Apparatus and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a device and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire, which comprises a shell, feed-in ports and feed-out ports are arranged on the two sides of the shell, a welding mechanism is installed on the inner top of the shell, first upper conveying belts for driving quartz rods to roll forward and second upper conveying belts for driving sapphire rods to roll forward are arranged on the two sides of the welding mechanism; traditional welding needs manual multiple taking and transferring of workpieces, which is prone to surface pollution and collision damage, and the process is complicated; according to the scheme, the whole process of feeding, cleaning, positioning, welding and discharging is integrated in the shell, all operations are completed in the closed shell from feeding to discharging of the workpieces, manual intervention is not needed, pollution and damage caused by manual transfer are avoided from the root, meanwhile, the welding period of a single workpiece is greatly shortened, and the large-scale industrial production demand is met.

Description

An apparatus and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, and specifically to an apparatus and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of optics, semiconductors and precision instrument manufacturing, quartz materials are widely used due to their excellent light transmittance, chemical stability and high temperature resistance, while sapphire materials are widely used due to their high hardness, good mechanical strength and optical transmittance. In actual production, it is often necessary to connect quartz rods and sapphire rods to meet specific structural and functional requirements. Laser welding technology has become an important means of connecting quartz rods and sapphire rods due to its advantages such as high welding precision and small heat-affected zone.

[0003] However, when using laser welding technology to weld quartz rods and sapphire rods, the areas to be welded on both rods must be thoroughly cleaned before welding to remove surface oil, dust, and other impurities, thus avoiding affecting the welding quality. After cleaning, the quartz rods and sapphire rods must be removed from the cleaning device and then clamped and fixed using special fixtures to ensure the relative positional accuracy of the two during welding. Only after fixing can the laser welding operation be performed. After welding, the welded product must be removed from the fixtures.

[0004] In this process, the quartz and sapphire rods need to be picked up and transferred multiple times, which not only increases the number of operation steps and labor costs, but also may cause the workpiece surface to be contaminated again due to improper operation during the handling process, or cause damage to the workpiece due to collision and friction, further affecting the welding quality and product qualification rate. At the same time, the frequent handling and transfer operations also greatly prolong the welding cycle of a single workpiece, reduce the overall production efficiency, and make it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial production. Therefore, an ultrafast laser welding device and method for quartz and sapphire is proposed to simplify the operation process, reduce the number of workpiece handlings, and improve welding efficiency and welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides an apparatus and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire, which simplifies the operation process, reduces the number of workpiece handling operations, and improves welding efficiency and welding quality.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is an apparatus and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire, including a housing, with an inlet and an outlet distributed on both sides of the housing. A welding mechanism is installed on the top inner side of the housing. A first upper conveyor belt and a second upper conveyor belt for driving a quartz rod to roll forward are respectively provided on both sides of the welding mechanism. A first lower conveyor belt supporting the quartz rod is provided below the first upper conveyor belt, and a second lower conveyor belt supporting the sapphire rod is provided below the second upper conveyor belt. When the first upper conveyor belt and the first lower conveyor belt rotate in the same direction, they drive the quartz rod to rotate. When the second upper conveyor belt and the second lower conveyor belt rotate in the same direction, they drive the sapphire rod to rotate. A cleaning component for cleaning the quartz rod and the sapphire rod is provided inside the housing. A positioning structure for pressing and contacting the ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod is provided inside the housing.

[0007] Specifically, the positioning structure includes movable plates disposed on both sides inside the housing. Each of the two sets of movable plates has a sliding groove on the side that is close to each other. A sliding seat is slidably connected in the sliding groove. A rotating ring is rotatably connected on the side of the sliding seat away from the movable plate. An elastic plate is fixedly connected on the side of the rotating ring away from the movable plate. A first cylinder is fixedly connected between the movable plate and the housing.

[0008] Specifically, a horizontally arranged fixing rod is provided on the side of the slide away from the moving plate, a fixing block is provided at one end of the fixing rod, an opening is provided on the side of the fixing block near the fixing rod, the fixing rod passes through the opening and is located in the opening, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the fixing block and the slide.

[0009] An arc-shaped positioning plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed block. A horizontally arranged second cylinder is installed on the side of the moving plate away from the feed inlet. The output end of the second cylinder is pressed against one side of the slide. The second cylinder is connected to the first cylinder through a pipeline.

[0010] Specifically, the fixed rod is provided with a spiral guide groove at the end away from the slide block, a guide block corresponding to the spiral guide groove is provided inside the opening, and a horizontally arranged extrusion rod is provided on the side of the fixed block away from the hole, with a ball bearing at the end of the extrusion rod;

[0011] Several sets of extrusion blocks are provided on the side of the first lower conveyor belt and the second lower conveyor belt that are far apart from each other. One side of each extrusion block is provided with a wedge-shaped surface, which corresponds to the ball bearing.

[0012] Specifically, the outer side of the housing is provided with a positioning hole corresponding to the movable plate, and a horizontally arranged positioning rod is provided on one side of the movable plate. One end of the positioning rod passes through the positioning hole and is slidably connected to the positioning hole.

[0013] Specifically, the inner sides of both ends of the first upper conveyor belt, the first lower conveyor belt, the second upper conveyor belt, and the second lower conveyor belt are respectively provided with horizontally arranged drive rollers and rotating rollers. The outer side of the housing is provided with a drive motor corresponding to the drive roller. The output end of the drive motor passes through the housing and is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding drive roller. Several sets of auxiliary rollers are provided between the drive roller and the rotating roller. The auxiliary roller and the rotating roller are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing through rotating bearings.

[0014] Specifically, the fixed end of the first cylinder is connected to an adjustable pressure relief valve, which is connected to a pneumatic switch via a pipeline. The pneumatic switch is used to drive the drive motors of the first and second lower conveyor belts.

[0015] Specifically, the cleaning assembly includes several sets of first spray bars, second spray bars, third spray bars, and air cleaning bars vertically arranged on the inner wall of the housing. The lower ends of the first spray bars, second spray bars, and third spray bars are all connected to duckbill water outlets. The first spray bars, second spray bars, third spray bars, and air cleaning bars are all located between the first upper conveyor belt and the second upper conveyor belt. The upper surface of the housing is provided with several sets of connecting joints corresponding to the first spray bars, second spray bars, third spray bars, and air cleaning bars. The first spray bar is connected to isopropanol through the connecting joint, the second spray bar is connected to dilute nitric acid through the connecting joint, the third spray bar is connected to deionized water through the connecting joint, and the air cleaning bar is connected to nitrogen through the connecting joint.

[0016] The bottom of the inner side of the housing is provided with an upward-opening recycling bin. The recycling bin is divided into several collection frames by several sets of vertically arranged partitions. The collection frames correspond to the lower ends of the first spray bar, the second spray bar and the third spray bar, respectively.

[0017] Specifically, an electrical control box is provided on the outside of the housing.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The device for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire described in this invention addresses the traditional welding process which requires multiple manual handling and transfer of workpieces, easily leading to surface contamination and collision damage, and is also cumbersome. This solution integrates the entire process of feeding, cleaning, positioning, welding, and unloading within a housing. The workpiece completes all operations within the closed housing from feeding to unloading, eliminating the need for manual intervention. This fundamentally avoids contamination and damage caused by manual handling, while significantly shortening the welding cycle of a single workpiece, meeting the needs of large-scale industrial production.

[0020] 2. The device for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire described in this invention addresses the common problems of uneven welding and poor sealing in traditional welding methods, which are often performed at fixed points. This solution uses a conveyor belt to drive the rod to rotate, and a positioning structure is used to achieve precise docking. The positioning structure uses an elastic plate, a first cylinder, and a second cylinder to push the ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod into contact. At the same time, the first upper conveyor belt, the first lower conveyor belt, the second upper conveyor belt, and the second lower conveyor belt rotate in the same direction, driving the quartz rod and the sapphire rod to rotate in place. The welding mechanism performs continuous welding on the rotating contact circumference.

[0021] 3. The device for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire described in this invention automatically triggers the first cylinder to push the moving plate to complete the docking when the workpiece contacts the arc-shaped positioning plate through the gas linkage of the fixing block, the return spring, and the cylinder. After welding, the extrusion block cooperates with the ball bearing to drive the arc-shaped positioning plate to rotate and remove the material through the spiral guide groove. The return spring automatically resets. No additional sensors or control system are required. The positioning, welding, and material removal are automatically connected through mechanical structure and pneumatic linkage, which reduces the complexity of the equipment and the failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of region A in Figure 1;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first upper conveyor belt and the second upper conveyor belt of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the drive roller, rotating roller and auxiliary roller of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is an enlarged view of region B in Figure 5;

[0030] Figure 8 is an isometric view of the positioning structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fixing block of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 is an enlarged view of region C in Figure 9;

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Inlet; 3. Outlet; 4. Welding mechanism; 5. First upper conveyor belt; 6. Second upper conveyor belt; 7. First lower conveyor belt; 8. Second lower conveyor belt; 9. Moving plate; 10. Slide groove; 11. Slide seat; 12. Rotating ring; 13. Elastic plate; 14. First cylinder; 15. Fixed rod; 16. Fixed block; 17. Opening; 18. Return spring; 19. Arc-shaped positioning plate; 20. Second cylinder; 21. Spiral 21. Guide groove; 22. Guide block; 23. Extrusion rod; 24. Ball bearing; 25. Extrusion block; 26. Wedge-shaped surface; 27. Positioning hole; 28. Positioning rod; 29. ​​Drive roller; 30. Rotating roller; 31. Drive motor; 32. Auxiliary roller; 33. Adjustable pressure relief valve; 34. First spray bar; 35. Second spray bar; 36. Third spray bar; 37. Connecting joint; 38. Air blowing cleaning bar; 39. Recycling box; 40. Partition plate; 41. Electrical control box. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] To simplify the operation process, reduce the number of workpiece handling operations, and improve welding efficiency and quality, as an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, an apparatus and method for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire according to the present invention includes a housing 1. An inlet 2 and an outlet 3 are distributed on both sides of the housing 1. A welding mechanism 4 is installed on the top inner side of the housing 1. A first upper conveyor belt 5 and a second upper conveyor belt 6, respectively, are provided on both sides of the welding mechanism 4 to drive a quartz rod to roll forward and to drive a sapphire rod to roll forward. A first lower conveyor belt 7 supporting the quartz rod is provided below the first upper conveyor belt 5, and a second lower conveyor belt 8 supporting the sapphire rod is provided below the second upper conveyor belt 6. When the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7 rotate in the same direction, they drive the quartz rod to rotate. When the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 rotate in the same direction, they drive the sapphire rod to rotate. A cleaning component for cleaning the quartz rod and the sapphire rod is provided inside the housing 1. A positioning structure is provided inside the housing 1 to press and contact the ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod, respectively.

[0036] In use, the quartz rod and sapphire rod to be welded are placed into the housing 1 through the feed ports 2 on both sides of the housing 1. The quartz rod is placed between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7, and the sapphire rod is placed between the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8. It is necessary to ensure that the end of the quartz rod to be welded and the end of the sapphire rod to be welded are located in the area between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6, respectively, to prepare for subsequent welding alignment.

[0037] After the device is started, the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6 begin to work. When the first upper conveyor belt 5 rotates, it drives the quartz rod to roll forward. When the second upper conveyor belt 6 rotates, it drives the sapphire rod to roll forward synchronously. During the forward rolling of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod, the cleaning component inside the housing 1 will thoroughly clean the welding parts of the two sets of rods. Through the action of the cleaning component, oil, dust, impurities and other contaminants on the surface of the welding parts can be effectively removed, so as to avoid these contaminants affecting the welding quality during the welding process.

[0038] When the quartz rod and sapphire rod roll to a certain position, the positioning structure starts to work. The positioning structure squeezes the ends of the quartz rod and sapphire rod away from the welding end, respectively. Under the action of the squeezing force, the quartz rod and sapphire rod are pushed closer to each other. As the positioning structure continues to work, the ends of the two sets of rods to be welded gradually approach and finally make precise contact, achieving precise docking before welding. At this time, the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, the second upper conveyor belt 6, and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are simultaneously turned on. Since the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7 are rotating in the same direction... This causes the quartz rod to stop moving forward and instead rotate in place between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7; the sapphire rod also rotates in place under the same direction of rotation of the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8; during the continuous rotation of the two sets of rods, the welding mechanism 4 at the top of the housing 1 is activated to perform laser welding on the contact area of ​​the rotating quartz rod and the sapphire rod. Since the rods are rotating, the welding mechanism 4 can perform uniform and continuous welding on the contact circumference of the two, ensuring the sealing and firmness of the weld and greatly improving the welding quality.

[0039] After welding is completed, the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are shut down, leaving only the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6 to continue operating. At this time, the first upper conveyor belt 5 alone drives the welded rod to roll forward through friction, while the second upper conveyor belt 6 works in sync, jointly driving the rod towards the discharge port 3 of the housing 1, and finally sending it out from the discharge port 3. Throughout the entire process, from feeding to discharging after welding, the quartz rod and sapphire rod complete a series of operations such as conveying, cleaning, positioning, and welding within the housing 1. This eliminates the need for frequent manual handling and transfer, which not only simplifies the operation process and reduces labor costs, but also avoids the problem of workpiece surface contamination or collision damage that may occur during handling and transfer, effectively improving welding efficiency and product qualification rate.

[0040] For example, as shown in Figures 3, 5, 7, and 8, the present invention further includes a positioning structure comprising movable plates 9 disposed on both sides inside the housing 1. Each of the two sets of movable plates 9 having a sliding groove 10 on the side that is close to each other, a sliding seat 11 being slidably connected in the sliding groove 10, a rotating ring 12 being rotatably connected on the side of the sliding seat 11 away from the movable plate 9, an elastic plate 13 being fixedly connected on the side of the rotating ring 12 away from the movable plate 9, and a first cylinder 14 being fixedly connected between the movable plate 9 and the housing 1.

[0041] When in use, after the quartz rod and sapphire rod move in the housing 1 and the cleaning component completes the cleaning operation, they continue to roll forward to the position corresponding to the positioning structure. At this time, the first cylinder 14 starts to work, the output end of the first cylinder 14 extends, and under the thrust of the output end of the first cylinder 14, the two sets of moving plates 9 move in the direction close to the quartz rod and sapphire rod. When the moving plates 9 move, the rotating ring 12 and the elastic plate 13 move together with the slide 11 towards the quartz rod and sapphire rod.

[0042] When the moving plate 9 moves to a specific position, the elastic plate 13 on one side of the moving plate 9 presses against the end of the quartz rod away from the end to be welded, and the elastic plate 13 on the other side of the moving plate 9 presses against the end of the sapphire rod away from the end to be welded. As the first cylinder 14 continues to push the moving plate 9 to move, the pressing force of the elastic plate 13 on the quartz rod and the sapphire rod gradually increases. Under the action of the pressing force, the quartz rod and the sapphire rod are pushed closer to each other.

[0043] As the moving plate 9 continues to move, the end of the quartz rod to be welded gradually approaches and eventually contacts the end of the sapphire rod to be welded, achieving the pre-welding connection. At this point, the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, and the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are activated. Relying on the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7 rotating in the same direction, the quartz rod maintains its rotation in place between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7. Similarly, under the action of the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 rotating in the same direction, the sapphire rod also maintains its rotation in place. During the continuous rotation of the quartz rod, the welding mechanism 4 is activated to perform laser welding on the contact area between the two rods, thereby completing the welding operation. During this process, the coordinated action of the moving plate 9, the slide block 11, the rotating ring 12, and the elastic plate 13 driven by the first cylinder 14 can accurately push the quartz rod and the sapphire rod to achieve end docking, ensuring the accuracy of the welding position. At the same time, the setting of the rotating ring 12 ensures that the contact between the elastic plate 13 and the end of the rod does not affect the rotation of the rod when the rod is rotating for welding, ensuring the smooth progress of the welding process and improving the welding quality.

[0044] For example, as shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the present invention further includes a horizontally arranged fixing rod 15 on the side of the slide block 11 away from the moving plate 9, a fixing block 16 at one end of the fixing rod 15, an opening 17 on the side of the fixing block 16 near the fixing rod 15, the fixing rod 15 passing through the opening 17 and located inside the opening 17, and a return spring 18 fixedly connected between the fixing block 16 and the slide block 11;

[0045] An arc-shaped positioning plate 19 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed block 16. A horizontally arranged second cylinder 20 is installed on the side of the moving plate 9 away from the feed port 2. The output end of the second cylinder 20 is pressed into contact with one side of the slide 11. The second cylinder 20 is connected to the first cylinder 14 through a pipeline.

[0046] During use, after the quartz rod and sapphire rod have completed cleaning within the housing 1, as the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6 continue to drive forward, the end of the quartz rod furthest from the end to be welded contacts the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 near the feed inlet 2, and the end of the sapphire rod furthest from the end to be welded contacts the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 on the other side. Under the pressure, the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 begins to move, and as it moves, it drives the fixing block 16 to move synchronously. The fixing block 16, through the fixing rod 15, drives the slide block 11 to slide within the slide groove 10 of the moving plate 9. As the slide block 11 moves, it presses the output end of the horizontally positioned second cylinder 20, compressing the second cylinder 20. Since the second cylinder 20 is connected to the first cylinder 14 through a pipeline, the gas in the second cylinder 20 is transported to the first cylinder 14 during the compression process. A cylinder 14 extends its output end. Driven by the output end of the first cylinder 14, the moving plate 9 begins to move towards the quartz rod and the sapphire rod. As the moving plate 9 moves, the elastic plate 13 connected to the rotating ring 12 on the slide block 11 moves synchronously. When the elastic plate 13 moves to a certain position, it presses against the ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod respectively. The quartz rod and the sapphire rod are pushed closer to each other, so that the ends to be welded gradually come into contact. When the two sets of rods move to a specific position, that is, after the ends to be welded of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod are precisely aligned, the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are turned on to drive the quartz rod and the sapphire rod to rotate in place. During the rotation, the welding mechanism 4 is used to perform welding operations on the contact parts, which facilitates the welding positioning operation of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod, and improves the processing efficiency and processing convenience.

[0047] For example, as shown in Figures 6, 8, 9 and 10, the present invention further includes a spiral guide groove 21 at the end of the fixing rod 15 away from the slide block 11, a guide block 22 corresponding to the spiral guide groove 21 at the inner side of the opening 17, and a horizontally arranged extrusion rod 23 at the side of the fixing block 16 away from the opening 17, with a ball bearing 24 at the end of the extrusion rod 23.

[0048] On the side of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 that are far apart, there are several sets of extrusion blocks 25. One side of the extrusion block 25 is provided with a wedge-shaped surface 26, which corresponds to the ball bearing 24.

[0049] When in use, when the moving plate 9 moves towards the quartz rod and sapphire rod under the drive of the first cylinder 14, the fixed rod 15 connected to the slide 11 and the return spring 18 sleeved on the fixed rod 15 move synchronously. The end of the fixed rod 15 away from the slide 11 is connected to the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 through the fixed block 16. Therefore, the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 also moves towards the side of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8. After the ends of the quartz rod and sapphire rod to be welded are precisely connected under the squeezing action of the elastic plate 13, the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are turned on to drive the quartz rod and sapphire rod to rotate in place. During the rotation, the welding mechanism 4 is used to perform welding operations on the contact parts.

[0050] As the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 rotate, the extrusion block 25 will come into contact with the ball bearing 24 at the end of the extrusion rod 23. Under the action of the wedge-shaped surface 26 of the extrusion block 25, the ball bearing 24 is subjected to extrusion force, which drives the extrusion rod 23 to move closer to the fixed block 16. The movement of the extrusion rod 23 drives the fixed block 16 to move synchronously. During the movement, the fixed block 16 extrudes the return spring 18, causing the return spring 18 to undergo elastic deformation and store elastic potential energy. At the same time, since the fixed block 16 has a guide block 22 corresponding to the spiral guide groove 21 of the fixed rod 15 inside the opening 17, when the fixed block 16 moves, the guide block 22 slides in the spiral guide groove 21, causing the fixed block 16 to rotate around the axis of the fixed rod 15. The rotation of the fixed block 16 drives the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 connected to it to rotate synchronously, causing the position of the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 to shift.

[0051] When the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 rotates to a certain angle, it no longer obstructs the quartz rod and sapphire rod. At this point, the end of the rod that is ready for welding passes over the arc-shaped positioning plate 19. Simultaneously, the extrusion block 25 stops extruding the ball bearing 24. The first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are shut off by the electronic control system, causing the welded rod to stop rotating. Then, the material discharge operation can be performed. After the material discharge is completed, since the extrusion block 25 and the ball bearing 24 are no longer in contact, the extrusion force on the extrusion rod 23 disappears. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the return spring 18, the return spring 18 pushes the fixing block 16. The fixed block 16 is moved away from the slide block 11, and at the same time, the guide block 22 slides in the opposite direction in the spiral guide groove 21, causing the fixed block 16 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 also returns to the initial position, preparing for the next welding operation. Through the cooperation of the extrusion block 25 and the ball bearing 24, the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 is automatically driven to rotate, realizing the unloading operation of the rod after welding. At the same time, the return spring 18 ensures that the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 can automatically reset, so that the entire device can perform welding operations continuously, improving production efficiency.

[0052] For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the present invention further includes a positioning hole 27 on the outer side of the housing 1 corresponding to the movable plate 9, and a horizontally arranged positioning rod 28 on one side of the movable plate 9, with one end of the positioning rod 28 passing through the positioning hole 27 and slidably connected to the positioning hole 27.

[0053] In use, when the first cylinder 14 drives the moving plate 9 to move horizontally within the housing 1, the positioning rod 28 on one side of the moving plate 9 moves synchronously with the moving plate 9. One end of the positioning rod 28 passes through the corresponding positioning hole 27 on the outside of the housing 1 and slides within the positioning hole 27, ensuring that the positioning rod 28 can only move in the horizontal direction, thereby limiting the displacement of the moving plate 9 in the vertical direction or other directions. This effectively improves the stability and accuracy of the movement of the moving plate 9, ensures the precision of the docking of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod, and thus improves the welding quality.

[0054] For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, the present invention further includes horizontally arranged drive rollers 29 and rotating rollers 30 on the inner sides of both ends of the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, the second upper conveyor belt 6, and the second lower conveyor belt 8, respectively. A drive motor 31 corresponding to the drive roller 29 is provided on the outer side of the housing 1. The output end of the drive motor 31 passes through the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding drive roller 29. A plurality of auxiliary rollers 32 are provided between the drive roller 29 and the rotating roller 30. The auxiliary rollers 32 and the rotating roller 30 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 through rotating bearings.

[0055] In use, the drive motor 31 drives the drive roller 29 to rotate, and the drive roller 29 drives the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, the second upper conveyor belt 6, and the second lower conveyor belt 8 to rotate. When the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, the second upper conveyor belt 6, and the second lower conveyor belt 8 rotate, they drive the rotating roller 30 and the auxiliary roller 32 to rotate.

[0056] During conveying, the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6 rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, driving the quartz rod and sapphire rod to roll forward; during welding, the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, the second upper conveyor belt 6, and the second lower conveyor belt 8 continue to rotate in the same direction, so that the rod rotates in place; the auxiliary roller 32 and the rotating bearing enhance the support of the conveyor belt, ensuring smooth conveying of the quartz rod and sapphire rod and improving welding accuracy.

[0057] For example, as shown in FIG8, the present invention further includes an adjustable pressure relief valve 33 connected to the fixed end of the first cylinder 14, the adjustable pressure relief valve 33 being connected to a pneumatic switch via a pipeline, the pneumatic switch being used to drive the drive motors 31 of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8.

[0058] During use, the gas in the second cylinder 20 is delivered to the first cylinder 14 during the compression process. As the gas is delivered to the first cylinder 14, the output end of the first cylinder 14 extends, pushing the moving plate 9 to move closer to the quartz rod and the sapphire rod. When the moving plate 9 moves, the elastic plate 13 presses against the ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod, bringing the two rods closer together.

[0059] When the slide block 11 continues to move to a certain position, after the welding ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod come into contact, at this time, while the gas in the second cylinder 20 continues to enter the first cylinder 14, some of the gas is discharged through the adjustable pressure relief valve 33. The adjustable pressure relief valve 33 allows the pressure of the discharged gas to be adjusted, thereby controlling the thrust at the output end of the first cylinder 14, and thus adjusting the extrusion pressure between the welding surfaces of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod, ensuring that the extrusion pressure is within a suitable range to obtain a good welding effect;

[0060] At the same time, as the adjustable pressure relief valve 33 discharges gas, the pneumatic switch is triggered and opened. After the pneumatic switch is opened, the drive motor 31 starts to work, driving the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 to rotate. The rotation of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 drives the quartz rod and the sapphire rod to rotate in place. At this time, the welding mechanism 4 is located above the contact part of the two rods and performs welding operations on the contact part during the rotation.

[0061] When the quartz rod and sapphire rod are docked, the gas is discharged through the pressure relief valve, triggering the pneumatic switch and automatically turning on the drive motors 31 of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8. This causes the rod to rotate and work in conjunction with the welding mechanism 4, eliminating the need for additional manual operation and achieving a seamless connection from positioning to welding, thus improving efficiency.

[0062] For example, as shown in Figures 1, 3, 5, and 6, the present invention further includes a cleaning component comprising several sets of first spray rods 34, second spray rods 35, third spray rods 36, and air-blowing cleaning rods 38 vertically arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1. The lower ends of the first spray rods 34, second spray rods 35, and third spray rods 36 are all connected to duckbill water outlets. The first spray rods 34, second spray rods 35, third spray rods 36, and air-blowing cleaning rods 38 are all located between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6. The upper surface of the housing 1 is provided with several sets of connecting joints 37 corresponding to the first spray rods 34, second spray rods 35, third spray rods 36, and air-blowing cleaning rods 38. The first spray rod 34 is connected to isopropanol through the connecting joints 37, the second spray rod 35 is connected to dilute nitric acid through the connecting joints 37, the third spray rod 36 is connected to deionized water through the connecting joints 37, and the air-blowing cleaning rod 38 is connected to nitrogen through the connecting joints 37.

[0063] The bottom of the inner side of the housing 1 is provided with a recycling bin 39 with an upward opening. The recycling bin 39 is divided into several collection frames by several sets of vertically arranged partitions 40. The collection frames correspond to the lower ends of the first spray bar 34, the second spray bar 35 and the third spray bar 36 respectively.

[0064] During use, when the quartz rod and sapphire rod pass through the cleaning component area during transportation, they pass through the first spray bar 34, the second spray bar 35, the third spray bar 36, and the air cleaning bar 38 in sequence. The first spray bar 34 sprays isopropyl alcohol through the duckbill nozzle to remove oil stains from the parts of the rod to be welded. The second spray bar 35 sprays dilute nitric acid to remove surface impurities. The third spray bar 36 sprays deionized water to rinse away residual chemical reagents. The air cleaning bar 38 sprays nitrogen to dry the surface of the rod. At the same time, the collection frame of the bottom recycling box 39 is separated by the partition 40 to collect isopropyl alcohol, dilute nitric acid, and deionized water waste liquid respectively to avoid cross-contamination.

[0065] The nitrogen gas sprayed by the air cleaning rod 38 can not only dry the residual moisture on the surface of the quartz rod and sapphire rod, but also form a local inert gas environment inside the housing 1. This can effectively isolate oxygen in the air and prevent the parts of the quartz rod and sapphire rod to be welded from contacting oxygen and undergoing oxidation during the high-temperature welding process. This improves the strength and sealing of the welded joint and ensures a more stable and reliable welding effect.

[0066] As exemplarily shown in FIG1, the present invention further includes an electrical control box 41 provided on the outer side of the housing 1.

[0067] In use, the electrical control box 41 can control the rotation speed of the first upper conveyor belt 5, the first lower conveyor belt 7, the second upper conveyor belt 6, and the second lower conveyor belt 8, and adjust the conveying and rotation speed of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod; it can also control the start and stop and working parameters of the welding mechanism 4 to ensure that the welding timing matches the rotation of the rod, making the operation simple and ensuring welding accuracy.

[0068] When using this invention, the quartz rod and sapphire rod to be welded are respectively placed into the housing 1 through the feed ports 2 on both sides of the housing 1. The quartz rod is precisely placed between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7, and the sapphire rod is correspondingly placed between the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8, ensuring that the ends to be welded are respectively located in the area between the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6, in preparation for subsequent welding alignment.

[0069] After the device is started, the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6 start working, driving the quartz rod and sapphire rod to roll forward synchronously. During the movement, the cleaning components in the housing 1 clean the parts of the rod to be welded. The first spray bar 34 sprays isopropanol through the duckbill water outlet to remove oil stains, the second spray bar 35 sprays dilute nitric acid to remove surface impurities, the third spray bar 36 sprays deionized water to rinse residual reagents, and the air blowing cleaning bar 38 sprays nitrogen to dry the surface. At the same time, the nitrogen forms a local inert environment in the housing 1 to avoid oxidation during welding. The waste liquid generated is collected separately by the separation collection box of the bottom recovery box 39 to prevent cross-contamination.

[0070] When the quartz rod and sapphire rod roll to the positioning structure position, the ends of the two rods away from the welding end will press the corresponding arc-shaped positioning plate 19, which will drive the fixing block 16 to move. The fixing block 16, through the fixing rod 15, causes the slide block 11 to slide in the slide groove 10 and press the second cylinder 20. The gas in the second cylinder 20 is delivered to the first cylinder 14, which pushes the moving plate 9 to move towards the rod body. The elastic plate 13 on the moving plate 9 then approaches and presses the end of the rod body, pushing the two rods closer to each other so that the ends to be welded are precisely connected.

[0071] After docking is completed, as the second cylinder 20 continues to supply air, some gas is discharged through the adjustable pressure relief valve 33. At the same time, the pneumatic switch is triggered, and the drive motors 31 of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are started. At this time, the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the first lower conveyor belt 7, and the second upper conveyor belt 6 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 rotate in the same direction, driving the quartz rod and the sapphire rod to rotate in place. The welding mechanism 4 at the top of the housing 1 is started to perform uniform and continuous circumferential welding on the contact part of the two rotating rods to ensure the sealing and firmness of the weld.

[0072] After welding, the extrusion blocks 25 on the sides of the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 contact the ball bearings 24 at the end of the extrusion rod 23. The extrusion rod 23 is pushed to move by the wedge surface 26, causing the fixed block 16 to rotate around the fixed rod 15. This causes the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 to shift and no longer block the rod, allowing the rod to pass smoothly. Then, the first lower conveyor belt 7 and the second lower conveyor belt 8 are closed, leaving only the first upper conveyor belt 5 and the second upper conveyor belt 6 to continue working. Under the action of friction, the welded rod is driven to move towards the discharge port 3. Finally, the welded rod is sent out from the discharge port 3, while the arc-shaped positioning plate 19 returns to its initial position under the action of the return spring 18, preparing for the next welding operation. The entire process does not require manual intervention, and all operations are completed within the closed housing 1. The entire process achieves automated continuous operation. From feeding to discharging, all operations of the workpiece are completed within the closed housing 1 without manual intervention, thus avoiding pollution and damage caused by manual transfer at the source. At the same time, it significantly shortens the welding cycle of a single workpiece, meeting the needs of large-scale industrial production.

[0073] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), with an inlet (2) and an outlet (3) distributed on both sides of the housing (1). A welding mechanism (4) is installed on the top of the inner side of the housing (1). A first upper conveyor belt (5) and a second upper conveyor belt (6) are respectively provided on both sides of the welding mechanism (4) to drive the quartz rod to roll forward. A first lower conveyor belt (7) supporting the quartz rod is provided below the first upper conveyor belt (5), and a second lower conveyor belt (8) supporting the sapphire rod is provided below the second upper conveyor belt (6). When the first upper conveyor belt (5) and the first lower conveyor belt (7) rotate in the same direction, the quartz rod is driven to rotate. The second upper conveyor belt (6) and the second lower conveyor belt (8) rotate in the same direction. The sapphire rod is driven to rotate during rotation. The housing (1) is provided with a cleaning component for cleaning the quartz rod and the sapphire rod. The housing (1) is provided with a positioning structure that presses against the ends of the quartz rod and the sapphire rod respectively. The positioning structure includes movable plates (9) arranged on both sides inside the housing (1). Each of the two sets of movable plates (9) is provided with a sliding groove (10) on the side that is close to each other. A sliding seat (11) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (10). A rotating ring (12) is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding seat (11) away from the movable plate (9). An elastic plate (13) is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating ring (12) away from the movable plate (9). The movable plate (9) and the housing (1) are fixedly connected to the first... A cylinder (14); a horizontally arranged fixing rod (15) is provided on the side of the slide (11) away from the moving plate (9), and a fixing block (16) is provided at one end of the fixing rod (15). An opening (17) is provided on the side of the fixing block (16) near the fixing rod (15). The fixing rod (15) passes through the opening (17) and is located in the opening (17). A return spring (18) is fixedly connected between the fixing block (16) and the slide (11); an arc-shaped positioning plate (19) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing block (16). A horizontally arranged second cylinder (20) is installed on the side of the moving plate (9) away from the feed port (2). The output end of the second cylinder (20) is connected to the slide (11). One side is in contact with the extrusion, and the second cylinder (20) is connected to the first cylinder (14) through a pipeline; the fixed rod (15) is provided with a spiral guide groove (21) at the end away from the slide (11), and the inner side of the opening (17) is provided with a guide block (22) corresponding to the spiral guide groove (21). The fixed block (16) is provided with a horizontally arranged extrusion rod (23) on the side away from the hole (17), and the end of the extrusion rod (23) is provided with a ball (24); the first lower conveyor belt (7) and the second lower conveyor belt (8) are provided with several sets of extrusion blocks (25) on the side away from each other, and the extrusion block (25) is provided with a wedge-shaped surface (26) on one side, and the wedge-shaped surface (26) corresponds to the ball (24);The outer side of the housing (1) is provided with a positioning hole (27) corresponding to the movable plate (9). A horizontally arranged positioning rod (28) is provided on one side of the movable plate (9). One end of the positioning rod (28) passes through the positioning hole (27) and is slidably connected to the positioning hole (27).

2. The apparatus for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sides of the first upper conveyor belt (5), the first lower conveyor belt (7), the second upper conveyor belt (6), and the second lower conveyor belt (8) are respectively provided with horizontally arranged drive rollers (29) and rotating rollers (30). The outer side of the housing (1) is provided with a drive motor (31) corresponding to the drive roller (29). The output end of the drive motor (31) passes through the housing (1) and is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding drive roller (29). Several sets of auxiliary rollers (32) are provided between the drive roller (29) and the rotating roller (30). The auxiliary rollers (32) and the rotating rollers (30) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (1) through rotating bearings.

3. The apparatus for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed end of the first cylinder (14) is connected to an adjustable pressure relief valve (33), which is connected to a pneumatic switch through a pipeline. The pneumatic switch is used to drive the drive motors (31) of the first lower conveyor belt (7) and the second lower conveyor belt (8).

4. The apparatus for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes several sets of first spray rods (34), second spray rods (35), third spray rods (36), and air cleaning rods (38) vertically arranged on the inner wall of the housing (1). The lower ends of the first spray rods (34), second spray rods (35), and third spray rods (36) are all connected to duckbill water outlets. The first spray rods (34), second spray rods (35), third spray rods (36), and air cleaning rods (38) are all located between the first upper conveyor belt (5) and the second upper conveyor belt (6). The upper surface of the housing (1) is provided with several sets of first spray rods (34), second spray rods (35), third spray rods (36), and air cleaning rods. (38) Corresponding connecting joint (37), the first spray rod (34) is connected to isopropanol through the connecting joint (37), the second spray rod (35) is connected to dilute nitric acid through the connecting joint (37), the third spray rod (36) is connected to deionized water through the connecting joint (37), and the air blowing cleaning rod (38) is connected to nitrogen through the connecting joint (37); the bottom of the inner side of the housing (1) is provided with an upward-opening recovery box (39), and the recovery box (39) is divided into several sets of collection frames by several sets of vertically arranged partitions (40), and the collection frames are respectively corresponding to the lower ends of the first spray rod (34), the second spray rod (35) and the third spray rod (36).

5. The apparatus for ultrafast laser welding of quartz and sapphire according to claim 4, characterized in that, An electrical control box (41) is provided on the outside of the housing (1).

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