Pressure vessel defect detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pressure vessel defect detection, in particular to a pressure vessel defect detection device and method.The pressure vessel defect detection device comprises a pressure vessel, the lower end of the pressure vessel is supported through a base, a sealing detection hole is formed in the side end of the center of the pressure vessel, and a detection structure is connected to the sealing detection hole; the detection structure is slidably adjusted in the sealed detection hole; the detection structure is used for detecting defects in the sealing detection hole, the detection structure is combined through a butt joint limiting part and a visual detection part, the butt joint limiting part and the visual detection part are in magnetic attraction butt joint, the butt joint limiting part is matched with the detection structure for telescopic adjustment, and a built-in motor in the butt joint limiting part drives a first vertical block ring to move through a lead screw; and the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod move. Through the structural arrangement of the butt-joint limiting component, the butt-joint limiting component is used for conducting butt-joint work on the visual detection component, so that the visual detection component operates more stably, and therefore the visual detection component conducts efficient and stable visual detection work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure vessel defect detection, and in particular to a pressure vessel defect detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] Boiler pressure vessel is the full name of boiler and pressure vessel, because they are both special equipment and occupy a very important position in production and life. Boiler is a mechanical equipment that uses the thermal energy of fuel or other energy to heat water into hot water or steam. The boiler consists of two major parts: the pot and the furnace. The hot water or steam generated in the boiler can directly provide the required thermal energy for industrial production and people's life, or it can be converted into mechanical energy through a steam power device, or the mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy through a generator. The boiler that provides hot water is called a hot water boiler.

[0003] According to Chinese patent publication number CN119936066A, a device for detecting defects on the inner wall of a boiler pressure vessel is disclosed, comprising a boiler pressure vessel tank, water inlet pipes being installed on both sides of the top of the boiler pressure vessel tank, a cover plate being placed on the left side of the water inlet pipe, a mounting rod being welded to the bottom of the cover plate, a hinged seat being welded to the bottom of the mounting rod, a base being hingedly connected to one side of the hinged seat, a push rod motor being fixedly mounted on the base by bolts, and a mounting plate being installed on the output end of the push rod motor. This device for detecting defects on the inner wall of a boiler pressure vessel is provided with a mounting rod, a push rod motor, and a pull rope, etc., wherein the output end of the electric telescopic rod can drive a defect detection camera to detect the inner wall of the boiler pressure vessel tank, and by providing a PLC controller, a push rod motor, and a defect detection camera, etc., the corresponding defect position on the inner wall of the boiler pressure vessel tank can be determined by the distance extended by the output end of the push rod motor, facilitating further processing by relevant personnel.

[0004] At present, the existing pressure vessel defect detection device cannot perform efficient and stable visual inspection when in use, and cannot perform multi-stage adjustment to accurately perform defect detection and positioning work. Therefore, improvements are made to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure vessel defect detection device and detection method.

[0006] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting a technical solution: a pressure vessel defect detection device, comprising a pressure vessel, the lower end of the pressure vessel being supported by a base, a sealing detection hole being provided at a central side end of the pressure vessel, a detection structure being connected to the sealing detection hole, and the detection structure being slidably adjustable within the sealing detection hole; The detection structure is used for defect detection in the sealing detection hole, and the detection structure is combined by a docking restriction component and a visual detection component. The docking restriction component and the visual detection component are magnetically docked, and the docking restriction component cooperates with the detection structure for telescopic adjustment. The built-in motor in the docking restriction component drives the first vertical block ring to move through the screw rod, so that the first adjustment rod and the second adjustment rod move, changing the position of the first contact wheel so that the first contact wheel contacts the inner wall of the sealing detection hole. The built-in motor and the screw rod in the first contact wheel on the visual detection component change the angle position of the third adjustment rod and the fourth adjustment rod, thereby changing the position of the defect detection camera to perform defect detection.

[0007] Specifically, a material inlet is provided on the pressure vessel, a manhole is provided at the center of the upper end of the pressure vessel, and a guide hole is provided at the lower end of the pressure vessel.

[0008] Specifically, the docking restriction component includes a docking rod, a limit protection mechanism, a side rod and an electromagnetic suction cup. The side end of the docking rod is fixedly connected to the side rod, and the side end of the side rod is fixedly installed with an electromagnetic suction cup. The docking rod slides and telescopes on the sealing detection hole, and the built-in motor and the screw rod are built into the docking rod. The built-in motor is threadedly connected to the limit protection mechanism, and the side end of the limit protection mechanism is fixedly connected to the side rod.

[0009] Specifically, the position limiting protection mechanism includes a first adjusting rod, a hinged seat, a first vertical block ring, a positioning rod, a first positioning ring sleeve and a second adjusting rod. The first vertical block ring is hinged with a hinged seat, and the hinged seat is fixedly connected to the first adjusting rod. The side end of the first adjusting rod is hinged with a second adjusting rod, and the lower end of the second adjusting rod is hinged with a first positioning ring sleeve. The center of the first positioning ring sleeve is fixedly connected to the positioning rod.

[0010] Specifically, the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod are hingedly connected by a first hinge ring seat, the first hinge ring seat is fixedly connected to the second spring damping rod, the second spring damping rod is elastically connected to the matching support seat, the matching support seat is rotatably connected to the first contact wheel, the side end of the matching support seat is hingedly provided with the first spring damping rod, the lower end of the first spring damping rod is hingedly provided with a base frame, and the center of the base frame is fixedly connected to the first hinge ring seat.

[0011] Specifically, the visual detection component includes an adapter block, a second positioning ring sleeve, a third adjusting rod, a fourth adjusting rod, a second vertical block ring and a stepper motor. The stepper motor is installed on the upper end of the guide seat. The stepper motor is driven and connected to a gear disk. The lower end of the gear disk is meshed and connected to a gear rod. The upper sliding portion of the gear rod is connected to the second vertical block ring. The second vertical block ring is hingedly provided with a fourth adjusting rod. The upper end of the fourth adjusting rod is hinged to the third adjusting rod. The lower end of the third adjusting rod is hinged to the second positioning ring sleeve. The second positioning ring sleeve is fixed on the adapter block.

[0012] Specifically, the third adjusting rod and the fourth adjusting rod are hingedly arranged through the second hinge ring seat, and the upper end of the second hinge ring seat is hingedly provided with a movable adjusting frame through a hinge connection shaft, and a lighting lamp is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the movable adjusting frame, and a defect detection camera is fixedly installed on the other side of the upper end of the movable adjusting frame, and the side end of the movable adjusting frame is fixedly connected to a circular shaft, and an electric telescopic rod is hingedly provided on the circular shaft, and the lower end of the electric telescopic rod is hingedly provided with an articulated matching seat, which is fixed on the fourth adjusting rod, and the second hinge ring seat is connected to the second contact wheel through the third spring damping rod and the fourth spring damping rod.

[0013] Specifically, the adapter block is magnetically docked with the electromagnetic chuck, the guide seat is nested and fixed on the sealing detection hole on the other side, the stepper motor controls the telescopic adjustment of the gear rod through the gear disc, and the gear rod adopts a multi-section docking design.

[0014] Specifically, the gear rod is also provided with a built-in motor and a screw rod for the telescopic adjustment of the second vertical block ring. The electrically controlled telescopic rod controls the lighting, defect detection camera, and movable adjustment frame to rotate and adjust around the hinge shaft through telescopic movement, and the first contact wheel and the second contact wheel are in contact with the inside of the pressure vessel.

[0015] A method for detecting a defect in a pressure vessel, comprising the following steps: S1. First, open the sealing valve of the sealing detection hole, connect the docking restriction component and the visual inspection component to the sealing detection holes on both sides respectively, dock the docking restriction component and the visual inspection component via the electromagnetic suction cup and the adapter block, and energize the electromagnetic suction cup to adsorb the adapter block. The visual inspection component is fixed to the sealing detection hole via the guide seat. At this time, the stepper motor works, driving the gear disc to rotate. The gear disc engages with the gear rod at the lower end, driving the gear rod to move and adjust, so that the second vertical block ring drives the adapter block, the second positioning ring sleeve, the third adjustment rod, the fourth adjustment rod, and the second vertical block ring to follow the movement as a whole, and the gear rod has a docking extension function; S2. Afterwards, the docking restriction component is opened. At this time, the built-in motor in the docking rod controls the screw to rotate, so that the first vertical block ring moves on the docking rod, driving the first adjusting rod and the hinge seat to push. The upper end of the first adjusting rod is hingedly set with the second adjusting rod, driving the second adjusting rod to rotate and adjust. The first positioning ring sleeve and the positioning rod are fixed to ensure that the support position remains unchanged. At this time, the connection position of the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod is raised until the first contact wheel contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel, and the movement can be stopped. At this time, the first contact wheel contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel and can slide in the pressure vessel. A first spring damping rod is hingedly set on the base frame, and a matching support seat is hingedly set on the first spring damping rod to perform side buffering. The second spring damping rod is used to cooperate with the buffering of the center of the support seat, so that the first contact wheel can be adjusted according to the environment of the inner wall of the pressure vessel when moving; S3. Then, the built-in motor in the gear rod controls the screw to rotate, causing the second vertical block ring to move on the gear rod, driving the third and fourth adjustment rods to move, causing the second contact wheel to contact the inner wall of the pressure vessel, thereby allowing the visual inspection component to adjust its movement in contact with the inner wall of the pressure vessel. At this time, the second contact wheel is buffered and protected by the fourth spring damping rod and the fourth spring damping rod. At the same time, the lighting lamp performs illumination, and the defect detection camera performs visual inspection. S4. Finally, the electric telescopic rod can change its angle through the articulated matching seat, and the articulated matching seat is fixed to the fourth adjustment rod. When the electric telescopic rod is extended or retracted, it drives the movable adjustment frame to rotate around the articulated shaft, changing the angle position of the lighting lamp and the defect detection camera, and performing multi-position visual inspection work, thereby achieving the purpose of inspection inside the pressure vessel. When the inspection is completed, the two built-in motors control the two screws to rotate in opposite directions, so that the docking restriction component and the visual inspection component are reset, and the docking restriction component and the visual inspection component can be taken out, and then the docking is canceled and the equipment is withdrawn, and the inspection work is completed.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention uses the structural setting of the docking limiting component to guide the visual inspection component, so that the visual inspection component can run more smoothly, thereby enabling the visual inspection component to perform efficient and stable visual inspection work. The docking rod in the docking limiting component can move the limit protection mechanism, so that the limit protection mechanism expands, so that the limit protection mechanism contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel to perform limit protection work. The side rod docks with the adapter block through the electromagnetic suction cup to perform guided stretching work. The built-in motor drives the movement of the first vertical block ring through the screw rod, so that the first adjustment rod and the articulated seat drive the second adjustment rod to move. At this time, the first contact wheel and the matching support seat move in coordination, and the first contact wheel contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel to perform limit support work. At the same time, the first contact wheel can be telescopically adjusted through the first spring damping rod and the second spring damping rod, thereby improving the adaptability of movement in the pressure vessel.

[0017] Second, the present invention is used for visual inspection through the structural setting of the visual inspection component. The visual inspection component can be adjusted in multiple stages to adjust the position of the defect detection camera. When the gear disk drives the gear rod to move, the circular shaft follows the adapter block and the gear rod to move. The built-in motor and the screw drive in the gear rod control the third adjustment rod and the fourth adjustment rod to open in an umbrella-shaped structure, so that the second contact wheel can contact the inner wall of the pressure vessel. At the same time, the electrically controlled telescopic rod is extended and retracted to make the movable adjustment frame and the circular shaft move around the hinged shaft, thereby changing the inclination angle of the defect detection camera, thereby performing multi-position adjustment work and accurately performing defect detection and positioning work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main body of the present invention from the front perspective; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main body of the present invention from a side perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main body of the present invention from a rear perspective; Figure 4 This is a split diagram of the main body of the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the detection structure of the present invention; Figure 6 A perspective view of a docking restriction component in the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the docking restriction component in the present invention; Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the position limiting protection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified view of point A; Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the visual detection component in the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged view of point B.

[0020] In the figure: 1-pressure vessel, 2-feeding hole, 3-sealing detection hole, 4-base, 5-manhole, 6-detection structure, 7-docking restriction component, 8-visual detection component, 9-docking rod, 10-limit protection mechanism, 11-side rod, 12-electromagnetic suction cup, 13-built-in motor, 14-screw, 15-first adjusting rod, 16-hinge seat, 17-first stand ring, 18-positioning rod, 19-first positioning ring sleeve, 20-second adjusting rod, 21-first contact wheel, 22-matching support seat, 23-first spring damping rod, 24-base frame, 2 5-second spring damping rod, 26-first hinge ring seat, 27-adapter block, 28-second positioning ring sleeve, 29-third adjusting rod, 30-fourth adjusting rod, 31-second vertical block ring, 32-stepping motor, 33-toothed disc, 34-guide seat, 35-toothed rod, 36-second contact wheel, 37-third spring damping rod, 38-fourth spring damping rod, 39-second hinge ring seat, 40-lighting lamp, 41-movable adjustment frame, 42-articular shaft, 43-defect detection camera, 44-circular shaft, 45-electrically controlled telescopic rod, 46-articular matching seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0023] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a pressure vessel defect detection device of the present invention includes a pressure vessel 1, the lower end of the pressure vessel 1 is supported by a base 4, a sealing detection hole 3 is provided at the central side end of the pressure vessel 1, and a detection structure 6 is connected to the sealing detection hole 3. The detection structure 6 is slidably adjusted in the sealing detection hole 3; The detection structure 6 is used for defect detection in the sealing detection hole 3, and the detection structure 6 is combined by the docking restriction component 7 and the visual detection component 8. The docking restriction component 7 and the visual detection component 8 are magnetically docked. The docking restriction component 7 cooperates with the detection structure 6 for telescopic adjustment. The built-in motor 13 in the docking restriction component 7 drives the first block ring 17 to move through the screw rod 14, so that the first adjustment rod 15 and the second adjustment rod 20 move, changing the position of the first contact wheel 21 so that the first contact wheel 21 contacts the inner wall of the sealing detection hole 3. The visual detection component 8 moves through the first contact wheel 21. The built-in motor 13 and the screw rod 14 change the angular position of the third adjusting rod 29 and the fourth adjusting rod 30, thereby changing the position of the defect detection camera 43 to perform defect detection. The pressure vessel 1 can carry out production work, wherein the pressure vessel 1 is supported by the base 4. A manhole 5 is provided at the upper center end of the pressure vessel 1 for maintenance work. A sealing detection hole 3 is provided at the side end of the pressure vessel 1 to facilitate the installation and coordination of the detection structure 6, so that visual inspection work can be performed through the detection structure 6. A feed hole 2 is also provided on the pressure vessel 1 to facilitate the introduction of reactants into the pressure vessel.

[0024] The pressure vessel 1 is provided with a material inlet 2, a manhole 5 is provided at the center of the upper end of the pressure vessel 1, and a guide hole is provided at the lower end of the pressure vessel 1.

[0025] The docking limiting component 7 includes a docking rod 9, a limit protection mechanism 10, a side rod 11 and an electromagnetic suction cup 12. The side end of the docking rod 9 is fixedly connected to the side rod 11, and the side end of the side rod 11 is fixedly installed with an electromagnetic suction cup 12. The docking rod 9 slides and telescopes on the sealing detection hole 3, and the built-in motor 13 and the screw rod 14 are built into the docking rod 9. The built-in motor 13 is threadedly connected to the limit protection mechanism 10, and the side end of the limit protection mechanism 10 is fixedly connected to the side rod 11. Through the structural setting of the docking limiting component 7, it is used for the guiding work of the visual detection component 8, so that the visual detection component 8 can run more smoothly, so that the visual detection component 8 can perform efficient and stable visual detection work. The docking rod 9 in the docking limiting component 7 can make the limit The position protection mechanism 10 moves, causing the position limiting protection mechanism 10 to expand, thereby causing the position limiting protection mechanism 10 to contact the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 to perform position limiting protection work, and the side rod 11 is docked with the adapter block 27 through the electromagnetic suction cup 12 to perform guided stretching work, and the built-in motor 13 drives the movement of the first vertical block ring 17 through the screw rod 14, so that the first adjusting rod 15 and the articulated seat 16 drive the second adjusting rod 20 to move. At this time, the first contact wheel 21 and the matching support seat 22 move in coordination, and the first contact wheel 21 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 to perform position limiting support work. At the same time, the first contact wheel 21 can be telescopically adjusted through the first spring damping rod 23 and the second spring damping rod 25, thereby improving the adaptability of movement in the pressure vessel 1.

[0026] The position limiting protection mechanism 10 includes a first adjusting rod 15, a hinged seat 16, a first vertical block ring 17, a positioning rod 18, a first positioning ring sleeve 19 and a second adjusting rod 20. The first vertical block ring 17 is hinged with a hinged seat 16, and the first adjusting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the hinged seat 16. The side end of the first adjusting rod 15 is hinged with a second adjusting rod 20, and the lower end of the second adjusting rod 20 is hinged with a first positioning ring sleeve 19. The center of the first positioning ring sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 18.

[0027] The first adjusting rod 15 and the second adjusting rod 20 are hingedly arranged through the first hinge ring seat 26, and the first hinge ring seat 26 is fixedly connected with the second spring damping rod 25, and the second spring damping rod 25 is elastically connected with the matching support seat 22, and the matching support seat 22 is rotatably connected with the first contact wheel 21, and the side end of the matching support seat 22 is hinged with a first spring damping rod 23, and the lower end of the first spring damping rod 23 is hinged with a base frame 24, and the center of the base frame 24 is fixedly connected to the first hinge ring seat 26 to open the docking restriction component 7. At this time, the built-in motor 13 in the docking rod 9 controls the screw rod 14 to rotate, so that the first vertical block ring 17 moves on the docking rod 9, driving the first adjusting rod 15 and the hinge seat 16 to move, and the upper end of the first adjusting rod 15 is connected to the second The adjusting rod 20 is hingedly provided to drive the second adjusting rod 20 to rotate and adjust. The first positioning ring sleeve 19 and the positioning rod 18 are fixed to ensure that the support position remains unchanged. At this time, the connection position of the first adjusting rod 15 and the second adjusting rod 20 is raised until the first contact wheel 21 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 and stops moving. At this time, the first contact wheel 21 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 and can slide in the pressure vessel 1. The first spring damping rod 23 is hingedly provided on the base frame 24, and the first spring damping rod 23 is hingedly provided with a matching support seat 22 for side buffering. The second spring damping rod 25 is used to cooperate with the buffering of the center of the support seat 22, so that the first contact wheel 21 can be adjusted according to the environment of the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 when moving to prevent jamming problems.

[0028] The visual detection component 8 includes an adapter block 27, a second positioning ring sleeve 28, a third adjusting rod 29, a fourth adjusting rod 30, a second vertical block ring 31 and a stepper motor 32. The stepper motor 32 is installed at the upper end of the guide seat 34. The stepper motor 32 is driven and connected to a gear disc 33. The lower end of the gear disc 33 is meshed and connected to a gear rod 35. The upper sliding connection of the gear rod 35 is connected to the second vertical block ring 31. The second vertical block ring 31 is hingedly provided with a fourth adjusting rod 30. The upper end of the fourth adjusting rod 30 is hinged to the third adjusting rod 29. The lower end of the third adjusting rod 29 is hinged to the second positioning ring sleeve 28. The second positioning ring sleeve 28 is fixed on the adapter block 27.

[0029] The third adjusting rod 29 and the fourth adjusting rod 30 are hingedly arranged through the second hinge ring seat 39, and the upper end of the second hinge ring seat 39 is hingedly provided with a movable adjusting frame 41 through a hinge connection shaft 42. A lighting lamp 40 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the movable adjusting frame 41, and a defect detection camera 43 is fixedly installed on the other side of the upper end of the movable adjusting frame 41. The side end of the movable adjusting frame 41 is fixedly connected with a circular shaft 44, and an electric telescopic rod 45 is hingedly provided on the circular shaft 44. The lower end of the electric telescopic rod 45 is hingedly provided with an articulated matching seat 46, which is fixed on the fourth adjusting rod 30, and the second hinge ring seat 39 is connected with the second contact wheel 36 through the third spring damping rod 37 and the fourth spring damping rod 38. The built-in motor 13 in the gear rod 35 controls the screw rod 14 to rotate, so that the second vertical block ring 31 moves on the gear rod 35, driving the third adjusting rod 29 and the fourth adjusting rod 30 to move, so that the second contact wheel 36 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1, thereby This enables the visual inspection component 8 to fit the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 for movement adjustment. At this time, the second contact wheel 36 is buffered and protected by the fourth spring damping rod 38 and the fourth spring damping rod 38. At the same time, the lighting lamp 40 performs lighting work, and the defect detection camera 43 performs visual inspection work. At the same time, the electric telescopic rod 45 can change its angle through the articulated matching seat 46. The articulated matching seat 46 is fixed to the fourth adjustment rod 30. When the electric telescopic rod 45 is extended or retracted, it drives the movable adjustment frame 41 to rotate around the articulated shaft 42, changing the angle position of the lighting lamp 40 and the defect detection camera 43, and performing multi-position visual inspection work, thereby achieving the purpose of inspection inside the pressure vessel 1. When the inspection is completed, the two built-in motors 13 control the two screws 14 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the docking restriction component 7 and the visual inspection component 8 are reset, and the docking restriction component 7 and the visual inspection component 8 can be taken out, and then the docking is canceled and the equipment is withdrawn.

[0030] The adapter block 27 is magnetically docked with the electromagnetic chuck 12, the guide seat 34 is nested and fixed on the sealing detection hole 3 on the other side, and the stepper motor 32 controls the telescopic adjustment of the gear rod 35 through the gear disc 33, and the gear rod 35 adopts a multi-section docking design.

[0031] A built-in motor 13 and a screw rod 14 are also provided in the gear rod 35 for telescopic adjustment of the second vertical block ring 31. The electrically controlled telescopic rod 45 controls the lighting lamp 40, the defect detection camera 43, and the movable adjustment frame 41 to rotate and adjust around the hinge shaft 42 through telescopic adjustment, and the first contact wheel 21 and the second contact wheel 36 are in contact with the inside of the pressure vessel 1.

[0032] The working principle is as follows: when in use, the pressure vessel 1 can be used for production work, wherein the pressure vessel 1 is supported by a base 4, a manhole 5 is provided at the center upper end of the pressure vessel 1 for maintenance work, a sealing detection hole 3 is provided at the side end of the pressure vessel 1 to facilitate the installation and coordination of the detection structure 6, so that visual inspection work can be carried out through the detection structure 6, and a feed hole 2 is also provided on the pressure vessel 1 to facilitate the introduction of reactants into the pressure vessel; When inspection is required, the equipment is closed and the internal liquid is discharged at the same time. At this time, the sealing valve of the sealing inspection hole 3 is opened, and the docking restriction component 7 and the visual inspection component 8 are respectively connected to the sealing inspection holes 3 on both sides. The docking restriction component 7 and the visual inspection component 8 are docked through the electromagnetic suction cup 12 and the adapter block 27, and the electromagnetic suction cup 12 is energized to adsorb the adapter block 27. The visual inspection component 8 is fixed to the sealing inspection hole 3 through the guide seat 34. At this time, the stepping motor 32 works to drive the gear disc 33 to rotate, and the gear disc 33 engages with the gear rod 35 at the lower end, driving the gear rod 35 to move and adjust, so that the second vertical block ring 31 drives the adapter block 27, the second positioning ring sleeve 28, the third adjusting rod 29, the fourth adjusting rod 30, and the second vertical block ring 31 to follow the movement as a whole, and the gear rod 35 has a docking extension function; When in use, first open the docking limiting component 7. At this time, the built-in motor 13 in the docking rod 9 controls the screw rod 14 to rotate, so that the first vertical block ring 17 moves on the docking rod 9, driving the first adjusting rod 15 and the hinge seat 16 to push. The upper end of the first adjusting rod 15 is hingedly set with the second adjusting rod 20, driving the second adjusting rod 20 to rotate and adjust. The first positioning ring sleeve 19 and the positioning rod 18 are fixed to ensure that the support position remains unchanged. At this time, the connection position of the first adjusting rod 15 and the second adjusting rod 20 is raised until the first contact wheel 21 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1, and the movement can be stopped. At this time, the first contact wheel 21 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 and can slide in the pressure vessel 1. A first spring damping rod 23 is hingedly set on the base frame 24. A matching support seat 22 is hingedly set on the first spring damping rod 23 to provide side buffering. The second spring damping rod 25 is used to cooperate with the buffering of the center of the support seat 22, so that the first contact wheel 21 can be adjusted according to the environment of the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 when moving to prevent jamming. Afterwards, the built-in motor 13 in the gear rod 35 controls the screw rod 14 to rotate, so that the second block ring 31 moves on the gear rod 35, driving the third adjustment rod 29 and the fourth adjustment rod 30 to move, so that the second contact wheel 36 contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1, so that the visual inspection component 8 can fit the inner wall of the pressure vessel 1 for movement adjustment. At this time, the second contact wheel 36 is buffered and protected by the fourth spring damping rod 38 and the fourth spring damping rod 38. At the same time, the lighting lamp 40 performs lighting work, the defect detection camera 43 performs visual inspection work, and the electric control telescopic rod 45 can be hinged to the matching seat 46. The angle can be changed, the articulated matching seat 46 is fixed to the fourth adjusting rod 30, and when the electric telescopic rod 45 is extended or retracted, it drives the movable adjustment frame 41 to rotate around the articulated shaft 42, thereby changing the angle position of the lighting lamp 40 and the defect detection camera 43, and performing multi-position visual inspection work, thereby achieving the purpose of inspection inside the pressure vessel 1. When the inspection is completed, the two built-in motors 13 control the two screw rods 14 to rotate in opposite directions, so that the docking restriction component 7 and the visual inspection component 8 are reset, and the docking restriction component 7 and the visual inspection component 8 can be taken out, and then the docking is canceled and the equipment is withdrawn, and the inspection work is completed.

[0033] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure vessel defect detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pressure vessel (1), wherein the lower end of the pressure vessel (1) is supported by a base (4), a sealing detection hole (3) is provided at a central side end of the pressure vessel (1), a detection structure (6) is connected to the sealing detection hole (3), and the detection structure (6) is slidably adjusted in the sealing detection hole (3); The detection structure (6) is used for defect detection in the sealing detection hole (3), and the detection structure (6) is combined by a docking restriction component (7) and a visual detection component (8), the docking restriction component (7) and the visual detection component (8) are magnetically docked, the docking restriction component (7) cooperates with the detection structure (6) for telescopic adjustment, the built-in motor (13) in the docking restriction component (7) drives the first vertical block ring (17) to move through the screw rod (14), so that the first adjustment rod (15) and the second adjustment rod (20) move, and the position of the first contact wheel (21) is changed, so that the first contact wheel (21) contacts the inner wall of the sealing detection hole (3), and the built-in motor (13) and the screw rod (14) in the first contact wheel (21) on the visual detection component (8) change the angle position of the third adjustment rod (29) and the fourth adjustment rod (30), thereby changing the position of the defect detection camera (43) to perform defect detection.

2. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure vessel (1) is provided with a material inlet (2), a manhole (5) is provided at the center of the upper end of the pressure vessel (1), and a guide hole is provided at the lower end of the pressure vessel (1).

3. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The docking limiting component (7) comprises a docking rod (9), a position limiting protection mechanism (10), a side rod (11) and an electromagnetic suction cup (12). The side end of the docking rod (9) is fixedly connected to the side rod (11), and the side end of the side rod (11) is fixedly installed with the electromagnetic suction cup (12). The docking rod (9) is slidably and telescopically adjusted on the sealing detection hole (3), and a built-in motor (13) and a screw rod (14) are built into the docking rod (9). The built-in motor (13) is threadedly connected to the position limiting protection mechanism (10), and the side end of the position limiting protection mechanism (10) is fixedly connected to the side rod (11).

4. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position limiting protection mechanism (10) comprises a first adjusting rod (15), an articulated seat (16), a first vertical block ring (17), a positioning rod (18), a first positioning ring sleeve (19) and a second adjusting rod (20), wherein the first vertical block ring (17) is hingedly provided with an articulated seat (16), the articulated seat (16) is fixedly connected to the first adjusting rod (15), the side end of the first adjusting rod (15) is hingedly provided with a second adjusting rod (20), the lower end of the second adjusting rod (20) is hingedly provided with a first positioning ring sleeve (19), and the center of the first positioning ring sleeve (19) is fixedly connected to the positioning rod (18).

5. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first adjusting rod (15) and the second adjusting rod (20) are hingedly connected via a first hinged ring seat (26); a second spring damping rod (25) is fixedly connected to the first hinged ring seat (26); a matching support seat (22) is elastically connected to the second spring damping rod (25); a first contact wheel (21) is rotatably connected to the matching support seat (22); a first spring damping rod (23) is hingedly provided at a side end of the matching support seat (22); a base frame (24) is hingedly provided at a lower end of the first spring damping rod (23); and a center of the base frame (24) is fixedly connected to the first hinged ring seat (26).

6. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The visual detection component (8) includes an adapter block (27), a second positioning ring sleeve (28), a third adjustment rod (29), a fourth adjustment rod (30), a second vertical block ring (31) and a stepper motor (32). The stepper motor (32) is mounted on the upper end of the guide seat (34). A toothed disc (33) is connected to the stepper motor (32). The lower end of the toothed disc (33) is meshed with a gear rod (35). The upper end of the gear rod (35) is connected to the second vertical block ring (31). The second vertical block ring (31) is hingedly provided with a fourth adjustment rod (30). The upper end of the fourth adjustment rod (30) is hingedly arranged with the third adjustment rod (29). The lower end of the third adjustment rod (29) is hingedly arranged with the second positioning ring sleeve (28). The second positioning ring sleeve (28) is fixed on the adapter block (27).

7. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third adjustment rod (29) and the fourth adjustment rod (30) are hingedly arranged through the second hinged ring seat (39); the upper end of the second hinged ring seat (39) is hingedly provided with a movable adjustment frame (41) through a hinged connecting shaft (42); a lighting lamp (40) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the movable adjustment frame (41); a defect detection camera (43) is fixedly installed on the other side of the upper end of the movable adjustment frame (41); a circular shaft (44) is fixedly connected to the side end of the movable adjustment frame (41); an electric control telescopic rod (45) is hingedly provided on the circular shaft (44); the lower end of the electric control telescopic rod (45) is hingedly provided with a hinged matching seat (46); the hinged matching seat (46) is fixed on the fourth adjustment rod (30); and the second hinged ring seat (39) is connected to the second contact wheel (36) through a third spring damping rod (37) and a fourth spring damping rod (38).

8. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adapter block (27) is magnetically docked with the electromagnetic chuck (12), the guide seat (34) is nested and fixed on the sealing detection hole (3) on the other side, and the stepping motor (32) controls the telescopic adjustment of the gear rod (35) through the gear disc (33), and the gear rod (35) adopts a multi-section docking design.

9. The pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gear rod (35) is also provided with a built-in motor (13) and a screw rod (14) for telescopic adjustment of the second vertical block ring (31). The electrically controlled telescopic rod (45) controls the lighting lamp (40), the defect detection camera (43), and the movable adjustment frame (41) to rotate and adjust around the hinge shaft (42) by telescoping, and the first contact wheel (21) and the second contact wheel (36) are in contact with the inside of the pressure vessel (1).

10. A method for detecting defects in a pressure vessel, using the pressure vessel defect detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, the sealing valve of the sealing detection hole (3) is opened, and the docking limiting component (7) and the visual detection component (8) are respectively connected to the sealing detection holes (3) on both sides. The docking limiting component (7) and the visual detection component (8) are docked through the electromagnetic suction cup (12) and the adapter block (27), and the electromagnetic suction cup (12) is energized to adsorb the adapter block (27). The visual detection component (8) is fixed to the sealing detection hole (3) through the guide seat (34). At this time, the stepping motor (32) works to drive the gear disc (33) to rotate. The gear disc (33) engages with the gear rod (35) at the lower end, driving the gear rod (35) to move and adjust, so that the second vertical block ring (31) drives the adapter block (27), the second positioning ring sleeve (28), the third adjustment rod (29), the fourth adjustment rod (30), and the second vertical block ring (31) to follow the movement as a whole, and the gear rod (35) has a docking extension function; S2. After that, the docking limiting component (7) is opened. At this time, the built-in motor (13) in the docking rod (9) controls the screw rod (14) to rotate, so that the first vertical block ring (17) moves on the docking rod (9), driving the first adjustment rod (15) and the hinge seat (16) to move. The upper end of the first adjustment rod (15) is hinged with the second adjustment rod (20), driving the second adjustment rod (20) to rotate and adjust. The first positioning ring sleeve (19) and the positioning rod (18) are fixed to ensure that the support position remains unchanged. At this time, the connection position of the first adjustment rod (15) and the second adjustment rod (20) is convex. The first contact wheel (21) is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure vessel (1) and stops moving. At this time, the first contact wheel (21) is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure vessel (1) and can slide in the pressure vessel (1). A first spring damping rod (23) is hingedly provided on the bottom frame (24). A matching support seat (22) is hingedly provided on the first spring damping rod (23) to provide side buffering. A second spring damping rod (25) is used to provide buffering at the center of the matching support seat (22), so that the first contact wheel (21) can be adjusted according to the environment of the inner wall of the pressure vessel (1) when moving. S3. Afterwards, the built-in motor (13) in the gear rod (35) controls the screw rod (14) to rotate, so that the second vertical block ring (31) moves on the gear rod (35), driving the third adjustment rod (29) and the fourth adjustment rod (30) to move, so that the second contact wheel (36) contacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel (1), so that the visual inspection component (8) can fit the inner wall of the pressure vessel (1) for movement adjustment. At this time, the second contact wheel (36) is buffered and protected by the fourth spring damping rod (38) and the fourth spring damping rod (38), and at the same time, the lighting lamp (40) performs lighting work, and the defect detection camera (43) performs visual inspection work; S4. Finally, the electric telescopic rod (45) can change its angle through the hinged matching seat (46). The hinged matching seat (46) is fixed to the fourth adjustment rod (30). When the electric telescopic rod (45) is extended or retracted, it drives the movable adjustment frame (41) to rotate around the hinged connecting shaft (42), changing the angle position of the lighting lamp (40) and the defect detection camera (43), and performing multi-position visual inspection work, thereby achieving the purpose of inspection inside the pressure vessel (1). When the inspection is completed, the two built-in motors (13) control the two screw rods (14) to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the docking restriction component (7) and the visual inspection component (8) are reset, and the docking restriction component (7) and the visual inspection component (8) can be taken out. After that, the docking is canceled and the equipment is withdrawn, thus completing the inspection work.

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