Broadband wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with metasurface coating

Abstract

A broadband wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating comprises a metal floor, an SMA connector is fixedly arranged on the metal floor, and an inner core of the SMA connector is connected with a feed structure and used for supporting the feed structure; the magnetic dipoles are symmetrically and vertically arranged on the metal floor, the top ends of the magnetic dipoles are connected with the electric dipole arms, and the metasurface coating structure is loaded above the electric dipole arms; through the second electric dipole and the metal floor, the first notch is formed in the proper position of the magnetic dipole, the metasurface coating structure is loaded above the antenna, impedance matching of the antenna is improved, the beam width of the antenna is widened, and the antenna has the advantages of being wide in frequency band, large in beam adjusting range, simple in structure and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to a wide-bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern antenna technology, antenna applications in fields such as wireless communications, broadcasting and television, radar, navigation, and satellite communications have become ubiquitous, and the performance requirements for antennas in these fields are constantly increasing. In these applications, especially in mobile communications, military radar, electronic countermeasures, and direction-finding systems, the demand for antennas is increasingly shifting towards broadband, wide beam, high gain, and low power consumption to meet the diverse needs of modern complex electromagnetic environments.

[0003] Magnetoelectric dipole antennas, a widely studied and applied antenna type, have achieved considerable research results since their initial proposal in 2006. They offer stable gain within their operating frequency band, low cross-polarization, and a symmetrical radiation pattern. However, existing magnetoelectric dipole antennas still suffer from narrow bandwidth and small beamwidth, limiting their practical applications. This is particularly true in applications requiring wide bandwidth and beamwidth, where conventional magnetoelectric dipole antennas often fail to meet these requirements.

[0004] Regarding wide-bandwidth magnetoelectric dipole antennas, patent application document CN108649349A discloses a patent application titled "A Wide-Beam Magnetoelectric Dipole Antenna Array." This approach achieves a wider beam by using bent electric dipole arms and a parasitic monopole positioned perpendicular to the floor beneath the antenna to widen the E-plane beam. The antennas are then organized into a binary array, compensating for the reduced antenna gain caused by beam broadening. However, the use of an antenna array and the design of a corresponding feed network increase overall complexity, resulting in a narrow H-plane beam and a complex structure.

[0005] There are three main beam-broadening technologies for existing magnetoelectric dipole antennas. The first involves bending the electric dipole arm and installing a vertical shorting post underneath the antenna. This method effectively expands the E-plane beamwidth, but at the expense of gain. The second method involves splitting the antenna's electric dipole arm into three parts and folding the floor, which broadens the antenna's H-plane beamwidth. However, this worsens the antenna's standing wave and narrows the impedance bandwidth. The third method, based on the first method, uses two antennas with bent electric dipole arms to form a dual-polarized antenna, effectively broadening both the E-plane and H-plane beamwidths. However, designing a wide-bandwidth antenna is difficult and complex, and the gain drops significantly at high frequencies, resulting in limited application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide-bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating. By means of a second electric dipole and a metal floor, a first slot is opened at an appropriate position on the magnetic dipole, and a metasurface coating structure is loaded above the antenna, the impedance matching of the antenna is improved, the beam width of the antenna is widened, and the antenna has the advantages of wide bandwidth, large beam adjustment range and simple structure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A wide-bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating comprises a metal floor 1, on which an SMA connector 6 is fixedly provided, the inner core of the SMA connector 6 being connected to a feed structure 2 for supporting the feed structure 2; a magnetic dipole 3 is vertically symmetrically provided on the metal floor 1, the top of the magnetic dipole 3 being connected to an electric dipole arm 4, and a metasurface coating structure 5 is loaded above the electric dipole arm 4.

[0009] The metal floor 1 includes an inclined portion 1.2 symmetrically tilted downward at a certain angle θ on both sides of the feed structure 2, and a horizontal portion 1.1 located in the middle. The horizontal portion 1.1 remains horizontal when connected to the antenna; vertical metal side walls 1.3 of a fixed height are provided around the metal floor 1; the metal floor 1 as a whole has a trapezoidal structure.

[0010] The feeding structure 2 is a Γ-shaped feeder, and the feeding mode is a magnetoelectric dipole form, and the Γ-shaped feeder is coupled with the magnetic dipole 3 for feeding.

[0011] The feeding structure 2 has a circuitous long-short structure, including a first vertical long arm 2.1, a parallel short arm 2.2, and a second vertical long arm 2.3 connected in sequence. The bottom end of the first vertical long arm 2.1 is connected to the inner core of the SMA connector 6 fixedly installed on the metal floor 1, the top end of the first vertical long arm 2.1 is connected to one end of the parallel short arm 2.2, and the other end of the parallel short arm 2.2 is connected to the top end of the second vertical long arm 2.3. The bottom end of the second vertical long arm 2.3 is suspended. The parallel short arm 2.2 of the feeding structure 2 is parallel to the metal floor 1. The first vertical long arm 2.1 and the second vertical long arm 2.3 of the feeding structure 2 are both parallel to the magnetic dipole 3, which are used to guide energy to the magnetic dipole 3.

[0012] The magnetic dipole 3 includes a first vertical metal patch 3.1 vertically symmetrically arranged on the metal floor 1, and second vertical metal patches 3.2 are vertically symmetrically connected to both sides of the first vertical metal patch 3.1. A rectangular first notch 3.3 is provided at the top connection of the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the two second vertical metal patches 3.2. The height difference between the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the second vertical metal patch 3.2 is 2-4 mm.

[0013] The electric dipole arm 4 includes a first electric dipole 4.1, with second electric dipoles 4.2 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first electric dipole 4.1. One end of the first electric dipole 4.1 is vertically connected to the top of the first vertical metal patch 3.1, and the other end of the first electric dipole 4.1 is bent downward at a 90° angle and extended to a fixed length to form a third electric dipole 4.3. One side edge of the two second electric dipoles 4.2 is respectively connected to the top of the two second vertical metal patches 3.2. The first electric dipole 4.1 is higher than the second electric dipole 4.2. A rectangular second notch 4.4 is opened on the second electric dipole 4.2 at the position where it intersects with the third electric dipole 4.3. A metasurface cladding structure 5 is loaded above the first electric dipole 4.1.

[0014] Both sides of the second electric dipole 4.2 are tilted downwards, and the tilt angle is the same as the tilt angle θ of the tilted portion 1.2 of the metal floor 1; the tilt angle θ is 5-20°.

[0015] The metasurface cladding structure 5 is composed of a dielectric plate 5.1 and periodic rectangular metal patches 5.2 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 5.1; the metasurface cladding structure 5 is located at a predetermined height of 3 to 6 cm above the electric dipole arm 4.

[0016] The longitudinal dimension of the rectangular metal patch 5.2 is equivalent to that of the antenna and smaller than its lateral dimension.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention improves upon the traditional magnetoelectric dipole antenna and adds a metasurface cladding structure above the antenna. This not only improves the antenna's impedance matching and broadens its operating bandwidth, but also significantly increases the antenna's H-plane half-power beamwidth (HPBW). Specifically,

[0019] 1. This invention incorporates a metasurface cladding structure—a dielectric plate 5.1 and a rectangular metal patch 5.2—atop a magnetoelectric dipole antenna to achieve broadband H-plane beam broadening. This metasurface cladding structure does not affect the antenna structure or feeding method, and achieves a certain degree of H-plane wideband beam steering.

[0020] 2. The metasurface cladding structure proposed in the present invention can significantly reduce the terminal loading effect of the antenna, improve the impedance matching of the antenna, and increase the antenna gain to a certain extent.

[0021] 3. The present invention improves upon the traditional magnetoelectric dipole antenna by modifying the metal floor 1 into a trapezoidal structure, connecting the top of the magnetic dipole 3 to one end of the first electric dipole 4.1 and the second electric dipole 4.2, respectively, tilting the second electric dipole 4.2 to broaden the H-plane beam, vertically connecting the other end of the first electric dipole 4.1 to the third electric dipole 4.3, and providing a slot 9 in the second electric dipole 4.2. These improvements improve impedance matching and bandwidth broadening. The designed antenna unit achieves both wide bandwidth and wide beam, significantly improving operating performance compared to traditional magnetoelectric dipole antennas.

[0022] In summary, the present invention improves the impedance matching of the antenna and widens the beam width of the antenna through the second electric dipole 4.2 and the metal floor 1, opens a first slot 3.3 at a suitable position on the magnetic dipole 3, and loads a metasurface cladding structure above the antenna. It has the advantages of wide bandwidth, large beam adjustment range, and simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna loaded with the metasurface cladding structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the antenna element and slotted opening of the present invention loaded with the metasurface cladding structure.

[0026] Figure 4 This is how the H-plane HPBW of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention changes with the tilt angle θ.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the H-plane HPBW of the antenna before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 : is the Poynting vector distribution diagram of the H-plane of the antenna before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure of the present invention at 3.5GHz, where: Figure 6 (a) is the Poynting vector distribution diagram of the H-plane of the antenna at 3.5GHz before loading the metasurface cladding structure. Figure 6 (b) is the Poynting vector distribution diagram of the antenna on the H-plane at 3.5GHz after loading the metasurface cladding structure.

[0029] Figure 7 is the antenna reflection coefficient S before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure11 Comparison picture.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of the antenna impedance before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the antenna axial gain before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure.

[0032] Among them, 1. Metal floor; 2. Feed structure; 3. Magnetic dipole; 4. First electric dipole; 5. Second electric dipole; 6. Third electric dipole; 7. Dielectric plate; 8. Metal patch; 9. First slot; 10. Second slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution adopted by the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Traditional magnetoelectric dipole antennas typically have narrow impedance bandwidth and beamwidth, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements for wide-area signal coverage and ultra-wide bandwidth. Existing wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna designs mostly employ beam broadening on the E-plane, which degrades the antenna's standing wave ratio (SWR) and narrows the impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, antenna gain can also be severely reduced at high frequencies. This invention proposes a wide-bandwidth magnetoelectric dipole antenna with a metasurface coating, primarily addressing the current issues with the narrow impedance bandwidth and H-plane HPBW of magnetoelectric dipole antennas.

[0035] A wide-bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating comprises a metal floor 1, on which an SMA connector 6 is fixedly provided, the inner core of the SMA connector 6 being connected to a feed structure 2 for supporting the feed structure 2; a magnetic dipole 3 is vertically symmetrically provided on the metal floor 1, the top of the magnetic dipole 3 being connected to an electric dipole arm 4, and a metasurface coating structure 5 is loaded above the electric dipole arm 4.

[0036] The metal floor 1 includes an inclined portion 1.2 symmetrically tilted downward at a certain angle θ on both sides of the feed structure 2, and a horizontal portion 1.1 located in the middle. The horizontal portion 1.1 remains horizontal when connected to the antenna; vertical metal side walls 1.3 with a fixed height of approximately 15 mm are provided around the metal floor 1; the metal floor 1 has an overall trapezoidal structure.

[0037] The feeding structure 2 is a Γ-shaped feeder, and the feeding method is a magnetoelectric dipole form. The Γ-shaped feeder is coupled with the magnetic dipole 3 for feeding. The structure of the feeding structure 2 is a circuitous long-short structure, including a first vertical long arm 2.1, a parallel short arm 2.2, and a second vertical long arm 2.3 connected in sequence. The bottom end of the first vertical long arm 2.1 is connected to the inner core of the SMA connector 6 fixedly set on the metal floor 1, the top end of the first vertical long arm 2.1 is connected to one end of the parallel short arm 2.2, and the other end of the parallel short arm 2.2 is connected to the top end of the second vertical long arm 2.3. The bottom end of the second vertical long arm 2.3 is suspended. The parallel short arm 2.2 of the feeding structure 2 is parallel to the metal floor 1. The first vertical long arm 2.1 and the second vertical long arm 2.3 of the feeding structure 2 are both parallel to the magnetic dipole 3, which are used to guide energy to the magnetic dipole 3.

[0038] The two sides of the magnetic dipole 3 are symmetrically bent 90° along the E plane to form a semi-closed structure with a C-shape along the Z-axis section. The top of the magnetic dipole 3 is connected to the electric dipole arm 4. The structure of the magnetic dipole 3 specifically includes a first vertical metal patch 3.1 vertically symmetrically arranged on the metal floor 1, and the two sides of the first vertical metal patch 3.1 are vertically symmetrically connected to the second vertical metal patches 3.2. The top connection of the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the two second vertical metal patches 3.2 is provided with a rectangular first notch 3.3 for extending the current path and improving the impedance matching of the antenna. The height difference between the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the second vertical metal patch 3.2 is 2-4 mm.

[0039] The electric dipole arm 4 comprises a first electric dipole 4.1, symmetrically flanked by second electric dipoles 4.2. One end of the first electric dipole 4.1 is perpendicularly connected to the top of the first vertical metal patch 3.1. The other end of the first electric dipole 4.1 is bent downward at a 90° angle and extended a fixed length to form a third electric dipole 4.3. The two second electric dipoles 4.2 each have their sides connected to the tops of the two second vertical metal patches 3.2. The first electric dipole 4.1 is taller than the second electric dipole 4.2. A second rectangular notch 4.4 is provided on the second electric dipole 4.2 where it intersects with the third electric dipole 4.3 to facilitate machining. A metasurface cladding structure 5 is applied above the first electric dipole 4.1.

[0040] The distance between the first electric dipole 4.1 and the second electric dipole 4.2 is 2-4 mm.

[0041] Both sides of the second electric dipole 4.2 are tilted downwards, and the tilt angle is the same as the tilt angle θ of the tilted portion 1.2 of the metal floor 1; the tilt angle θ is 5-20°.

[0042] The metasurface cladding structure 5, consisting of a dielectric plate 5.1 and periodic rectangular metal patches 5.2 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 5.1, is placed at a predetermined height above the antenna to broaden the antenna's H-plane beamwidth. The metasurface cladding structure 5 is located at a predetermined height of 3 to 6 cm, preferably 5 cm, above the electric dipole arms 4.

[0043] The rectangular metal patches 5.2 are arranged in 5 rows and 7 columns and printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 5.1. The longitudinal dimensions of the rectangular metal patches 5.2 are comparable to those of the antenna, but the transverse dimensions are wider. The overall dimensions of the dielectric plate 5.1 are comparable to those of the metal floor 1.

[0044] The longitudinal dimension of the rectangular metal patch 5.2 is equivalent to that of the antenna and smaller than its lateral dimension.

[0045] The present invention first designs a wide-bandwidth magnetoelectric dipole antenna. By employing a bent first electric dipole 4.1, an inclined second electric dipole 4.2, and a first slot 3.3 in the magnetic dipole 3, the operating frequency band and beamwidth are broadened. A metasurface cladding structure is then applied above the first electric dipole 4.1. The metasurface guides the antenna's H-plane HPBW, ultimately achieving the antenna's superior characteristics of wide bandwidth, wide beam, and simple structure.

[0046] Figure 1 The overall structure of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is a metal floor 1 in a trapezoidal structure with vertical metal sidewalls 1.3 of appropriate height around it to reflect electromagnetic waves and improve antenna gain. The feeding method of the feeding structure 2 is a magnetoelectric dipole, which is fed by coupling with the corresponding oscillator. The feeding structure 2 is a circuitous long and short structure, that is, Figure 1 The two winding sections shown include a first vertical long arm 2.1, a parallel short arm 2.2, and a second vertical long arm 2.3, which are connected in sequence. The first vertical long arm 2.1 and the second vertical long arm 2.3, along with a magnetic dipole 3, form an air microstrip line for energy transmission. An SMA connector 6 on the metal floor 1 has its inner core connected to the first vertical long arm 2.1 of the feed structure 2, providing support for the feed structure 2.

[0047] The electric dipole arm 4 is divided into three sections along the E-plane. The center section of the arm 4 is the first electric dipole 4.1, and the left and right sections of the arm 4 are the second electric dipoles 4.2. The dipole metal patches are mirror-symmetric about the H-plane, and the resonant point can be tuned by adjusting the patch size. The second electric dipole 4.2 and the metal floor 1 are tilted to widen the antenna's H-plane beamwidth. A rectangular first notch 3.3 is defined at the top connection between the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the two second vertical metal patches 3.2 to improve impedance matching and expand bandwidth. The end of the first electric dipole 4.1 is bent downward at a 90° angle and extended to a fixed length to form the third electric dipole 4.3, which widens the antenna's operating band in the low-frequency range.

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the antenna structure loaded with a metasurface cladding structure. The metasurface cladding structure consists of periodic rectangular metal patches 5.2 printed on a dielectric plate 5.1. It is located at a certain height above the antenna, causing the antenna beam to become wider under the guiding effect of the metasurface.

[0049] Based on the operating principle of the Yagi antenna, a passive element slightly less than half a wavelength in length is placed near the active element. When the active element is directly fed, electromagnetic coupling excites an induced current in the passive element, radiating electromagnetic waves with the same phase as the original beam, thereby improving the directivity of the original beam. In this case, the passive element is called a director. Due to the coupling between the antenna and the metasurface, the patch acts as a director. Excited by the antenna's dipole arms, it becomes a secondary radiation source. The current in the patch resonates and radiates energy outward. The metasurface has a wider H-plane dimension, resulting in a wider HPBW (High Power Bandwidth) of the secondary radiation source in the far field.

[0050] At the same time, the addition of the metasurface cladding structure 5 can offset the terminal loading effect of the dipole antenna, significantly improving the antenna impedance matching. The metasurface cladding structure 5 has a guiding effect, which increases the antenna gain to a certain extent.

[0051] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the antenna and slots loaded with the metasurface cladding structure 5. A rectangular first slot 3.3 is provided at the top connection of the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the two second vertical metal patches 3.2. This first slot 3.3 is used to extend the current path, shifting the resonant frequency of the first electric dipole 4.1 and the second electric dipole 4.2 outside the operating frequency band, improving low-frequency impedance matching and widening the impedance bandwidth. The second slot 4.4, located at the intersection of the third electric dipole 4.3 and the second electric dipole 4.2, primarily facilitates antenna model fabrication and prevents short circuits during dipole arm fabrication.

[0052] In the present invention, the super-surface coating structure 5 is manufactured by using printed circuit board technology, and the dielectric plate 5.1 is made of Rogers RT / duroid 5870 plate with a relative dielectric constant of 2.33.

[0053] Figure 4 Figure 5 shows the variation of the H-plane HPBW of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna with the tilt angle θ when the metasurface cladding structure 5 is not loaded. It can be seen that when the tilt angle θ is 15°, the H-plane HPBW of the antenna is significantly widened, and the average HPBW increases by about 15°.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the H-plane HPBW of the antenna before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure 5. It can be seen that in the 2.8-4GHz frequency band, the H-plane HPBW of the antenna is significantly widened after loading the metasurface, with a maximum of 212°.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 (a) is the Poynting vector distribution diagram of the H-plane of the antenna at 3.5GHz before loading the metasurface cladding structure 5. Figure 6 (b) shows the Poynting vector distribution on the H-plane at 3.5 GHz after the antenna is loaded with the metasurface cladding structure 5. It can be observed that after loading the metasurface, the Poynting vector disperses from the top of the antenna to the sides, significantly widening the energy distribution range and achieving beam broadening.

[0056] Figure 7 The antenna reflection coefficient S before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure 5 is given 11 Comparing the figures, we can see that after loading the metasurface, the antenna achieves a relative impedance bandwidth of -15dB of 76%, in the range of 1.8-4GHz (S 11 <-15dB) frequency band, the impedance matching is good.

[0057] Figure 8 Figure 5 compares the antenna impedance before and after loading with the metasurface cladding structure 5. After loading the metasurface, the real part of the antenna impedance stabilizes at around 50Ω, while the imaginary part approaches 0Ω, with minimal fluctuation across the entire frequency band. This indicates that the terminal loading effect of the antenna is significantly reduced, effectively improving impedance matching.

[0058] Figure 9 Comparison of the antenna's axial gain before and after loading the metasurface cladding structure 5. Under the guidance of the metasurface cladding structure 5, the antenna's gain in the 1.7-2.8 GHz and 3.8-4 GHz frequency bands is improved, with the gain within the operating band being no less than 5 dBi, and the peak gain reaching 8.5 dBi.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application provides a magnetoelectric dipole antenna with wide bandwidth and wide beam characteristics, which completes antenna feeding based on an air microstrip line structure and solves the technical problem of narrow bandwidth and beam width of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna by loading a metasurface cladding structure 5.

[0060] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes a second electric dipole 4.2 and a metal ground plane 1 for adjusting the beam width of the antenna pattern. The tilt angle of the second electric dipole 4.2 and the metal ground plane 1 is adapted to the desired beam width of the antenna pattern. The tilt angle θ can be in the range of 5 to 20 degrees.

[0061] In some embodiments, a rectangular first notch 3.3 is provided at the top connection between the first vertical metal patch 3.1 and the two second vertical metal patches 3.2. The first notch 3.3 is used to extend the current path, improve the impedance matching of the antenna in the low-frequency band, and widen the impedance bandwidth. The size and shape of the first notch 3.3 are adapted to the required bandwidth. If the required bandwidth is narrow, the notch may not be provided.

[0062] In some embodiments, the invention further comprises periodic rectangular metal patches 5.2 printed on the dielectric plate metasurface structure 5. The invention can still achieve its objectives when the rectangular metal patches 5.2 have specific variations in variables such as unit size, placement height, number of rows, number of units per row, and unit spacing per row.

[0063] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 As shown, the long and short sections of the Γ-shaped meandering structure of the feed structure 2 are segmented and optimized. By segmenting and optimizing the thickness of the Γ-shaped feed line 2, the complexity of the feed structure can be further reduced while improving impedance matching.

[0064] The magnetoelectric dipole antenna proposed in this invention exhibits excellent broadband beam performance. The proposed metasurface cladding structure 5, applied above the antenna, increases its H-plane half-power beamwidth over a wide bandwidth. The metasurface cladding structure also improves the antenna's gain in low-frequency bands and some high-frequency bands, improving antenna impedance matching and achieving the antenna's excellent characteristics of broadband, wide beam, and high gain.

[0065] The wide-bandwidth magnetoelectric dipole antenna of this invention offers significant technical advantages and can play an important role in a variety of fields. Its wide bandwidth, wide beam, and high gain characteristics provide a more reliable and efficient solution for modern communications, radar, electronic countermeasures, satellite communications, and other systems.

[0066] With the development of 5G and future 6G communication technologies, the requirements for antenna performance are getting higher and higher, especially under the communication needs of high-frequency bands. The high-performance wide-bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention can effectively cover a wider frequency range, provide higher transmission rates and lower power consumption, thereby improving spectrum utilization and meeting high-speed data transmission needs. It is particularly suitable for application scenarios such as base stations, communication satellites and vehicle networks. In the military field, the performance of radar and electronic countermeasure systems is crucial to the grasp of battlefield situation. The wide beam, wide bandwidth and high gain characteristics of the antenna enable the present invention to provide radar systems with wider coverage and more accurate detection capabilities, especially in complex electromagnetic environments.

Claims

1. A wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating, characterized in that: The invention comprises a metal floor (1), an SMA connector (6) is fixedly arranged on the metal floor (1), the inner core of the SMA connector (6) is connected to a feeding structure (2) and is used to support the feeding structure (2); a magnetic dipole (3) is vertically symmetrically arranged on the metal floor (1), the top of the magnetic dipole (3) is connected to an electric dipole arm (4), and a super-surface coating structure (5) is loaded above the electric dipole arm (4).

2. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal floor (1) comprises inclined portions (1.2) symmetrically inclined downward at a certain angle θ with respect to both sides of the feed structure (2), and a horizontal portion (1.1) located in the middle, wherein the portion of the horizontal portion (1.1) connected to the antenna remains horizontal; vertical metal side walls (1.3) of a fixed height are provided around the metal floor (1); and the metal floor (1) presents a trapezoidal structure as a whole.

3. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding structure (2) is a Γ-shaped feeder, the feeding mode is a magnetoelectric dipole form, and the Γ-shaped feeder is coupled with the magnetic dipole (3) for feeding.

4. A wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The feeding structure (2) is a circuitous long-short structure, comprising a first vertical long arm (2.1), a parallel short arm (2.2), and a second vertical long arm (2.3) connected in sequence; the bottom end of the first vertical long arm (2.1) is connected to the inner core of an SMA connector (6) fixedly arranged on the metal floor (1); the top end of the first vertical long arm (2.1) is connected to one end of the parallel short arm (2.2); the other end of the parallel short arm (2.2) is connected to the top end of the second vertical long arm (2.3); the bottom end of the second vertical long arm (2.3) is suspended; the parallel short arm (2.2) of the feeding structure (2) is parallel to the metal floor (1); and the first vertical long arm (2.1) and the second vertical long arm (2.3) of the feeding structure (2) are both parallel to the magnetic dipole (3) and are used to guide energy to the magnetic dipole (3).

5. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic dipole (3) comprises a first vertical metal patch (3.1) vertically symmetrically arranged on a metal floor (1); second vertical metal patches (3.2) are vertically symmetrically connected to both sides of the first vertical metal patch (3.1); a rectangular first notch (3.3) is provided at the top connection of the first vertical metal patch (3.1) and the two second vertical metal patches (3.2); and the height difference between the first vertical metal patch (3.1) and the second vertical metal patches (3.2) is 2-4 mm.

6. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric dipole arm (4) comprises a first electric dipole (4.1), with second electric dipoles (4.2) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first electric dipole (4.1), one end of the first electric dipole (4.1) being vertically connected to the top of the first vertical metal patch (3.1), the other end of the first electric dipole (4.1) being bent downward by 90 degrees and extending for a fixed length to form a third electric dipole (4.3), one side edge of each of the two second electric dipoles (4.2) being respectively connected to the tops of the two second vertical metal patches (3.2), the first electric dipole (4.1) being higher than the second electric dipole (4.2), a rectangular second notch (4.4) being provided at a position where the second electric dipole (4.2) intersects with the third electric dipole (4.3), and a supersurface cladding structure (5) being loaded above the first electric dipole (4.1).

7. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both sides of the second electric dipole (4.2) are tilted downward, and the tilt angle is the same as the tilt angle θ of the tilted portion (1.2) of the metal floor (1); the tilt angle θ is 5 to 20 degrees.

8. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The super surface coating structure (5) consists of a dielectric plate (5.1) and periodic rectangular metal patches (5.2) printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate (5.1); the super surface coating structure (5) is located at a predetermined height of 3 to 6 cm above the electric dipole arm (4).

9. The wide bandwidth beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a metasurface coating according to claim 8, characterized in that: The longitudinal dimension of the rectangular metal patch (5.2) is equivalent to that of the antenna and smaller than its transverse dimension.

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