Heeling cabin structure and full-automatic anti-heeling system of ship

Abstract

According to the heeling cabin structure and the full-automatic ship heeling-resistant system, a U-shaped heeling-resistant cabin is utilized, and the heeling-resistant cabin is arranged at the midship part of a ship length according to a ship-shaped outer plate; vertical parts on the left side and the right side of the anti-heeling cabin correspond to ship bodies on the two sides of the ship, and a connecting part at the bottom of the anti-heeling cabin corresponds to a bottom ship body of the ship; through the position of ballast seawater in the anti-heeling cabin, the gravity center of the anti-heeling cabin is adjusted, and then the posture of the ship is adjusted. The air compressor and valve control are adopted, left-right lightering of seawater is achieved, and transverse inclination of the ship is prevented; the system is simple in structure and low in purchase and installation cost; a centralized control and monitoring system is adopted, remote monitoring and remote control of a master console are achieved, and accurate control over ship heeling is achieved; the automation degree of the ship is improved, and the workload of sailors is reduced; heeling and shaking of the ship are reduced, and the comfort of sailors or passengers is improved; the released waste gas is used for providing power for heeling resistance, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ship design, and in particular relates to a heeling tank structure and a fully automatic anti-heeling system for a ship. Background Art

[0002] When a ship is docked to load or unload cargo (such as containers), the ship will experience corresponding lateral tilt and sway due to changes in the cargo load; or when the ship's beam is narrow, the ship will experience lateral sway due to the action of waves or wind, which greatly affects the ship's operating safety and comfort. The existing method is usually to install anti-roll fins to reduce the impact of the ship's lateral tilt on the ship.

[0003] Using fin stabilizers to reduce the impact of heeling on a ship can lead to the following problems:

[0004] 1. The procurement and installation costs of fin stabilizers are high.

[0005] 2. The fin stabilizer can only effectively reduce heel when the ship is sailing at high speed.

[0006] 3. The fin stabilizers are installed on the outside of the ship and are affected by marine shells. The maintenance cost is high and they often need to be docked for major repairs regularly. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a heeling tank structure which can also serve as a ballast tank of the hull, comprising:

[0008] The anti-heeling tank has a U-shaped structure and is arranged at the midship of the ship according to the outer plate of the ship type; the vertical parts on the left and right sides of the anti-heeling tank correspond to the two side hulls of the ship, and the connecting part at the bottom of the anti-heeling tank corresponds to the bottom hull of the ship; by ballasting seawater in the position of the anti-heeling tank, the center of gravity of the anti-heeling tank is adjusted, and then the posture of the ship is adjusted.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0010] There are two gas pipes in total, and the hatches of the two gas pipes are respectively located at the top of the vertical parts on the left and right sides of the anti-heeling tank;

[0011] There are two exhaust pipes in total, and the hatch openings of the two exhaust pipes are respectively located at the top of the vertical parts on the left and right sides of the anti-roll cabin.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas pipeline is provided with a gas valve, and an air compressor is provided at the end of the gas pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, an exhaust valve is provided on the exhaust pipe, and the end of the exhaust pipe is arranged outside the ship.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the exhaust pipe is located at the connecting portion of the bottom of the anti-heeling tank;

[0015] The ends of the two exhaust pipes are arranged crosswise, that is, the end of the exhaust pipe at the top of the left vertical part of the anti-roll tank is located below the right vertical part of the anti-roll tank, and the end of the exhaust pipe at the top of the right vertical part of the anti-roll tank is located below the left vertical part of the anti-roll tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the diameter of the exhaust pipe is 1.5 times the diameter of the gas transmission pipe.

[0017] A fully automatic anti-heeling system for ships, comprising the above-mentioned heeling compartment structure, further comprising:

[0018] Inclinometer, used to monitor the ship's tilt angle and transmit the monitoring results to the main controller in real time;

[0019] The main controller is used to control related equipment to adjust the center of gravity of the heel tank structure in the other direction according to the left and right heel directions when the ship's heel angle is greater than a preset value.

[0020] Furthermore, controlling relevant equipment to adjust the center of gravity of the heel cabin structure in another direction according to the left and right heel directions includes:

[0021] When the ship's left tilt exceeds a preset value, air is pumped into the vertical part of the anti-heel tank corresponding to the left side, and the air on the top of the other vertical part of the anti-heel tank is released at the same time, so that the seawater in the anti-heel tank gathers to the right, and the center of gravity of the ship is adjusted to the right;

[0022] When the ship's right tilt exceeds a preset value, air is pumped into the vertical part of the anti-heel tank corresponding to the right side, and at the same time, the air on the top of the other vertical part of the anti-heel tank is released, so that the seawater in the anti-heel tank gathers to the left, and the center of gravity of the ship is adjusted to the left.

[0023] Furthermore, the air discharged from the top of the vertical part of the anti-heeling tank is guided and transported to the bottom of the side of the ship's tilting direction, providing an upward force for the hull on that side, thereby assisting in adjusting the center of gravity of the ship.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0025] The inspection circuit connected to each device in the system is used to check the working status of each device in the system and transmit it to the main controller;

[0026] A pressure sensor installed on the inner wall of the anti-heel tank is used to monitor the position of the ballast water in the anti-heel tank and transmit it to the main controller;

[0027] When any device in the system encounters a fault and fails to start normally, the faulty device will feed back the resistance signal to the main controller through the PLC and issue an alarm. The alarm can be issued in multiple key locations; and the operating status and the liquid level position information of the anti-roll tank can be visually monitored in the alarm location.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention adopts air compressor and valve control to realize the left and right transfer of seawater and prevent the ship from heeling;

[0030] 2. The system and structure are simple, and the purchase and installation costs are low;

[0031] 3. Adopt centralized control and monitoring system to realize remote monitoring and remote control of the main control console and achieve precise control of ship heel;

[0032] 4. Improved the degree of ship automation and reduced the workload of crew members;

[0033] 5. Reduces the ship's rolling and pitch, improving the comfort of crew members and passengers;

[0034] 6. Use the released exhaust gas to provide power for anti-rolling and reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The invention consists of a U-shaped anti-roll cabin, a high-power high-pressure air compressor, a gas supply main, an exhaust pipe, an electric remote-controlled butterfly valve, a sea check valve, an inclinometer, a pressure sensor, a liquid level pressure sensor, cables, a junction box, a start control panel (PLC), other control panels and other components.

[0038] The specific steps are as follows:

[0039] 1. First, according to the U-shaped anti-heeling tank and ballast tank of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the anti-heeling tank), a U-shaped through tank communicating left and right is set at the midship of the ship according to the ship type outer plate.

[0040] 2. Install the high-power, high-pressure air compressor, gas supply main, exhaust pipe, electric remote-controlled butterfly valve, and sea check valve according to the present invention as required, and install the pipeline support and air compressor base. The gas supply pipe inlet and exhaust pipe outlet are both located at the top of the U-shaped anti-heeling tank. The exhaust pipe outlet extends to the outer outer plate of the bottom of the specially designed U-shaped anti-heeling tank. After drilling a hole, weld an exhaust pipe to discharge the compressed air in the tank overboard. The diameter of the exhaust pipe is 1.5 times that of the gas supply pipe.

[0041] 3. Install pressure sensors 1 and 2 at the highest position of the upper end of the left and right anti-roll tanks respectively; install liquid level pressure sensors 1 and 2 at the left and right bottoms of the U-shaped anti-roll tank respectively. The main control panel program calculates the liquid level height based on the pressure values ​​of the liquid level pressure sensors;

[0042] 4. Connect the cables from the high-power high-pressure air compressor junction box and the electric remote-controlled butterfly valve to the start control panel; connect the start control panel to the main / auxiliary control panel, and connect the main control panel to the detection and alarm system;

[0043] 5. Install the inclinometer in the cab and connect it to the main control panel with a signal cable; connect pressure sensors 1 and 2, and liquid level pressure sensors 1 and 2 to the main control panel with signal cables respectively.

[0044] 6. When the ship is berthed, the anti-heel tank is empty and the entire system is in a stopped state;

[0045] 7. When loading or unloading cargo or before sailing, the ship's ballast system is used to inject 60% to 70% of the tank capacity with seawater (monitored by the liquid level pressure sensor); at the same time, the anti-heeling system button is activated, and the system begins to automatically operate and monitor;

[0046] 8. The working principle of the anti-heeling system is as follows:

[0047] a. When a ship is loading or unloading cargo or encounters wind and waves during navigation, causing heeling and swaying, the inclinometer monitors the ship's heel angle. When the ship's heel angle is greater than 2 degrees, the main controller detects the change in the left and right heel angles and transmits the anti-heeling system start signal to the start control panel according to the left and right heel directions. If the left heel exceeds 2 degrees, the high-pressure air compressor starts, and the electric remote-controlled butterfly valve 1 opens at the same time. The air compressor supplies high-pressure compressed air to the port side inlet of the U-shaped anti-heel tank, increasing the internal air pressure at the port side upper end of the U-shaped anti-heel tank; at the same time, the electric remote-controlled butterfly valve 3 opens, releasing the U-shaped anti-heel The compressed air in the upper starboard side of the heeling tank releases the pressure on the upper starboard side, causing the seawater in the U-shaped anti-heeling tank to gather toward the starboard side, shifting the ship's center of gravity to the right, thus exerting a heeling reaction force 1. Simultaneously, the high-pressure compressed air discharged through the electric remote-controlled butterfly valve 3 is delivered to the bottom of the port tank and sprayed toward the seabed, exerting an upward force 2 on the port side to resist the ship's left heeling force. Forces 1 and 2 act simultaneously to adjust the ship's heel, maximizing the use of residual force and reducing energy consumption, and correcting the ship's heel angle to less than 0.5 degrees. The reverse is also true.

[0048] b. When the pressure of pressure sensor 1 or 2 exceeds the set pressure, the main control panel sends a signal to the start control panel (PLC), the air compressor stops running, and the electric remote control butterfly valve closes accordingly to prevent the pressure in the anti-roll tank from further increasing and damaging the tank structure. At this time, it is necessary to increase the ballast water of the entire ship to lower the center of gravity to prevent further heeling of the ship;

[0049] 9. The anti-roll system can be started and stopped remotely through the main / auxiliary control panel. It can also be started and stopped through the local control panel and the start control panel.

[0050] 10. When the above equipment encounters a fault and fails to start normally, the faulty equipment will feed back the resistance signal to the main control panel through the PLC and sound an alarm. The alarm can be sounded in multiple key locations (such as the cab, ship office, etc.); and the operating status and the liquid level of the left and right anti-roll tanks can be visually monitored in the above locations.

[0051] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification are within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heeling tank structure, which can also serve as a ballast tank for a ship, characterized in that: include: The anti-heeling tank has a U-shaped structure and is arranged at the midship of the ship according to the outer plate of the ship type; the vertical parts on the left and right sides of the anti-heeling tank correspond to the two side hulls of the ship, and the connecting part at the bottom of the anti-heeling tank corresponds to the bottom hull of the ship; by ballasting seawater in the position of the anti-heeling tank, the center of gravity of the anti-heeling tank is adjusted, and then the posture of the ship is adjusted.

2. The anti-heeling cabin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: There are two gas pipes in total, and the hatches of the two gas pipes are respectively located at the top of the vertical parts on the left and right sides of the anti-heeling tank; There are two exhaust pipes in total, and the hatch openings of the two exhaust pipes are respectively located at the top of the vertical parts on the left and right sides of the anti-roll cabin.

3. The anti-heeling cabin structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas pipeline is provided with a gas valve, and an air compressor is provided at the end of the pipeline.

4. The anti-heeling cabin structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An exhaust valve is provided on the exhaust pipe, and the end of the exhaust pipe is arranged outside the ship.

5. The anti-heeling tank structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the exhaust pipe is located at the connection portion of the bottom of the anti-heeling tank; The ends of the two exhaust pipes are arranged crosswise, that is, the end of the exhaust pipe at the top of the left vertical part of the anti-roll tank is located below the right vertical part of the anti-roll tank, and the end of the exhaust pipe at the top of the right vertical part of the anti-roll tank is located below the left vertical part of the anti-roll tank.

6. The anti-heeling cabin structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the exhaust pipe is 1.5 times that of the gas transmission pipe.

7. A fully automatic anti-heeling system for ships, characterized in that: The heel tank structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 further comprises: Inclinometer, used to monitor the ship's tilt angle and transmit the monitoring results to the main controller in real time; The main controller is used to control related equipment to adjust the center of gravity of the heel tank structure in the other direction according to the left and right heel directions when the ship's heel angle is greater than a preset value.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Controlling relevant equipment to adjust the center of gravity of the heeling cabin structure in another direction according to the left and right heel directions includes: When the ship's left tilt exceeds a preset value, air is pumped into the vertical part of the anti-heel tank corresponding to the left side, and the air on the top of the other vertical part of the anti-heel tank is released at the same time, so that the seawater in the anti-heel tank gathers to the right, and the center of gravity of the ship is adjusted to the right; When the ship's right tilt exceeds a preset value, air is pumped into the vertical part of the anti-heel tank corresponding to the right side, and at the same time, the air on the top of the other vertical part of the anti-heel tank is released, so that the seawater in the anti-heel tank gathers to the left, and the center of gravity of the ship is adjusted to the left.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air exhausted from the top of the vertical part of the anti-heeling tank is guided and transported to the bottom of the side of the ship in the tilting direction, providing an upward force for the hull on that side, thereby assisting in adjusting the center of gravity of the ship.

10. The system according to claim 7, wherein: Also includes: The inspection circuit connected to each device in the system is used to check the working status of each device in the system and transmit it to the main controller; A pressure sensor installed on the inner wall of the anti-heel tank is used to monitor the position of the ballast water in the anti-heel tank and transmit it to the main controller; When any device in the system encounters a fault and fails to start normally, the faulty device will feed back the resistance signal to the main controller through the PLC and issue an alarm. The alarm can be issued in multiple key locations; and the operating status and the liquid level position information of the anti-roll tank can be visually monitored in the alarm location.

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