the circuit, and reverse (simultaneously anti-phase) currents are generated on each side of the resonator, thereby reducing the radiation of the ring resonator and enhancing the storage of electromagnetic energy.

[0048] The mutually perpendicular open transmission lines excite the capacitive ring resonator by radiating magnetic field into space, which is equivalent to the parallel capacitors exciting the parallel resonator through magnetic coupling in the circuit, and together form Figure 2 The capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit shown can generate resonance and transmission zero point simultaneously, and the transmission zero point frequency is lower than the resonance frequency.

[0049] like Figure 5-Figure 8As shown, an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit includes a short-circuit transmission line 6, a second dielectric substrate 7, and an inductive ring resonator 8. The short-circuit transmission line is arranged on the top layer of the second dielectric substrate 7, and the inductive ring resonator is arranged on the bottom layer of the second dielectric substrate. The inductive ring resonator is composed of periodic metal rings. The short-circuit transmission line 6 excites the ring resonator by radiating a magnetic field into space, which is equivalent to a parallel inductor exciting the parallel resonator through magnetic coupling in the circuit, forming an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit.

[0050] Furthermore, the short-circuit transmission line 6 is composed of short-circuit metal strips that cross each other perpendicularly, and the length of the metal strips is less than λg / 4 (λg is the waveguide wavelength), and can be excited by electromagnetic waves in two polarization directions that are perpendicular to each other and along the metal strips in space; when the metal strips are excited by the waves from space, they are equivalent to a parallel inductor on a transmission path.

[0051] Furthermore, the circumference of the inductive ring resonator is equal to λg / 2, and when it is excited by a parallel magnetic field, it cannot form an effective resonant circuit; only when the inductive ring resonator is excited by a magnetic field perpendicular to the ring plane, it is equivalent to a parallel resonant circuit in the circuit, and reverse (simultaneously anti-phase) currents are generated on each side of the resonator, thereby reducing the radiation of the ring resonator and enhancing electromagnetic energy storage.

[0052] Furthermore, the short-circuited transmission lines that cross each other perpendicularly excite the ring resonator by radiating magnetic field into space, which is equivalent to the parallel inductance exciting the parallel resonator through magnetic coupling in the circuit, and together form Figure 4 The inductive spatial non-resonant node filter unit shown can generate resonance and transmission zero point simultaneously, and the transmission zero point frequency is greater than the resonance frequency.

[0053] In this embodiment Figure 4 It is shown that a capacitive non-resonant node can generate a resonance and a radiation zero point, and the radiation zero point frequency is less than the resonance frequency; Figure 8 On the contrary, the radiation zero frequency is greater than the resonant frequency.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A spatial filter comprises at least two spatial non-resonant node resonators which are periodically extended to form a spatial bandpass filter.

[0056] Furthermore, the spatial filter may be of a capacitor type or an inductor type, or may be a mixture of capacitor and inductor types.

[0057] The spatial non-resonant node resonant units can be stacked to form a multi-order resonant network to achieve multi-order filtering response; on this basis, periodic extension is performed to form a spatial filter.

[0058] like Figure 9 As shown, a spatial filter is composed of a spatial non-resonant node resonator, and the resonator is composed of a mixture of a capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit and an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit. The two resonator units are electromagnetically coupled through an air medium 9 to form a second-order filter network, which can realize a second-order filtering response in space.

[0059] like Figure 10-12 Figure 2 shows the simulation results of the hybrid spatial non-resonant node filter provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the spatial filter achieves a second-order filtering response. Within the passband, impedance matching is excellent, with an impedance bandwidth of 5.0-5.5 GHz and return loss below -8 dB. Outside the passband, two transmission zeros are generated on either side of the spatial filter's passband, significantly improving out-of-band suppression on both sides of the passband. Therefore, this embodiment achieves excellent filtering performance at a relatively low spatial filter profile.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A radio frequency communication device includes the spatial filter described in Example 2.

[0062] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial non-resonant node resonator, characterized in that A capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit or an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit is formed by loading a resonator with a periodic capacitive or inductive device; the capacitive or inductive spatial non-resonant node units are arranged and combined to form a spatial filter by mixing the same or two spatial non-resonant node units.

2. The spatial non-resonant node resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that The capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit includes an open transmission line, a dielectric substrate and a capacitive ring resonator. The open transmission line is arranged on the top layer of the dielectric substrate, and the capacitive ring resonator is arranged on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate. The open transmission line excites the capacitive ring resonator by radiating a magnetic field into space, which is equivalent to a parallel capacitor through electromagnetic mutual coupling and excitation of the parallel resonator in the circuit, forming a capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit.

3. The spatial non-resonant node resonator according to claim 2, characterized in that The open transmission line is composed of two mutually perpendicular and mutually crossed open metal strip lines. The open transmission line is excited by two mutually perpendicular polarization electric fields to achieve dual polarization characteristics.

4. The spatial non-resonant node resonator according to claim 2, characterized in that When the length of the open transmission line is less than 1 / 4 wavelength, it is equivalent to a parallel capacitor on a transmission path; When the circumference of the capacitive ring resonator is equal to 1 / 2 wavelength, the capacitive ring resonator is excited by the magnetic field generated by the transmission line, generating circular currents in opposite directions, which cancel each other's radiation and reduce the electromagnetic wave energy radiated outward by the resonator. The wavelength refers to the wavelength in a vacuum at the center frequency of the operating frequency.

5. The spatial non-resonant node resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that The inductive spatial non-resonant node unit includes a short-circuit transmission line, a dielectric substrate and an inductive ring resonator. The short-circuit transmission line and the ring resonator are respectively located on the top and bottom layers of the dielectric substrate. The short-circuit transmission line excites the ring resonator by radiating a magnetic field into space, which is circuit-equivalent to a parallel inductor exciting the parallel resonator through magnetic coupling, thereby forming an inductive spatial non-resonant node unit.

6. The spatial non-resonant node resonator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The short-circuit transmission line is composed of two short-circuit metal strips that are perpendicular to each other and cross each other.

7. The spatial non-resonant node resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periodic inductive spatial non-resonant node unit and the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit generate a transmission zero point and a resonant frequency in space. The transmission zero point frequency of the capacitive spatial non-resonant node unit is less than the resonant frequency, and the transmission zero point frequency of the inductive spatial non-resonant node unit is greater than the resonant frequency.

8. A spatial filter, characterized in that The method comprises a plurality of spatial non-resonant node resonators according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spatial non-resonant node resonators are coupled to each other in a stacked structure to form a multi-order spatial filter network.

9. The spatial filter according to claim 8, characterized in that Adjacent resonators are separated by air dielectric.

10. A radio frequency communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises the spatial filter according to any one of claims 8 to 9.

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