Optical waveguide assembly, near-eye display device and optical device

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical waveguide assembly, a near-to-eye display device and an optical device.The optical waveguide assembly comprises a composite layer, a grating and a reflecting layer, the composite layer comprises multiple dielectric layers, the dielectric layers comprise a first dielectric layer located on the surface layer, and a total reflection area is at least formed in the first dielectric layer; the grating is arranged in the composite layer and is used for coupling the entering light into the total reflection area to form total reflection propagation, and / or is used for coupling at least one part of the light in the total reflection area out of the composite layer; the reflecting layers are selectively arranged in a plurality of areas on the outer side surface of the first dielectric layer and used for reflecting light of the total reflection area so that the light can continue to be transmitted along a total reflection path, and the reflecting layers in at least one area are arranged at intervals. According to the optical waveguide assembly disclosed by the invention, the reflecting layers arranged at intervals can ensure that external light rays can be transmitted to the composite layer on the premise of realizing total reflection propagation of the light rays, so that the lighting effect and the contrast display effect are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical devices, and in particular to an optical waveguide component, a near-eye display device and an optical device. Background Art

[0002] Optical waveguides are widely used in near-eye display applications such as augmented reality and mixed reality due to their thinness, light weight and good light transmittance.

[0003] In existing optical waveguide products, light traveling through the fully internal reflection region of the waveguide structure is susceptible to changes in surface conditions during propagation, affecting its normal path of total internal reflection. For example, if the surface is contaminated, some light will be absorbed or scattered, preventing it from traveling along its intended path to the outcoupling grating and reaching the human eye. This reduces the optical efficiency of the waveguide structure, degrading display effects such as contrast, and impacting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes an optical waveguide component, a near-eye display device and an optical device, which are intended to achieve total reflection of light in the total reflection area of the optical waveguide component along a predetermined propagation path, thereby reducing or avoiding the impact of changes in the surface state of the optical waveguide component on the propagation of light.

[0005] The optical waveguide assembly provided in a first aspect of the present invention includes: a composite layer, the composite layer including multiple dielectric layers, the dielectric layers including a first dielectric layer, the first dielectric layer being located on the surface and forming a total reflection region at least in the first dielectric layer; a grating disposed in the composite layer and configured to couple light entering the composite layer into the total reflection region to form total reflection propagation, and / or to couple at least a portion of the light in the total reflection region out of the composite layer; and a reflective layer disposed on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer and reflecting the light in the total reflection region so that the light continues to propagate along a total reflection path. The reflective layer may be selectively disposed in multiple regions of the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, with the reflective layers in at least one region being arranged at intervals.

[0006] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, in the optical waveguide assembly proposed in the first aspect of the present invention, when light is incident on the composite layer, the grating couples the light into the total reflection region, causing total reflection propagation. When the light passes through the first dielectric layer on the surface during total reflection propagation, the reflective layer provided on the first dielectric layer reflects the light into the total reflection region, allowing the light to propagate along a preset total reflection path, thereby reducing the impact of surface state changes on the total reflection propagation of the light due to changes in the outer surface of the first dielectric layer. The reflective layers arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer ensure that the light can achieve total reflection propagation without hindering external light from transmitting to the composite layer, thereby reducing or avoiding interference with the visible area of the human eye, maintaining the waveguide light efficiency of the entire optical waveguide assembly within a preset threshold, and ensuring the contrast display effect of the entire optical waveguide assembly, thereby improving the user experience.

[0007] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the light passes through the grating and is incident on the total reflection area of the first dielectric layer, the area on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer reached by the incident light during the total reflection process is the first area, and the reflective layer is arranged in part of the first area; and / or, the grating includes a coupling-in grating, and the reflective layer is arranged in a second area of the first dielectric layer opposite to the coupling-in grating; and / or, the reflective layer is arranged in a third area of the first dielectric layer that is easily contaminated.

[0008] In some further embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer is provided in the first region, and the reflective layer is arranged in an array on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer; or, the light has a period when it propagates through total reflection within the total reflection region, the reflective layer is provided in the first region, and a plurality of the reflective layers are evenly spaced and arranged on the first dielectric layer.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the same reflective layer is used to reflect light that passes through the outer surface of the first dielectric layer once when propagating through total reflection in the total reflection area. The light is formed by total reflection in the total reflection area by two beams of light with the same incident angle and the farthest distance, and the reflective layer reflects the light back to the total reflection area; the minimum size of the reflective layer is greater than or equal to the displacement difference between the two beams of light when they first propagate to the outer surface of the first dielectric layer.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grating includes a coupling-in grating and a coupling-out grating, and the number of the reflective layers arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer closer to the coupling-in grating is greater than the number of the reflective layers arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer closer to the coupling-in grating; or, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the reflective layers arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer closer to the coupling-in grating is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the reflective layers arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer closer to the coupling-out grating.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the displacement of the reflective layer on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer is positively correlated with the position of the incident point of the light in the total reflection area, the diffraction angle of the light in the total reflection area, the thickness of the total reflection area, and the number of times the light propagates in the total reflection area.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer is provided in the second region, and the reflective layer is arranged in a ring shape on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, or, with the vertical line passing through the outer surface of the first dielectric layer through the geometric center of the coupling grating as the reference, multiple reflective layers are concentrically arranged at intervals.

[0013] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the dielectric layer further includes a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer, and the opposite surfaces of the second dielectric layer are respectively connected to the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer; the grating is connected to the first dielectric layer; when a total reflection area is formed only in the first dielectric layer, the reflection layer is arranged on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; when a total reflection area is formed in both the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the reflection layer is arranged on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; when a total reflection area is formed in the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer at the same time, part of the reflection layer is arranged on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; and part of the reflection layer is arranged on the surface of the third dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is greater than that of the second dielectric layer, and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is greater than that of air, then the total reflection area is formed in the first dielectric layer; or, the materials of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are different and the refractive indexes are approximately the same, the refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are greater than the refractive index of the third dielectric layer, and the refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are greater than the refractive index of air, then the total reflection area is formed in the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer; or, the materials of the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are different and the refractive indexes are approximately the same, and the refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are greater than the refractive index of air, then the total reflection area is formed in the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the second dielectric layer is an air layer, the composite layer further includes an adhesive layer, the adhesive layer is connected to the edge area between the third dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer, and the reflective layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer.

[0016] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer includes a metal reflective film or a multilayer dielectric reflective film.

[0017] In some further embodiments of the present invention, the reflective film is a metal reflective film, and the thickness of the metal reflective film ranges from 200nm to 400nm; or; the reflective film is a multilayer dielectric reflective film, and the thickness of the multilayer dielectric reflective film ranges from 300nm to 400nm.

[0018] In some further embodiments of the present invention, the multilayer dielectric reflective film includes non-metallic oxide reflective films and metal oxide films that are alternately stacked.

[0019] The near-eye display device proposed in the second aspect of the present invention includes: an optical engine for emitting signal light; the optical waveguide component described in each of the aforementioned embodiments, wherein the optical waveguide component includes a coupling grating, and the optical engine is arranged corresponding to the coupling grating.

[0020] It can be seen from the above technical solution that in the near-eye display device proposed in the second aspect of the present invention, the optical machine emits light toward the coupling grating, and the coupling grating couples the light into the total reflection area to form total reflection propagation. When the light passes through the first dielectric layer on the surface during the total reflection propagation, the reflective layer provided on the first dielectric layer reflects the light to the total reflection area, so that the light can propagate along the preset total reflection path, reducing the influence of the surface state change of the outer surface of the first dielectric layer on the total reflection propagation of the light; and the reflective layers arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer can ensure that the light can achieve total reflection propagation without hindering the external light from transmitting to the composite layer, thereby reducing or avoiding interference with the visible area of the human eye, so that the entire near-eye display device has clear imaging, can achieve the combination of virtual and real, and can also achieve enhanced display and other effects, and the overall display effect is guaranteed.

[0021] The optical device provided by the third aspect of the present invention includes the optical waveguide assembly of each of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the optical device proposed in the third aspect of the present invention uses the aforementioned optical waveguide component to achieve total reflection of light along a predetermined route, reducing or avoiding the impact of changes in the surface state of the outer surface of the first dielectric layer on the total reflection propagation of light, thereby achieving good imaging effects and improving user experience.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer, the reflection layer is provided on the first region of the first dielectric layer, and the grating is a reflective grating;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer, a reflective layer is provided on the second region of the first dielectric layer, and the grating is a reflective grating;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer, a reflective layer is provided on the third region of the first dielectric layer, and the grating is a reflective grating;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer, a reflective layer is provided on the second region of the first dielectric layer, and the grating is a transmissive grating;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed in the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the reflection layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, and the grating is a reflective grating;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed in the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the reflection layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, and the grating is a transmission grating;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed in the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer, and the reflection layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer and the surface of the third dielectric layer, and the grating is a reflective grating;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a total reflection region is formed in the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer, and the reflection layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer and the surface of the third dielectric layer, and the grating is a transmission grating;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective layer provided in some embodiments of the present invention, arranged in a ring shape on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer;

[0034] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a plurality of reflective layers are concentrically and spaced apart on the outer surface of a first dielectric layer, as proposed in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein the second dielectric layer is an air layer;

[0036] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a near-eye display device proposed in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1000, near-eye display device; 200, optical engine; 300, lens; 400, frame; 500, temple;

[0039] 100. Optical waveguide components;

[0040] 10. Composite layer;

[0041] 11. First dielectric layer; 110. Outer surface;

[0042] 111, first area; 112, second area; 113, third area;

[0043] 12. Second dielectric layer; 13. Third dielectric layer; 14. Adhesive layer;

[0044] 20. Grating; 21. Incoupling grating; 22. Outcoupling grating;

[0045] 30. Reflective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0049] In existing optical waveguide products, light in the fully reflected area of the optical waveguide structure is easily affected by changes in the surface state during propagation, which affects the light's full reflection propagation along the normal path, resulting in reduced light efficiency of the optical waveguide structure and decreased display effects such as contrast, affecting the user experience.

[0050] In view of this, the present invention proposes an optical waveguide component 100, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 11 As shown, it includes: a composite layer 10, a grating 20 and a reflective layer 30.

[0051] The composite layer 10 includes multiple dielectric layers, including a first dielectric layer 11. The first dielectric layer 11 is located on the surface, and a total reflection region is formed at least in the first dielectric layer 11. The multiple dielectric layers can be stacked, that is, arranged adjacent to each other in a certain order. In this case, there will be two dielectric layers located on the surface, and the dielectric layers located on the surface include the first dielectric layer 11. A total reflection region can be formed in the first dielectric layer 11. After light propagates into the total reflection region in the first dielectric layer 11, it can achieve total reflection propagation.

[0052] refer to Figures 1 to 8 、 Figure 11As shown, the grating 20 is provided in the composite layer 10, and is used to couple the light entering the composite layer 10 into the total reflection region to form total reflection propagation, and / or, to couple at least a portion of the light in the total reflection region out of the composite layer 10. The grating 20 includes an input grating 21 and an output grating 22. The input grating 21 is used to couple the light entering the composite layer 10 into the total reflection region to form total reflection propagation; the output grating 22 is used to couple at least a portion of the light propagating into the total reflection region out of the composite layer 10 into the user's eyes. The grating 20 of the present application can be a grating 20 of any desired structure, for example, it can be a transmission grating, a reflection grating, a surface relief grating, a volume holographic grating, etc., and there is no limitation here.

[0053] The reflective layer 30 is disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 and is capable of causing light incident on the first dielectric layer 11 to propagate along a total internal reflection path. The outer surface 110 here primarily refers to the side of the first dielectric layer 11 that is away from the other dielectric layers. When light propagates through the total internal reflection region of the first dielectric layer 11, it passes through the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11. Furthermore, a significant area of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 is exposed to the external environment and is susceptible to contamination by dust, fingerprints, or other contaminants.

[0054] The reflective layer 30 may be selectively disposed in multiple regions on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, with the reflective layers 30 in at least one region being arranged at intervals. The multiple regions herein may be physically separated, functionally separated, or regions with varying degrees of contamination.

[0055] As can be seen from the above, in the optical waveguide assembly 100 proposed in the present invention, since a large area of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 is exposed to the external environment, the outer surface 110 is easily contaminated with a large amount of contaminants such as dust, fingerprints, and oil. These contaminants will change the refractive index of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, thereby causing the propagation path of light incident on the contaminated outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 to change. In other words, it is impossible to achieve total internal reflection propagation within the first dielectric layer 11 according to the predetermined propagation path. Therefore, in the present application, the reflective layer 30 is provided on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11. When the incident light propagates to the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, it is fully reflected by the reflective layer 30. In other words, the reflective layer 30 blocks contaminants, fingerprints, glue, and other substances from the total internal reflection propagation path of the incident light, thereby preventing the light propagation path of the light incident on the contaminated outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 from changing and thus reducing the light efficiency.

[0056] When light enters the composite layer 10, the grating 20 couples the light into the total internal reflection region, causing total internal reflection propagation. When the light passes through the first dielectric layer 11 on the surface during total internal reflection, the reflective layer 30, located on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, reflects the light back into the total internal reflection region, allowing the light to propagate along a predetermined total internal reflection path. This reduces the impact of surface changes on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 on the total internal reflection propagation of the light. This ensures that the optical waveguide assembly 100 consistently maintains good light efficiency and contrast, providing a stable and reliable display experience, significantly enhancing the user experience.

[0057] In the present application, the reflective layer 30 arranged at intervals on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 can ensure that the light can be fully reflected and transmitted without hindering the external light from transmitting to the composite layer 10, thereby not reducing the visible area of the waveguide product.

[0058] It can be understood that, compared to the situation in the related art where the surface of the total reflection area in the optical waveguide product is contaminated, causing the light to be absorbed or scattered by the contaminants during the total reflection process, resulting in a decrease in the waveguide optical efficiency and contrast of the optical waveguide product, the optical waveguide component 100 of the present application selectively provides multiple reflective layers 30 on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, thereby isolating the contaminants from the side of the reflective layer 30 away from the first dielectric layer 11, so that the contaminants do not affect the surface state of the outer surface 110, and the light can be fully reflected and propagated in the total reflection area according to the preset path.

[0059] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer 30 is a metal reflective film or a multilayer dielectric reflective film. These reflective films can reflect light that reaches the reflective layer 30 without absorbing it, while also isolating contaminants or other connected objects on the back side of the reflective layer 30 away from the first dielectric layer 11.

[0060] Optionally, when the reflective layer 30 is a metal reflective film, a silver film or an aluminum film can be used. The silver film has a high reflectivity, especially for visible light, and has excellent reflective performance; the aluminum film also has a high reflectivity, and the surface of the aluminum film can form aluminum oxide, which can provide further protection for the reflective layer 30 close to the dielectric layer.

[0061] In some further embodiments, when a metal reflective film is used, its thickness is controlled within a range of 200 nm to 400 nm. This ensures that the metal reflective film maintains its own reflectivity and prevents light from passing through without affecting the overall thickness of the optical waveguide assembly 100. For example, the thickness of the metal reflective film is 200 nm, 230 nm, 270 nm, 300 nm, 310 nm, 320 nm, 350 nm, or 400 nm. If the metal reflective film is too thin, light may pass through, failing to meet the required reflectivity. If the metal reflective film is too thick, the optical waveguide assembly 100 may be heavier.

[0062] Optionally, when the reflective layer 30 is a multilayer dielectric reflective film, it can be formed by alternating non-metallic oxide reflective films and metal oxide films, for example, by alternating silicon dioxide thin films and titanium dioxide thin films. This allows the multilayer dielectric reflective film to maintain its reflectivity without affecting the thickness of the entire optical waveguide assembly 100, thereby preventing light from passing through. Silicon dioxide thin films are a low-refractive-index material, while titanium dioxide thin films are a high-refractive-index material. By alternating these two materials with different refractive indices, a periodic structure is formed, resulting in a high reflectivity for light.

[0063] In some further embodiments, when a multilayer dielectric reflective film is used, its thickness is controlled within a range of 300 nm to 400 nm. For example, it can be 300 nm, 320 nm, 330 nm, 350 nm, 370 nm, 385 nm, or 400 nm. If the multilayer dielectric reflective film is too thin, light can easily pass through, reducing reflective performance. If the multilayer dielectric reflective film is too thick, the optical waveguide assembly 100 becomes heavier. Therefore, the present application controls the thickness of the multilayer dielectric reflective film within a range of 300 nm to 400 nm, thereby ensuring excellent reflective performance while achieving a lightweight optical waveguide assembly 100.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figures 4 to 8 As shown, light passes through the grating 20 and is incident on the total reflection area of the first dielectric layer 11. The area of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 that the incident light reaches during the total reflection process is the first area 111, and the reflective layer 30 is provided in a portion of the first area 111. In other words, the present invention has multiple first areas 111, and the reflective layer 30 is only selectively provided in a portion of the first areas 111. Therefore, the reflective layer 30 does not block external light from penetrating into the human eye, nor does it block light from being transmitted to the user's eye.

[0065] In some further embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer 30 is disposed in the first region 111, corresponding to the total reflection region, and arranged in an array on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11. The array can be a regular array, for example, a plurality of reflective layers 30 forming a rectangular array; another example, a line connecting the geometric centers of the plurality of reflective layers 30 forms an arc, so that the plurality of reflective layers 30 form an arc array; another example, a plurality of reflective layers 30 forming a circular array, etc.

[0066] In some further embodiments of the present invention, light has a periodicity when propagating by total reflection in the total reflection region, the reflective layer 30 is provided in the first region 111, and multiple reflective layers 30 are evenly spaced and arranged on the first dielectric layer 11. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0067] Take the incident light as a beam of parallel light as an example. The angle between the parallel light and the normal (dashed line) is the incident angle α; the incident points are x1 and x2 respectively, as shown in Figure 4As shown, when only the total reflection area is formed in the first dielectric layer 11, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 11 is D1 (nm), the grating period is d (unit: nm), the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 11 is n, the diffraction order is m (which can be a positive integer or a negative integer such as 0, ±1, ±2), the diffraction angle is β, and the wavelength λ (unit: nm) of the incident light is determined according to the diffraction formula: nmλ=d(sinα+sinβ), then the diffraction angle β=arcsin(nmλ / d-sinα). When the incident angle α of the incident light is determined, the light source is determined, the diffraction order is determined, the refractive index n and the thickness D1 of the first dielectric layer 11 in the total reflection area through which the light passes are determined, and the incident point of the incident light is determined; then, the setting position of the reflective layer 30 can be confirmed according to the following formulas: x1'=x1+D1tanβ, x2'=x2+D1tanβ. In the non-grating area, the total reflection period is 2D1tanβ, then the first area 111 of the reflective layer 30 that can be optionally set is confirmed by the following formula x1'=x1+kD1tanβ, x2'=x2+kD1tanβ, where k is a positive integer. Then through the positions of multiple x1' and x2', it can be confirmed that the first area 111 of the reflective layer 30 can be set in a periodic distribution. In a specific embodiment, the partial reflective layer 30 of the present application can be continuously set on multiple first areas 111 with an interval of 2D1tanβ on the outer surface 110, and these first areas 111 are closer to the position of the incident point of the incident light, so that the incident light can be transmitted through total reflection after entering the first dielectric layer 11 without being affected by pollutants, and the reflective layer 30 concentrated here will not block the light in the external environment from entering the human eye. For example, when k takes the value of 1, 3 and 5, the reflective layer 30 is set on the first area 111. The positions can be (x1+D1tanβ) to (x2+D1tanβ), (x1+3D1tanβ) to (x2+3D1tanβ) and (x1+5D1tanβ) to (x2+5D1tanβ), and the width dimensions of these first regions 111 are all x2-x1, where the distance between two adjacent first regions 111 is 2D1tanβ. Then, after the reflective layer 30 is set in these first regions 111, the three reflective layers 30 can be evenly spaced in the above three first regions 111.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, the same reflective layer 30 is used to reflect light that passes through the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 once when forming total reflection within the total reflection region. The light is formed by the edge light of the light beam with the same incident angle and the farthest distance being totally reflected within the total reflection region, and the reflective layer 30 reflects the light back to the total reflection region. The minimum size of the reflective layer 30 is greater than or equal to the displacement difference of the edge light of the light beam when it first propagates to the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11. That is, the arrangement width of the reflective layer 30 should cover the first region 111, that is, the minimum width of the reflective layer 30 should be x2-x1, so as to ensure that all parallel light beams can be totally reflected by the reflective layer 30 on the first region 111 when incident on the composite layer 10, so that the edge light beam with the farthest distance can also be totally reflected by the reflective layer 30 back to the total reflection region when reaching the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11.

[0069] Continuing with the above-mentioned specific embodiment, when k takes values of 1, 3, and 5, a reflective layer 30 is provided in each of the three corresponding first regions 111. The reflective layer 30 disposed in the three first regions 111 ensures that light rays with distances between the edge rays of the light beam (i.e., all parallel light rays of the incident light beam) are fully reflected by a reflective layer 30, ensuring that a light beam within a preset distance range is reflected by the reflective layer 30 upon its first, second, and third arrivals at the first dielectric layer 11. Furthermore, the maximum length of the reflective layer 30 should not be greater than x2-x1+2D1tanβ, so that a gap is formed between adjacent reflective layers 30, thereby preventing external light from entering the human eye.

[0070] In some embodiments, the minimum layout area of a single reflective layer 30 is limited to the maximum edge of the area where light rays of different incident angles in the light beam first propagate to the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, so that the reflective layer 30 can effectively reflect all light rays in the entire light beam. Therefore, the layout position and layout area of the reflective layer 30 of the present application can be calculated based on the area of the light beam when it is incident on the grating 20, the different incident angles of the light beam when it enters the composite layer 10 and forms total internal reflection, and the aforementioned formula.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, the displacement of the reflective layer 30 on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 can be determined according to the position of the first region 111, as shown in the above formulas x1'=x1+kD1tanβ, x2'=x2+kD1tanβ, which are respectively positively correlated with the position of the incident point of the light in the total reflection area (such as x1, x2), the diffraction angle β of the light in the total reflection area, the thickness of the total reflection area, and the number of times the light propagates in the total reflection area.

[0072] According to different structures and parameters of the grating 20, for the case where the number of total reflections of light is large, that is, the value of k is large, such as the optical waveguide component 100 where k is greater than 100, the reflective layer 30 can be arranged in multiple first regions 111 corresponding to positions with smaller k values; and when the k value is large, the reflective layer 30 can be arranged in part of the corresponding first regions 111; when the k value is an intermediate value within the threshold range, the reflective layer 30 can be arranged in part of the corresponding first regions 111. In these embodiments, the number of total reflections of light in the optical waveguide component 100 is large, and the light in the first few total reflections is large. When the light propagates for the last few times, it is closer to the coupling-in grating 21, and when the light propagates for the last several times, it is closer to the coupling-out grating 22. Then, when the k value is small, the corresponding totally reflected light sets the reflective layer 30 on more first areas 111 of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, and when the k value is large or the k value is in the middle, the corresponding totally reflected light sets the reflective layer 30 on fewer first areas 111 of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, so that the light is efficiently totally reflected and propagated in the initial propagation process, and the external light is reduced from being blocked by the reflective layer 30, and the sight of the human eye is not blocked.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the grating 20 includes an in-coupling grating 21 and an out-coupling grating 22. The number of reflective layers 30 disposed on the surface of the first dielectric layer 11 closer to the in-coupling grating 21 is greater than the number of reflective layers 30 disposed closer to the out-coupling grating 22. Because the out-coupling grating 22 is closer to the visible area of the human eye, fewer reflective layers 30 are disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 corresponding to the out-coupling grating 22, effectively preventing the reflective layers 30 from blocking light from entering the human eye. Conversely, more reflective layers 30 are disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 corresponding to the in-coupling grating 21, less likely to block light from reaching the human eye. This also allows light to efficiently undergo total internal reflection during its initial propagation, making it less susceptible to changes in the state of the outer surface 110 and its own total internal reflection process.

[0074] In other words, in the present application, the total cross-sectional area of the reflective layer 30 disposed on the surface of the first dielectric layer 11 closer to the in-coupling grating 21 is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the reflective layer 30 disposed closer to the out-coupling grating 22, and the reflective layer 30 will not block the light near the out-coupling grating 22 from being transmitted to the human eye.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, the in-coupling grating 21 and the out-coupling grating 22 are disposed on the inner surface of the first dielectric layer 11, that is, on the side of the first dielectric layer 11 facing the second dielectric layer 12. In a specific embodiment, the in-coupling grating 21 and the out-coupling grating 22 are both formed using nanoimprint technology, and the adhesive layer surrounding the in-coupling grating 21 and the out-coupling grating 22 serves as the second dielectric layer 12.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the grating 20 includes a coupling grating 21, and the reflective layer 30 is arranged in the second region 112 of the first dielectric layer 11 away from the coupling grating 21. Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, the optical engine 200 needs to be set corresponding to the coupling grating 21, so that the light emitted by the optical engine 200 is incident on the coupling grating 21 at a certain angle. The coupling grating 21 further transmits the incident light to the total reflection area and propagates along the total reflection path. When fixing the optical engine 200, glue is usually used. If glue is directly applied on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, the state of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 will change due to the difference in refractive index of the glue and the first dielectric layer 11. If the light in the total reflection area passes through these glue layers during the total reflection process, the glue layers will cause a portion of the incident light beam to not be totally reflected in the first dielectric layer 11 but to be refracted through the first dielectric layer 11, thereby affecting the total reflection transmission of the incident light beam. Then, by defining the area where the optical machine 200 needs to be fixed as the second area 112, and setting a reflective layer 30 in the second area 112 where glue needs to be dispensed and at the position where the light needs to pass in the total reflection path, the reflective layer 30 can reflect the light on the total reflection path, so that the light propagates along the preset total reflection path.

[0077] In some further embodiments of the present invention, Figure 9 As shown, the reflective layer 30 is disposed in the second region 112 and is arranged in an annular pattern on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11. In this case, the surface of the reflective layer 30 away from the first dielectric layer 11 can be coated with adhesive for connection to the optical engine 200. In these embodiments, the annular arrangement of the reflective layer 30 can be a complete ring or spaced apart within the annular region. The optical engine 200 is typically positioned at a distance from the visible area of the human eye, so the arrangement of the reflective layer 30 in the second region 112 can be flexibly adjusted.

[0078] In some further embodiments of the present invention, Figure 10As shown, with the vertical line of the geometric center of the coupled grating 21 passing through the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 as a reference, multiple reflective layers 30 are arranged concentrically and spaced apart. At this time, glue can be applied on the surface of the reflective layer 30 away from the first dielectric layer 11 to connect the optical engine 200, making the fixation of the optical engine 200 more reliable. The multiple reflective layers 30 arranged concentrically and spaced apart can save the number and area of the reflective layers 30, thereby reducing the influence of the large number of reflective layers 30 arranged in the second area 112 on the light transmission while ensuring that the glue applied on the reflective layer 30 can reliably fix the optical engine 200.

[0079] In other embodiments, Figure 12 As shown, when assembling a lens 300 equipped with an optical waveguide assembly 100 and a frame 400, if the optical waveguide assembly 100 needs to be glued to the frame 400, a reflective layer 30 can be provided at the glue point before the glue is applied. This eliminates the problem of glue adhering to the surface of the optical waveguide assembly 100 when the optical waveguide assembly 100 and the frame 400 are fixed together using glue, thereby affecting the propagation path of the light reflected by the total internal reflection in the optical waveguide assembly 100. In these embodiments, the area where the reflective layer 30 is provided can also be defined as the second area 112.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the reflective layer 30 is provided in the third region 113 of the first dielectric layer 11 which is easily contaminated. Figure 12 As shown, when the optical waveguide assembly 100 is used in a near-eye display device 1000, the areas near the edge of the frame 400, the temples 500, and the nose pads are prone to dust accumulation or fingerprints, oil stains, and the like when the user operates the optical waveguide assembly 100, causing the surface condition of the optical waveguide assembly 100 to change. Therefore, by providing a reflective layer 30 in these third areas 113, contaminants such as dust, oil stains, and fingerprints can be isolated on the side of the reflective layer 30 facing away from the first dielectric layer 11. This ensures that light traveling from the total reflection area to the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 can propagate along the predetermined total reflection path without being affected by contaminants such as dust and fingerprints. Furthermore, there may be multiple reflective layers 30 in the third region 113, and the multiple reflective layers 30 are spaced apart. For example, the third region 113 located near the nose pad is usually closer to the visible area of the human eye. Then, the multiple reflective layers 30 are spaced apart to avoid the reflective layers 30 blocking the line of sight of the human eye. By arranging the reflective layers 30 at intervals, the total reflection propagation of light can be ensured, and more light in the environment can be transmitted to the human eye, thereby improving the display contrast effect. In addition, dust, fingerprints, and oil stains can be blocked from the outside of the first dielectric layer 11 to improve the reliability and stability of the optical waveguide component 100.

[0081] In other embodiments, the side of the optical waveguide component 100 that is away from the human body is likely to come into contact with the hand during the wearing of the glasses. Therefore, a portion of the optical waveguide component 100 disposed on this side is more susceptible to scratches. Therefore, this portion of the area may also be defined as the third area 113, and the reflective layer 30 may also be disposed in the third area 113 that is susceptible to scratches.

[0082] In summary, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reflective layer 30 may be disposed only in a portion of the first region 111. Alternatively, the reflective layer 30 may be disposed simultaneously in any two of the first region 111, the second region 112, and the third region 113. Furthermore, the reflective layer 30 may be disposed simultaneously in all three regions. Furthermore, the reflective layer 30 may be disposed directly above or below the grating 20. Alternatively, the reflective layer 30 may be disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 or on the surface of the third dielectric layer 13, corresponding to the middle region between the in-coupling grating 21 and the out-coupling grating 22.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, the dielectric layer further includes a second dielectric layer 12 and a third dielectric layer 13 . Two opposite surfaces of the second dielectric layer 12 are connected to the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 respectively. The grating 20 is connected to the first dielectric layer 11 .

[0084] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, when the total reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer 11, the reflective layer 30 is provided on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 on the side away from the second dielectric layer 12. In this case, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 11 in these embodiments is greater than that of the second dielectric layer 12, and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 11 is greater than that of air. Therefore, when a light beam is incident, the total reflection region can be formed only in the first dielectric layer 11.

[0085] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, when total reflection regions are simultaneously formed in the first dielectric layer 11 and the second dielectric layer 12, the reflective layer 30 is disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, which is distal to the second dielectric layer 12. In these embodiments, the first and second dielectric layers 11, 12 are made of different materials and have substantially the same refractive index. The refractive index of the first and second dielectric layers 11, 12 is greater than that of the third dielectric layer 13, and the refractive index of the first and second dielectric layers 11, 12 is greater than that of air. Therefore, when a light beam is incident, total reflection regions can be formed in the first and second dielectric layers 11, 12. In these embodiments, the second dielectric layer 12 is located in the middle layer, and its surface state does not change. Therefore, in these embodiments, the reflective layer 30 is only required on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, which is distal to the second dielectric layer 12, to reduce the impact of changes in the surface state of the first dielectric layer 11 on the propagation of light in the total reflection regions of the first and second dielectric layers 11, 12.

[0086] In some embodiments, if the second dielectric layer 12 is a glue layer, when manufacturing the optical waveguide assembly 100, the glue needs to be attached to the first dielectric layer 11 by spin coating or doctor blade coating. Alternatively, the glue can be attached to the third dielectric layer 13 by spin coating or doctor blade coating. The intermediate glue layer can be cured or uncured depending on the materials of the dielectric layers.

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, total reflection regions are simultaneously formed in the first dielectric layer 11 and the second dielectric layer 12. The thickness of the second dielectric layer 12 is D2 (nm). When light undergoes a first total reflection in the first dielectric layer 11, the position where the first total reflection occurs on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 is: x1'=x1+D1tanβ, x2'=x2+D1tanβ. When the light is totally reflected back from the surface of the second dielectric layer 12 to the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, the positions where the second total reflection occurs on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 are further calculated, X1" and X2", which can be calculated according to the following formulas:

[0088] X1″=X1'+(p-1)K(D1+D2)tanβ, where K is a positive integer, p is the number of total reflections when the light undergoes total reflection propagation in the total reflection area, and p is greater than or equal to 3, and p is an odd number;

[0089] X2″=X2'+(p-1)K(D1+D2)tanβ, where K is a positive integer, p is the number of total reflections when the light undergoes total reflection propagation in the total reflection area, and p is greater than or equal to 3, and p is an odd number.

[0090] Since the second dielectric layer 12 is located between the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 , the surface state of the second dielectric layer 12 does not change, and there is no need to provide a reflective layer 30 on the surface of the second dielectric layer 12 .

[0091] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when total reflection regions are simultaneously formed in the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13, the partial reflection layer 30 is disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 away from the second dielectric layer 12; and the partial reflection layer 30 is disposed on the outer surface 110 of the third dielectric layer 13 away from the second dielectric layer 12. In this case, in these embodiments, the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13 are made of different materials and have substantially the same refractive index, and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13 is greater than the refractive index of air, so total reflection regions are formed in the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13. In these embodiments, the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 are both located on the surface layer and have a surface whose surface state is easily changed, namely, the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 away from the second dielectric layer 12, and the surface of the third dielectric layer 13 away from the second dielectric layer 12. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a reflective layer 30 at appropriate positions on both the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 to allow light to propagate along a predetermined total reflection propagation path in the total reflection region formed by the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13. This effectively prevents changes in the surface state of the optical waveguide assembly 100 from causing a decrease in waveguide optical efficiency, contrast, and other display effects.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 As shown, total reflection regions are simultaneously formed in the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13. The thickness of the second dielectric layer 12 is D2 (nm), and the thickness of the third dielectric layer 13 is D3 (nm). When light undergoes a first total reflection in the first dielectric layer 11, the position where the first total reflection occurs on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 is: x1'=x1+D1tanβ, x2'=x2+D1tanβ. Continuing to infer the positions X1" and X2" of the reflective layer 30 on the surface of the third dielectric layer 13, the following formula can be used to calculate:

[0093] X1″=X1'+(p-1)K(D1+D2+D3)tanβ, where K is a positive integer, p is the number of total reflections when the light undergoes total reflection propagation in the total reflection area, and p is greater than or equal to 2, and p is an even number;

[0094] X2″=X2'+(p-1)K(D1+D2+D3)tanβ, where K is a positive integer, p is the number of total reflections when the light undergoes total reflection propagation in the total reflection area, and p is greater than or equal to 2, and p is an even number.

[0095] Furthermore, when the light is totally reflected from the surface of the third dielectric layer 13 back to the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, the positions X1'' and X2'' on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 can be calculated as follows:

[0096] X1″′=X1′+(p-1)K(D1+D2+D3)tanβ, where K is a positive integer, p is the number of total reflections when the light undergoes total reflection propagation in the total reflection area, and p is greater than or equal to 3, and p is an odd number;

[0097] X2″′=X2′+(p-1)K(D1+D2+D3)tanβ, where K is a positive integer, p is the number of total reflections when the light undergoes total reflection propagation in the total reflection area, and p is greater than or equal to 3, and p is an odd number.

[0098] It can be understood that the principle of selectively setting the reflective layer 30 in the area on the surface of the third dielectric layer 13 in the present application is similar to that of setting the reflective layer 30 in part of the first area 111, in the second area 112, and in the third area 113 on the surface of the first dielectric layer 11, and will not be elaborated here.

[0099] The terms "first," "second," and "third" in this disclosure are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Therefore, a feature identified as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the aforementioned features.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 11As shown, when the second dielectric layer 12 is an air layer, the composite layer 10 further includes an adhesive layer 14, which is connected to the edge region between the third dielectric layer 13 and the first dielectric layer 11. The reflective layer 30 is disposed on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11, which is away from the second dielectric layer 12. In these embodiments, the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 contacts air, and the inner surface of the first dielectric layer 11 also contacts air. When an air layer is used as the second dielectric layer 12, light is coupled into the first dielectric layer 11 by the grating 20 and undergoes total internal reflection. In this case, a total internal reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer 11. The adhesive layer 14 disposed at the edge connects the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 into a single entity and seals the space between the two dielectric layers. This ensures that the encapsulated optical waveguide assembly 100 is airtight, maintains the physical and chemical stability of the second dielectric layer 12, and ensures the reliability of light propagating through total internal reflection in the first dielectric layer 11. The adhesive layer 14 can be either a solid or liquid adhesive.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the reflective layer 30 is provided on selected areas of the first dielectric layer 11 and / or the third dielectric layer 13, physical methods such as evaporation coating and sputtering coating can be used for coating, chemical coating methods can also be used, and adhesive bonding can be used to bond the reflective layer 30 to the corresponding position. When adhesive bonding is used on the first dielectric layer 11, the refractive index of the adhesive should be the same as or close to the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 11; when adhesive bonding is used on the third dielectric layer 13, the refractive index of the adhesive should be the same as or close to the refractive index of the third dielectric layer 13.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first dielectric layer 11 serves as a base layer and is made of one or more of glass, sapphire, polycarbonate, acrylic, cycloolefin copolymer plastic, or cycloolefin polymer; and the third dielectric layer 13 serves as a protective layer and is made of one or more of glass, polycarbonate, acrylic, cycloolefin copolymer plastic, or cycloolefin polymer. The first and third dielectric layers 11, 13 made of the aforementioned materials have good transparency, are lightweight, possess a certain degree of mechanical strength and toughness, and are not easily broken by external forces, thus facilitating support and packaging of the grating 20 and effectively protecting the grating 20. For example, glass is easy to process, colorless and transparent, and provides good support. Polycarbonate (PC) is colorless and transparent, heat-resistant, impact-resistant, inexpensive, and readily available. Acrylic (PMMA) is highly transparent, tough, hard, and resistant to breakage, making it easy to bond. When using cycloolefin copolymer plastic (COC plastic), it has high transparency, excellent low-temperature impact resistance, and elasticity. When using cycloolefin polymer (COP), it has high transparency, high gloss, high water vapor barrier properties, high rigidity and strength, and excellent chemical resistance. Of course, the materials of the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned types of materials, and other polymer materials with similar properties can also be used.

[0103] The material of the second dielectric layer 12 of the present application can be similar to the material selected for the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13, or can be air. In the same optical waveguide component 100, the specific materials selected for the second dielectric layer 12, the first dielectric layer 11, and the third dielectric layer 13 should be different. The specific types of materials required for the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13 can be determined as needed.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present application, the grating 20 is disposed on the same side of the first dielectric layer 11, for example, on the side facing the second dielectric layer 12. The grating 20 is encapsulated in the composite layer 10 to form a single unit. The first dielectric layer 11 can provide support for the grating 20, and the third dielectric layer 13 can provide protection for the grating 20. The position of the grating 20 is stable, enabling incident light within a preset angle range to be coupled into the total internal reflection region, and light in the total internal reflection region to be coupled into the human eye. In an alternative embodiment, the grating 20 is fabricated on the surface of the first dielectric layer 11 by processes such as nanoimprinting or etching, forming a micro-nano grating structure.

[0105] The near-eye display device 1000 proposed in this application is described below.

[0106] According to the near-eye display device 1000 proposed by the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, it includes: an optical engine 200 and the optical waveguide assembly 100 of each of the above embodiments, the optical engine 200 is used to transmit signal light, and the optical waveguide assembly 100 includes a coupling grating 21 (refer to Figure 2 ), the optical engine 200 is configured corresponding to the coupling grating 21.

[0107] As can be seen from the above technical solution, in the near-eye display device 1000 proposed by the present invention, the optical machine 200 emits light toward the coupling grating 21, and the coupling grating 21 couples the light into the total reflection area and propagates it through total reflection in the total emission area. When the light passes through the first dielectric layer 11 on the surface during total reflection propagation, the reflective layer 30 provided on the first dielectric layer 11 reflects the light to the total reflection area, so that the light can propagate along the preset total reflection path, avoiding the surface state change of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 affecting the total reflection propagation of the light; and the reflective layer 30 arranged at intervals on the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 can ensure that the light can achieve total reflection propagation without hindering the external light from transmitting to the composite layer 10, and thus will not interfere with the visible area of the human eye, so that the entire near-eye display device 1000 has clear imaging, can achieve the combination of virtual and real, and can also achieve enhanced display and other effects, and the overall display effect is guaranteed.

[0108] In other embodiments, when light simultaneously passes through the total reflection region formed by the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13, multiple reflective layers 30 may be selectively provided on the surface of the third dielectric layer 13. This allows the light to continue to propagate along a predetermined path after total reflection when propagating to the surface of the third dielectric layer 13, without being affected by changes in the surface state of the third dielectric layer 13. The reflective layers 30 selectively provided in certain regions of the surface of the third dielectric layer 13 also ensure that light can propagate through total reflection without obstructing external light from transmitting to the composite layer 10, thereby preventing interference with the visible area of the human eye. This ensures that the entire near-eye display device 1000 produces clear images, achieves a combination of virtual and real, and can also achieve enhanced display effects, ensuring a guaranteed overall display quality.

[0109] In some specific embodiments, Figure 12As shown, two lenses 300 having optical waveguide assemblies 100 are spaced apart and connected to the frame 400. A temple 500 is connected to each end of the frame 400. The optical engine 200 is connected to the frame 400 and the lenses 300, corresponding to the coupling-in grating 21 (not shown). In these embodiments, a plurality of spaced reflective layers 30 are provided on the second region 112 of the optical waveguide assembly 100, corresponding to the location where the optical engine 200 is connected. Glue is applied to the surface of the reflective layers 30, away from the first dielectric layer 11, to connect the corresponding structures of the optical engine 200.

[0110] In a more specific embodiment, the bracket of the optical engine 200 is connected to the second region 112 of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 , thereby enabling the optical engine 200 to be arranged corresponding to the coupling grating 21 .

[0111] The optical device proposed in this application is described below.

[0112] The optical device according to the present invention includes the optical waveguide assembly 100 of each of the aforementioned embodiments. The optical device includes, but is not limited to, a head-up display (HUD), an augmented reality device (AR device), a virtual reality device (VR device), and the like.

[0113] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the optical device proposed by the present invention, using the aforementioned optical waveguide component 100, can achieve total reflection of light along a predetermined route, reduce or avoid the influence of the surface state change of the outer surface 110 of the first dielectric layer 11 on the total reflection propagation of light, and achieve good imaging effect of the optical device and enhance user experience.

[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide component, characterized in that: include: A composite layer, the composite layer comprising multiple dielectric layers, the dielectric layers comprising a first dielectric layer, the first dielectric layer being located on a surface layer, and forming a total reflection region at least in the first dielectric layer; a grating provided in the composite layer, for coupling light entering the composite layer into the total reflection region to form total reflection propagation, and / or for coupling at least a portion of the light in the total reflection region out of the composite layer; A reflective layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, and the reflective layer reflects the light in the total reflection area so that the light continues to propagate along the total reflection path. The reflective layer can be optionally provided in multiple areas of the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, and the reflective layers in at least one area are arranged at intervals.

2. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 1, wherein The light passes through the grating and is incident on the total reflection area of the first dielectric layer. The area of the outer surface of the first dielectric layer reached by the incident light during the total reflection process is the first area, and the reflective layer is provided in part of the first area; and / or, The grating includes an in-coupling grating, and the reflective layer is provided in a second region of the first dielectric layer facing the in-coupling grating; and / or, The reflective layer is arranged in a third region of the first dielectric layer which is easily contaminated.

3. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 2, wherein The reflective layer is provided in the first region, and the reflective layer is arranged in an array on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer; or The light has a period when it is totally reflected and propagates in the total reflection area. The reflection layer is provided in the first area, and a plurality of the reflection layers are evenly spaced and arranged on the first dielectric layer.

4. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 3, wherein The same reflective layer is used to reflect light that passes through the outer surface of the first dielectric layer once when it propagates through total reflection in the total reflection area. The light is formed by the total reflection within the total reflection area by the edge light of the light beam with the same incident angle and the farthest distance. The reflective layer reflects the light back to the total reflection area; the minimum size of the reflective layer is greater than or equal to the displacement difference of the edge light of the light beam when it first propagates to the outer surface of the first dielectric layer.

5. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 3, wherein The grating includes a coupling-in grating and an out-coupling grating, and the number of the reflective layers arranged at positions closer to the coupling-in grating on the surface of the first dielectric layer is greater than the number of the reflective layers arranged at positions closer to the out-coupling grating; or, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the reflective layers arranged at positions closer to the coupling-in grating on the surface of the first dielectric layer is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the reflective layers arranged at positions closer to the out-coupling grating.

6. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 3, wherein The displacement of the reflective layer on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer is positively correlated with the position of the incident point of the light in the total reflection area, the diffraction angle of the light in the total reflection area, the thickness of the total reflection area, and the number of times the light propagates in the total reflection area.

7. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 2, wherein The reflective layer is arranged in the second area, and the reflective layer is arranged in a ring shape on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer, or, based on the perpendicular line passing through the outer surface of the first dielectric layer through the geometric center of the coupling grating, multiple reflective layers are concentrically arranged at intervals.

8. The optical waveguide component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The dielectric layer further comprises a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer, and two opposite surfaces of the second dielectric layer are connected to the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer respectively; the grating is connected to the first dielectric layer; In the case where the total reflection region is formed only in the first dielectric layer, the reflective layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; In the case where the total reflection region is formed in both the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the reflection layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; When total reflection areas are simultaneously formed in the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer, part of the reflection layer is arranged on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; and part of the reflection layer is arranged on the surface of the third dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer.

9. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 8, wherein The refractive index of the first medium layer is greater than that of the second medium layer, and the refractive index of the first medium layer is greater than that of air, and the total reflection region is formed in the first medium layer; or The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are made of different materials and have substantially the same refractive index. The refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are greater than the refractive index of the third dielectric layer. The refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are greater than the refractive index of air. Then, the total reflection region is formed in the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. or, The first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer are made of different materials and have substantially the same refractive index. The refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer are greater than the refractive index of air, and the total reflection region is formed in the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer.

10. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 8, wherein When the second dielectric layer is an air layer, the composite layer further includes an adhesive layer connected to the edge region between the third dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer, and the reflective layer is provided on the outer surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer.

11. The optical waveguide component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The reflective layer includes a metal reflective film or a multi-layer dielectric reflective film.

12. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 11, wherein The reflective film is a metal reflective film, and the thickness of the metal reflective film is in the range of 200 nm to 400 nm; or; The reflective film is a multilayer dielectric reflective film, and the thickness of the multilayer dielectric reflective film ranges from 300 nm to 400 nm.

13. The optical waveguide assembly according to claim 11, wherein The multilayer dielectric reflective film includes a non-metallic oxide reflective film and a metal oxide film that are alternately stacked.

14. A near-eye display device, characterized in that: include: an optical machine for transmitting signal light; The optical waveguide component according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the optical waveguide component comprises an incoupling grating, and the optical engine is arranged corresponding to the incoupling grating.

15. An optical device, characterized in that: The optical waveguide assembly comprises the optical waveguide assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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