Disassembling method and disassembling device for energy storage battery cell

Abstract

The invention provides a disassembling method and a disassembling device for an energy storage battery cell, and relates to the technical field of battery cells. The disassembling method of the energy storage battery cell comprises the following steps: nicking a shell according to a preset depth so as to form a nick on the surface of the shell; wherein the preset depth is smaller than the shell wall thickness of the shell; a cooling medium is sprayed to the nicks so that the temperature of the nicks can be reduced to the preset temperature; injecting impact gas to the nicks cooled to the preset temperature according to preset injection pressure so as to enable the shell to crack along the nicks; wherein the preset injection pressure is larger than or equal to 2 MPa and smaller than or equal to 6 MPa; the impact gas is one or more of compressed air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon and helium. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem that a battery cell shell disassembling method in the prior art is easy to damage the battery cell can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery cells, and in particular to a method and device for disassembling an energy storage battery cell. Background Art

[0002] Currently, during the battery manufacturing and evaluation process, in order to check the internal status of the battery cell, such as the degree of electrolyte dryness, electrode integrity or battery cell moisture content, it is often necessary to disassemble the battery cell casing.

[0003] However, existing technologies rely primarily on physical cutting and manual labor to disassemble battery cell casings, a practice with significant drawbacks and limitations. Traditionally, battery cell disassembly often involves cutting the aluminum casing with a knife. This method not only requires high operator proficiency but can also easily cause irreversible damage to the electrode sheets, diaphragms, tabs, and other fragile components within the cell, hindering performance evaluation of the cell's internal structure after the casing is removed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for disassembling an energy storage battery cell, so as to solve the problem that the battery cell shell disassembly method in the prior art is prone to damage to the battery cell.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for disassembling an energy storage cell is provided, which is used to disassemble the shell of the energy storage cell. The method for disassembling the energy storage cell comprises:

[0006] Performing a scoring process on the shell according to a predetermined depth to form a score on the surface of the shell; wherein the predetermined depth is less than the thickness of the shell wall;

[0007] Spraying cooling medium onto the notch to reduce the temperature of the notch to a preset temperature;

[0008] An impact gas is sprayed at a preset injection pressure toward the score that has been cooled to a preset temperature, so that the shell cracks along the score; wherein the preset injection pressure is greater than or equal to 2 MPa and less than or equal to 6 MPa; the impact gas is one or more of compressed air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, and helium.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling medium is one or more of liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium, neon, methane, nitrous oxide, propane and oxygen; and / or,

[0010] The preset temperature is less than or equal to -30°C; and / or,

[0011] After the temperature of the notch is lowered to a preset temperature, the disassembly method further includes: maintaining the temperature of the notch at a preset temperature for a preset time; and / or,

[0012] The step of spraying the cooling medium onto the notch includes: continuously spraying the cooling medium onto the notch within a predetermined spraying time; wherein the predetermined spraying time is greater than or equal to 5 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for disassembling the energy storage battery cell includes spraying a cooling medium toward the notch through a nozzle; before spraying the cooling medium toward the notch, the method for disassembling the energy storage battery cell further includes:

[0014] The injection pressure of the nozzle is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.5 MPa; and / or,

[0015] The minimum distance between the injection port of the nozzle and the notch is set to a preset injection distance, and the preset injection distance is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the disassembly method of the energy storage cell includes spraying a cooling medium toward the notch through a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is located on one side of the housing and faces the notch; spraying the cooling medium toward the notch includes:

[0017] Move the nozzle along the extending direction of the score to continuously spray the cooling medium toward the score during the movement; or

[0018] There are multiple nozzles, which are spaced apart along the extending direction of the score, so that the cooling medium can be sprayed toward the score simultaneously through the multiple nozzles.

[0019] Furthermore, spraying impact gas at a preset spray pressure toward the notch that has been cooled to a preset temperature comprises:

[0020] During a predetermined impact duration, continuously spraying impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch, the predetermined impact duration being greater than or equal to 0.1s and less than or equal to 0.5s; or

[0021] The impact gas is intermittently sprayed at a preset spray pressure toward the score that has been cooled to a preset temperature.

[0022] Furthermore, the disassembly method of the energy storage cell comprises spraying impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch that has dropped to a preset temperature through a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is located on one side of the housing and faces the notch; spraying impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch that has dropped to a preset temperature comprises:

[0023] A plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals along an extending direction of the score so as to simultaneously spray impact gas toward the score through the plurality of nozzles.

[0024] Furthermore, the method for disassembling the energy storage battery cell includes using a tool to score the outer shell according to a predetermined depth; the scoring process includes:

[0025] The cutter is moved along a predetermined scoring path on the surface of the housing and cuts according to a predetermined depth; wherein the predetermined scoring path is arranged around the housing and is located on a side of the housing close to the top cover; or,

[0026] The cutting end of the tool is brought into contact with the housing, and the housing is rotated along a predetermined axis.

[0027] Further, the predetermined depth is greater than or equal to 50 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm; and / or,

[0028] Along the extending direction of the score, the width of the score is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, a disassembly device for an energy storage cell is provided, which is used to disassemble the outer shell of the energy storage cell. The disassembly device for the energy storage cell includes:

[0030] A fixing structure having a bearing portion for placing the housing;

[0031] a notch structure, disposed on one side of the fixed structure, for notching the shell according to a predetermined depth to form notches on the surface of the shell;

[0032] The cold extraction jig is arranged on one side of the fixed structure. A nozzle for spraying gas is provided on the cold extraction jig. The nozzle faces the shell. The nozzle is used to selectively connect with a cooling medium source and an impact gas source. When the nozzle is connected with the cooling medium source, the cooling medium is sprayed toward the notch to reduce the temperature at the notch to a preset temperature. When the nozzle is connected with the impact gas source, the impact gas is sprayed toward the notch that has dropped to the preset temperature at a preset injection pressure to cause the shell to crack along the notch.

[0033] Furthermore, the scoring structure includes a cutter and a support assembly, the support assembly is arranged on one side of the fixed structure, the cutter is arranged on the support assembly, and the cutting end of the cutter is used to score the shell; wherein:

[0034] The support assembly is movably arranged to drive the tool to move along a predetermined scoring path; or,

[0035] The scoring structure also includes an elastic member, through which the tool is connected to the support assembly, and the cutting end of the tool is used to abut against the shell; the bearing portion is rotatably arranged to allow the shell to rotate along a predetermined axis.

[0036] Furthermore, the position of the cold brew jig is adjustable so as to move to a spraying position in which the nozzle faces the housing or a avoiding position in which the cold brew jig and the housing avoid each other; the cold brew jig is an annular structure, and has an inner side surface and an outer side surface that are oppositely arranged, and the nozzle is arranged on the inner side surface; when the cold brew jig is in the spraying position, the cold brew jig is sleeved on the housing; and / or,

[0037] The diameter of the ejection port of the nozzle is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, the disassembly device for the energy storage cell further includes:

[0039] a first gas storage member, the first gas storage member having a first storage chamber for storing a cooling medium, the first storage chamber being selectively connected to the nozzle; and / or,

[0040] The second gas storage member has a second storage chamber for storing impact gas, and the second storage chamber is selectively communicated with the nozzle.

[0041] Furthermore, the disassembly device for the energy storage cell further includes:

[0042] a first driving structure, wherein a driving end of the first driving structure is drivingly connected to the fixed structure to drive the fixed structure to move to a jetting position where the shell placed on the supporting portion is opposite to the cold brew jig or to a scoring position where the shell placed on the supporting portion is in contact with the cutting portion of the scoring structure; and / or,

[0043] The device body has an operating space, and the fixed structure, the scoring structure and the cold brew jig are all arranged in the operating space; a first limiting part is provided on the device body, and a second limiting part is provided on the fixed structure. The first limiting part and the second limiting part are limited and cooperated, and one of the first limiting part and the second limiting part is extended along a preset direction.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present application are: it can achieve efficient and accurate disassembly of the battery cell shell. By precisely controlling the predetermined depth of the score, ensuring that the depth is less than the shell wall thickness of the battery cell shell, this fine control avoids damage to the internal structure caused by the score being too deep, and also avoids the situation where the score is too shallow to cause cracking. Compared with the method in the prior art of first cutting a slit in the shell with pliers and then tearing the battery cell shell along the slit, this method improves the accuracy and safety of disassembly. Because the predetermined depth is less than the shell wall thickness of the shell, the scoring tool will not contact the internal structure of the battery cell, thereby avoiding irreversible damage to the internal structure of the battery cell and the packaging material, and ensuring the subsequent continued use of the internal structure of the battery cell. Secondly, the cooling medium is sprayed to reduce the temperature at the score to a preset temperature. By finely adjusting to a suitable low temperature, it can effectively induce embrittlement of the shell material in a low temperature environment without excessively lowering the temperature and causing changes in the physical or chemical properties of the material. Compared with directly using extreme low temperatures, this method is gentler and more accurate, reducing the additional damage caused by excessively low temperatures. Furthermore, by injecting impact gas rather than using manual tools, the cell casing is cracked contactlessly, significantly reducing the risk of direct contact for operators and avoiding the risk of cutting injuries and electric shocks caused by knives or pliers. This also reduces accidental damage to the cell's internal structure, improving the safety factor of the entire disassembly process. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention can address the problem of cell casing disassembly methods in the prior art that can easily damage the cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the steps of a method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a disassembly device for an energy storage cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a disassembly device for an energy storage cell provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown in another perspective;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a cold extraction jig for disassembling an energy storage cell provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 5A schematic diagram shows the positional relationship of a cold extraction jig of a disassembly device for energy storage cells provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention relative to the cell during a spraying operation.

[0051] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0052] 1. Fixed structure; 11. Load-bearing part; 111. Clamping part; 12. First driving structure; 121. Cylinder; 122. First limiting part; 2. Notch structure; 21. Cutting tool; 22. Support assembly; 3. Cold extraction fixture; 31. Second driving structure; 4. Device body; 5. Operating part; 6. Battery cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a method for disassembling an energy storage cell, which is used to disassemble the shell of the energy storage cell. The disassembly method includes: scoring the shell to a predetermined depth to form a score on the surface of the shell; wherein the predetermined depth is less than the shell wall thickness of the shell; spraying a cooling medium into the score to reduce the temperature of the score to a preset temperature; spraying an impact gas at a preset injection pressure into the score that has dropped to the preset temperature to cause the shell to crack along the score; wherein the preset injection pressure is greater than or equal to 2 MPa and less than or equal to 6 MPa; and the impact gas is one or more of compressed air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, and helium.

[0055] The energy storage cell disassembly method provided by one embodiment of the present invention enables efficient and accurate disassembly of the outer shell of the cell 6. By precisely controlling the predetermined depth of the score, ensuring that the depth is less than the shell wall thickness of the cell 6, this meticulous control avoids damage to the internal structure caused by excessively deep scores, while also avoiding situations where scores that are too shallow to cause cracking. Compared to the prior art method of first cutting a slit in the outer shell with pliers and then tearing the outer shell of the cell 6 along the slit, this method improves the accuracy and safety of disassembly. Because the predetermined depth is less than the shell wall thickness, the scoring tool does not contact the internal structure of the cell 6, thereby avoiding irreversible damage to the internal structure of the cell 6 and the packaging material, ensuring the subsequent use of the internal structure of the cell 6. Secondly, a cooling medium is sprayed to reduce the temperature at the score to a preset temperature. By finely adjusting to an appropriate low temperature, it can effectively induce embrittlement of the outer shell material in a low-temperature environment without excessively lowering the temperature and causing changes in the physical or chemical properties of the material. Compared to directly using extreme low temperatures, this method is gentler and more precise, reducing the additional damage caused by excessively low temperatures. Furthermore, by injecting impact gas rather than using manual tools, the outer shell of the battery cell 6 is cracked contactlessly, significantly reducing the risk of direct contact for operators and avoiding potential cutting injuries and electric shocks caused by knives or pliers. This also reduces accidental damage to the internal structure of the battery cell 6, improving the safety factor of the entire disassembly process. The preset injection pressure is between 2 MPa and 6 MPa, ensuring sufficient force to initiate cracking of the outer shell along the predetermined score while avoiding impact damage to the electrode sheets within the battery cell 6 caused by excessive pressure. In contrast, the existing method of using pliers to first create a slit in the outer shell and then tearing the outer shell of the battery cell 6 along the slit cannot prevent internal structural deflection or minor damage. Furthermore, the impact gas used is one or more of compressed air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, and helium. These gases are all inert or non-reactive, effectively isolating oxygen during the disassembly process, preventing electrolyte decomposition or electrode oxidation caused by frictional heat during shell cracking, thereby protecting the physical and chemical properties of the internal materials of the battery cell 6. Therefore, the method for disassembling an energy storage battery cell provided in this embodiment can solve the problem that the method for disassembling a battery cell shell in the prior art easily causes damage to the battery cell.

[0056] It should be further emphasized that spraying the cooling medium only on the notch can accurately reduce the temperature of the area to a preset temperature. This process causes materials, such as the aluminum alloy material commonly used in the battery cell 6 shell, to become brittle at low temperatures, reducing the toughness of the material, making it easier to crack along the notch under the action of external force. In contrast, the cooling methods in the prior art, such as overall immersion or non-positioned cooling, cannot accurately control the temperature of specific parts, resulting in uneven cooling of the entire battery cell 6 shell, affecting the consistency and controllability of the disassembly. In addition, the local temperature reduction at the notch can also avoid excessive reduction in the overall temperature of the battery cell 6, reduce the physical property changes of the internal materials of the battery cell 6 (such as electrolyte, electrode) that may be caused by excessively low temperatures, such as freezing of the electrolyte or shrinkage and deformation of the electrode material, thereby protecting the integrity of the internal structure of the battery cell 6 and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent detection or analysis.

[0057] Specifically, the cooling medium is one or more of liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium, neon, methane, nitrous oxide, propane and oxygen. With such a setting, the most suitable cooling medium can be flexibly adjusted for different types of battery cell 6 shell materials or different production conditions. For example, liquid nitrogen is particularly suitable as a coolant because of its extremely low boiling point (-196°C), which can quickly cool the material to a brittle temperature. Gases such as carbon dioxide and propane can also provide effective cooling under certain conditions, and may be more environmentally friendly or economical in certain application scenarios. Unlike the use of a single medium, the choice of multiple media greatly enhances the applicability and flexibility of the method.

[0058] Specifically, the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -196°C or less. The ultra-low temperature properties of liquid nitrogen accelerate the embrittlement of the cell 6 casing material, particularly for temperature-sensitive materials like aluminum alloy, achieving the desired embrittlement state in a very short period of time. Compared to physical disassembly at room temperature or the use of other coolants, liquid nitrogen cooling cools the material faster and deeper, ensuring efficient and safe cracking without damaging the internal structure.

[0059] In one embodiment, the cooling medium is a liquid. Specifically, the cooling medium is a mist-like liquid. This arrangement, employing a mist-like liquid, increases the contact area between the cooling medium and the surface of the battery cell 6 housing, improving cooling efficiency while reducing liquid usage and lowering costs. Furthermore, the mist-like liquid more evenly covers the notches, avoiding localized overcooling or uneven cooling. Compared to single jet or immersion cooling, atomized cooling provides improved temperature uniformity and control accuracy.

[0060] Specifically, the preset temperature is less than or equal to -30°C. This preset temperature setting ensures that the outer shell material of the battery cell 6 reaches the desired embrittlement state without excessively lowering the temperature, causing the physical properties of the material to exceed the normal range. This not only improves disassembly efficiency, but also maximizes protection of sensitive components within the battery cell 6, avoiding damage to the internal structure caused by excessively low temperature.

[0061] In one embodiment, after the temperature at the notch is lowered to a preset temperature, the disassembly method further includes maintaining the temperature at the notch at a preset temperature for a preset period of time. This arrangement ensures the time required for the notch to reach an ideal brittle state, ensuring uniform brittleness of the material, thereby improving the consistency and reliability of the cracking process. This temperature maintenance strategy avoids an excessively rapid rise in the temperature at the notch, enhances the low-temperature brittleness effect, and ensures the controllability of the disassembly process. Without this feature, once the cooling medium is stopped, the temperature at the notch may rise rapidly, reducing the degree of brittleness of the material and thus affecting the efficiency and consistency of the cracking.

[0062] Specifically, the temperature at the notch is maintained at a preset temperature for a preset time period greater than or equal to 2 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds. This ensures the stability of the brittle state of the material and achieves a better cracking effect compared to attempting cracking immediately after cooling.

[0063] In one embodiment, the method of spraying a cooling medium onto the notch includes: continuously spraying the cooling medium onto the notch within a predetermined spraying time; wherein the predetermined spraying time is greater than or equal to 5s and less than or equal to 10s. With such a setting, it is possible to ensure that the temperature at the notch drops to a preset low temperature within a sufficient time, thereby promoting the embrittlement of the material. Compared with instantaneous spraying or technologies without time control, the continuous spraying strategy achieves a more stable temperature drop process, ensuring the embrittlement state required for cracking. This step is of great significance for improving the success rate of cracking, reducing electrode damage, and ensuring the accuracy of detection. Otherwise, the cooling process is not thorough enough, which may cause some areas to fail to fully embrittle, affecting the subsequent cracking effect.

[0064] In one embodiment, the method of spraying a cooling medium into the notch includes: continuously spraying the cooling medium into the notch for a predetermined spraying duration to reduce the temperature of the notch to a preset temperature, and maintaining the temperature of the notch at the preset temperature for the predetermined time; wherein the predetermined spraying duration is greater than or equal to 5 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds. With this arrangement, continuously spraying the cooling medium for a predetermined time can effectively reduce the temperature of the notch to the desired embrittlement temperature. At the same time, the temperature maintenance mechanism ensures the stability of the embrittlement effect, thereby improving the consistency and success rate of cracking. The combination of the predetermined spraying duration and the temperature maintenance duration can precisely control the temperature drop and maintenance rate, avoiding potential damage to the internal structure of the battery cell 6 due to a sudden drop or rise in temperature, and protecting the integrity of the electrode. Furthermore, by limiting the duration of spraying and temperature maintenance, overcooling is avoided, cooling medium consumption is reduced, and cost control and environmental protection goals are achieved.

[0065] Specifically, the outer shell of the battery cell 6 is usually an aluminum shell, and the thickness of the outer shell of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm. The predetermined depth is greater than or equal to 50 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm. Therefore, the depth of the notch will not penetrate the outer shell, avoiding the impact on the internal structure of the battery cell 6 during the notch process. Secondly, during the cooling medium spraying process, when liquid nitrogen spray cooling is used, its temperature is extremely low (about -196°C), the spray pressure (0.2 to 0.5 MPa), the distance between the nozzle and the aluminum shell (10 to 20 mm), and the spraying time (5 to 10 seconds), all of which are to achieve sufficient embrittlement of the aluminum shell along the notch path without damaging the internal structure under the conditions of the usual aluminum shell thickness, so as to facilitate subsequent pulse destruction. Low-temperature embrittlement can reduce the mechanical strength of the aluminum shell, making it easy to crack along the preset notch under pulse spraying, while avoiding thermal effects on the inside of the battery cell 6. Finally, during the injection of impact gas, the pressure range (2-6 MPa), nozzle diameter (1-3 mm), and impact time (0.1-0.5 seconds) are selected based on the typical thickness and material properties of the aluminum shell. The injection of high-pressure gas requires precise control to ensure that it can initiate crack propagation without causing excessive impact to the internal electrode and packaging materials, thereby maintaining the internal structural integrity of the battery cell 6.

[0066] In one embodiment, the method of spraying a cooling medium onto the notch includes spraying the cooling medium onto the notch at a preset frequency. This pulsed spraying allows for more precise control of the amount and timing of the cooling medium sprayed, avoiding overcooling or uneven cooling that can occur with continuous spraying. This makes it easier for the temperature at the notch to reach and maintain a preset brittle temperature. Compared to continuous spraying, pulsed spraying significantly reduces cooling medium usage, lowering costs and minimizing environmental impact.

[0067] Specifically, the preset frequency is greater than or equal to 5 injections per second and less than or equal to 10 injections per second. In this way, it is easy to achieve a rapid drop in temperature and maintain it stably, further improving the cracking efficiency and consistency.

[0068] In one embodiment, the method of spraying a cooling medium onto the notch includes spraying the cooling medium onto the notch at a preset frequency within a predetermined spray duration, wherein the predetermined spray duration is greater than or equal to 5 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds. This arrangement, through pulsed spraying at a preset frequency rather than continuous spraying, allows for more precise control of the temperature drop at the notch, avoiding excessive or uneven temperature drop and ensuring that the material reaches a brittle state at the perfect temperature. The adjustable range of the preset frequency and the preset spray duration allow the device to accommodate battery cells 6 of varying sizes and material properties, enhancing the flexibility and broad applicability of the technology. The preset frequency and preset spray duration parameters can be adjusted based on the specific size, material properties, and desired brittle temperature of the battery cell 6. For example, for battery cell 6 casings with a thicker thickness or higher heat capacity, the spray frequency may need to be increased or the spray duration extended to ensure sufficient temperature drop. Conversely, for thinner battery cells 6, the frequency and duration should be appropriately reduced to prevent excessive temperature drop.

[0069] In one embodiment, after spraying the cooling medium at the notch, the disassembly method further includes: obtaining the surface temperature of the notch after the spraying duration reaches a preset detection duration. When the surface temperature at the notch exceeds the preset temperature, increasing the spraying volume or frequency of the cooling medium; and stopping the spraying when the surface temperature at the notch is less than or equal to the preset temperature. This configuration, by controlling the spraying volume or frequency, avoids excessive spraying of the cooling medium, reduces energy waste, lowers overall operating costs, and minimizes environmental impact, thus embodying an energy-saving and environmentally friendly design concept. This adaptive control mechanism ensures that the temperature at the notch accurately reaches and stabilizes at the preset embrittlement temperature, improving the uniformity and consistency of the embrittlement of the battery cell 6 shell, thereby enhancing the cracking effect. Precise temperature control reduces uncertainty in the cracking process, avoids incomplete or excessive cracking due to substandard temperatures, and further improves cracking efficiency and safety. Immediately stopping the spraying upon reaching the preset embrittlement temperature effectively prevents the cooling medium from overcooling the electrode plates and other structures within the battery cell 6, reducing potential damage and ensuring the integrity of the internal structure of the battery cell 6.

[0070] In one embodiment, the disassembly method sprays a cooling medium onto the notch through a nozzle; before spraying the cooling medium onto the notch, the disassembly method further includes: making the spray pressure of the nozzle greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.5 MPa. In this way, within this pressure range, the cooling medium can be sprayed with sufficient pressure to cover the notch, ensuring cooling efficiency, while avoiding excessive spray concentration or overreaction caused by excessive pressure, which affects the cracking effect. Appropriate pressure can control the spray range and diffusion degree of the cooling medium, avoiding the impact of the cooling medium on other non-target areas inside the battery cell 6. A reasonable spray pressure range also helps protect the equipment, preventing excessive pressure from causing physical damage to the nozzle or the battery cell 6 casing, while reducing maintenance costs.

[0071] In one embodiment, the disassembly method sprays a cooling medium onto the notch through a nozzle; before spraying the cooling medium onto the notch, the disassembly method further includes: setting the minimum distance between the nozzle nozzle and the notch to a preset spray distance, the preset spray distance being greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. With such a setting, the preset spray distance ensures that the cooling medium can be accurately sprayed onto the notch, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the cooling and reducing the cooling of non-target areas. The appropriate distance can balance the cooling efficiency with the uniformity of the medium distribution, avoiding uneven cooling or inefficiency caused by being too close or too far. In addition, a reasonable spray distance avoids the cooling medium from being directly sprayed onto the inside of the battery cell 6 or onto the operator, thereby improving operational safety and reducing the splashing and waste of the cooling medium.

[0072] Specifically, the disassembly method involves spraying a cooling medium onto the notch through a nozzle. Prior to spraying the cooling medium onto the notch, the disassembly method further includes: ensuring that the nozzle's spray pressure is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.5 MPa, and ensuring that the minimum distance between the nozzle's spray port and the notch is a preset spray distance, wherein the preset spray distance is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. In this way, the synergistic effect of appropriate pressure and distance allows for more precise control of temperature changes at the notch, preventing excessive temperature concentration or diffusion, reducing temperature inconsistencies during the cracking process, lowering the risk of the cooling medium directly contacting the internal structure of the battery cell 6, and improving operational safety. Furthermore, potential damage to the nozzle and the outer casing of the battery cell 6 caused by excessive or insufficient pressure is avoided.

[0073] In one embodiment, the disassembly method sprays a cooling medium toward the notch through a nozzle, and the nozzle is located on one side of the shell and facing the notch. The method of spraying the cooling medium toward the notch includes: moving the nozzle along the extension direction of the notch to continuously spray the cooling medium toward the notch during the movement. With such a setting, the moving spraying of the nozzle can ensure that the cooling medium evenly covers the entire notch area, avoids local overcooling or insufficient cooling, and improves the consistency of the cracking. The moving spraying can improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling medium, accelerate the temperature drop at the notch, thereby shortening the overall cooling time and improving production efficiency. And this helps to guide the cracking path to develop along a preset trajectory, reduces the risk of path deviation during the cracking process, and improves the controllability and predictability of the cracking process.

[0074] In one embodiment, the disassembly method sprays a cooling medium onto the notch through a nozzle, and the nozzle is located on one side of the shell and facing the notch. The method of spraying the cooling medium onto the notch includes: there are multiple nozzles, and the multiple nozzles are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the notch, so as to spray the cooling medium onto the notch through the multiple nozzles at the same time. With such an arrangement, multiple nozzles work at the same time, which can significantly increase the spray amount of the cooling medium, accelerate the temperature drop, thereby shortening the cooling time and improving the overall production efficiency. The multiple nozzles arranged at intervals can cool the notch from different angles and positions, which helps to evenly distribute the temperature and reduce the phenomenon of uneven temperature at the notch. In addition, the multi-nozzle design can adapt to battery cells 6 of different shapes and sizes. By adjusting the nozzle settings and spraying parameters, it can flexibly respond to various working conditions, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the equipment.

[0075] Specifically, multiple nozzles are evenly spaced along the extension direction of the score. This ensures that the cooling medium can evenly cover the entire score area from multiple points, avoiding the uneven temperature distribution caused by a single nozzle spray, improving the temperature uniformity at the score, and facilitating consistent embrittlement of the material.

[0076] In one embodiment, the method of spraying impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward a notch that has been cooled to a preset temperature includes: continuously spraying the impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch for a predetermined impact duration, wherein the predetermined impact duration is greater than or equal to 0.1s and less than or equal to 0.5s. With this arrangement, the continuous high-pressure impact gas within the predetermined impact duration can concentrate energy, promote the rapid expansion of the initial crack, and improve the cracking efficiency. Because the impact gas has a high pressure, the injection duration of the impact gas is limited, and a strong cracking force can be applied immediately after the material reaches the brittle temperature. At the same time, the adverse effects of excessive injection on the internal structure of the battery cell 6 are avoided, which helps to stabilize and consistent the cracking path and reduce uncertainty in the cracking process.

[0077] In one embodiment, the method of injecting impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward a notch that has cooled to a preset temperature includes intermittently injecting impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch that has cooled to a preset temperature. This intermittent injection prevents the continuous high-pressure gas from continuously disturbing the electrode sheets within the battery cell 6, reducing the possibility of deformation or damage to the electrode sheets and improving the accuracy of subsequent testing. Furthermore, compared to continuous injection, intermittent injection reduces the total amount of impact gas used, thereby lowering energy consumption.

[0078] Specifically, the disassembly method sprays impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch that has been cooled to a preset temperature through a nozzle, and the nozzle is located on one side of the shell and facing the notch. The method of spraying impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch that has been cooled to a preset temperature includes: arranging a plurality of nozzles at intervals along the extension direction of the notch, so as to simultaneously spray impact gas toward the notch through the plurality of nozzles. With such an arrangement, the synchronous action of the plurality of nozzles can effectively guide the cracking path to develop along the extension direction of the notch, thereby enhancing the controllability and predictability of the cracking process. Moreover, the multiple nozzles are evenly distributed along the direction of the notch, which can create a uniform stress field around the notch, thereby improving the consistency and uniformity of the cracking. The simultaneous action of multiple nozzles can also concentrate the impact energy, speed up the cracking process, shorten the total time for disassembling the battery cell 6, and improve production efficiency.

[0079] In one embodiment, a disassembly method uses a cutting tool 21 to score the outer shell to a predetermined depth. Scoring the outer shell to the predetermined depth includes moving the cutting tool 21 along a predetermined scoring path across the outer shell surface and cutting to a predetermined depth. The predetermined scoring path is disposed around the outer shell and located on a side of the outer shell near the top cover. With this arrangement, the pre-set scoring path allows the disassembly method to precisely control the starting point and direction of the cracking process, ensuring that the cracking process proceeds along the designed path. This enhances the controllability and predictability of the cracking process and reduces the risk of cracking path deviation. The pre-set scoring path located near the top cover minimizes impact on the internal structure of the battery cell 6, minimizes damage to sensitive components such as the internal electrodes, ensures the integrity of the battery cell 6 after disassembly, and facilitates subsequent moisture testing and other internal quality checks. The pre-set scoring depth and path standardize the entire cutting process, reduce operator skill requirements, and improve the consistency of the disassembly of different batches of battery cells 6, facilitating production management and quality control.

[0080] Specifically, the notch is located between the outer shell and the top cover. This way, the notch is relatively far away from the internal components of the battery cell 6. Therefore, even if the notch operation generates some stress during disassembly, it will not directly affect the internal structure of the battery cell 6, greatly reducing the risk of damage to the internal structure and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent inspections.

[0081] In one embodiment, the disassembly method uses a tool 21 to score the shell to a predetermined depth; the method of scoring the shell to a predetermined depth includes: making the cutting end of the tool 21 abut against the shell, and rotating the shell along a predetermined axis. With such a setting, by precisely controlling the contact between the tool 21 and the shell, over-cutting or under-cutting is avoided, material damage and deformation are reduced, and the integrity of the battery cell 6 is protected. The rotation of the shell and the abutment with the tool 21 form a stable relative motion, which helps to control the depth and width of the score, ensure the accuracy of the score, and reduce the depth error caused by unstable operation. In addition, in this way, when the tool 21 contacts the rotating shell, it can ensure that the processing conditions of each scoring point are consistent, enhance the consistency of subsequent cracking, and reduce the occurrence of unexpected cracking paths.

[0082] Specifically, the predetermined depth is greater than or equal to 50 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm. Thus, the predetermined depth ensures that the shell of the battery cell 6 is neither too shallow to be difficult to crack nor too deep to damage the internal structure, thereby optimizing the controllability and efficiency of the cracking process.

[0083] Specifically, along the direction of the score extension, the score width is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Thus, a reasonable score width helps control the width of the cracking path, preventing excessive crack propagation during the cracking process and reducing the impact on the internal structure of the battery cell 6. Furthermore, optimizing the score width helps concentrate the cracking force, speeding up the cracking process and improving production efficiency.

[0084] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a disassembly device for an energy storage cell 6, which is used to disassemble the outer shell of the energy storage cell 6. The disassembly device includes a fixed structure 1, a scoring structure 2, and a cold extraction jig 3. The fixed structure 1 has a bearing portion 11 for placing the outer shell. The scoring structure 2 is arranged on one side of the fixed structure 1. The scoring structure 2 is used to score the outer shell according to a predetermined depth to form a score on the surface of the outer shell. The cold extraction jig 3 is arranged on one side of the fixed structure 1. A nozzle for spraying gas is provided on the cold extraction jig 3. The nozzle faces the outer shell. The nozzle is used to selectively connect with a cooling medium source and an impact gas source, so that when the nozzle is connected to the cooling medium source, the cooling medium is sprayed onto the score to reduce the temperature of the score to a preset temperature; when the nozzle is connected to the impact gas source, the impact gas is sprayed onto the score that has dropped to a preset temperature at a preset injection pressure to cause the outer shell to crack along the score.

[0085] The disassembly device for the energy storage battery cell 6 provided by one embodiment of the present invention can more accurately control the starting point and depth of the cracking than manual scratching, which ensures the consistency and predictability of the cracking process and reduces the occurrence of unexpected cracking paths. The injection of the cooling medium can quickly reduce the temperature at the scratch to the preset temperature, achieving low-temperature embrittlement, and then the shell is cracked by the gas jet impact. Compared with the method in the prior art of first cutting a crack in the shell with pliers and then tearing the shell of the battery cell 6 along the crack, the difficulty of cracking or damage to the electrode caused by uneven manual operation force is reduced. The integrated design of the disassembly device reduces the dependence on manual operation, realizes the automation of the disassembly process, and improves the operation efficiency. The integration and optimization of the entire device ensures the consistency of key parameters such as the scratch depth, scratch width, temperature drop rate and impact gas pressure, and improves the accuracy and comparability of the test results. Therefore, the disassembly device for the energy storage battery cell provided by this embodiment can solve the problem that the battery cell shell disassembly method in the prior art is easy to cause damage to the battery cell.

[0086] Specifically, a clamp is provided on the bearing portion 11, and the clamp includes at least two clamping portions 111 arranged opposite to each other, and one of the two adjacent clamping portions 111 is movably provided in a direction close to or away from the other clamping portion 111 to adjust the size of the clamping space between the two adjacent clamping portions 111. With such a structural setting, the design of the clamp ensures the stable clamping of the battery cell 6 shell during the disassembly process, avoids inaccurate notches or uneven cooling treatment caused by the position offset of the battery cell 6 shell, and improves the stability and consistency of the disassembly process. Accurate adjustment of the clamping space can effectively avoid excessive squeezing or loosening of the battery cell 6 shell during the clamping process, reduce the risk of damage to the battery cell 6 during the disassembly process, and protect the integrity of the internal structure of the battery cell 6.

[0087] Specifically, the scoring structure 2 includes a cutter 21 and a support assembly 22. The support assembly 22 is positioned on one side of the fixed structure 1, and the cutter 21 is mounted on the support assembly 22. The cutting end of the cutter 21 is used to score the outer shell. The support assembly 22 is movably configured to drive the cutter 21 along a predetermined scoring path. This structural arrangement ensures that the cutter 21 accurately follows the predetermined path, reducing the risk of scoring deviation and improving scoring accuracy and consistency. By controlling the path of the cutter 21 through mechanical motion, reliance on operator skill is reduced, minimizing variations in scoring depth or width due to human error.

[0088] Specifically, the scoring structure 2 includes a cutter 21 and a support assembly 22. The support assembly 22 is positioned on one side of the fixed structure 1, and the cutter 21 is mounted on the support assembly 22. The cutting end of the cutter 21 is used to score the outer shell. The scoring structure 2 also includes an elastic member, through which the cutter 21 is connected to the support assembly 22, and the cutting end of the cutter 21 is configured to abut against the outer shell. The support portion 11 is rotatably configured to rotate the outer shell along a predetermined axis. With this structural arrangement, the elastic member automatically adjusts the pressure of the cutter 21 when in contact with the outer shell, ensuring that the cutter 21 always applies a constant force during the scoring process, which helps control the consistency of the scoring depth. Furthermore, the elastic member absorbs the impact of uneven outer shell surfaces during the scoring process, reducing the risk of the cutter 21 damaging the outer shell surface or internal structure, thereby protecting the integrity of the battery cell 6. The use of the elastic member improves the stability of the cutter 21's movement, maintaining reliable contact between the cutter 21 and the outer shell even at high speeds, reducing fluctuations in the scoring process, and improving consistency and efficiency. The rotating design of the bearing portion 11 ensures that every part of the housing can be evenly scored by the cutter 21, thereby improving the uniformity of the scoring and reducing the difficulty of cracking caused by uneven manual operation.

[0089] Specifically, tool 21 utilizes a carbide hob or diamond micro-tool, which boasts high hardness and wear resistance, enabling precise, shallow engraving of aluminum alloy shells. The wear resistance of carbide and diamond allows tool 21 to maintain stable cutting performance, maintaining precision and consistency in the engraving even under high-intensity and long-term operation, thereby improving cutting quality and efficiency.

[0090] Specifically, the cutting end of the tool 21 is designed as a conical, V-shaped, or U-shaped notch to control the shape of the notch and optimize the crack guiding effect. With such a structural setting, by controlling the shape of the cutting end, such as an acute-angled V-shaped groove or a semicircular U-shaped groove, the consistency and high precision of the notch can be achieved. The optimized notch design reduces the resistance of the tool 21 during the notching process, allowing the tool 21 to complete the notching task faster and more smoothly, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire disassembly process. In addition, the specific notch shape can effectively guide the crack to expand along a preset path, ensuring the controllability of the battery cell 6 shell during the disassembly process, avoiding the random spread of cracks, and reducing internal damage to the battery cell 6 caused by improper crack direction.

[0091] In one embodiment, the position of the cold brew jig 3 is adjustable so as to move to a spraying position in which the nozzle is directed toward the outer shell, or to a retracted position in which the cold brew jig 3 and the outer shell avoid each other. The cold brew jig 3 is an annular structure having an inner side surface and an outer side surface disposed opposite each other, with the nozzle disposed on the inner side surface. When the cold brew jig 3 is in the spraying position, the cold brew jig 3 is sleeved on the outer shell. With such a structural arrangement, the adjustable position ensures that the nozzle can be precisely aligned with the notch of the outer shell. The annular design enables the cold brew jig 3 to completely surround the outer shell, thereby improving the coverage of the cooling medium on the notch and the cooling efficiency. The retracted position of the cold brew jig 3 facilitates the notch operation by the tool 21 and also facilitates the operator to quickly switch between different processes, thereby improving the operational flexibility and efficiency of the entire disassembly device. In addition, the annular structure of the cold brew jig 3 facilitates the nozzle to be directed directly toward the notch on the outer shell surface, thereby spraying the notch in a targeted manner, thereby reducing the impact on other structural parts of the battery cell 6.

[0092] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, the inner side of the cold extraction jig 3 is arranged opposite to the connection between the outer shell and the top cover of the battery cell 6. By ensuring that the inner side of the cold extraction jig 3 is tightly fitted with the connection between the outer shell and the top cover, the liquid nitrogen spray and the impact gas can act directly on the connection (i.e., the notch), accelerating the temperature drop in this area and achieving the ideal embrittlement state. This highly localized cooling and impact improves the accuracy of the low-temperature embrittlement and impact effects, reduces the overall temperature impact on the battery cell 6, and thus reduces the potential damage to fragile internal components.

[0093] Specifically, the nozzle is connected to the cold extraction jig 3 through a guide clamp, and the guide clamp is rotatably set on the cold extraction jig 3. The nozzle is located at the clamping end of the guide clamp to drive the nozzle mouth to rotate. With such a structural setting, the precise positioning and rotation ability of the nozzle enable the liquid nitrogen spray to effectively cover the entire preset cooling area, reducing the cooling time, improving the efficiency of the cooling process, and shortening the cycle of the entire disassembly process. The design of the guide clamp increases the flexibility of the nozzle operation, allowing the equipment to adapt to battery cell 6 housings of different sizes and shapes, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the equipment.

[0094] In one embodiment, the diameter of the nozzle's jet orifice is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm. In this way, a smaller jet orifice diameter (1 mm to 3 mm) can concentrate the energy of the impact gas to form a local high-pressure point. This means that under the same pressure, the smaller the jet orifice, the greater the pressure per unit area, which is conducive to forming a stronger impact at the notch of the battery cell 6 shell, accelerating the initiation and expansion of cracks. In addition, the small nozzle design can accurately control the injection range of the impact gas, ensuring that the gas energy is only concentrated at the notch, avoiding accidental damage to sensitive structures inside the battery cell 6, such as pole pieces, diaphragms, etc., thereby improving the controllability of the crack and the integrity of the battery cell 6 after detection. In addition, the formation of a local high-pressure point can effectively reduce the cracking threshold of the battery cell 6 shell, and even in the case of increased hardness after low-temperature embrittlement, it can quickly initiate crack expansion, reducing the time required for cracking and improving operational efficiency.

[0095] In one embodiment, the disassembly apparatus further comprises a first gas storage element having a first storage chamber for storing a cooling medium, the first storage chamber selectively connected to the nozzle. This structural arrangement ensures a stable supply of cooling medium through the first gas storage element, avoiding fluctuations in the cracking effect caused by insufficient or excessive cooling medium supply, and enhancing the controllability and stability of the entire disassembly process. This connection mechanism allows for precise control of the cooling medium supply, reduces cooling medium waste, and improves the efficiency of the cooling process, enabling the battery cell 6 to quickly enter the next high-pressure gas shock phase after the low-temperature embrittlement treatment.

[0096] In one embodiment, the disassembly device further includes a second gas storage member having a second storage chamber for storing impact gas, and the second storage chamber is selectively connected to the nozzle. The second gas storage member ensures a stable supply of high-pressure impact gas, avoids inconsistent cracking effects due to gas pressure fluctuations, and improves the efficiency and consistency of the cracking process. The selective connection with the nozzle allows the injection of high-pressure impact gas to be precisely controlled, helps to initiate crack propagation, improves the controllability of cracking, and reduces accidental damage to the internal structure of the battery cell 6. The independent high-pressure gas storage and supply system reduces the need to directly handle high-pressure gas during operation and improves the safety of operation. At the same time, by controlling the connection mechanism, the gas type can be flexibly switched at different operation stages to optimize the operation process.

[0097] In one embodiment, the disassembly device also includes a first drive structure 12, and the drive end of the first drive structure 12 is driven and connected to the fixed structure 1 to drive the fixed structure 1 to move to a jet position where the shell placed on the bearing portion 11 is relative to the cold extraction jig 3 or a scoring position where the shell placed on the bearing portion 11 is in contact with the cutting portion of the scoring structure 2. With such a structural arrangement, the first drive structure 12 ensures that the shell can be accurately positioned between different processes, and whether it is scoring or cooling treatment, precise alignment of the equipment and the shell can be achieved, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the operation. By automatically switching the position of the shell through the first drive structure 12, a seamless connection between scoring and cooling treatment is achieved, which simplifies the operation process and reduces the difficulty of operation.

[0098] Specifically, the first drive structure 12 includes a cylinder 121, the drive end of which is in driving connection with the fixed structure 1. This cylinder structure provides fast and stable linear or rotational motion, making the positioning and movement of the battery cells 6 faster and more accurate. This efficient driving capability shortens the entire disassembly process and improves the processing efficiency of the equipment.

[0099] In one embodiment, the disassembly device further includes a device body 4 having an operating space within which the fixed structure 1, the scoring structure 2, and the cold brew jig 3 are all disposed. A first limiting portion 122 is provided on the device body 4, and a second limiting portion is provided on the fixed structure 1. The first limiting portion 122 cooperates with the second limiting portion to limit the position, and one of the first limiting portion 122 and the second limiting portion extends along a predetermined direction. Specifically, the second limiting portion is a limiting groove, and the first limiting portion 122 is a limiting protrusion. With this structural arrangement, the integration of the device body 4 provides a stable operating platform. The limiting cooperation between the first limiting portion 122 and the second limiting portion makes the entire device more stable during operation, reducing operational failures or reduced efficiency caused by device vibration or positional deviation. The provision of the first limiting portion 122 and the second limiting portion improves the positional accuracy of the fixed structure 1 during movement, ensuring smooth switching of the fixed structure 1 between the jetting position and the scoring position.

[0100] In one embodiment, the cold extraction jig 3 is arranged to be liftable. The disassembly device also includes a second drive structure 31, which is arranged in the operating space and above the bearing portion 11. The drive end of the second drive structure 31 is arranged to be liftable, and the drive end of the second drive structure 31 is connected to the cold extraction jig 3 to drive the cold extraction jig 3 to move up and down. With such a structural arrangement, the liftable design of the cold extraction jig 3 and the coordination of the second drive structure 31 ensure that the cooling medium can be accurately sprayed onto the notch of the battery cell 6 shell, thereby improving the consistency and efficiency of the cooling effect.

[0101] Specifically, the second driving structure 31 is a cylinder structure. Thus, the use of the cylinder structure increases the flexibility of the cold brew jig 3, can adapt to battery cells 6 of different heights, and improves the versatility of the device.

[0102] In one embodiment, the disassembly device further includes an operating unit 5 and a control unit, wherein the operating unit 5 is a button control box. The transmitting end of the operating unit 5 is used to issue operating instructions, and the receiving end of the control unit is used to receive the operating instructions, so as to drive the first drive structure 12 or the second drive structure 31 according to the operating instructions, or control the nozzle to be connected to the first storage chamber or the second storage chamber, or control the nozzle to be in a spraying state or a stopped spraying state, or control the supporting unit 11 to be in a rotating state or a stationary state, or control the position of the guide clamp. With such a structural arrangement, the integrated design of the operating unit 5 and the control unit realizes the automation and intelligence of the device operation. The operator only needs to issue instructions through the button, and the device can automatically perform the corresponding actions, such as moving and rotating the battery cell 6, spraying and stopping the cooling medium, changing the state of the supporting unit 11, etc., which significantly improves the operating efficiency and reduces human errors.

[0103] Specifically, the working principle of the disassembling device in the present invention is as follows: 1. The carving knife carves the shell of the battery cell 6: the battery cell moving cylinder (equivalent to the first driving structure 12) pushes the battery cell placement fixture (equivalent to the bearing part 11) to the discharge position (equivalent to the carving position), the battery cell 6 to be disassembled is placed in the bearing part 11, the clamp position of the carving knife is adjusted, and the start button is pressed. The bearing part 11 drives the battery cell 6 to rotate one circle. The clamp of the carving knife adopts a flexible design. When the battery cell 6 rotates, the flexible spring device contracts and releases, and the carving knife carves a notch to form a carving; 2. Liquid nitrogen cooling: after the carving is completed, the battery cell 6 moves Go to the cooling station (equivalent to the jet position), the jig cylinder (equivalent to the second drive structure 31) pops out to the notch, the liquid nitrogen control valve is opened, and the outer shell of the battery cell 6 is cooled; 3. High-pressure gas impact: after the liquid nitrogen cooling is completed, the liquid nitrogen valve is closed, the high-pressure gas valve is opened, and the high-pressure gas output impacts the cooling position; 4. The battery cell 6 disassembles: after the high-pressure gas is output to the engraved cooling position, the aluminum shell of the battery cell 6 cracks along the preset notch; 5. The disassembly of the battery cell 6 is completed: after the high-pressure gas output is completed, the cold extraction jig 3 rises, the carrying part 11 returns to the discharge position, the separated battery cell 6 is taken out, and the disassembly is completed.

[0104] In this method, liquid nitrogen spray is used to embrittle the aluminum shell of the battery cell 6, and then combined with high-pressure airflow pulses to break it along the designated cracks (equivalent to the notches), eliminating manual cutting and improving consistency. Mechanical micro-engraving is also used to optimize crack guidance and achieve controlled disassembly. This protects the internal structural integrity of the battery cell 6, thereby improving the accuracy of moisture detection in the battery cell 6. The entire disassembly process takes only 10-20 seconds, making it suitable for large-scale testing.

[0105] In one example, manual cutting and pliers were used to dismantle the outer shell of the energy storage cell. A blade was used to score the outer shell of the cell 6, and then the outer shell was forcibly dismantled using pliers. This method not only requires a high level of operator proficiency, but is also very likely to cause irreversible damage to the electrode sheets, diaphragms, tabs, and other fragile components within the cell 6, affecting the performance evaluation of the internal structure of the cell 6 after the outer shell is removed.

[0106] In one example, to disassemble the outer casing of an energy storage cell, a mechanical drive device drives a cutter along a predetermined path to cut the outer casing. After cutting, the two separated outer casing parts are clamped separately, and the two outer casing parts are separated by pulling up the clamp. This method often involves high cutting forces, especially when processing aluminum casings with a thickness of 1 to 2.5 mm. This can easily damage the electrode sheets, electrolyte, and packaging materials inside the casing. This damage not only affects the quality of the disassembly but may also interfere with subsequent testing results. Furthermore, the mechanical cutting process is relatively slow, requiring precise control of the tool path and speed. This not only prolongs the disassembly time but also requires high operator skills. Furthermore, clamping and separating the two outer casing parts requires additional time and manpower, reducing overall disassembly efficiency.

[0107] The disassembly method in the embodiment of the present invention is to pre-score the scored area, then cool it at low temperature to make it brittle, and then achieve non-contact disassembly through the impact of impact gas. This non-contact disassembly method avoids the safety hazards caused by the unstable tension of the clamp, avoids direct damage to the internal structure, ensures that the integrity and function of the internal components of the battery cell 6 are not affected, and significantly improves the safety of the operator.

[0108] In one comparison, the energy storage cell casing is disassembled using cryogenic cooling and manual disassembly. First, the aluminum casing is brittled through continuous cryogenic cooling, and then disassembled by manual cutting. This method requires continuous cryogenic cooling of the entire casing, which results in a longer cooling process, a lack of targetedness, and difficulty ensuring uniform cooling. Furthermore, manual labor is still required during disassembly, resulting in excessive force in some areas during the disassembly process, which can easily damage the internal electrodes and packaging materials.

[0109] In the disassembly method in the embodiment of the present invention, low-temperature embrittlement is performed only in the notched area, combined with mechanical micro-engraving processing, which optimizes the crack guidance effect, reduces the cooling time and energy consumption, and avoids affecting the internal structure of the battery cell 6, thereby achieving more accurate and damage-free disassembly.

[0110] In one example, to disassemble the outer shell of an energy storage cell, the opening of a holding tank containing liquid nitrogen is brought into contact with the outer shell surface, thereby subjecting the outer shell to cryogenic cooling. When the temperature within the holding tank reaches a set value, the liquid nitrogen pressure within the tank is increased, subjecting the outer shell to the impact of the high-pressure liquid nitrogen until it penetrates. In this manner, the high-pressure liquid nitrogen directly impacts the outer shell of the cell 6, potentially causing not only fragmentation and irregularity but also serious damage to internal components (such as electrodes and diaphragms), impacting the accuracy of subsequent moisture testing and other quality checks. The shock wave and splashing condensed material generated by the liquid nitrogen penetration pose an additional threat to the internal structure. Furthermore, direct contact cooling makes it difficult to precisely control the temperature of the outer shell of the cell 6, particularly when the outer shell thickness is between 1 and 2.5 mm. The uneven temperature distribution can cause some parts of the outer shell to become overly brittle, prone to cracks that do not follow the predetermined path, while other parts may be insufficiently cooled, impacting disassembly efficiency.

[0111] The disassembly method of the embodiment of the present invention realizes precise shell disassembly along a preset path through notch pretreatment, and the injection of cooling medium and impact gas in the embodiment of the present invention is only targeted at the position of the notch, rather than processing the entire shell, thereby protecting the integrity and undamaged state of the internal structure of the battery cell 6 to the greatest extent, and improving the reliability and effectiveness of subsequent detection.

[0112] In one example, a direct gas impact disassembly method was used to disassemble the outer shell of the energy storage cell. High-pressure gas was directly applied to the outer shell of the cell 6 in a point- or line-shaped manner. This method, which directly impacts the outer shell of the cell 6 with high-pressure gas without prior pretreatment, results in an unstable gas impact effect. The cell 6 shell cracking process is difficult to control, often resulting in fragmentation rather than cracking along the intended path, significantly increasing the risk of damage to the internal structure. Furthermore, without prior scoring, the impact time required to achieve fragmentation is prolonged, making it highly susceptible to damage and impact on the internal structure of the cell 6.

[0113] The disassembly method in the embodiment of the present invention embrittles specific areas of the shell through pre-scores and low-temperature embrittlement pretreatment, and then uses high-pressure gas pulse shock to achieve precise cracking along the preset scores. The gas shock only acts as a catalyst for crack expansion, greatly reducing damage to the internal structure and ensuring the integrity of the internal components of the battery cell 6 after disassembly.

[0114] In one pair of comparisons, in order to disassemble the outer shell of the energy storage battery cell, the outer shell is pre-scored and then directly disassembled by gas impact. In this way, direct high-pressure gas impact is difficult to control without the assistance of low-temperature embrittlement pretreatment. The direction and speed of crack propagation in the outer shell are difficult to predict, resulting in poor disassembly consistency and repeatability. This often causes the stress of the outer shell of the battery cell 6 to concentrate around the score, rather than uniformly diffuse. This may not only cause the shell to rupture along a path other than the score, but also easily damage key components such as the internal pole piece, diaphragm, and tab, affecting the accuracy of the test results and the reuse value of the internal structure of the battery cell 6.

[0115] In the disassembly method of the embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature embrittlement pretreatment makes the shell brittle along the scoring path, and the high-pressure gas pulse only serves as a trigger mechanism for crack propagation, avoiding direct and rough impact on the internal structure of the battery cell 6, and greatly protecting the integrity and functionality of the internal components. From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention achieves the following technical effects:

[0116] 1. By adopting a coordinated design of the scoring structure 2 and the drive structure, high-precision and automated scoring of the battery cell 6 shell is achieved. The combination of the scoring knife and the elastic member, as well as the rotating design of the carrier 11, ensure the consistency and uniformity of the scoring. The optimized scoring path and depth control lay a solid foundation for the subsequent disassembly of the battery cell 6, greatly improving the efficiency of the disassembly and the controllability of the results.

[0117] 2. The application of liquid nitrogen spray cooling technology makes the outer shell of battery cell 6 brittle at low temperatures, reducing the mechanical stress required for subsequent disassembly, avoiding violent operation, significantly improving the safety of the disassembly process, and also reducing potential damage to the internal structure of battery cell 6;

[0118] 3. The optimized nozzle design, especially the fine adjustment of the nozzle diameter, can accurately focus energy, forming a local high-voltage point, causing the battery cell 6 shell to crack along the preset score, reducing the risk of damage to internal components such as the pole piece, while also preventing operators from directly contacting dangerous tools, improving the overall safety and simplicity of operation;

[0119] 4. Low-temperature embrittlement combined with high-pressure gas shock ensures the consistency of each disassembly, reduces the impact of individual differences on test results, and improves the accuracy and reliability of moisture measurement and other subsequent tests;

[0120] 5. During the entire disassembly process, precise control and non-contact operation minimized damage to the internal components of the battery cell 6, maintained the integrity of key components such as the pole piece, and helped to more accurately assess the quality status of the battery cell 6.

[0121] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0122] Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. Technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0123] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0124] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0125] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0126] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for disassembling an energy storage battery cell, for disassembling the outer shell of the energy storage battery cell, characterized in that: The disassembly method of the energy storage cell includes: Performing a scoring process on the shell at a predetermined depth to form a score on the surface of the shell; wherein the predetermined depth is less than the thickness of the shell wall; Spraying a cooling medium onto the notch to reduce the temperature of the notch to a preset temperature; An impact gas is sprayed at a preset spray pressure toward the score that has been cooled to the preset temperature, so that the shell cracks along the score; wherein the preset spray pressure is greater than or equal to 2 MPa and less than or equal to 6 MPa; and the impact gas is one or more of compressed air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, and helium.

2. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling medium is one or more of liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium, neon, methane, nitrous oxide, propane and oxygen; and / or the preset temperature is less than or equal to -30°C; and / or, After lowering the temperature of the notch to a preset temperature, the disassembly method further comprises: maintaining the temperature of the notch at the preset temperature for a preset time; and / or, The spraying of the cooling medium onto the notch includes: continuously spraying the cooling medium onto the notch within a predetermined spraying time; wherein the predetermined spraying time is greater than or equal to 5 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds.

3. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to claim 1, wherein: The energy storage cell disassembly method comprises spraying a cooling medium toward the notch through a nozzle; Before spraying the cooling medium onto the notch, the method for disassembling the energy storage cell further includes: The injection pressure of the nozzle is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.5 MPa; and / or, The minimum distance between the ejection port of the nozzle and the notch is set to a preset ejection distance, and the preset ejection distance is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

4. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to claim 1, wherein: The disassembly method of the energy storage battery cell comprises spraying a cooling medium toward the notch through a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is located on one side of the housing and faces the notch; spraying the cooling medium toward the notch comprises: Move the nozzle along the extending direction of the score to continuously spray the cooling medium toward the score during the movement; or There are a plurality of nozzles, and the plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the score, so that the cooling medium is sprayed toward the score simultaneously through the plurality of nozzles.

5. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step of spraying impact gas at a preset spray pressure toward the notch that has been cooled to the preset temperature comprises: within a predetermined impact duration, continuously spraying impact gas at a preset injection pressure toward the notch, wherein the predetermined impact duration is greater than or equal to 0.1s and less than or equal to 0.5s; or The impact gas is intermittently sprayed at a preset spray pressure toward the score that has been cooled to the preset temperature.

6. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to claim 1, wherein: The energy storage cell disassembly method comprises spraying impact gas at a preset spray pressure toward the notch that has dropped to the preset temperature through a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is located on one side of the housing and faces the notch; The step of spraying impact gas at a preset spray pressure toward the notch that has been cooled to the preset temperature comprises: A plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals along an extending direction of the score, so that the impact gas is simultaneously sprayed toward the score through the plurality of nozzles.

7. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method for disassembling the energy storage battery cell includes: using a tool to score the shell according to a predetermined depth; the scoring of the shell according to the predetermined depth includes: The cutter is moved along a predetermined scoring path on the surface of the housing and cuts according to the predetermined depth; wherein the predetermined scoring path is arranged around the housing and is located on a side of the housing close to the top cover; or, The cutting end of the cutter is brought into contact with the housing, and the housing is rotated along a predetermined axis.

8. The method for disassembling an energy storage cell according to claim 1, wherein: The predetermined depth is greater than or equal to 50 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm; and / or, Along the extension direction of the score, the width of the score is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

9. A disassembly device for an energy storage cell, used for disassembling the outer shell of the energy storage cell, characterized in that: The disassembly device of the energy storage battery cell comprises: A fixed structure (1), the fixed structure (1) having a bearing portion (11) for placing the housing; a notch structure (2) disposed on one side of the fixing structure (1), the notch structure (2) being used to perform notch processing on the shell according to a predetermined depth, so as to form notches on the surface of the shell; A cold extraction jig (3) is arranged on one side of the fixed structure (1), and a nozzle for spraying gas is provided on the cold extraction jig (3), and the nozzle faces the shell. The nozzle is used to selectively connect with a cooling medium source and an impact gas source, so that when the nozzle is connected with the cooling medium source, the cooling medium is sprayed toward the notch to reduce the temperature of the notch to a preset temperature; when the nozzle is connected with the impact gas source, the impact gas is sprayed toward the notch that has been reduced to the preset temperature at a preset injection pressure, so that the shell is cracked along the notch.

10. The disassembly device for energy storage cells according to claim 9, characterized in that: The scoring structure (2) comprises a cutter (21) and a support assembly (22), wherein the support assembly (22) is arranged on one side of the fixed structure (1), the cutter (21) is arranged on the support assembly (22), and the cutting end of the cutter (21) is used to score the shell; wherein: The support assembly (22) is movably arranged to drive the tool (21) to move along a predetermined scoring path; or, The notch structure (2) further comprises an elastic member, the cutter (21) is connected to the support assembly (22) via the elastic member, and the cutting end of the cutter (21) is configured to abut against the housing; the bearing portion (11) is rotatably configured to allow the housing to rotate along a predetermined axis.

11. The disassembly device for energy storage cells according to claim 9, characterized in that: The position of the cold brew jig (3) is adjustable so as to move to a spraying position in which the nozzle faces the shell or to a avoiding position in which the cold brew jig (3) and the shell avoid each other; the cold brew jig (3) is an annular structure, and the cold brew jig (3) has an inner side surface and an outer side surface that are relatively arranged, and the nozzle is arranged on the inner side surface; when the cold brew jig (3) is in the spraying position, the cold brew jig (3) is sleeved on the shell; and / or, The diameter of the jet opening of the nozzle is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.

12. The disassembly device for energy storage cells according to claim 9, characterized in that: The disassembly device of the energy storage battery cell further includes: a first gas storage member, the first gas storage member having a first storage chamber for storing a cooling medium, the first storage chamber being selectively connected to the nozzle; and / or, The second gas storage member has a second storage chamber for storing impact gas, and the second storage chamber is selectively communicated with the nozzle.

13. The disassembly device for energy storage cells according to claim 9, characterized in that: The disassembly device of the energy storage battery cell further includes: a first driving structure (12), wherein a driving end of the first driving structure (12) is drivingly connected to the fixed structure (1) to drive the fixed structure (1) to move to a jetting position where the shell placed on the bearing portion (11) is opposite to the cold extraction jig (3) or a scoring position where the shell placed on the bearing portion (11) is in contact with the cutting portion of the scoring structure (2); and / or, The device body (4) has an operating space, and the fixed structure (1), the notched structure (2) and the cold brew jig (3) are all arranged in the operating space; the device body (4) is provided with a first limiting portion (122), and the fixed structure (1) is provided with a second limiting portion, the first limiting portion (122) and the second limiting portion are limited and matched, and one of the first limiting portion (122) and the second limiting portion is extended along a preset direction.

Images