Antioxidant nano-enzyme derived from traditional Chinese medicine as well as preparation method and application of antioxidant nano-enzyme

Abstract

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine derived antioxidant nano-enzyme as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cigarette filtration. The natural traditional Chinese medicinal material gardenia is ground into powder to serve as a precursor for preparing the carbon dot nano-enzyme. Adding the gardenia powder into distilled water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution in an ultrasonic instrument for 5 minutes to obtain a yellow mixed solution; transferring the mixed solution into a high-pressure hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction; centrifuging and freeze-drying: after the reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, taking a mixed solution after the thermal reaction, and centrifuging in a centrifugal machine; after centrifugation is finished, supernate is filtered and freeze-dried, and the antioxidant nano-enzyme CDs / Gj.E based on traditional Chinese medicine derivation is obtained. The nano enzyme constructed on the basis of the traditional Chinese medicine fructus gardeniae has multiple enzyme-like activities, and ROS / RNS in smoke can be efficiently removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme, a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cigarette filtration. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most common threats to global public health, tobacco use is a common risk factor for most non-communicable diseases. Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that smokers are more likely to develop lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases than non-smokers. The main inducing factor is the large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in cigarette smoke, such as superoxide radicals (·O2 - ), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (·OH). These free radicals disrupt the balance of the body's oxidative and antioxidant defense systems, further leading to cell dysfunction and death, and thus triggering a variety of diseases. Currently, adding natural antioxidants (such as green tea extract and lycopene) to cigarette filters is a common method to reduce free radicals in smoke. However, these natural antioxidants have problems such as low thermal stability, high extraction costs, and poor scavenging effects, which limit their widespread application. Therefore, the development of an efficient, stable, and low-cost antioxidant to remove ROS / RNS from smoke is of great practical significance.

[0003] In recent years, nanozymes, as nanomaterials that can mimic the catalytic activity of natural enzymes, have shown great potential in the field of antioxidants due to their multi-enzyme-like activity, high stability, and low cost. In particular, nanozymes derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) not only retain the natural active ingredients of TCM but also enhance their bioavailability and antioxidant properties through nanotechnology. However, most existing nanozymes rely on metal doping, which, while improving antioxidant properties, also brings potential biological toxicity and environmental impacts. Therefore, the development of a non-metal-doped antioxidant nanozyme based on TCM has important research value and application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to address the problems of low thermal stability, high cost, and poor scavenging effectiveness of existing antioxidants in removing ROS / RNS from flue gas. It provides a method for constructing antioxidant nanozymes based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which can efficiently and stably remove reactive oxygen and nitrogen species from flue gas, reducing the harm of flue gas to the human body. The present invention aims to construct TCM-derived carbon dot nanozymes by combining the natural antioxidant components of TCM with the unique properties of nanomaterials, achieving efficient removal of ROS / RNS from flue gas and reducing their potential risks to the environment and the human body.

[0005] The specific technical solutions are:

[0006] Based on the antioxidant nanozyme derived from traditional Chinese medicine, the method includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Raw material preparation: Grind natural gardenia into 200 mesh powder as a precursor for preparing carbon dot nanozymes.

[0008] (2) Sample preparation: Accurately weigh 1.0 g to 10.0 g of Gardenia jasminoides powder, add distilled water 10 times the mass of the Gardenia jasminoides powder, and sonicate the mixed solution in an ultrasonicator for 5 min to 30 min to obtain a yellow mixed solution.

[0009] (3) Hydrothermal reaction: The mixed solution was transferred to a 25 mL or 250 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined high-pressure hydrothermal reactor and subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 220 °C for 10 h.

[0010] (4) Centrifugation and freeze-drying: After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the mixed solution after the hydrothermal reaction is centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 min. After centrifugation, the supernatant is filtered and freeze-dried to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme CDs / Gj.E.

[0011] This traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme serves as a cigarette filter.

[0012] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] Highly efficient antioxidant performance: The nanozyme constructed based on the traditional Chinese medicine Gardenia jasminoides has multiple enzyme-like activities and can efficiently remove ROS / RNS in flue gas.

[0014] High thermal stability: CDs / Gj.E is prepared under high temperature conditions and has passed the smoking model test, showing high efficiency in scavenging ROS / RNS, making it suitable for use in high-temperature scenarios such as cigarette filters.

[0015] Antioxidant properties in vivo: Animal experiments have shown that CDs / Gj.E applied to cigarette filters has a good protective effect on the lungs of smoking mice. Good biocompatibility: Animal experiments have shown that CDs / Gj.E has good biocompatibility.

[0016] Green and environmentally friendly: The present invention uses traditional Chinese medicine as a precursor, avoiding the biological toxicity and environmental impact caused by metal doping, and has higher safety and environmental friendliness.

[0017] Low cost: Traditional Chinese medicine has a wide range of sources, simple preparation process, and low cost, making it suitable for large-scale production and research and development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation of CDs / Gj.E in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 CDs / Gj.E infrared spectrum of the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 CDs / Gj.ETEM and HRTEM images of the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 CDs / Gj.EXPSC spectrum of the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 CDs / Gj.EXPSS spectrum of the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 The CDs / Gj.EXPS full spectrum of the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a CDs / Gj.E clearance rate diagram under the DPPH detection method of the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a graph of CDs / Gj.E clearance rates under the TMB detection method of the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 9 The CDs / Gj.E clearance rate bar graph under the ABTS detection method of the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a diagram of an in vitro smoking model of an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a bar graph of the clearance rate under the MB detection method of the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 12 Gj.E and CDs / Gj.E clearance rates of the examples;

[0030] Figure 13 Gj.E and CDs / Gj.E absorbance curves of the embodiments;

[0031] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the mouse smoking model in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 15 The food intake level of mice in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 16 The weight level of mice in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 17 This is the food intake monitoring record of mice in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 18 This is the weight monitoring record of mice in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 19 The mouse lung slices of the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 20 The food intake level of mice in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 21 The weight level of mice in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 22 This is the food intake monitoring record of mice in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 23 This is the weight monitoring record of mice in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 24 This is an enlarged antioxidant capacity diagram of the example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] This embodiment includes the following steps: preparation of antioxidant nanozymes, characterization and detection of antioxidant nanozymes, testing of antioxidant properties, and verification of the scavenging effect of ROS / RNS in flue gas.

[0043] 1. Preparation of Antioxidant Nanozymes

[0044] The present invention uses the Chinese herbal medicine Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gj.E.) as a nanozyme precursor. Gardenia jasminoides, the dried mature fruit of the Rubiaceae plant, is listed in the first batch of dual-use medicinal and edible resources issued by the Ministry of Health. It has liver-protecting, choleretic, blood pressure-lowering, and sedative effects. It is rich in active ingredients such as flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides. It is commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat icteric hepatitis, sprains, hypertension, and diabetes, and has excellent antioxidant properties.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the preparation of Gardenia jasminoides-derived antioxidant carbon dot nanozymes (CDs / Gj.E):

[0046] Example 1

[0047] (1) Raw material preparation: Grind natural gardenia into 200 mesh powder as a precursor for preparing carbon dot nanozymes.

[0048] (2) Sample preparation: 1.0 g of Gardenia jasminoides powder (Gj.E) was accurately weighed and added to distilled water (10 times the mass of the Gardenia jasminoides powder). The mixed solution was sonicated in an ultrasonic instrument for 30 min to obtain a yellow mixed solution.

[0049] (3) Hydrothermal reaction: The mixed solution was transferred to a 25 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined high-pressure hydrothermal reactor and subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 220 °C for 10 h.

[0050] (4) Centrifugation and lyophilization: After the reactor has cooled to room temperature, the mixed solution after the hydrothermal reaction is centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 min. After centrifugation, the supernatant is filtered and lyophilized to obtain CDs / Gj.E.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] (1) Raw material preparation: Grind natural gardenia into 200 mesh powder as a precursor for preparing carbon dot nanozymes.

[0053] (2) Sample preparation: 10.0 g of Gardenia jasminoides powder (Gj.E) was accurately weighed and added to distilled water (10 times the mass of the Gardenia jasminoides powder). The mixed solution was sonicated in an ultrasonicator for 30 min to obtain a yellow mixed solution.

[0054] (3) Hydrothermal reaction: The mixed solution was transferred to a 250 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined high-pressure hydrothermal reactor and subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 220 °C for 10 h.

[0055] (4) Centrifugation and lyophilization: After the reactor has cooled to room temperature, the mixed solution after the hydrothermal reaction is centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 min. After centrifugation, the supernatant is filtered and lyophilized to obtain CDs / Gj.E.

[0056] 2. Characterization and detection of carbon quantum dot nanozymes:

[0057] To further explore the structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of CDs / Gj.E, the present invention conducted a comprehensive characterization test on the nanozyme prepared in Example 2. Using a series of advanced analytical techniques, the optical properties, particle size distribution, chemical composition, and microstructure of the nanozyme were systematically evaluated. The following are the specific characterization test methods:

[0058] (1) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR): The functional groups on the surface of Gj.E and CDs / Gj.E were identified and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Figure 2 As shown, 3422cm -1 The peak at 3272 cm may be a carboxyl or hydroxyl group. -1 The weak absorption peak at 2982 cm- -1 The peak at 1707 cm- -1 The peak at 1605 cm may correspond to the stretching vibration of C=O. -1 The absorption peak at 1442 cm may be caused by the stretching vibration of C=C / C=N. -1 The C=C stretching vibration peak at 1120cm shows the presence of unsaturated bonds. -1The peak at 1397 cm is associated with the CO group, further indicating that oxygen is involved in the bond formation in the molecule. -1 The peak at 798 cm may be caused by the stretching vibration of CN. -1 The peak at may be attributed to the out-of-plane bending vibration of NH, further supporting the presence of nitrogen-containing structures. The above FT-IR data on CDs / Gj.E indicate that the surface of CDs / Gj.E may have abundant hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl and amino groups, which also proves its good water solubility.

[0059] (2) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM): CDs / Gj.E was observed and characterized using a transmission electron microscope. The synthesized CDs / Gj.E was approximately spherical and uniformly dispersed. Figure 3 Similar well-resolved lattice fringes with a fringe spacing of 306.6 pm can be observed in the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images of the samples, indicating that all of these samples exhibit a similar graphite-like core structure.

[0060] (3) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS): The chemical structure of CDs / Gj.E was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS can be used to determine the valence state and chemical environment of the elements on the surface of the nanozyme. Figures 4 to 6 ,From the XPS results, it can be seen that the contents of O1s, N1s, C1s, K2p, S2p and P2p in CDs / Gj.E are 19.31%, 2.76%, 49.01%, 1.24%, 0.26% and 0.34%, respectively.

[0061] 3. Antioxidant performance test:

[0062] Free radicals, as important mediators of oxidative stress in organisms, play a key role in physiological and pathological processes. However, excessive accumulation of free radicals can lead to cell damage, inflammatory responses, and the occurrence of various chronic diseases. Therefore, the development of efficient free radical scavengers is of great significance for maintaining the oxidation-antioxidation balance in organisms. In this study, we used the enzyme-like activity of nanozymes to systematically evaluate their scavenging ability for different types of free radicals through a series of free radical scavenging experiments. Specifically, nanozymes can efficiently catalyze the generation and degradation of free radicals under simulated physiological conditions, and their reaction products can react with specific substrates to produce a color change, resulting in a color change in the system. By detecting the color of the system and the degree of absorbance change, the free radical scavenging ability of nanozymes can be quantitatively evaluated, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the development of efficient antioxidant nanozymes.

[0063] Gj.E and CDs / Gj.E assay concentrations: Weigh 10 mg each of Gj.E and CDs / Gj.E and dissolve in 10 mL of distilled water. Ultrasonicate until completely dissolved to prepare 1 mg / mL Gj.E and CDs / Gj.E solutions. Store at 4°C until needed. Perform a gradient dilution to prepare a concentration gradient of 750 μg / mL, 500 μg / mL, 250 μg / mL, 125 μg / mL, and 62.5 μg / mL. Prepare the Gj.E or CDs / Gj.E concentration gradient solution as described above for each experiment.

[0064] (1) 1,1-Diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) method: DPPH free radical is a stable proton free radical centered on a nitrogen atom. Its anhydrous ethanol solution is dark purple and has a characteristic absorption peak at 517nm. When there is a free radical scavenger in the system, the color of the solution becomes lighter and the absorbance decreases. Dissolve DPPH in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a working solution. Take 100μL of the working solution and 100μL of CDs / Gj.E solution of different concentrations and mix them for reaction, and measure the absorbance at 517nm. Figure 7 , 100 μL sample and 100 μL anhydrous ethanol mixture was used as the control group, and 100 μL working solution and 100 μL H2O mixture was used as the blank group. According to the formula: Clearance (%) = [1-(A 实验组 -A 对照组 ) / A 空白组 ]×100% to calculate the scavenging ability of the sample on DPPH free radicals.

[0065] (2) 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) method: TMB is an organic compound that can be oxidized by Cu under acidic conditions. 2+ It is oxidized to blue product with oxidants such as H2O2, and has a characteristic absorption peak at 650nm. When there is a free radical scavenger in the system, its oxidation is inhibited, the solution color becomes lighter, and the absorbance decreases. Figure 8 , dissolve TMB solid in DMSO, add pH 3-4 phosphate buffer solution, a small amount of Cu 2A Mix with 30% H2O2 until it turns blue and adjust the absorbance to prepare the working solution. Take 100μL of the working solution and mix it with 100μL of CDs / Gj.E solution of different concentrations and measure the absorbance at 650nm. Use 100μL of sample mixed with 100μL of anhydrous ethanol as the control group and 100μL of working solution mixed with 100μL of H2O as the blank group. According to the formula: Clearance (%) = [1-(A 实验组 -A 对照组 ) / A 空白组 ]×100% to calculate the free radical scavenging ability of the sample in the TMB oxidation reaction.

[0066] (3) 2,2'-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) method: ABTS is a commonly used free radical probe. It is colorless and reacts with oxidants such as potassium persulfate to produce a stable blue-green ABTS. + Free radicals have a characteristic absorption peak at 734nm. When antioxidants are present in the system, ABTS + The free radicals are reduced, the solution color becomes lighter, and the absorbance at 734nm decreases. ABTS and potassium persulfate are dissolved in ultrapure water, stored at 4°C in the dark, and then the absorbance is adjusted to prepare ABTS. + Working solution. Take 100 μL of working solution and mix with 100 μL of CDs / Gj.E solution of different concentrations, and measure the absorbance at 734 nm and the change of absorbance at 300-950 nm using a microplate reader. Figure 9 , 100 μL sample and 100 μL ethanol mixture was used as the control group, and 100 μL working solution and 100 μL distilled water mixture was used as the blank group. According to the formula: Clearance (%) = [1-(A 实验组 -A 对照组 ) / A 空白组 ]×100% calculated sample to ABTS + Free radical scavenging ability.

[0067] 4. Verification of the removal effect of ROS / RNS in flue gas:

[0068] Cigarette preparation: Figure 10 Prepare 100 mg / mL of CDs / Gj.E and Gj.E solutions, respectively, and set aside. Divide six cigarettes into three groups. Use a 1mL syringe to evenly inject 0.2 mL of CDs / Gj.E, Gj.E, and H2O into the center of the cigarette holder. Set aside. Prepare cigarettes as described above for each experiment.

[0069] Model setup: Inject 50 mL of H2O into a glass washing bottle, build a smoking model, turn on the pump switch, and adjust the pressure index. If the cigarette burns slowly and steadily, the bubbling in the glass washing bottle is small, and the smoke is evenly distributed in the washing bottle, the device is airtight.

[0070] (1) Methyl blue (MB) assay: MB is a commonly used redox indicator. Its solution is blue and can be oxidized to colorless or light-colored compounds by free radicals. When the sample solution contains a free radical scavenger, it will react with free radicals and slow down the oxidation of MB. The scavenging ability is evaluated by measuring the absorbance change at 664 nm. Accurately weigh 150 mg of MB and dissolve it in 150 mL of 0.1 M, pH = 7 phosphate buffer solution. Stir until completely dissolved to prepare a 1 mg / mL MB solution. Take three 1000 mL glass wash bottles, inject 50 mL of MB solution into each and number them 1, 2, and 3. No. 1 collects the smoke of a cigarette filled with CDs / Gj.E solution, No. 2 collects the smoke of a cigarette filled with Gj.E solution, and No. 3 collects the smoke of a cigarette filled with H2O solution. Three sets of experiments were carried out simultaneously using a smoking model. In order to make the smoke dissolve as fully as possible in the glass wash bottle solution, the cigarette was burned partially and then stopped smoking until it was completely burned. Collect the bottle washing solution after burning the first and second cigarettes and measure the absorbance. Calculate the scavenging ability of the sample on free radicals in the MB system according to the formula: "Scavenging rate (%) = [1-(A1-A2) / Ao] × 100%" (A1 is the absorbance of the MB solution, A2 is the absorbance of the sample solution, and Ao is the absorbance of the H2O sample solution). Figure 11 .

[0071] (2) Nitric Oxide (NO) Kit: The NO kit detects the free radical scavenging ability of samples based on the Griess reaction. NO is a free radical in biological systems that reacts with oxygen to generate nitrous acid (NO2 - ), NO2 - It reacts with Griess reagent (including Griess reagent I and II) to generate purple-red azo compounds with a characteristic absorption peak at 540nm. When the sample solution contains free radical scavengers, it will reduce NO2 - The generation of NO2 - The concentration of MB solution is reduced, which reduces the absorbance. Referring to the MB test method, distilled water is used instead of MB solution, and the in vitro smoking model is used to collect the bottle washing smoke solution after each device absorbs cigarettes as the sample solution. 100μL sample solution contains 50μL of Griess reagent I and II, and the absorbance A1 at 540nm is measured after full reaction. Set up a control group: 100μL sample solution is mixed with 100μL water to measure the absorbance A2. Set up a blank control, 100μL water is added to Griess reagent I and II, and its absorbance Ao1 is measured, and the absorbance Ao2 of 100μL water mixed with 100μL water is measured. According to the formula: scavenging rate (%) = [1-(A1-A2) / (Ao1-Ao2)] × 100%, calculate the sample's ability to scavenging NO free radicals, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 .

[0072] (3) Animal experiments:

[0073] A. Prepare 12 mice (weighing about 20.5 g) and divide them equally into 4 groups, namely, normal feeding (Blank) group, H2O (Control) group, Gj.E group, and CDs / Gj.E group.

[0074] B. Prepare cigarettes as above.

[0075] C. Build a mouse smoking model. Figure 14 , do not put the animal demonstration, turn on the pump switch, adjust the pressure index, if the cigarette burns slowly and steadily, the bubbling amplitude in the glass washing bottle is small, and the smoke is evenly distributed in the washing bottle, then the device is airtight and the pump pressure is appropriate.

[0076] D. Mice in the control, CDs / Gj.E, and Gj.E groups were simultaneously exposed to the cigarette smoking model. The vacuum pump operated at a pressure of approximately 0 MPa, and smoke was introduced slowly and steadily into the chamber. To prevent suffocation of the animals from excessive smoke, the vacuum pump was stopped for approximately 10 seconds after the cigarette burned for approximately 20 seconds, until the cigarette was completely consumed.

[0077] During the experiment, the weight, food intake, and lung tissue sections of the mice were monitored and recorded at regular intervals. Figures 15 to 19 .

[0078] (4) Evaluation:

[0079] When evaluating the potential application value of a new nanozyme, its biocompatibility is one of the most important considerations. For CDs / Gj.E, this example evaluated its biosafety through toxicity testing. Tap water and CDs / Gj.E were directly fed into mice to observe their effects on physiological indicators such as food intake and body weight. Figures 20 to 23 The experimental results showed that during the 7-day oral gavage, mice treated with CDs / Gj.E did not show significant weight loss or decreased food intake. Instead, their weight gain trend was comparable to that of the normal control group, indicating that the nanozyme had no significant negative impact on the growth and development of the mice during its metabolism.

[0080] 5. CDs / Gj.E amplification preparation experiment:

[0081] In order to achieve the large-scale preparation of CDs / Gj.E, taking 10-fold scale-up as an example, the amount of raw materials was increased proportionally and the solvent volume was ensured to match the reaction vessel. The DPPH antioxidant performance of the scaled-up CDs / Gj.E was tested to verify the consistency of the antioxidant properties of the scaled-up CDs / Gj.E. Figure 24It shows that the antioxidant efficiency of CDs / Gj.E prepared by 10-fold scale-up is 86.4% at a concentration of 125 μg / mL, which is only 4.2% lower than the oxidation efficiency before scale-up, indicating that CDs / Gj.E prepared by ten-fold scale-up still maintains good antioxidant properties.

Claims

1. Traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Raw material preparation: Grind natural gardenia into powder as a precursor for preparing carbon dot nanozymes. (2) Sample preparation: Gardenia powder was added to distilled water, and the mixed solution was sonicated in an ultrasonic instrument for 5 min to obtain a yellow mixed solution. (3) Hydrothermal reaction: The mixed solution is then transferred to a high-pressure hydrothermal reactor for hydrothermal reaction; (4) Centrifugation and freeze-drying: After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the mixed solution after the hydrothermal reaction is centrifuged in a centrifuge; after the centrifugation, the supernatant is filtered and freeze-dried to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme CDs / Gj.E.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), natural gardenia is ground into 200 mesh powder.

3. The traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the following materials are prepared in a ratio: 1.0 g to 10.0 g of gardenia powder and distilled water with a mass 10 times that of the gardenia powder.

4. The traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrothermal reaction conditions of step (3) are: hydrothermal reaction at 220° C. for 10 h.

5. The traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme according to claim 1, characterized in that Step (4) centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 20 min.

6. Traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme, characterized in that: Obtained according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The use of the traditional Chinese medicine-derived antioxidant nanozyme according to claim 6, characterized in that: Preparation of cigarette filters.

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