A new photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication

Abstract

The application discloses a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication, comprising a hardware module, a control module, a communication module and a service module, the hardware module is used for building a system material base, realizing electric energy conversion, signal coupling and equipment protection, the control module is used for realizing intelligent power regulation and communication control, and through a multi-modal algorithm, power generation efficiency is improved and communication stability is ensured, and the communication module is used for building a power line carrier communication system.The application adopts a special PLC framework for a direct-current low-voltage environment, can design a communication frequency band and an impedance matching scheme according to the characteristics of a photovoltaic direct-current side, forms a technical field distinction with an alternating-current power grid PLC patent, through double-mode MPPT dynamic switching, can break through the limitations of a single algorithm in a dynamic environment through the combination of local gradient prediction and distributed collaborative algorithm, and through passive impedance compensation technology, can be adaptively adjusted through a magnetic ring filter and a capacitor array, does not need an additional power supply module, and reduces hardware complexity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic optimizer technology, specifically a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power optimizers employ unique software algorithms to track the maximum power point of a single module in real time. Users can select different types of power optimizers based on the actual operating conditions of the photovoltaic system to address the problem of reduced power generation caused by shading, differences in module orientation, or inconsistent module degradation. This enables the maximum power output of a single module and online monitoring, thereby improving system efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, photovoltaic optimizers mostly use wireless or wired communication, which has the following drawbacks:

[0004] Wireless communication is susceptible to environmental interference and has poor signal stability; wired communication requires additional wiring, increasing system complexity and cost; existing optimizer communication protocols are complex, making it difficult to achieve rapid networking and plug-and-play functionality; the "weakest link" effect caused by shading, component aging, and other factors in photovoltaic strings makes it difficult for traditional optimizers to dynamically coordinate the operating points of each component. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the susceptibility of wireless communication to environmental interference and poor signal stability; the need for additional wiring in wired communication, which increases system complexity and cost; the complexity of existing optimizer communication protocols, which makes it difficult to achieve rapid networking and plug-and-play functionality; and the "barrel effect" caused by shading and component aging in photovoltaic strings, which makes it difficult for traditional optimizers to dynamically coordinate the operating points of each component.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication, comprising a hardware module, a control module, a communication module, and a service module. The hardware module is used to construct the system material foundation, realize power conversion, signal coupling, and equipment protection. The control module is used to realize intelligent power regulation and communication control, improve power generation efficiency and ensure communication stability through multi-modal algorithms. The communication module is used to construct a power line carrier communication system. The service module is used to provide multi-terminal interaction and data services.

[0007] The hardware module includes a magnetic module, which consists of a high-frequency ferrite inductor and a multilayer ceramic capacitor, used to suppress current / voltage ripple during power conversion.

[0008] The control module includes a core control module and a distributed collaborative module. The core control module comprises an illumination stabilization algorithm, a sudden change scenario algorithm, a pass-through compensation unit, and temperature compensation. The illumination stabilization algorithm employs an improved perturbation observation method, with the gradient prediction factor α dynamically adjusted (α = 0.3 ± 0.1). The sudden change scenario algorithm uses distributed model predictive control, collecting data from adjacent nodes every 50ms to predict the globally optimal operating point. The pass-through compensation unit uses a dual-closed-loop anti-interference algorithm: the inner loop compensates for modulation signal fluctuations, and the outer loop rapidly scans back the IV curve with a period of 20ms. Temperature compensation uses the following formula: The power correction, where T represents the real-time temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module after temperature compensation. This represents the maximum power point output power under conditions of 25℃ and 1000W / ㎡ illumination. The distributed collaborative module includes a self-organizing network protocol unit, a consensus algorithm unit, and a fault conclusion unit, which are used for the self-organizing collaborative work of multiple optimizers. The self-organizing network protocol unit uses spread spectrum handshake signals and time slot allocation algorithms to support conflict-free access of multiple devices. The consensus algorithm unit uses a distributed consensus algorithm to synchronize string current / voltage data every 100ms. The fault conclusion unit uses a signal routing reconstruction algorithm to bypass faulty nodes within 50ms, and the communication recovery time is <100ms.

[0009] Preferably, the hardware module also includes a power conversion module, a switching transistor driver module, an overvoltage protection module, a sensor acquisition module, a power management module, a data centralization module, a signal modulation module, and an over-temperature protection module.

[0010] Preferably, the power conversion module is used to convert the DC power output from the photovoltaic module into DC power suitable for grid connection or energy storage. At the same time, an improved two-switch parallel Buck topology is used to realize hardware multiplexing of power conversion and signal modulation, reduce ripple and support high-frequency modulation. The switch driver module is used to provide independent drive signals for the two silicon carbide MOSFETs, control their turn-on / turn-off timing, reduce switching losses, and amplify the modulation signal through the drive circuit.

[0011] Preferably, the overvoltage protection module is used to protect the optimizer from input-side surge voltage impacts. It employs a TVS diode array, which quickly conducts when the voltage exceeds the threshold to discharge surge capacity. The overtemperature protection module is used to prevent output-side short circuits or overload faults. It employs a fast-blow fuse, which melts within 5μs when the circuit is abnormal, cutting off the fault current and protecting the MOSFETs and inductors of the power conversion unit. The signal modulation module is used to superimpose control commands and communication signals. It employs a coupling resistor to input the signal to the output terminal of the PI controller and uses the action of the switching transistor to achieve the coupling transmission of the signal to the DC bus.

[0012] Preferably, the sensor acquisition module is used to monitor the status of the photovoltaic module in real time. It uses a voltage sensor to collect the input voltage, a current sensor to collect the output circuit, and a temperature sensor to monitor the module temperature, providing a basis for MPPT compensation. The power management module is used to power the internal circuit of the bit optimizer. The data centralization module is used as the string-level communication hub. It uses an ARM Cortex-M3 processor to demodulate the signal and convert the protocol, an LC bandpass filter to extract the communication signal, and a Wifi / 4G interface to upload the data to the cloud.

[0013] Preferably, the control module also includes a composite modulation control module, a parameter configuration module, a fault diagnosis module, and a safety protection module.

[0014] Preferably, the composite modulation control module uses dynamic adjustment of modulation depth, combines coherent demodulation algorithm with Kalman filter to improve noise suppression capability and reduce bit error rate, uses hardware filter and software notch filter to isolate frequency bands of 0-1kHz, 5-10kHz and above 60kHz, the parameter configuration module sets local configuration parameters through HMI or debug port, is equipped with OTA upgrade module, completes configuration update within 5 seconds after parameters are sent from cloud platform, the fault diagnosis module uses IV curve slope change detection to locate hot spot faults, and provides early warning of component aging through long-term trend analysis of maximum power point voltage.

[0015] Preferably, the communication module includes a composite modulation module, an anti-interference module, and a self-organizing network synchronization module. The composite modulation module uses a QDPSK modulator, a coherent demodulator, and a framing / framing module to decode and encode the signal and perform frame processing on the data. The anti-interference module uses a two-stage filter circuit combining a common-mode inductor and an LC bandpass filter to achieve a noise suppression ratio >40dB. It uses FFT spectrum analysis and adaptive pre-adjustment to suppress inverter switching noise and PI control noise. With CRC-16 checksum, each frame of data is supplemented with a check bit, improving the error correction capability by 50%. The self-organizing network synchronization module uses a dynamic time slot algorithm based on signal strength to avoid communication conflicts between multiple devices. It adopts a master-slave synchronization mechanism, with the data concentrator acting as the master node, broadcasting synchronization signals according to the time intervals set by the master node.

[0016] Preferably, the service module includes a monitoring module, an interaction module, and a data encryption module. The monitoring module is used to remotely view the system status, dynamically display component parameters 24 hours a day, and use a machine learning model to analyze power generation trends, loss sources, and equipment life prediction. It automatically generates fault isolated records and records fault codes, occurrence times, and location information. The interaction module uses a capacitive touchscreen to display the system topology diagram, real-time waveforms, and historical curves. It is controlled by buttons and touch. The data encryption module uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm to protect the security of communication data.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. In this invention, a dedicated PLC architecture for low-voltage DC environments is adopted. Communication frequency bands and impedance matching schemes can be designed for the characteristics of photovoltaic DC side, which distinguishes it from AC grid PLC patents in the technical field. Through dual-mode MPPT dynamic switching, it can overcome the limitations of a single algorithm in dynamic environments by combining local gradient prediction and distributed collaborative algorithms. With the help of passive impedance compensation technology, it can be adaptively adjusted through magnetic ring filters and capacitor arrays without the need for additional power supply modules, thus reducing hardware complexity.

[0019] 2. In this invention, by employing power / signal composite modulation multiplexing power control, a separate communication module is eliminated, reducing hardware costs by 40% and halving construction time. Through multi-mode MPPT algorithm and direct-through mode compensation, power generation can be increased by 18% in complex scenarios, achieving an efficiency of over 98.5%. Furthermore, through dedicated frequency band isolation and fault diagnosis mechanisms, the bit error rate is reduced to 3.1 × 10⁻⁶. -5 The following features include a communication success rate greater than 99%, plug-and-play self-organizing network and wide-temperature protection design, making it suitable for old rooftops, with installation time reduced to 30 minutes per unit, and lifespan extended to 15 years. Through distributed consensus algorithm, the power rebalancing time in multi-component mismatch scenarios can be less than 300ms, string current balance is 99.2%, and through fast shutdown and intelligent diagnosis, fault current is cut off within 10ms, reducing fault location time to 5 minutes. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a system diagram of the hardware modules in a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a system diagram of the control module in a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a system diagram of the communication module in a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a system diagram of the service module in a novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to the present invention.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Hardware module; 11. Power conversion module; 12. Switch driver module; 13. Magnetic module; 14. Overvoltage protection module; 15. Sensor acquisition module; 16. Power management module; 17. Data centralization module; 18. Signal modulation module; 19. Over-temperature protection module;

[0027] 2. Control Module; 21. Core Control Module; 22. Composite Modulation Control Module; 23. Distributed Coordination Module; 24. Parameter Configuration Module; 25. Fault Diagnosis Module; 26. Safety Protection Module;

[0028] 3. Communication module; 31. Composite modulation module; 32. Anti-interference module; 33. Self-organizing network synchronization module;

[0029] 4. Service module; 41. Monitoring module; 42. Interaction module; 43. Data encryption module. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example: Refer to Figures 1-5 As shown: A novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication includes a hardware module 1, a control module 2, a communication module 3, and a service module 4. The hardware module 1 is used to build the system material foundation, realize power conversion, signal coupling, and equipment protection. The control module 2 is used to realize intelligent power regulation and communication control, improve power generation efficiency and ensure communication stability through multi-modal algorithms. The communication module 3 is used to build a power line carrier communication system. The service module 4 is used to provide multi-terminal interaction and data services.

[0032] Hardware module 1 includes magnetic module 13, which includes a high-frequency ferrite inductor and a multilayer ceramic capacitor to suppress current / voltage ripple during power conversion and ensure stable power output during signal modulation.

[0033] Control module 2 includes a core control module 21 and a distributed coordination module 23. The core control module 21 includes an illumination stabilization algorithm, a sudden change scenario algorithm, a pass-through compensation unit, and temperature compensation. The illumination stabilization algorithm uses an improved perturbation observation method, with the gradient prediction factor α dynamically adjusted (α = 0.3 ± 0.1). The sudden change scenario algorithm uses distributed model predictive control, collecting data from adjacent nodes every 50ms to predict the globally optimal operating point. The pass-through compensation unit uses a dual-closed-loop anti-interference algorithm, with the inner loop compensating for modulation signal fluctuations and the outer loop rapidly scanning the IV curve with a period of 20ms. Temperature compensation uses the following formula: The power correction, where T represents the real-time temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module after temperature compensation. This indicates the maximum power point output power under conditions of 25℃ and 1000W / ㎡ illumination. The distributed collaborative module 23 includes a self-organizing network protocol unit, a consensus algorithm unit, and a fault conclusion unit, which are used for the self-organizing collaborative work of multiple optimizers. The self-organizing network protocol unit uses spread spectrum handshake signals and time slot allocation algorithms to support conflict-free access of multiple devices. The consensus algorithm unit uses a distributed consensus algorithm to synchronize string current / voltage data every 100ms. The fault conclusion unit uses a signal routing reconstruction algorithm to bypass faulty nodes within 50ms, and the communication recovery time is <100ms.

[0034] The communication module 3 includes a composite modulation module 31, an anti-interference module 32, and a self-organizing network synchronization module 33. The composite modulation module 31 uses a QDPSK modulator, a coherent demodulator, and a framing / framing module to decode and encode the signal and perform frame processing on the data. The anti-interference module 32 uses a two-stage filter circuit combining a common-mode inductor and an LC bandpass filter to achieve a noise suppression ratio >40dB. It uses FFT spectrum analysis and adaptive pre-adjustment to suppress inverter switching noise and PI control noise. With CRC-16 checksum, each frame of data is supplemented with a check bit, improving the error correction capability by 50%. The self-organizing network synchronization module 33 uses a dynamic time slot algorithm based on signal strength to avoid communication conflicts between multiple devices. It adopts a master-slave synchronization mechanism, with the data concentrator acting as the master node, broadcasting synchronization signals according to the time intervals set by the master node. This design adopts a dedicated PLC architecture for low-voltage DC environments, which can design communication frequency bands and impedance matching schemes for the characteristics of photovoltaic DC side, thus differentiating itself from AC grid PLC patents in the technical field. Through dual-mode MPPT dynamic switching, it can overcome the limitations of single algorithms in dynamic environments by combining local gradient prediction with distributed collaborative algorithms. With passive impedance compensation technology, it can adaptively adjust through magnetic ring filters and capacitor arrays without the need for additional power supply modules, reducing hardware complexity.

[0035] Hardware module 1 also includes a power conversion module 11, a switching transistor drive module 12, an overvoltage protection module 14, a sensor acquisition module 15, a power management module 16, a data centralization module 17, a signal modulation module 18, and an over-temperature protection module 19. The power conversion module 11 converts the DC power output from the photovoltaic module into DC power suitable for grid connection or energy storage. It employs an improved two-switch parallel Buck topology to achieve hardware multiplexing of power conversion and signal modulation, reducing ripple and supporting high-frequency modulation. The switching transistor drive module 12 provides independent drive signals to two silicon carbide MOSFETs, controlling their on / off timing to reduce switching losses. Through the drive circuit, it amplifies the modulation signal, enabling collinear transmission of signal and power. The overvoltage protection module 14 protects the optimizer from input-side surge voltage impacts. It uses a TVS diode array to quickly conduct when the voltage exceeds a threshold, dissipating surge capacity and preventing damage to subsequent circuits. The over-temperature protection module 19... The protection module 19 is used to prevent short circuits or overload faults on the output side. It uses a fast-acting fuse that melts within 5μs when the circuit is abnormal, cutting off the fault current and protecting the MOSFETs and inductors of the power conversion unit. The signal modulation module 18 is used to superimpose control commands and communication signals. It uses a coupling resistor to input the signal to the output of the PI controller and uses the action of the switching transistor to realize the coupling transmission of the signal to the DC bus without the need for an additional modulation chip. The sensor acquisition module 15 is used to monitor the status of the photovoltaic module in real time. It uses a voltage sensor to collect the input voltage, a current sensor to collect the output circuit, and a temperature sensor to monitor the module temperature, providing a basis for MPPT compensation. The power management module 16 is used to power the internal circuit of the bit optimizer. The data concentration module 17 is used as a string-level communication hub. It uses an ARM Cortex-M3 processor to demodulate the signal and convert the protocol, an LC bandpass filter to extract the communication signal, and a Wi-Fi / 4G interface to upload the data to the cloud.

[0036] Control module 2 also includes a composite modulation control module 22, a parameter configuration module 24, a fault diagnosis module 25, and a safety protection module 26. The composite modulation control module 22 adopts dynamic adjustment of modulation depth and combines a coherent demodulation algorithm with a Kalman filter to improve noise suppression capability and reduce bit error rate. It uses a combination of hardware filters and software notch filters to isolate the frequency bands of 0-1kHz, 5-10kHz, and above 60kHz. The parameter configuration module 24 sets local configuration parameters through HMI or debug port and is equipped with an OTA upgrade module. After the cloud platform sends parameters, the configuration is updated within 5 seconds. The fault diagnosis module 25 uses IV curve slope change detection to locate hot spot faults and provides early warning of component aging through long-term trend analysis of maximum power point voltage.

[0037] Service module 4 includes monitoring module 41 and data encryption module 43. Monitoring module 41 is used to remotely view the system status, dynamically display component parameters 24 hours a day, use machine learning models to analyze power generation trends, loss sources and equipment life prediction, automatically generate fault isolated records, and record fault codes, occurrence time and location information. Data encryption module 43 uses AES-128 encryption algorithm to protect the security of communication data.

[0038] In this invention, by employing power / signal composite modulation multiplexing power control, a separate communication module is eliminated, reducing the hardware cost by 40%.

[0039] By halving the operating time and employing a multimodal MPPT algorithm and direct-mode compensation, power generation can be increased by 18% in complex scenarios, achieving an efficiency of over 98.5%. Furthermore, through dedicated frequency band isolation and fault diagnosis mechanisms, the bit error rate is reduced to 3.1 × 10⁻⁶. -5 The following features include a communication success rate greater than 99%, plug-and-play self-organizing network and wide-temperature protection design, making it suitable for old rooftops, with installation time reduced to 30 minutes per unit, and lifespan extended to 15 years. Through distributed consensus algorithm, the power rebalancing time in multi-component mismatch scenarios can be less than 300ms, string current balance is 99.2%, and through fast shutdown and intelligent diagnosis, fault current is cut off within 10ms, reducing fault location time to 5 minutes.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication, characterized in that, It includes a hardware module (1), a control module (2), a communication module (3), and a service module (4). The hardware module (1) is used to build the system material foundation, realize power conversion, signal coupling and equipment protection. The control module (2) is used to realize intelligent power regulation and communication control, improve power generation efficiency and ensure communication stability through multi-modal algorithms. The communication module (3) is used to build a power line carrier communication system. The service module (4) is used to provide multi-terminal interaction and data services. The hardware module (1) includes a magnetic module (13), which includes a high-frequency ferrite inductor and a multilayer ceramic capacitor to suppress current / voltage ripple during power conversion. The control module (2) includes a core control module (21) and a distributed collaborative module (23). The core control module (21) includes an illumination stabilization algorithm, a sudden change scenario algorithm, a pass-through compensation unit, and temperature compensation. The illumination stabilization algorithm adopts an improved perturbation observation method, with the gradient prediction factor α dynamically adjusted (α=0.3±0.1). The sudden change scenario algorithm adopts distributed model predictive control, collecting data from adjacent nodes every 50ms to predict the global optimal operating point. The pass-through compensation unit adopts a dual closed-loop anti-interference algorithm, with the inner loop compensating for modulation signal fluctuations and the outer loop rapidly scanning the IV curve with a period of 20ms. Temperature compensation uses the following formula: The power correction, where T represents the real-time temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module after temperature compensation. The maximum power point output power is indicated under the conditions of 25℃ and 1000W / ㎡ illumination. The distributed collaborative module (23) includes a self-organizing network protocol unit, a consensus algorithm unit and a fault conclusion unit, which are used for the self-organizing collaborative work of multiple optimizers. The self-organizing network protocol unit uses spread spectrum handshake signal and time slot allocation algorithm to cooperate and support multiple devices to access without conflict. The consensus algorithm unit uses a distributed consensus algorithm to synchronize the serial current / voltage data every 100ms. The fault conclusion unit uses a signal routing reconstruction algorithm to bypass the fault node within 50ms and the communication recovery time is <100ms.

2. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware module (1) also includes a power conversion module (11), a switching transistor drive module (12), an overvoltage protection module (14), a sensor acquisition module (15), a power management module (16), a data centralization module (17), a signal modulation module (18), and an over-temperature protection module (19).

3. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power conversion module (11) is used to convert the DC power output from the photovoltaic module into DC power suitable for grid connection or energy storage. At the same time, it adopts an improved two-switch parallel Buck topology to realize hardware multiplexing of power conversion and signal modulation, reduce ripple and support high-frequency modulation. The switch drive module (12) is used to provide independent drive signals for the two silicon carbide MOSFETs, control their turn-on / turn-off timing, reduce switching losses, and amplify the modulation signal through the drive circuit.

4. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overvoltage protection module (14) is used to protect the optimizer from input-side surge voltage impact. It adopts a TVS array and quickly conducts when the voltage exceeds the threshold to discharge the surge capacity. The overtemperature protection module (19) is used to prevent output-side short circuit or overload faults. It adopts a fast fuse that melts within 5μs when the circuit is abnormal, cuts off the fault current, and protects the MOSFET and inductor of the power conversion unit. The signal modulation module (18) is used to superimpose control commands and communication signals. It adopts a coupling resistor to input the signal to the output terminal of the PI controller and uses the action of the switching tube to realize the coupling transmission of the signal to the DC bus.

5. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor acquisition module (15) is used to monitor the status of photovoltaic modules in real time. It uses a voltage sensor to collect the input voltage, a current sensor to collect the output circuit, and a temperature sensor to monitor the module temperature, providing a basis for MPPT compensation. The power management module (16) is used to power the internal circuit of the bit optimizer. The data centralization module (17) is used as a string-level communication hub. It uses an ARM Cortex-M3 processor to demodulate the signal and convert the protocol, an LC bandpass filter to extract the communication signal, and a Wifi / 4g interface to upload the data to the cloud.

6. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (2) also includes a composite modulation control module (22), a parameter configuration module (24), a fault diagnosis module (25), and a safety protection module (26).

7. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite modulation control module (22) adopts dynamic adjustment of modulation depth and combines coherent demodulation algorithm with Kalman filter to improve noise suppression capability and reduce bit error rate. It uses hardware filter and software notch filter to isolate the frequency bands of 0-1kHz, 5-10kHz and greater than 60kHz. The parameter configuration module (24) sets local configuration parameters through debugging equipment or gateway. It is equipped with OTA upgrade module and completes configuration update within 5s after the cloud platform sends parameters. The fault diagnosis module (25) adopts IV curve slope change detection to locate hot spot faults and provides early warning of component aging through long-term trend analysis of maximum power point voltage.

8. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module (3) includes a composite modulation module (31), an anti-interference module (32), and a self-organizing network synchronization module (33). The composite modulation module (31) uses a QDPSK modulator, a coherent demodulator, and a frame / framing module to decode and encode the signal and perform frame processing on the data. The anti-interference module (32) uses a two-stage filter circuit combining a common-mode inductor and an LC bandpass filter to achieve a noise suppression ratio >40dB. It uses FFT spectrum analysis and adaptive pre-adjustment to suppress inverter switching noise and PI control noise. With CRC-16 checksum, each frame of data is supplemented with a check bit, improving the error correction capability by 50%. The self-organizing network synchronization module (33) uses a dynamic time slot algorithm based on signal strength to avoid communication conflicts between multiple devices. It adopts a master-slave synchronization mechanism, with the data concentrator as the master node, broadcasting synchronization signals according to the time interval set by the master node.

9. The novel photovoltaic optimizer based on PLC communication according to claim 8, characterized in that: The service module (4) includes a monitoring module (41), an interaction module (42), and a data encryption module (43). The monitoring module (41) is used to remotely view the system status, dynamically display component parameters 24 hours a day, use a machine learning model to analyze power generation trends, loss sources and equipment life prediction, automatically generate fault isolated records, and record fault codes, occurrence time and location information. The interaction module (42) uses a capacitive screen to display the system topology diagram, real-time waveforms and historical curves, and uses a keypad and touch screen for control. The data encryption module (43) uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm to protect the security of communication data.

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