Single-medium alternate reverse flow type heat exchanger and heat exchange method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a single-medium alternate reverse flow type heat exchanger and a heat exchange method thereof.The single-medium alternate reverse flow type heat exchanger comprises a tube box, a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet are formed in the tube box, a first conduction structure is arranged on the first liquid inlet, and a second conduction structure is arranged on the second liquid inlet; a first conducting structure is arranged on the first liquid inlet, a second conducting structure is arranged on the second liquid inlet, the first conducting structure and the second conducting structure are communicated through a flow dividing pipe, switching assemblies are arranged on the first conducting structure and the second conducting structure, and under the cooperation of the switching assemblies, one set of the first conducting structure and the second conducting structure is in a liquid discharging state, and the other set of the first conducting structure and the second conducting structure is in a liquid feeding state; in the heat exchange process, flowing cooling liquid can drive the reciprocating assembly arranged in the flow dividing pipe to do reciprocating motion, when the reciprocating assembly moves to the stroke end every time, the switching assembly is triggered once, the states of the first conduction structure and the second conduction structure are switched once, and alternate flowing of the cooling liquid is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger and a heat exchange method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A heat exchanger, also known as a heat exchanger, is a device that transfers some of the heat from a hot fluid to a cold fluid. Heat exchangers play a vital role in chemical, petroleum, power, food, and many other industrial processes. In chemical production, heat exchangers can be used as heaters, coolers, condensers, evaporators, and reboilers, among other applications.

[0003] Heat exchangers mainly include partitioning heat exchangers, hybrid heat exchangers, and thermal storage heat exchangers. Partitioning heat exchangers include shell-and-tube heat exchangers, also known as shell-and-tube heat exchangers. These partitioning heat exchangers use the wall of the tube bundle enclosed in the shell as the heat transfer surface.

[0004] In existing shell and tube heat exchangers, when exchanging heat, the flow directions of the heat exchange fluid and the coolant are opposite. This countercurrent method can form a large temperature difference, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency to a certain extent. However, when actually exchanging heat, when the coolant always flows in the tube box in the same flow direction, the coolant with a single flow direction is prone to form a low-speed zone at the shell elbow, tube bundle or baffle notch; the low-speed zone is prone to form laminar flow, at this time the fluid boundary layer thickens, the thermal resistance increases, and it is difficult for heat to be transferred to the tube wall or the other side fluid through the boundary layer, resulting in a decrease in heat transfer efficiency, thereby reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger and a heat exchange method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger, comprising: a pipe box, the pipe box being provided with a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet, the first liquid inlet being provided with a first conductive structure, the second liquid inlet being provided with a second conductive structure, the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure being connected via a shunt pipe, and the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure being provided with a switching assembly, wherein, in cooperation with the switching assembly, one of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure can be placed in a liquid-draining state and the other in a liquid-intake state; During the heat exchange process, the coolant flowing in the diverter pipe can drive the reciprocating component arranged in the diverter pipe to perform reciprocating motion, and each time the reciprocating component moves to the end of the stroke, the switching component is triggered once, thereby switching the states of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure.

[0007] The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger as described above: the first conducting structure includes a first ball valve provided on the pipe box, the first ball valve is connected to the first liquid inlet, and the first ball valve is also provided with a first liquid outlet; The invention also includes a first valve core which is sealingly and rotatably mounted in the first ball valve.

[0008] The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger as described above: the second conducting structure includes a second ball valve provided on the pipe box, the second ball valve is connected to the second liquid inlet, and the second ball valve is further provided with a second liquid outlet; It also includes a second valve core that is sealed and rotatably installed in the second ball valve. The second valve core is connected to the first valve core through a linkage belt, and a guide channel is opened in the first valve core and the second valve core.

[0009] As described above, the single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger: the guide channel includes a first channel and a second channel opened on the first valve core, and a third channel and a fourth channel opened on the second valve core, and the conduction angles of the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel are all set to be forty-five degrees.

[0010] The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger as described above: the switching assembly includes an elastic locking structure, the elastic locking structure includes a plug-in cylinder, the plug-in cylinder is slidably connected to a slide rail provided on the diverter pipe, and the plug-in cylinder is connected to the first valve core or the second valve core via a linkage structure; It also includes a spring slidably arranged in the plug-in cylinder, one end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the plug-in cylinder, and the other end abuts against the plug-in rod slidably arranged in the plug-in cylinder, and the plug-in rod is rotatably installed with a pulley at one end away from the spring, and the pulley cooperates with a locking piece arranged on the pipe box.

[0011] In the above-mentioned single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger, the linkage structure includes a tooth plate fixedly connected to the plug-in cylinder, and the tooth plate is engaged with a gear provided on the first valve core.

[0012] As for the single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger as described above: the locking member includes a locking block provided on the pipe box, and the locking block is provided with a first locking groove, a second locking groove, a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface on the side facing the plug-in cylinder.

[0013] The single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger as described above: the reciprocating component includes an impeller rotatably installed in the diverter pipe, and the impellers are symmetrically arranged in two groups along the length direction of the diverter pipe. Pulleys are coaxially arranged on the two groups of impellers, and a belt is arranged between the two groups of pulleys. A trigger member is provided on the belt, and the trigger member cooperates with the plug-in cylinder to drive the first valve core and the second valve core to rotate synchronously.

[0014] In the single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger as described above, the triggering member includes a fixed block provided on the belt, and a first triggering plate and a second triggering plate are provided on the fixed block.

[0015] A heat exchange method for a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger is also proposed, which uses the single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger described above, and includes the following steps: Step 1: In an initial state, the first ball valve is in a liquid-discharging state, and the second ball valve is in a liquid-inletting state. During heat exchange, coolant is continuously added to the diversion pipe through the liquid-adding pipe, and the coolant enters the pipe box through the second ball valve and the second liquid inlet, and is then discharged from the first ball valve and the first liquid outlet; Step 2: During the coolant flow, the impeller rotates, which can drive the belt to drive the fixed block to move toward the second ball valve. During this process, the second trigger plate triggers the switching assembly to operate, so that the second valve core drives the first valve core to rotate synchronously, thereby switching the first ball valve to the liquid inlet state and the second ball valve to the liquid discharge state; Step 3: Then, the coolant enters the pipe box through the first ball valve. The flowing coolant drives the impeller to reverse, and then the belt drives the fixed block to move in the opposite direction until the first trigger plate cooperates with the switching assembly, driving the first valve core to drive the second valve core to rotate in the opposite direction, and then the first ball valve and the second ball valve return to their initial state; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 above so that the first ball valve and the second ball valve are switched after a period of time, thereby achieving alternating counterflow of the coolant.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By providing a switching component, a reciprocating component, a first conductive structure, and a second conductive structure, and utilizing the linkage between the components, when the heat exchanger is performing heat exchange, the reciprocating component is driven by the coolant flowing in the shunt pipe, so that after a period of time, the first conductive structure can switch its state to the second conductive structure, thereby achieving alternating countercurrent flow of the coolant. This alternating flow direction can break the laminar boundary layer, enhance the degree of turbulence, reduce thermal resistance, improve the heat transfer coefficient, and thus accelerate heat exchange efficiency; In particular, the triggering of the switching component mainly relies on the flow medium in the shunt pipe to drive the impeller and belt movement, without the need for external control. The operation process is simple and can achieve periodic reverse flow of the coolant in the pipe box, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid and the coolant. At the same time, the elastic locking structure set in the switching component can achieve precise positioning and state locking of the valve core, avoiding malfunction caused by vibration or pressure fluctuations, which affects the flow direction of the coolant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the tube box of a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the diverter pipe, the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first valve core and the second valve core in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reciprocating components in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switching component in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the first valve core and the second valve core in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guide channel in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the second conduction structure and the switching component in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic locking structure in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking part in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trigger component in a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0029] In the figure: 1, pipe box; 201, cooling inlet; 202, cooling outlet; 3, liquid adding pipe; 401, first liquid inlet; 402, second liquid inlet; 501, first ball valve; 502, second ball valve; 601, first valve core; 602, second valve core; 603, first channel; 604, second channel; 605, third channel; 606, fourth channel; 7, shunt pipe; 8, tube bundle; 9, belt; 10, linkage belt; 1101, First liquid outlet; 1102, second liquid outlet; 12, pulley; 13, gear; 14, slide rail; 15, impeller; 16, locking block; 1601, first locking groove; 1602, second locking groove; 1603, first inclined surface; 1604, second inclined surface; 17, tooth plate; 18, plug-in cylinder; 1801, slider; 19, plug-in rod; 20, spring; 2101, first trigger plate; 2102, second trigger plate; 22, fixing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0031] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0032] In addition, numerous specific details are provided in the following specific examples to better illustrate the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present application can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, and components well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main purpose of the present application.

[0033] See also Figures 1-12 In an embodiment of the present invention, a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger includes: The pipe box 1 is further provided with a first liquid inlet 401 and a second liquid inlet 402, and the first liquid inlet 401 is provided with a first conductive structure; The second liquid inlet 402 is provided with a second conductive structure. The first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are connected via a shunt pipe 7. A switching component is provided on each of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure. With the cooperation of the switching component, one of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure can be placed in a liquid discharge state and the other in a liquid intake state. Specifically, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2, a tube bundle 8 is provided in the tube box 1, and the heat exchange fluid enters the tube box 1 from the cooling inlet 201 on the tube box 1, and then passes through the tube bundle 8 and is discharged from the cooling outlet 202 on the tube box 1; The diverter pipe 7 is provided with a liquid adding pipe 3 , which is in communication with the diverter pipe 7 . In the initial state, the second conducting structure is in a liquid inlet state, and the first conducting structure is in a liquid discharge state.

[0034] During heat exchange, coolant is continuously added to the shunt pipe 7 through the liquid adding pipe 3. The coolant enters the pipe box 1 through the second conducting structure, then flows in the pipe box 1, and finally is discharged from the pipe box 1 through the first conducting structure. At the same time, heat exchange liquid is input into the cooling inlet 201, enters the tube bundle 8, and is discharged through the cooling outlet 202. During this process, the heat exchange liquid exchanges heat with the coolant flowing in the pipe box 1, so that the temperature of the heat exchange liquid discharged from the cooling outlet 202 changes, thereby achieving a heat exchange effect.

[0035] For details, see Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 The first conducting structure includes a first ball valve 501 provided on the pipe box 1, the first ball valve 501 is connected to the first liquid inlet 401, and the first ball valve 501 is further provided with a first liquid outlet 1101; It also includes a first valve core 601 that is sealingly rotatably mounted in the first ball valve 501; The second conducting structure includes a second ball valve 502 provided on the pipe box 1 , the second ball valve 502 is connected to the second liquid inlet 402 , and the second ball valve 502 is further provided with a second liquid outlet 1102 ; The second valve core 602 is sealingly and rotatably mounted in the second ball valve 502. The second valve core 602 is connected to the first valve core 601 via a linkage belt 10. The first valve core 601 and the second valve core 602 are both provided with a guide channel. The diversion channel includes a first channel 603 and a second channel 604 provided on the first valve core 601, and a third channel 605 and a fourth channel 606 provided on the second valve core 602, and the conduction angles of the first channel 603, the second channel 604, the third channel 605 and the fourth channel 606 are all set to be 45 degrees; In particular, see Figure 7 、 Figure 8 , the first channel 603 and the second channel 604 as well as the third channel 605 and the fourth channel 606 form a ninety-degree angle. In the initial state, the combination Figure 4 、 Figure 8, the first channel 603 is connected to the second liquid inlet 402, the second channel 604 is connected to the diverter pipe 7, the third channel 605 is connected to the first liquid inlet 401, and the fourth channel 606 is connected to the first liquid outlet 1101. At this time, the heat exchange fluid enters the pipe box 1 through the second ball valve 502, and then is discharged from the first liquid outlet 1101 through the first ball valve 501 (the first ball valve 501 is in the discharge state, and the second ball valve 502 is in the intake state).

[0036] After a period of time, the switching assembly is activated, which can push the first valve core 601 and the second valve core 602 to rotate clockwise 90 degrees synchronously (refer to Figure 4 ), so that the first channel 603 is connected to the second liquid outlet 1102, the second channel 604 is connected to the second liquid inlet 402, the third channel 605 is connected to the diverter pipe 7, and the fourth channel 606 is connected to the first liquid inlet 401. At this time, the heat exchange fluid enters the pipe box 1 through the first ball valve 501 and is then discharged from the second liquid outlet 1102 through the second ball valve 502 (the first ball valve 501 is in the liquid inlet state, and the second ball valve 502 is in the liquid discharge state).

[0037] By repeating the above process, the heat exchange liquid can undergo alternating countercurrent changes in the pipe box 1. This alternating flow direction can break the laminar boundary layer, enhance the turbulence, reduce thermal resistance, improve the heat transfer coefficient, and thus accelerate the heat exchange efficiency.

[0038] Specifically, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 The switching assembly includes an elastic locking structure, which includes a plug-in cylinder 18. The plug-in cylinder 18 is slidably connected to the slide rail 14 provided on the diverter pipe 7, and the plug-in cylinder 18 is connected to the first valve core 601 or the second valve core 602 through a linkage structure; The plug-in tube 18 is also provided with a slider 1801 , which is slidably connected to the slide rail 14 provided on the diversion tube 7 . With the cooperation of the slider 1801 and the slide rail 14 , the plug-in tube 18 can only slide along the axial direction of the diversion tube 7 .

[0039] The plug-in sleeve 18 further includes a spring 20 slidably disposed in the plug-in sleeve 18, one end of the spring 20 abutting against the bottom of the plug-in sleeve 18, and the other end abutting against a plug-in rod 19 slidably disposed in the plug-in sleeve 18. A pulley is rotatably mounted on the plug-in rod 19 away from the end of the spring 20, and the pulley cooperates with a locking member disposed on the pipe box 1; The linkage structure includes a tooth plate 17 fixedly connected to the plug-in cylinder 18, and the tooth plate 17 is engaged with the gear 13 provided on the first valve core 601; In particular, see Figure 10 The spring 20 is always in a compressed state, pushing the plug rod 19 to move toward the outside of the plug cylinder 18 so that the pulley contacts the locking piece. With the cooperation of the spring 20 and the locking piece, the pulley can lock the position of the plug cylinder 18, so that the position of the tooth plate 17 remains constant, thereby fixing the second valve core 602 to ensure that the communication state between the first valve core 601 and the second valve core 602 remains unchanged.

[0040] For details, see Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 The locking member includes a locking block 16 arranged on the pipe box 1, and the locking block 16 is provided with a first locking groove 1601, a second locking groove 1602, a first inclined surface 1603 and a second inclined surface 1604 on the side facing the plug-in cylinder 18. The above-mentioned first locking groove 1601 and the first inclined surface 1603 are symmetrically arranged with the second inclined surface 1604 and the second locking groove 1602.

[0041] During the heat exchange process, the coolant flowing in the shunt pipe 7 can drive the reciprocating assembly provided in the shunt pipe 7 to reciprocate, and each time the reciprocating assembly moves to the end of its stroke, the switching assembly is triggered once, thereby switching the states of the first conducting structure and the second conducting structure once; See also Figure 5 The reciprocating assembly includes an impeller 15 rotatably mounted in the shunt pipe 7. Two groups of impellers 15 are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the shunt pipe 7. The two groups of impellers 15 are coaxially provided with pulleys 12. A belt 9 is provided between the two groups of pulleys 12. A trigger is provided on the belt 9. The trigger cooperates with the plug-in cylinder 18 to drive the first valve core 601 and the second valve core 602 to rotate synchronously. The trigger member includes a fixed block 22 provided on the belt 9 , and a first trigger plate 2101 and a second trigger plate 2102 are provided on the fixed block 22 ; For details, see Figure 4 In the initial state, the fixed block 22 is close to the first ball valve 501, and the pulley is combined with the second locking groove 1602.

[0042] During the heat exchange process, the liquid adding pipe 3 continuously adds heat exchange liquid into the shunt pipe 7, and the liquid enters the pipe box 1 along the shunt pipe 7 through the second ball valve 502. During this process, the flowing heat exchange liquid continuously hits the left impeller 15, driving the impeller 15 to drive the pulley 12 to rotate clockwise; at this time, the clockwise rotating belt 9 drives the fixed block 22 to move toward the right along the axial direction of the shunt pipe 7. During the movement, the second trigger plate 2102 contacts the left plug-in cylinder 18 and pushes the left plug-in cylinder 18 to move toward the left. During this process, the pulley moves along The second inclined surface 1604 slides, further squeezing the spring 20. Simultaneously, the left toothed plate 17 engages with the gear 13, forcing the gear 13 to drive the second valve core 602 and the first valve core 601 to rotate clockwise. Correspondingly, the gear 13 on the first valve core 601 pulls the right toothed plate 17 to move synchronously toward the left. In particular, during the first forty-five degrees of rotation, the states of the second valve core 602 and the first valve core 601 remain unchanged, maintaining the second ball valve 502 in the liquid-intake state and the first ball valve 501 in the liquid-discharging state. And when the second valve core 602 drives the first valve core 601 to rotate more than forty-five degrees, the second ball valve 502 and the first ball valve 501 are in a completely closed state. At this time, the pulley passes the second inclined surface 1604 and contacts the first inclined surface 1603. Then, the spring 20 quickly releases the elastic potential energy, pushing the pulley to slide along the first inclined surface 1603 until the pulley is combined with the first locking groove 1601. The position of the plug-in cylinder 18 is locked, and the tooth plate 17 and the gear 13 combine to push the second valve core 602 to drive the first valve core 601 to rotate rapidly, switching the second ball valve 502 to the discharge state and the first ball valve 501 to the liquid intake state.

[0043] Then, the heat exchange fluid flows to the right, enters the pipe box 1 through the first ball valve 501, and then passes through the second ball valve 502 and is discharged from the second liquid outlet 1102; in this process, the flowing heat exchange fluid flushes the right impeller 15, so that the impeller 15 drives the belt 9 to rotate counterclockwise, and then the belt 9 drives the fixed block 22 to move toward the right and reset. During the reset process, the first trigger plate 2101 contacts the right plug-in tube 18 and pushes the right plug-in tube 18 to move to the right, until the first trigger plate 2101 moves to the end of the line test, the pulley quickly moves to the right under the action of the spring 20, switching the first ball valve 501 to the discharge state and the second ball valve 502 to the intake state.

[0044] This reciprocating process can achieve alternating countercurrent flow of the heat exchange fluid in the pipe box 1, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency and improving the practical performance of the heat exchanger.

[0045] A heat exchange method using a single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger is also proposed. Using the single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger described above, the method includes the following steps: Step 1: In an initial state, the first ball valve 501 is in a draining state, and the second ball valve 502 is in a feeding state. During heat exchange, coolant is continuously added to the diverter pipe 7 through the liquid adding pipe 3. The coolant enters the pipe box 1 through the second ball valve 502 and the second liquid inlet 402, and is subsequently discharged from the first ball valve 501 and the first liquid outlet 1101. Step 2: During the coolant flow, the impeller 15 rotates, driving the belt 9 to drive the fixed block 22 to move toward the second ball valve 502. During this process, the second trigger plate 2102 triggers the switching assembly to operate, causing the second valve core 602 to drive the first valve core 601 to rotate synchronously, thereby switching the first ball valve 501 to the liquid inlet state and the second ball valve 502 to the liquid discharge state. Step 3: Then, the coolant enters the pipe box 1 through the first ball valve 501. The flowing coolant drives the impeller 15 to reverse, and then the belt 9 drives the fixed block 22 to move in the opposite direction, until the first trigger plate 2101 cooperates with the switching assembly, driving the first valve core 601 and the second valve core 602 to rotate in the opposite direction, and then the first ball valve 501 and the second ball valve 502 return to their initial state. Step 4: Repeat the above steps 2 and 3 so that the first ball valve 501 and the second ball valve 502 are switched after a period of time, thereby achieving alternating counterflow of the coolant and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0047] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger, comprising a tube box (1), wherein the tube box (1) is provided with a first liquid inlet (401) and a second liquid inlet (402), characterized in that: include: The first liquid inlet (401) is provided with a first conductive structure, and the second liquid inlet (402) is provided with a second conductive structure. The first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are connected via a shunt pipe (7), and both the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are provided with a switching component. With the cooperation of the switching component, one of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure can be placed in a liquid discharge state, and the other in a liquid intake state. During the heat exchange process, the coolant flowing in the shunt pipe (7) can drive the reciprocating component arranged in the shunt pipe (7) to reciprocate, and each time the reciprocating component moves to the end of the stroke, the switching component is triggered once, thereby switching the states of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure.

2. A single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conducting structure comprises a first ball valve (501) provided on the pipe box (1), the first ball valve (501) being in communication with the first liquid inlet (401), and the first ball valve (501) is further provided with a first liquid outlet (1101); It also includes a first valve core (601) that is sealingly rotatably mounted in the first ball valve (501).

3. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second conducting structure comprises a second ball valve (502) provided on the pipe box (1), the second ball valve (502) being in communication with the second liquid inlet (402), and a second liquid outlet (1102) being further provided on the second ball valve (502); The invention also includes a second valve core (602) which is sealingly rotatably mounted in the second ball valve (502). The second valve core (602) is connected to the first valve core (601) via a linkage belt (10), and a flow guide channel is provided in both the first valve core (601) and the second valve core (602).

4. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diversion channel comprises a first channel (603) and a second channel (604) provided on the first valve core (601), and a third channel (605) and a fourth channel (606) provided on the second valve core (602), and the conduction angles of the first channel (603), the second channel (604), the third channel (605) and the fourth channel (606) are all set to be at a forty-five degree angle.

5. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching assembly includes an elastic locking structure, the elastic locking structure includes a plug-in cylinder (18), the plug-in cylinder (18) is slidably connected to a slide rail (14) provided on the diverter pipe (7), and the plug-in cylinder (18) is connected to the first valve core (601) or the second valve core (602) through a linkage structure; It also includes a spring (20) slidably arranged in the plug-in cylinder (18), one end of the spring (20) abuts against the bottom of the plug-in cylinder (18), and the other end abuts against a plug-in rod (19) slidably arranged in the plug-in cylinder (18), and the plug-in rod (19) is rotatably mounted with a pulley at one end away from the spring (20), and the pulley cooperates with a locking member arranged on the pipe box (1).

6. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linkage structure comprises a toothed plate (17) fixedly connected to the plug-in cylinder (18), and the toothed plate (17) is meshed with a gear (13) provided on the first valve core (601).

7. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking member comprises a locking block (16) arranged on the pipe box (1), and a first locking groove (1601), a second locking groove (1602), a first inclined surface (1603), and a second inclined surface (1604) are provided on a side of the locking block (16) facing the plug-in cylinder (18).

8. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly includes an impeller (15) rotatably mounted in the diverter pipe (7), wherein two groups of impellers (15) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the diverter pipe (7), and pulleys (12) are coaxially arranged on the two groups of impellers (15). A belt (9) is arranged between the two groups of pulleys (12), and a trigger member is arranged on the belt (9). The trigger member cooperates with the plug-in cylinder (18) to drive the first valve core (601) and the second valve core (602) to rotate synchronously.

9. The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The triggering member comprises a fixed block (22) arranged on the belt (9), and a first triggering plate (2101) and a second triggering plate (2102) are arranged on the fixed block (22).

10. A single-medium alternating countercurrent heat exchanger heat exchange method, characterized in that: The single-medium alternating counter-flow heat exchanger according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: Step 1: In the initial state, the first ball valve (501) is in the liquid discharge state, and the second ball valve (502) is in the liquid intake state. When heat exchange is performed, coolant is continuously added to the diversion pipe (7) through the liquid addition pipe (3). The coolant enters the pipe box (1) through the second ball valve (502) and the second liquid inlet (402), and is then discharged from the first ball valve (501) and the first liquid outlet (1101); Step 2: During the flow of the coolant, the impeller (15) rotates, which can drive the belt (9) to drive the fixed block (22) to move toward the second ball valve (502). During this process, the second trigger plate (2102) triggers the switching component to operate, so that the second valve core (602) drives the first valve core (601) to rotate synchronously, thereby switching the first ball valve (501) to the liquid inlet state and the second ball valve (502) to the liquid discharge state; Step 3: Then, the coolant enters the pipe box (1) through the first ball valve (501), and the flowing coolant drives the impeller (15) to reverse, and then the belt (9) drives the fixed block (22) to move in the opposite direction, until the first trigger plate (2101) cooperates with the switching component, driving the first valve core (601) to drive the second valve core (602) to rotate in the opposite direction, and then the first ball valve (501) and the second ball valve (502) are restored to their initial state; Step 4: Repeat the above steps 2 and 3 so that the first ball valve (501) and the second ball valve (502) are switched after a period of time, thereby achieving alternating counterflow of the coolant.

Images