A cooling system and cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of pure electric non-highway wide-body dump truck cooling systems and cooling method, solve the existing pure electric non-highway wide-body dump truck lack of hydraulic retarder, motor and the cooling system of electric control system, when hydraulic retarder high-power brake or continuous brake, it is easy to cause overheating protection or exit work due to insufficient heat dissipation efficiency;The system of the application adopts the cooling circuit that is completely independent of power battery cooling system, not only can the heat dissipation efficiency of hydraulic retarder and power battery reach maximization respectively, but also can avoid high-temperature cooling liquid when hydraulic retarder works to high-temperature impact on power battery cooling liquid, affect the efficiency and safety of power battery;Cooling method can adjust the working state of electronic water pump, electronic tee valve and electronic fan according to cooling demand, avoid cooling system waste electric energy at low load, improve vehicle endurance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to vehicle thermal management equipment and methods, specifically to a cooling system and cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional off-highway wide-body dump trucks rely on the engine cooling system for cooling their hydraulic retarders. However, existing pure electric off-highway wide-body dump trucks do not have such a cooling system available. Therefore, during high-power braking or continuous braking, the hydraulic retarder is prone to overheating or shutting down due to insufficient heat dissipation efficiency of the vehicle's cooling system.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN108869589A, entitled "A Cooling System for a Hydraulic Retarder," includes a cooling system comprising a hydraulic retarder, a heat exchanger, a radiator, a drive pump, and a circulation pump. Its purpose is to address the problem of low cooling efficiency in existing hydraulic retarder cooling systems, which leads to reduced braking performance, increased engine load, and inability to operate continuously for extended periods. However, this patent focuses more on improving the cooling efficiency of the hydraulic retarder, and does not provide cooling for the motor and electronic control system of pure electric off-highway wide-body dump trucks; furthermore, its function is relatively limited.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN116428292A, entitled "A Cooling Pipeline Assembly for a Hydraulic Retarder in a Commercial Vehicle," includes an assembly of components such as a controller, a three-way valve, an electronically controlled three-way valve, a hydraulic retarder inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a bypass pipe. It adjusts the coolant flow rate in real time based on the hydraulic retarder's activation state and workload, and uses a check valve, flow meter, pressure sensor, and temperature sensor to achieve proportional control of the coolant, ensuring constant flow cooling for the hydraulic retarder when it is not in operation. This addresses the problem of excessive water resistance in the vehicle's cooling system during non-operational or low-load conditions caused by existing hydraulic retarder cooling pipe layouts, which could lead to engine malfunctions and fail to effectively reduce heat dissipation from the hydraulic retarder. However, this patent does not solve the cooling and cooling control problems of pure electric off-highway wide-body dump trucks.

[0005] The Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN207905911U, entitled "Intelligent Control Cooling System for Power System of Articulated Dump Truck," can solve the problems of existing dual-radiator solutions for articulated dump trucks, which lead to idle engine radiators and wasted resources under slow-moving conditions. It also addresses issues such as large system weight, space constraints, high cost, poor reliability, and the complexity and lack of intelligence in traditional thermostat water flow regulation. However, this patent cannot solve the cooling and cooling control problems of pure electric off-highway wide-body dump trucks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that existing pure electric off-highway wide-body dump trucks lack cooling systems for hydraulic retarders, motors, and electronic control systems, and that the hydraulic retarders are prone to overheating or shutdown due to insufficient heat dissipation efficiency during high-power braking or continuous braking. The invention provides a cooling system and cooling method for pure electric off-highway wide-body dump trucks.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck is characterized by including a radiator, an upper radiator water tank, a lower radiator water tank, a power component, an electronically controlled cooling component, and an expansion tank.

[0009] The upper part of the radiator is connected to the upper water tank of the radiator, and the bottom part is connected to the lower water tank of the radiator. The radiator is used to cool the medium in the upper water tank and the lower water tank of the radiator.

[0010] The bottom of the radiator's lower water tank is connected to the input end of the power component via a pipe. The output end of the power component is connected to the input port of the electronic three-way valve. The first output port of the electronic three-way valve is used to connect to the cooling inlet of the hydraulic retarder via a pipe.

[0011] The electronically controlled cooling component includes a fifth three-way valve and a sixth three-way valve. The three ports of the fifth three-way valve are respectively connected to the second output port of the electronic three-way valve, the cooling inlet of the electronic control system, and the cooling inlet of the drive motor. The three ports of the sixth three-way valve are respectively connected to the cooling outlet of the electronic control system, the cooling outlet of the drive motor, and the first port of the first three-way valve.

[0012] The second port of the first three-way valve is used to connect to the cooling output end of the hydraulic retarder through a pipe. The third port of the first three-way valve is connected to the bottom port of the second three-way valve, which is set at an angle or vertically. The top port of the second three-way valve is connected to the expansion tank through an exhaust pipe. The middle port of the second three-way valve is connected to the upper water tank of the radiator through a pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the power assembly includes M electronic water pumps connected in parallel, with multi-way valves installed at both ends of the parallel connection. The multi-way valves at both ends are connected to the bottom of the radiator's lower water tank and the input port of an electronic three-way valve, respectively, via pipes, where M≥2.

[0014] Furthermore, when M=2, the power assembly includes a first electronic water pump, a second electronic water pump, a third three-way valve, and a fourth three-way valve;

[0015] The three ports of the third three-way valve are respectively connected to the bottom of the radiator lower water tank, the input end of the first electronic water pump, and the input end of the second electronic water pump through pipes.

[0016] The three ports of the fourth three-way valve are respectively connected to the input port of the electronic three-way valve, the output port of the first electronic water pump, and the output port of the second electronic water pump through pipes.

[0017] Furthermore, a seventh three-way valve is also connected to the pipe between the middle port of the second three-way valve and the upper water tank of the radiator. The middle port of the seventh three-way valve faces upward and is connected to the expansion tank through a pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, a filter is connected to the pipe between the seventh three-way valve and the upper water tank of the radiator.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper part of the water tank of the radiator is connected to an expansion tank via a gas pipe;

[0020] The bottom of the radiator's lower water tank is connected to a drain pipe, and a drain valve is connected to the drain pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, the heat sink includes a heat sink core and 2N electronic fans, where N≥2;

[0022] The heat sink core is connected to 2N electronic fans on its side;

[0023] The upper part of the radiator core is connected to the upper water tank of the radiator, and the bottom part is connected to the lower water tank of the radiator, and is in communication with the upper water tank and the lower water tank of the radiator.

[0024] A cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, characterized by the use of a cooling system for the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Connect the first output port of the electronic three-way valve to the cooling input port of the hydraulic retarder through a pipe, and connect the second port of the first three-way valve to the cooling output port of the hydraulic retarder through a pipe. Connect the cooling inlet of the electronic control system and the cooling inlet of the drive motor to the two ports of the five three-way valve respectively, and connect the cooling outlet of the electronic control system and the cooling outlet of the drive motor to the two ports of the sixth three-way valve respectively.

[0026] Step 2: Collect the vehicle data information of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck and set relevant data limits. Based on the vehicle data information and relevant data limits, adjust the power components, radiator, and electronic three-way valve to achieve cooling of the hydraulic retarder, drive motor, and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. The relevant data limits include the temperature limits of the input ports of the hydraulic retarder, drive motor, electronic control system, and electronic three-way valve.

[0027] Furthermore, step 2 specifically involves:

[0028] Step 2.1: Collect vehicle data information of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, including: drive motor temperature T. M The inlet water temperature T at the input port of the electronic three-way valve L Temperature T of the electrical control system K Hydraulic retarder water temperature T RL and hydraulic retarder oil temperature T RO And set the preset value T for the lower limit of the drive motor temperature. ML Preset value T for the upper limit of drive motor temperature MH The preset upper limit value T of the inlet water temperature at the input port of the electronic three-way valve. W The preset lower limit value T of the electronic control system temperature KL The preset upper limit of temperature T for the electronic control system KH Preset value T for upper limit of water temperature of hydraulic retarder LH And the preset upper limit value T of hydraulic retarder oil temperature OH ;

[0029] Step 2.2: Determine whether the hydraulic retarder is in working condition based on the gear information of the hydraulic retarder. If yes, proceed to step 2.3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.4.

[0030] Step 2.3: Turn on the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump, and 2N electronic fans, and adjust the water output of the first output port of the electronic three-way valve to 85% to complete the cooling of the hydraulic retarder of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0031] Step 2.4: Determine the water temperature T of the hydraulic retarder. RL Is the water temperature less than the preset upper limit T of the hydraulic retarder? LH Or the oil temperature T of the hydraulic retarder RO Is the oil temperature less than the preset upper limit T of the hydraulic retarder oil temperature? OH If not, proceed to step 2.5; if yes, proceed to step 2.6.

[0032] Step 2.5: Turn on the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump, turn on half of the electronic fans, and adjust the water output of the first output port of the electronic three-way valve to 85% to complete the cooling of the hydraulic retarder of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0033] Step 2.6: Determine the temperature T of the drive motor. M Is it greater than the preset value T of the lower limit of the drive motor temperature? ML Or the temperature T of the electronic control system K Is it greater than the preset lower limit value T of the electronic control system temperature? KL If not, proceed to step 2.7; if yes, proceed to step 2.8.

[0034] Step 2.7: Turn on the first or second electronic water pump, turn off all electronic fans, and adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve to 10% to complete the temperature rise of the drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0035] Step 2.8: Determine the temperature T of the drive motor. M Is it less than the preset upper limit temperature T of the drive motor? MH Or the temperature T of the electronic control system K Is it less than the preset upper limit temperature T of the electronic control system? KH If not, proceed to step 2.9; if yes, proceed to step 2.10.

[0036] Step 2.9: Turn on the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump, and 2N electronic fans, and adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve to 70% to complete the cooling of the drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0037] Step 2.10: Determine the inlet water temperature T at the input port of the electronic three-way valve. L Is the inlet water temperature greater than the preset upper limit T of the electronic three-way valve's input port? W If not, turn off the first or second electronic water pump and half of the electronic fans, and adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve to 50% to maintain the water temperature of the cooling system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck; if yes, turn on the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump, and 2N electronic fans, and adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve to 50% to cool the water temperature of the cooling system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0039] (1) The present invention provides a cooling system and cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, which can solve the technical problem that the existing pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck lacks a cooling system for the hydraulic retarder, motor and electronic control system, and is prone to overheating protection or shutdown due to insufficient heat dissipation efficiency when the hydraulic retarder brakes at high power or continuously.

[0040] (2) The present invention provides a cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. It adopts a cooling circuit that is completely independent of the power battery cooling system. This not only maximizes the heat dissipation efficiency of the hydraulic retarder and the power battery, but also avoids the high temperature impact of the high temperature coolant on the power battery coolant during the operation of the hydraulic retarder, which would affect the efficiency and safety of the power battery.

[0041] (3) The present invention provides a cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, which can meet the harsh working environment and rapid maintenance needs of off-highway wide-body dump trucks, avoid high dust clogging of radiator core leading to a decrease in heat dissipation performance, and quickly release coolant for maintenance when the cooling system fails, thereby shortening maintenance time and improving uptime.

[0042] (4) The present invention provides a cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, which can not only meet the cooling requirements of the hydraulic retarder, the electronic control system and the motor at the same time, but also adjust the working status of the electronic water pump, the electronic three-way valve and the electronic fan according to the cooling requirements, so as to avoid the cooling system wasting electrical energy when under low load and improve the vehicle's range. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step 2 in an embodiment of a cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck provided by the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1-First three-way valve; 2-Second three-way valve; 3-Power assembly; 301-First electronic water pump; 302-Second electronic water pump; 303-Third three-way valve; 304-Fourth three-way valve; 4-Electronic three-way valve; 5-Hydraulic retarder; 6-Electrically controlled cooling assembly; 601-Fifth three-way valve; 602-Sixth three-way valve; 7-Seventh three-way valve; 8-Expansion tank; 9-Filter; 10-Radiator; 1001-Radiator core; 1002-Electronic fan; 11-Radiator upper water tank; 12-Drain valve; 13-Radiator lower water tank; 14-Electrical control system; 15-Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] This embodiment describes a cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a radiator 10, an upper radiator tank 11, a lower radiator tank 13, a power unit 3, an electronically controlled cooling unit 6, and an expansion tank 8. The lower radiator tank 13 provides cooling water, the upper radiator tank 11 recovers cooled water, the radiator 10 connects the radiator tanks 11 and 13 to cool the water inside the tanks, the power unit 3 provides the flow power for the cooling water, the electronically controlled cooling unit 6 cools the electronic control system 14 and the drive motor 15, and the expansion tank 8 discharges gas from the cooling system and balances the pressure within the cooling system.

[0049] The electronic control system 14 refers to a single-function controller that includes drive motor control, DC-DC conversion control, charging management control, high-voltage power distribution control, pre-charge control, auxiliary motor control, and vehicle control, or an integrated controller that integrates some or all of the above functions. If there are multiple controllers, they are set up in parallel cooling.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 The diagram shows two electronic water pumps. The bottom of the radiator's lower water tank 13 is connected to one port of a third three-way valve 303 via a pipe. The other two ports of the third three-way valve 303 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the first electronic water pump 301 and the second electronic water pump 302. The output terminals of the first electronic water pump 301 and the second electronic water pump 302 are respectively connected to the two ports of a fourth three-way valve 304, which is used to combine the cooling water and deliver it to the input port of the electronic three-way valve 4 through the third port. The first electronic water pump 301 and the second electronic water pump 302 are used to adjust the cooling water flow rate according to the heat dissipation requirements.

[0051] The cooling water entering the electronic three-way valve 4 forms two cooling branches through two output ports, namely:

[0052] (1) The second output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 outputs cooling water to cool the drive motor 15 and the electronic control system 14. The output ratio of this port can be adjusted according to the cooling requirements. The specific connection method is as follows: the three ports of the fifth three-way valve 601 are respectively connected to the second output port of the electronic three-way valve 4, the cooling inlet of the electronic control system 14, and the cooling inlet of the drive motor 15; the three ports of the sixth three-way valve 602 are respectively connected to the cooling outlet of the electronic control system 14, the cooling outlet of the drive motor 15, and the first port of the first three-way valve 1.

[0053] (2) The cooling water output from the first output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 is used to cool the oil in the hydraulic retarder 5. The hydraulic retarder 5 is cooled by exchanging heat with the oil in the hydraulic retarder 5. The specific connection method is as follows: the first output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 is connected to the hydraulic retarder 5 and the second port of the first three-way valve 1 in sequence through the pipe.

[0054] After cooling the hydraulic retarder 5, the electronic control system 15, and the drive motor 14 through the two cooling branches mentioned above, the water is transported through the third port of the first three-way valve 1 to the bottom port of the inclined or vertically arranged second three-way valve 2. Since gas is introduced into the pipeline during operation, the pressure inside the pipeline gradually increases. Therefore, in this embodiment, the top port of the second three-way valve 2 is connected to the expansion tank 8 through a pipeline, and the middle port of the second three-way valve 2 is connected to the upper water tank 11 of the radiator through a pipeline. After the cooled water enters the second three-way valve 2, the gas is input into the expansion tank 8 through the top port and then discharged. The expansion tank 8 is used to discharge gas from the system to maintain stable pressure inside the pipeline, while also ensuring that the pressure inside the expansion tank 8 is balanced with the pressure inside the pipeline, allowing the cooling water in the expansion tank 8 to flow smoothly into the preset pipeline.

[0055] In this embodiment, a seventh three-way valve 7 is also connected to the pipe between the middle port of the second three-way valve 2 and the upper water tank 11 of the radiator. The middle port of the seventh three-way valve 7 faces upward and is connected to the expansion tank 8 through a pipe. This section of pipe is used to replenish water from the expansion tank 8 to the main cooling pipe. After the gas in the cooling system is discharged, the cooling water in the expansion tank 8 flows into the main cooling pipe through this pipe, ensuring that the main cooling pipe is always full of cooling water. The upper part of the upper water tank 11 of the radiator is connected to the expansion tank 8 through a gas pipe, which can discharge the gas in the upper water tank 11 of the radiator.

[0056] The bottom of the radiator lower water tank 13 is connected to a drain pipe, and a drain valve 12 is connected to the drain pipe. During maintenance, the drain valve 12 can be used to quickly and easily drain the cooling water in the pipe, thereby facilitating maintenance operations, shortening maintenance time, and increasing uptime.

[0057] The radiator 10 includes a radiator core 1001 and six electronic fans 1002; the side of the radiator core 1001 is connected to 2N electronic fans 1002; the upper part of the radiator core 1001 is connected to the radiator water tank 11, and the bottom part is connected to the radiator water tank 13, and is in communication with the radiator water tank 11 and the radiator water tank 13.

[0058] Since the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck operates in the mining area for a long time, the environment is harsh and the dust content is high. In this embodiment, a filter 9 is connected to the pipeline between the seventh three-way valve 7 and the upper water tank 11 of the radiator, which can filter impurities in the cooling water, thereby preventing the pipeline and radiator core 1001 from becoming blocked.

[0059] This embodiment also provides a cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, using a cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0060] Step 1: Connect the first output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to the cooling input port of the hydraulic retarder 5 through a pipe, connect the second port of the first three-way valve 1 to the cooling output port of the hydraulic retarder 5 through a pipe, connect the cooling inlet of the electronic control system 14 and the cooling inlet of the drive motor 15 to the two ports of the five-way valve 601 respectively, and connect the cooling outlet of the electronic control system 14 and the cooling outlet of the drive motor 15 to the two ports of the sixth three-way valve 602 respectively.

[0061] Step 2: Collect the vehicle data information of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck and set relevant data limits. Based on the vehicle data information and relevant data limits, adjust the power component 3, radiator 10, and electronic three-way valve 4 to achieve cooling of the hydraulic retarder, drive motor, and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. Relevant data limits include the temperature limits of the input ports of the hydraulic retarder 5, drive motor, electronic control system, and electronic three-way valve 4. Figure 2 As shown, specifically:

[0062] Step 2.1: Collect vehicle data information of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, including: drive motor temperature T. M The inlet water temperature T at the input port of the electronic three-way valve 4 L Temperature T of the electrical control system K Hydraulic retarder water temperature T RL and hydraulic retarder oil temperature T RO And set the preset value T for the lower limit of the drive motor temperature. ML Preset value T for the upper limit of drive motor temperature MH The upper limit preset value T of the inlet water temperature at the input port of the electronic three-way valve 4. W The preset lower limit value T of the electronic control system temperature KL The preset upper limit of temperature T for the electronic control system KH Preset value T for upper limit of water temperature of hydraulic retarder LH And the preset upper limit value T of hydraulic retarder oil temperature OH ;

[0063] Step 2.2: Determine whether the hydraulic retarder is in working condition based on the gear information of the hydraulic retarder. If yes, proceed to step 2.3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.4.

[0064] Step 2.3: Turn on the first electronic water pump 301, the second electronic water pump 302, and 2N electronic fans 1002, and adjust the water output of the first output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to 85% to complete the cooling of the hydraulic retarder of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0065] Step 2.4: Determine the water temperature T of the hydraulic retarder. RL Is the water temperature less than the preset upper limit T of the hydraulic retarder? LH Or the oil temperature T of the hydraulic retarder RO Is the oil temperature less than the preset upper limit T of the hydraulic retarder oil temperature? OH If not, proceed to step 2.5; if yes, proceed to step 2.6.

[0066] Step 2.5: Turn on the first electronic water pump 301 and the second electronic water pump 302, turn on half of the electronic fans 1002, and adjust the water output of the first output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to 85% to complete the cooling of the hydraulic retarder of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0067] Step 2.6: Determine the temperature T of the drive motor. M Is it greater than the preset value T of the lower limit of the drive motor temperature? ML Or the temperature T of the electronic control system K Is it greater than the preset lower limit value T of the electronic control system temperature? KL If not, proceed to step 2.7; if yes, proceed to step 2.8.

[0068] Step 2.7: Turn on the first electronic water pump 301 or the second electronic water pump 302, turn off all electronic fans 1002, adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to 10%, and complete the temperature rise of the drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0069] Step 2.8: Determine the temperature T of the drive motor. M Is it less than the preset upper limit temperature T of the drive motor? MH Or the temperature T of the electronic control system K Is it less than the preset upper limit temperature T of the electronic control system? KH If not, proceed to step 2.9; if yes, proceed to step 2.10.

[0070] Step 2.9: Turn on the first electronic water pump 301, the second electronic water pump 302, and 2N electronic fans 1002, and adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to 70% to complete the cooling of the drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0071] Step 2.10: Determine the inlet water temperature T at the input port of the electronic three-way valve 4. LIs the inlet water temperature greater than the preset upper limit T of the input port of the electronic three-way valve 4? W If not, turn off the first electronic water pump 301 or the second electronic water pump 302, and turn off half of the electronic fans 1002. Adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to 50% to maintain the water temperature of the cooling system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. If yes, turn on the first electronic water pump 301, the second electronic water pump 302, and 2N electronic fans 1002. Adjust the water output of the second port of the electronic three-way valve 4 to 50% to cool the water temperature of the cooling system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

[0072] Through the above-described method, this embodiment of a cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck can not only simultaneously meet the cooling requirements of the hydraulic retarder, electronic control system, and motor, but also adjust the working status of the electronic water pump, electronic three-way valve, and electronic fan according to the cooling requirements, thereby avoiding the waste of electrical energy by the cooling system under low load and improving the overall vehicle range.

[0073] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and a comparison of the effects of the specific embodiments with relevant comparative examples. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, characterized in that, It includes a radiator (10), an upper radiator water tank (11), a lower radiator water tank (13), a power assembly (3), an electronically controlled cooling assembly (6), and an expansion tank (8). The upper part of the radiator (10) is connected to the upper water tank (11), and the bottom part is connected to the lower water tank (13). The bottom of the lower water tank (13) is connected to the drain pipe, and the drain pipe is connected to the drain valve (12). The radiator (10) is used to cool the medium in the upper water tank (11) and the lower water tank (13). The power assembly (3) includes M parallel electronic water pumps, with multi-way valves installed at both ends of the parallel connection. The multi-way valves at both ends are connected to the bottom of the radiator lower water tank (13) and the input port of the electronic three-way valve (4) respectively through pipes. M≥2. The first output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) is used to connect to the cooling inlet of the hydraulic retarder (5) through a pipe. The electronically controlled cooling component (6) includes a fifth three-way valve (601) and a sixth three-way valve (602). The three ports of the fifth three-way valve (601) are respectively connected to the second output port of the electronic three-way valve (4), the cooling inlet of the electronic control system (14), and the cooling inlet of the drive motor (15); the three ports of the sixth three-way valve (602) are respectively connected to the cooling outlet of the electronic control system (14), the cooling outlet of the drive motor (15), and the first port of the first three-way valve (1). The second port of the first three-way valve (1) is used to connect to the cooling output end of the hydraulic retarder (5) through a pipe. The third port of the first three-way valve (1) is connected to the bottom port of the second three-way valve (2) which is set at an incline or vertical position. The top port of the second three-way valve (2) is connected to the expansion tank (8) through an exhaust pipe. The middle port of the second three-way valve (2) is connected to the upper water tank (11) of the radiator through a pipe. A seventh three-way valve (7) is also connected to the pipe between the middle port of the second three-way valve (2) and the upper water tank (11) of the radiator. The middle port of the seventh three-way valve (7) faces upward and is connected to the expansion tank (8) through a pipe. The upper part of the upper water tank (11) of the radiator is connected to the expansion tank (8) through a gas pipe.

2. The cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, When M=2, the power assembly (3) includes a first electronic water pump (301), a second electronic water pump (302), a third three-way valve (303), and a fourth three-way valve (304). The three ports of the third three-way valve (303) are respectively connected to the bottom of the radiator lower water tank (13), the input end of the first electronic water pump (301) and the input end of the second electronic water pump (302) through pipes; The three ports of the fourth three-way valve (304) are respectively connected to the input port of the electronic three-way valve (4), the output end of the first electronic water pump (301) and the output end of the second electronic water pump (302) through pipes.

3. The cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter (9) is connected to the pipe between the seventh three-way valve (7) and the upper water tank (11) of the radiator.

4. The cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator (10) includes a radiator core (1001) and 2N electronic fans (1002), where N≥2; The heat sink core (1001) is connected to 2N electronic fans (1002) on its side. The upper part of the radiator core (1001) is connected to the upper water tank (11) of the radiator, and the bottom part is connected to the lower water tank (13) of the radiator, and is in communication with the upper water tank (11) and the lower water tank (13) of the radiator.

5. A cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, characterized in that, Using the cooling system for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck according to any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: Step 1: Connect the first output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to the cooling input end of the hydraulic retarder (5) through a pipe, connect the second port of the first three-way valve (1) to the cooling output end of the hydraulic retarder (5) through a pipe, connect the cooling inlet of the electronic control system (14) and the cooling inlet of the drive motor (15) to the two ports of the five three-way valve (601) respectively, and connect the cooling outlet of the electronic control system (14) and the cooling outlet of the drive motor (15) to the two ports of the sixth three-way valve (602) respectively. Step 2: Collect the vehicle data information of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck and set relevant data limits. Based on the vehicle data information and relevant data limits, adjust the power component (3), radiator (10) and electronic three-way valve (4) to achieve cooling of the hydraulic retarder, drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. The relevant data limits include the temperature limits of the input ports of the hydraulic retarder (5), drive motor (15), electronic control system (14) and electronic three-way valve (4).

6. The cooling method for a pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 2 is as follows: Step 2.1: Collect vehicle data information of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck, including: drive motor temperature T. M The inlet water temperature T at the input port of the electronic three-way valve (4) L Temperature T of the electrical control system K Hydraulic retarder water temperature T RL and hydraulic retarder oil temperature T RO And set the preset value T for the lower limit of the drive motor temperature. ML Preset value T for the upper limit of drive motor temperature MH The upper limit preset value T of the inlet water temperature at the input port of the electronic three-way valve (4) W The preset lower limit value T of the electronic control system temperature KL The preset upper limit of temperature T for the electronic control system KH Preset value T for upper limit of water temperature of hydraulic retarder LH And the preset upper limit value T of hydraulic retarder oil temperature OH ; Step 2.2: Determine whether the hydraulic retarder is in working condition based on the gear information of the hydraulic retarder. If yes, proceed to step 2.3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.

4. Step 2.3: Turn on the first electronic water pump (301), the second electronic water pump (302), and 2N electronic fans (1002), and adjust the water output of the first output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to 85% to complete the cooling of the hydraulic retarder of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. Step 2.4: Determine the water temperature T of the hydraulic retarder. RL Is the water temperature less than the preset upper limit T of the hydraulic retarder? LH Or the hydraulic retarder oil temperature T RO Is the oil temperature less than the preset upper limit T of the hydraulic retarder oil temperature? OH If not, proceed to step 2.5; if yes, proceed to step 2.

6. Step 2.5: Turn on the first electronic water pump (301) and the second electronic water pump (302), turn on half of the electronic fans (1002), adjust the water output of the first output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to 85%, and complete the cooling of the hydraulic retarder of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. Step 2.6: Determine the temperature T of the drive motor. M Is it greater than the preset value T of the lower limit of the drive motor temperature? ML Or the temperature T of the electronic control system K Is it greater than the preset lower limit value T of the electronic control system temperature? KL If not, proceed to step 2.7; if yes, proceed to step 2.

8. Step 2.7: Turn on the first electronic water pump (301) or the second electronic water pump (302), turn off all electronic fans (1002), adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to 10%, and complete the temperature rise of the drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. Step 2.8: Determine the temperature T of the drive motor. M Is it less than the preset upper limit temperature T of the drive motor? MH Or the temperature T of the electronic control system K Is it less than the preset upper limit temperature T of the electronic control system? KH If not, proceed to step 2.9; if yes, proceed to step 2.

10. Step 2.9: Turn on the first electronic water pump (301), the second electronic water pump (302), and 2N electronic fans (1002), and adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to 70% to complete the cooling of the drive motor and electronic control system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. Step 2.10: Determine the inlet water temperature T at the input port of the electronic three-way valve (4). L Is the inlet water temperature greater than the preset upper limit T of the input port of the electronic three-way valve (4)? W If not, turn off the first electronic water pump (301) or the second electronic water pump (302), and turn off half of the electronic fans (1002). Adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to 50% to maintain the water temperature of the cooling system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck. If yes, turn on the first electronic water pump (301), the second electronic water pump (302), and 2N electronic fans (1002). Adjust the water output of the second output port of the electronic three-way valve (4) to 50% to cool the water temperature of the cooling system of the pure electric off-highway wide-body dump truck.

Images