Hammer-type circulating pulverizer for feed preparation raw materials

Abstract

The application discloses a hammer type circulating pulverizer for feed preparation raw materials and relates to the technical field of feed pulverizers, which comprises a base, a pulverizing box is arranged on the top of the base, and a feeding port is formed in the top of the pulverizing box; a rotor is rotationally connected to the pulverizing box; a hammer blade is movably connected to the rotor; a screen blade is arranged on the outer side of the hammer blade in the pulverizing box; a power system for driving the rotor to rotate is further arranged on the top of the base; two groups of supporting units are arranged on the pulverizing box in a symmetrical mode, and the two groups of supporting units are respectively used for supporting the two ends of the screen blade; and the raw materials can be better pulverized, and the pulverizing efficiency of the raw materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed grinders, in particular to a hammer-type circulating grinder for feed preparation raw materials. Background Art

[0002] Hammer mills are widely used in the feed industry due to their high crushing efficiency and flexible adjustment. Hammer mills use hammers to strike the raw material, forcing it to collide with the screen at high speed, crushing it. Once the raw material is circulated and crushed to a fineness that can pass through the screen, the airflow generated by the negative pressure suction system below the crushing chamber forces the material through the screen holes and out of the crushing chamber. When the hammers are operating, their primary working area is the outer edge of the hammers and the side area near the screen. This can lead to wear and tear over time, shortening the hammer length, and increasing the gap between the hammer and the screen, significantly reducing the hammer's impact efficiency and crushing ability.

[0003] Existing screens are usually made of bent thin steel plates. In order to prevent the screen from rebounding and deforming during operation, the screen is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box by bolts. Therefore, after the hammers are worn, the hammer-screen gap can only be adjusted by changing the length of the hammers extending from the rotor. Changing the length of the hammers extending from the rotor not only requires stopping the machine for operation, but also in medium and large hammer mills, there are many hammers, which makes it difficult and time-consuming to adjust them one by one, which will affect the feed crushing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hammer-type circulating grinder for feed preparation raw materials, comprising a machine base, a crushing box mounted on the top of the machine base, a feed inlet being opened on the top of the crushing box; a rotor rotatably connected to the crushing box; hammers movably connected to the rotor; a screen located outside the hammers being mounted in the crushing box; a power system for driving the rotor to rotate being further mounted on the top of the machine base; two groups of symmetrically arranged support units being provided on the crushing box, the two groups of support units being respectively used to support the two ends of the screen;

[0006] The support unit includes support block 1, support block 2, support block 3, multiple pressure rollers and a driving part; support block 1 is fixedly connected to the crushing box, and support block 2 and support block 3 are horizontally slidably connected to the crushing box; support block 1, support block 2 and support block 3 are all configured as incomplete circular rings, coaxially arranged with the rotor, and the inner diameter decreases successively; support block 1, support block 2 and support block 3 are all used to support the outer wall of the screen; multiple pressure rollers are equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction of support block 1, and slides are installed on the pressure rollers, which are slidably connected to the crushing box; elastic parts are installed on the slides for their reset; the driving part is used to squeeze the screen and enable support block 1, support block 2 and support block 3 to support the screen in sequence.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the driving part includes two driving rollers and a linear driving mechanism; the two driving rollers are rotatably connected to the crushing box, are symmetrically arranged, and are tangent to the screen; sprocket 1 and gear 1 are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts of the two driving rollers respectively; gear 1 is engaged with gear 2; gear 2 is rotatably connected to the crushing box, and sprocket 2 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and sprocket 1 and sprocket 2 are connected by chain transmission; sprocket 1 is connected to motor 2 to provide power for it; the linear driving mechanism is used to drive support block 2 and support block 3 to move horizontally.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, a traction rope 1 is fixedly connected to each of the slides, and a plurality of traction ropes 1 are fixedly connected to a traction plate at one end away from the slide, and the traction plate is slidably connected to the crushing box; a sprocket 3 is rotatably connected to the crushing box, and the sprocket 3 is connected to the chain transmission; a winding roller is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the sprocket 3, and a traction rope 2 is fixedly connected to the winding roller; the traction rope 2 is fixedly connected to the traction plate at one end away from the winding roller.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the elastic member includes a spring 1, and both ends of the spring 1 are fixedly connected to the crushing box and the slide plate respectively.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the top of the crushing box is rotatably connected to two guide plates, which are located inside the feed port and are telescopic structures; the bottom ends of the two guide plates are rotatably connected to the two ends of the screen respectively.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the guide plate and the screen are connected via a pin.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, push blocks are provided on two sides of the support block; limit blocks for limiting the support block are provided on three sides, and wedge surfaces are provided on the sides of the push block; a push rod for driving the limit block to move is fixedly connected to the push block.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the power system includes a bearing seat and motor 1, wherein a bearing supporting the rotor is installed in the bearing seat, and the motor 1 is used to provide power to the rotor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention arranges support block one, support block two, support block three and a driving part. Support block one, support block two and support block three are all arranged as incomplete circular rings, and the inner diameters decrease successively. When the hammer wears out and causes the gap between the hammer and screen to increase, and the hammer is difficult to effectively hit the raw material, the driving part first drives the screen to retract, so that the screen moves to the inside of support block two, and then drives support block two to move to the inside of support block one, so that support block two replaces support block one to support the screen. Under the action of its own elasticity and the pressure roller, the screen can ensure to fit with support block two, the diameter of the arc section on the screen is reduced, and the gap between the hammer and the screen is reduced. The gap between the hammer and the screen returns to the optimal state, so that the raw material can be better crushed. The retraction of the screen and the movement of support block two can be carried out when the equipment is running (the rotor and hammer are working), without stopping the machine, and the operation is simple, which can further improve the crushing efficiency of the raw material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing box structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crushing box and its internal structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of part of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the driving part structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit block, push block and push rod of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the support block 2 supporting the screen plate of the present invention.

[0025] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0026] 1- base, 2- crushing box, 3- guide plate, 4- bearing seat, 5- motor 1, 6- feed port, 7- discharge port, 8- rotor, 9- hammer, 10- screen, 11- support block 1, 12- support block 2, 13- support block 3, 14- pressure roller, 15- slide plate, 16- spring 1, 17- traction rope 1, 18- driving roller, 19- sprocket 1, 20- gear 1, 21- gear 2, 22- sprocket 2, 23- sprocket 3, 24- winding roller, 25- traction rope 2, 26- traction plate, 27- motor 2, 28- limit block, 29- push block, 30- push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See also Figures 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a hammer-type circulating grinder for feed preparation raw materials, comprising a machine base 1, a crushing box 2 is installed on the top of the machine base 1, and a feed inlet 6 is opened on the top of the crushing box 2; a rotor 8 is rotatably connected to the crushing box 2; the rotor 8 is movably connected to the hammer 9; a screen 10 is installed on the outside of the hammer 9 in the crushing box 2; a power system for driving the rotor 8 to rotate is also installed on the top of the machine base 1; two groups of symmetrically arranged support units are provided on the crushing box 2, and the two groups of support units are respectively used to support the two ends of the screen 10; the support unit includes a support block 11, a support block 2 12, a support block 3 13, a plurality of pressure rollers 14 and a driving part; the support block 11 and the crushing Box 2 is fixedly connected, support block two 12 and support block three 13 are horizontally slidably connected to the crushing box 2; support block one 11, support block two 12 and support block three 13 are all set to incomplete circular rings, coaxially arranged with the rotor 8, and the inner diameter decreases successively; support block one 11, support block two 12 and support block three 13 are all used to support the outer wall of the screen 10; multiple pressure rollers 14 are equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction of support block one 11, and slides 15 are installed on the pressure rollers 14, and the slides 15 are slidably connected to the crushing box 2; an elastic member for its reset is installed on the slide 15; the driving part is used to squeeze the screen 10 and make support block one 11, support block two 12 and support block three 13 support the screen 10 in sequence.

[0029] refer to Figure 8, the raw material is added to the crushing box 2 from the feed port 6 at the top of the crushing box 2; the power system drives the rotor 8 to drive the hammer 9 to rotate at high speed; after the raw material is hit by the hammer, it is thrown to the screen 10 at high speed under the action of centrifugal force. After the raw material is crushed to a specified fineness, it falls from the sieve holes on the screen 10, and then falls out from the discharge port 7 at the bottom of the crushing box 2; in the initial state, the outer wall of the screen 10 fits with the inner wall of the support block 11, and the pressure roller 14 located on the inner side of the screen 10 cooperates with the slide 15 and the elastic member to press the screen 10 tightly against the support block 11. The end of the screen 10 is completely fitted with the support block 11, and the contact area is large, which can prevent the screen from The sheet 10 is deformed to ensure that the screen sheet 10 works stably; the support block 11 is an incomplete ring. When the middle section of the screen sheet 10 is completely fitted with the support block 11, the middle section of the screen sheet 10 is in an arc shape, and the gap between the screen sheet 10 and the hammer 9 remains constant, which helps the hammer 9 to hit the raw material stably; when the hammer 9 works for a long time, the end of the hammer that hits the material is gradually worn out, resulting in a decrease in length, and the hammer-screen gap between the hammer 9 and the screen sheet 10 increases. The hammer cannot effectively capture the material, resulting in the material piling up at the bottom of the screen sheet 10, and the discharge amount of the discharge port 7 is significantly reduced; at this time, the driving part starts to work, and the driving part first drives the top two ends of the screen sheet 10 to Figure 8 The screen 10 moves in the directions of v3 and v4, and the arc section of the screen 10 is closed and separated from the support block 11. At this time, the screen 10 is inside the support block 2 12; then the driving unit drives the support block 2 12 to move inside the crushing box 2 until the end of the support block 2 12 moves to be flush with the end of the support block 1 11, and the support block 2 12 moves to the inside of the support block 1 11; then, the driving unit can release the screen 10, and after the tension acting on the screen 10 disappears, the screen 10 made of steel plate expands outward under the action of its own elastic force; Figure 9When the hammer screen gap is increased due to the wear of the hammer piece 9, the hammer piece 9 cannot effectively hit the raw materials, the driving part first drives the screen piece 10 to fold, so that the screen piece 10 moves to the inside of the support block two 12, and then the support block two 12 is driven to move to the inside of the support block one 11, so that the support block two 12 replaces the support block one 11 to support the screen piece 10; under the action of the elasticity of the screen piece 10 and the pressure roller 14, the screen piece 10 can be guaranteed to be attached to the support block two 12, the diameter of the arc segment on the screen piece 10 is reduced, and the gap between the hammer piece 9 and the screen piece 10 is reduced; the hammer screen gap is returned to the optimal state, so that the raw materials can be better crushed; the folding of the screen piece 10 and the movement of the support block two 12 can be carried out when the equipment is running (the rotor 8 and the hammer piece 9 are working), without stopping, the operation is simple, and the crushing efficiency of the raw materials can be further improved.

[0030] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 , the driving part comprises two driving rollers 18 and a linear driving mechanism; the two driving rollers 18 are both rotationally connected with the crushing box 2, are symmetrically arranged, and are tangent to the screen piece 10; the rotation shafts of the two driving rollers 18 are respectively fixedly connected with a chain wheel one 19 and a gear one 20; the gear one 20 is engaged with a gear two 21; the gear two 21 is rotationally connected with the crushing box 2, and the rotation shaft thereof is fixedly connected with a chain wheel two 22, the chain wheel one 19 and the chain wheel two 22 are drivingly connected through a chain; the chain wheel one 19 is connected with a motor two 27 for providing power; the linear driving mechanism is used for driving the support block two 12 and the support block three 13 to move horizontally.

[0031] Referring to Figure 6 , when the driving part works, first, the motor two 27 drives the chain wheel one 19 to rotate, the chain wheel one 19 drives the chain wheel two 22 to synchronously rotate through the chain; the chain wheel two 22 drives the gear one 20 to synchronously rotate through the gear two 21; the chain wheel one 19 and the gear one 20 drive the two driving rollers 18 to synchronously and reversely rotate; as Figure 8As shown, the two drive rollers 18 rotate in the v1 and v2 directions respectively; the two drive rollers 18 drive the two ends of the screen sheet 10 to move upward in the v3 and v4 directions respectively, and the middle section of the screen sheet 10 is folded inward; then the linear drive mechanism drives the support block two 12 to move inward in the crushing box 2 until the end of the support block two 12 is flush with the end of the support block one 11; then the motor two 27 stops working, and the screen sheet 10 can expand outward under the elastic action of itself until the screen sheet 10 is attached to the inner wall of the support block two 12; the linear drive mechanism can be a mature existing technology such as a cylinder or a linear motor, which will not be described here.

[0032] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5 The sliding plate 15 is fixedly connected with the traction rope one 17, and the ends of the plurality of traction ropes one 17 away from the sliding plate 15 are fixedly connected with the traction plate 26, which is slidingly connected with the crushing box 2; the crushing box 2 is rotatably connected with the sprocket three 23, which is drivingly connected with the chain; the rotating shaft of the sprocket three 23 is fixedly connected with the winding roller 24, and the winding roller 24 is fixedly connected with the traction rope two 25; the end of the traction rope two 25 away from the winding roller 24 is fixedly connected with the traction plate 26.

[0033] During the operation of the motor two 27, the sprocket one 19 drives the sprocket three 23 to rotate synchronously through the chain, the sprocket three 23 drives the winding roller 24 to rotate and wind the traction rope two 25, and the traction rope two 25 drives the traction plate 26 to move outward; the traction plate 26 drives one end of the traction rope one 17 to move outward synchronously, and the other end of the traction rope one 17 drives the sliding plate 15 and the compression roller 14 to move radially along the rotor 8; when the drive part drives the middle section of the screen sheet 10 to fold, it can drive the compression roller 14 to move synchronously and in the same direction; the power for the compression roller 14 to move inward is provided by the drive part, so as to avoid the screen sheet 10 from deforming due to the thrust applied by the screen sheet 10 to the compression roller 14, and the screen sheet 10 can work better.

[0034] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 The elastic member includes the spring one 16, and the two ends of the spring one 16 are fixedly connected with the crushing box 2 and the sliding plate 15 respectively.

[0035] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 The top of the crushing box 2 is rotatably connected with two guide plates 3, the guide plates 3 are located inside the feeding port 6 and have a telescopic structure; the bottom ends of the two guide plates 3 are rotatably connected with the two ends of the screen sheet 10.

[0036] Referring to Figure 8 When the two ends of the top of the screen sheet 10 move in the v3 and v4 directions respectively, the screen sheet 10 drives the bottom ends of the guide plates 3 to rotate to Figure 8The dotted line state is shown in FIG; at this time, the distance between the bottom ends of the two guide plates 3 is reduced. In the process of replacing the support block 2 12 to support the screen 10, the speed of the raw materials falling from the feed port 6 to the crushing box 2 is slowed down to avoid excessive accumulation of raw materials that have not been crushed in time on the screen 10; after the support block 2 12 moves to the inside of the support block 11 and the screen 10 expands outward, the guide plate 3 returns to Figure 9 In the state shown, although the distance between the bottom ends of the guide plates 3 is reduced, it does not affect the falling of the raw materials from the feed port 6.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the guide plate 3 and the screen piece 10 are connected by a pin shaft. When the screen piece 10 needs to be removed, the screen piece 10 can be directly pulled out from the guide plate 3, which can facilitate the replacement of the screen piece 10.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, a push block 29 is provided on the side of the support block 2 12; a limit block 28 for limiting the position of the support block 3 13 is provided on the side of the support block 3 13, and a wedge-shaped surface is provided on the side of the push block 29; a push rod 30 is fixedly connected to the push block 29 for driving the limit block 28 to move; when the support block 2 12 moves toward the inside of the crushing box 2, the support block 2 12 moves until it contacts the wedge-shaped surface on the push block 29, and the support block 2 12 drives the push block 29 to move outward, and the push block 29 drives the limit block 28 to move outward synchronously through the push rod 30. After the support block 2 12 moves to the inside of the support block 1 11, the limit block 28 cancels the limit on the support block 3 13; when the driving part works next time, the support block 3 13 can move toward the inside of the crushing box 2; thereby ensuring that the support block 2 12 and the support block 3 13 can work in sequence, the adjustment of the screen 10 can be gradual, and the hammer 9 can work better.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power system includes a bearing seat 4 and a motor 5. The bearing seat 4 is equipped with bearings for supporting the rotor 8. The motor 5 is used to provide power to the rotor 8.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hammer-type circulating pulverizer for feed preparation raw materials, comprising a machine base (1), a pulverizing box (2) mounted on the top of the machine base (1), a feed inlet (6) being provided on the top of the pulverizing box (2); a rotor (8) being rotatably connected to the pulverizing box (2); hammers (9) being movably connected to the rotor (8); a screen (10) being mounted in the pulverizing box (2) and located outside the hammers (9); a power system for driving the rotor (8) to rotate is also mounted on the top of the machine base (1); and characterized in that: The crushing box (2) is provided with two groups of symmetrically arranged support units, and the two groups of support units are used to support the two ends of the screen (10) respectively; The support unit comprises a support block 1 (11), a support block 2 (12), a support block 3 (13), a plurality of pressure rollers (14) and a driving part; the support block 1 (11) is fixedly connected to the crushing box (2), and the support block 2 (12) and the support block 3 (13) are horizontally slidably connected to the crushing box (2); the support block 1 (11), the support block 2 (12) and the support block 3 (13) are all configured as incomplete circular rings, arranged coaxially with the rotor (8), and the inner diameters decrease successively; ... The second support block (12) and the third support block (13) are both used to support the outer wall of the screen (10); a plurality of pressure rollers (14) are equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support block (11); a slide plate (15) is installed on each of the pressure rollers (14), and the slide plate (15) is slidably connected to the crushing box (2); an elastic member for resetting the slide plate (15) is installed on the slide plate (15); the driving part is used to squeeze the screen (10) and enable the support block (11), the support block (2) and the support block (13) to support the screen (10) in sequence.

2. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving portion includes two driving rollers (18) and a linear driving mechanism; the two driving rollers (18) are both rotatably connected to the crushing box (2), are symmetrically arranged, and are tangent to the screen (10); sprocket 1 (19) and gear 1 (20) are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts of the two driving rollers (18); gear 1 (20) is meshed with gear 2 (21); gear 2 (21) is rotatably connected to the crushing box (2), and sprocket 2 (22) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and sprocket 1 (19) and sprocket 2 (22) are connected through a chain transmission; sprocket 1 (19) is connected to motor 2 (27) for providing power thereto; the linear driving mechanism is used to drive support block 2 (12) and support block 3 (13) to move horizontally.

3. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide plate (15) is fixedly connected to a traction rope (17), and the ends of the plurality of traction ropes (17) away from the slide plate (15) are fixedly connected to a traction plate (26), and the traction plate (26) is slidably connected to the crushing box (2); the crushing box (2) is rotatably connected to a sprocket wheel (23), and the sprocket wheel (23) is connected to a chain transmission; the rotating shaft of the sprocket wheel (23) is fixedly connected to a winding roller (24), and the winding roller (24) is fixedly connected to a traction rope (25); the end of the traction rope (25) away from the winding roller (24) is fixedly connected to the traction plate (26).

4. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member comprises a spring 1 (16), and both ends of the spring 1 (16) are fixedly connected to the crushing box (2) and the slide plate (15) respectively.

5. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the crushing box (2) is rotatably connected to two guide plates (3), which are located inside the feed port (6) and are telescopic structures; the bottom ends of the two guide plates (3) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the screen (10) respectively.

6. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material guide plate (3) is connected to the screen plate (10) via a pin shaft.

7. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A push block (29) is provided on the side of the second support block (12); a limit block (28) for limiting the position of the third support block (13) is provided on the side of the third support block (13); a wedge-shaped surface is provided on the side of the push block (29); and a push rod (30) for driving the limit block (28) to move is fixedly connected to the push block (29).

8. The hammer-type circulating mill for feed preparation raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system comprises a bearing seat (4) and a motor (5), wherein a bearing supporting a rotor (8) is installed in the bearing seat (4), and the motor (5) is used to provide power for the rotor (8).

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