Acid trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula of an acid trace element water-soluble fertilizer. The formula comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2.8-24% of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 5-35% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10-48% of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 43-60% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 2-5% of industrial sulfuric acid. The finished product is prepared by premixing, ultrasonic drying, superfine grinding, screening and packaging, and contains 2%-9% of zinc, 1%-8% of iron, 4%-6% of magnesium and 2%-5% of free acid. The free acid in the fertilizer can neutralize soil alkaline substances, settle salt and improve the soil environment; the activity of trace elements such as zinc, iron and magnesium is maintained, and ferrous ions are prevented from being oxidized and inactivated; by combining ultrasonic drying and superfine grinding processes, nutritional ingredients are uniformly dispersed and easily absorbed, the growth of crops can be effectively promoted, the yield and quality are improved, and the fertilizer does not cake after being stored for more than half a year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular relates to a formula of an acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern agriculture, intensive and large-scale cropping practices are becoming increasingly prevalent, but the accompanying problems of soil salinization and alkalinization are also becoming increasingly serious. High salinity and alkalinity in soil significantly alter its physical and chemical properties, increasing pH and salt accumulation. This disrupts soil structure and clogs pores, which in turn severely inhibits crop roots' absorption of water and nutrients. This, in turn, stunts crop growth and disrupts physiological functions, ultimately leading to a significant decline in crop yields and compromising the quality of agricultural products.

[0003] For crop growth, trace elements such as zinc, iron, and magnesium, though required in relatively small quantities, are essential and crucial. They play irreplaceable roles in numerous key physiological processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, enzyme regulation, and hormone synthesis. However, the practical application of traditional trace element fertilizers presents numerous challenges. First, in the complex soil chemical environment, trace elements in fertilizers easily react with carbonates, hydroxides, and other compounds in the soil, forming poorly soluble compounds. This reduces or even completely inactivates the trace elements, preventing them from being effectively absorbed and utilized by crop roots. Second, due to limitations in production processes, some traditional fertilizers struggle to achieve uniform distribution of nutrients, resulting in uneven nutrient absorption by crops and severely impacting their normal growth and development. Third, existing fertilizers have limited success in ameliorating soil salinization, failing to fundamentally improve the soil environment for crop growth and promoting a virtuous cycle in the soil ecosystem. Therefore, the development of a water-soluble fertilizer that can effectively reduce soil alkalinity, settle soil salinity, and provide crops with stable and highly active trace elements has become a key problem that urgently needs to be overcome in the field of agricultural production. It is of great significance to ensuring food security and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a formula for a water-soluble acidic trace element fertilizer. Through scientifically proportioned raw materials and a unique preparation process, the formula enables the fertilizer to effectively reduce soil alkalinity and salinity, thereby reducing the toxicity of salt to crops. At the same time, it provides crops with rich, active and stable trace elements such as zinc, iron and magnesium, thereby meeting the growth needs of crops and improving crop yield and quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical means:

[0006] The invention discloses an acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following mass ratios: 2.8%-24% of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 5%-35% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10%-48% of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 43%-60% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and 2%-5% of industrial sulfuric acid.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0008] a) Premixing: Add zinc sulfate monohydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and industrial sulfuric acid into a mixing device according to the formula ratio, and stir at a speed of 10-20 r / min for 20-40 minutes to fully mix the raw materials to form a mixture;

[0009] b) Ultrasonic drying: The mixed material is transported to the ultrasonic drying equipment and dried for 1-3 hours at an ultrasonic frequency of 20-60kHz, a power of 300-800W, and a temperature of 40-60°C to reduce the moisture content of the material to 3%-8%;

[0010] c) Ultrafine grinding: The dried material is fed into the ultrafine grinding equipment and ground to a particle size of 100-150 mesh;

[0011] d) Screening and packaging: Pass the ground material through a 120-mesh standard sieve, and take the sieve-undergone material for sealed packaging.

[0012] Preferably, in step a), each raw material needs to be pre-treated to remove impurities before being put into the raw material to ensure that the purity is ≥ 98%.

[0013] Preferably, in step b), the ultrasonic drying equipment adopts a circulating hot air system with a wind speed of 1-1.2 m / s.

[0014] Preferably, in step c), the ultrafine grinding equipment is a jet mill with a working pressure of 0.5-1.2 MPa and a feed rate of 100-300 kg / h.

[0015] Preferably, in step d), the material on the sieve is returned to step c) for secondary grinding.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Significant soil improvement: The free acid in the fertilizer neutralizes alkaline soil substances, effectively lowering soil pH and improving soil alkalinity. At the same time, the free acid reacts with sodium ions in the soil, causing them to settle and reduce soil salinity. This reduces the exchange rate between sodium ions and crops, mitigates the toxicity of salt to crop roots, and creates a suitable soil environment for crop growth.

[0018] 2. Stable trace element activity: The free acids in the formula maintain the long-term activity of trace elements such as zinc, iron, and magnesium, preventing their inactivation due to chemical reactions in the soil. Furthermore, zinc, magnesium, and the hydrogen ions in the free acids act as retainers of ferrous iron, reducing the risk of ferrous iron oxidation by the environment. This ensures that the trace elements in the fertilizer maintain high bioavailability over a long period of time, meeting the trace element needs of crops at different growth stages.

[0019] 3. Efficient nutrient supply: Ultrasonic drying technology allows for even dispersion of nutrients in the fertilizer, resolving the uneven distribution of nutrients in traditional fertilizers. Ultrafine grinding further enhances the fertilizer's solubility and the crop's nutrient absorption efficiency, enabling crops to more quickly and fully absorb nutrients such as zinc, iron, and magnesium, thereby promoting crop growth and development, effectively improving crop yield and quality, and preventing the fertilizer from agglomerating even after storage for more than six months. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A formula of an acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in the following mass ratios:

[0023] Zinc sulfate monohydrate: accounts for 2.8%-24% of the total mass. As an important source of zinc, zinc plays a key role in crop auxin synthesis, photosynthesis, and disease resistance. At the same time, zinc sulfate monohydrate's strong water absorption characteristics can absorb the free water in other raw materials such as zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, making fertilizer manufacturing more convenient and ensuring that the finished fertilizer will not clump after long-term storage;

[0024] Zinc sulfate heptahydrate: accounts for 5%-35% of the total weight, and works together with zinc sulfate monohydrate to further increase the zinc content in the fertilizer to meet the zinc needs of crops at different growth stages;

[0025] Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate: accounts for 10%-48% of the total mass, and supplements iron for crops. Iron is an indispensable element in crop chlorophyll synthesis and respiration, and participates in the activation process of various enzymes.

[0026] Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: accounts for 43%-60% of the total mass and is the main provider of magnesium. As a core component of chlorophyll, magnesium is essential for the normal conduct of photosynthesis and is also involved in the energy metabolism of crops;

[0027] Industrial sulfuric acid: accounting for 2%-5% of the total mass, not only introduces free acid into the fertilizer to adjust the pH value of the fertilizer, but also plays an important role in subsequent soil improvement and maintaining the activity of trace elements;

[0028] By precisely adjusting the proportions of each raw material, the final fertilizer contains 2%-9% zinc, 1%-8% iron, 4%-6% magnesium, and 2%-5% free acid, achieving a scientific ratio and effective supply of multiple trace elements.

[0029] The specific preparation process is:

[0030] Premixing: Place zinc sulfate monohydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and industrial sulfuric acid in the specified mass ratio into a mixing device and stir at a speed of 10-20 r / min for 20-40 minutes. During the stirring process, all raw materials are fully contacted and initially mixed, laying the foundation for subsequent processing.

[0031] Ultrasonic Drying: Transfer the premixed materials to an ultrasonic drying machine, set the ultrasonic frequency to 20-60kHz, the power to 300-800W, and dry at 40-60°C for 1-3 hours. Ultrasonic drying utilizes the cavitation and thermal effects of ultrasound to rapidly remove excess moisture from the material while also promoting the uniform dispersion of nutrients throughout the material, avoiding localized enrichment or loss and ensuring uniform fertilizer composition.

[0032] Ultrafine Grinding: Ultrasonic dried materials are fed into ultrafine grinding equipment and ground to a particle size of 100-150 mesh. Ultrafine grinding significantly increases the specific surface area of ​​fertilizer particles, improving the speed and degree of dissolution in water, thereby increasing the efficiency of nutrient absorption by crops.

[0033] Screening and Packaging: The ground material is screened through a 120-mesh screen. The oversize material is returned to the ultra-fine grinding process for further grinding, while the undersize material is sealed and packaged to obtain the finished fertilizer. This rigorous screening and packaging process ensures the stability and consistency of product quality.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A formula of an acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following contents:

[0036] 1. Raw Materials Preparation

[0037] Prepare the raw materials according to the following mass ratio:

[0038] Zinc sulfate monohydrate: 10kg (10%);

[0039] Zinc sulfate heptahydrate: 15kg (15%);

[0040] Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate: 20kg (20%);

[0041] Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 50kg (50%);

[0042] Industrial sulfuric acid: 5kg (5%).

[0043] 2. Preparation Process

[0044] Premixing: Put the above raw materials into the mixing equipment and stir at a speed of 15r / min for 30min to fully mix the raw materials to form a mixture.

[0045] Ultrasonic drying: transfer the mixed material to ultrasonic drying equipment, set the ultrasonic frequency to 40kHz, the power to 600W, and dry it at 50℃ for 2h to reduce the moisture content of the material to 5%.

[0046] Ultrafine grinding: The material after ultrasonic drying is sent to the ultrafine grinding equipment and ground until the particle size reaches 200 mesh.

[0047] Screening and Packaging: The ground material is screened through a 150-mesh screen. The oversize material is returned to the ultrafine grinding process for further grinding. The undersize material is sealed and packaged to obtain the finished fertilizer. Testing shows that the fertilizer contains 6.5% zinc, 3.5% iron, 4.8% magnesium, and 4.8% free acid.

[0048] 3. Application scenarios and effects

[0049] Corn was planted in a highly salinized farmland with an initial soil pH of 8.6 and a salt content of 0.35%. Two adjacent experimental plots, each 1 mu in area, were selected from this farmland and designated as experimental plot A and control plot B. Experimental plot A was fertilized with the water-soluble fertilizer prepared in this example using drip irrigation at a rate of 25 kg per mu. Control plot B was fertilized with a commercially available water-soluble trace element fertilizer.

[0050] One month after fertilization, soil pH in experimental field A dropped to 8.1, and salinity decreased to 0.25%. The soil pH in control field B was 8.5, and salinity was 0.33%. At harvest, corn yield in experimental field A reached 650 kg / mu, while that in control field B was 550 kg / mu, an 18.2% increase. Furthermore, testing of corn plants revealed that zinc, iron, and magnesium levels in experimental field A increased by 22%, 20%, and 18%, respectively, compared to control field B.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A formula of an acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following contents:

[0053] 1. Raw Materials Preparation

[0054] The mass ratio of raw materials is:

[0055] Zinc sulfate monohydrate: 5kg (5%);

[0056] Zinc sulfate heptahydrate: 4kg (4%);

[0057] Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate: 41 kg (41%);

[0058] Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 45kg (45%);

[0059] Industrial sulfuric acid: 5kg (5%).

[0060] 2. Preparation Process

[0061] Premixing: Stir in a stirring device at a speed of 20 r / min for 25 minutes.

[0062] Ultrasonic drying: The ultrasonic frequency was set to 50 kHz, the power was 700 W, and the drying was carried out at 55 °C for 1.5 h to reduce the moisture content of the material to 4%.

[0063] Ultrafine grinding: Grind the dried material to a particle size of 150 mesh.

[0064] Screening and Packaging: After 150-mesh screening, the undersize material is sealed and packaged. Test results show that the fertilizer contains 2.5% zinc, 7.6% iron, 4.8% magnesium, and 4.8% free acid.

[0065] 3. Application scenarios and effects

[0066] Apple trees were planted in a saline-alkali orchard with an initial soil pH of 8.8 and a salt content of 0.4%. Two orchard areas of equal size and with the same number of trees (10 each) were selected as test orchard C and control orchard D. In test orchard C, 0.8 kg of the fertilizer of this example was applied to each tree using a ring-ditch application method; in control orchard D, a similar fertilizer of a different brand was applied.

[0067] Two months after fertilization, soil pH in experimental orchard C dropped to 8.3 and salt content to 0.28%. In control orchard D, soil pH was 8.7 and salt content was 0.38%. During the fruit ripening period, the total apple yield in experimental orchard C was 1,200 kg, while the total yield in control orchard D was 950 kg, a 26.3% increase. Furthermore, the zinc, iron, and magnesium content in the apples from experimental orchard C increased by 28%, 25%, and 22%, respectively, compared to those in control orchard D. The fruits also had a better taste and brighter color.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] A formula of an acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following contents:

[0070] 1. Raw Materials Preparation

[0071] The raw material ratio is:

[0072] Zinc sulfate monohydrate: 18 kg (18%);

[0073] Zinc sulfate heptahydrate: 12kg (12%);

[0074] Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate: 10kg (10%);

[0075] Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 55kg (55%);

[0076] Industrial sulfuric acid: 5kg (5%).

[0077] 2. Preparation Process

[0078] Premixing: Stir at 10 r / min for 35 min.

[0079] Ultrasonic drying: ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, power 500W, drying at 45℃ for 2.5h, the moisture content of the material dropped to 6%.

[0080] Ultrafine grinding: Grind until the material particle size reaches 100 mesh.

[0081] Screening and packaging: After 150 mesh screening and packaging, the fertilizer was tested to contain 8.8% zinc, 1.8% iron, 5.0% magnesium, and 4.9% free acid.

[0082] 3. Application scenarios and effects

[0083] Tomatoes were grown in a greenhouse. Two planting areas, each 50 m2, were selected: test area E and control area F. Test area E was fertilized with the fertilizer of this embodiment at a rate of 0.2 kg per m2 through drip irrigation; control area F was fertilized with ordinary fertilizer.

[0084] After the fertilization cycle, the tomato plants in test plot E grew robustly, with dark green leaves and a low incidence of pests and diseases. The tomato plants in control plot F were relatively short, with lighter leaves and a higher incidence of pests and diseases. Testing of the tomato fruits revealed that zinc, iron, and magnesium levels in test plot E increased by 25%, 23%, and 20%, respectively, compared to those in control plot F. Furthermore, the tomato yield in test plot E was 25 kg / m2, while that in control plot F was 20 kg / m2, a 25% increase.

[0085] The present invention is provided as an example, not as a limitation of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications may be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here, and obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formula of acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in the following mass ratios: 2.8%-24% of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 5%-35% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10%-48% of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 43%-60% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 2%-5% of industrial sulfuric acid.

2. The acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: a) Premixing: Add zinc sulfate monohydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and industrial sulfuric acid into a mixing device according to the formula ratio, and stir at a speed of 10-20 r / min for 20-40 minutes to fully mix the raw materials to form a mixture; b) Ultrasonic drying: The mixed material is transported to the ultrasonic drying equipment and dried for 1-3 hours at an ultrasonic frequency of 20-60kHz, a power of 300-800W, and a temperature of 40-60°C to reduce the moisture content of the material to 3%-8%; c) Ultrafine grinding: The dried material is fed into the ultrafine grinding equipment and ground to a particle size of 100-150 mesh; d) Screening and packaging: Pass the ground material through a 120-mesh standard sieve, and take the sieve-undergone material for sealed packaging.

3. A water-soluble fertilizer formula of acidic trace elements according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step a), each raw material needs to be pre-treated to remove impurities before being put into the raw material to ensure that the purity is ≥ 98%.

4. The acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step b), the ultrasonic drying equipment adopts a circulating hot air system with a wind speed of 1-1.2 m / s.

5. The acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step c), the ultrafine grinding equipment is a jet mill with a working pressure of 0.5-1.2 MPa and a feed rate of 100-300 kg / h.

6. The acidic trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step d), the material on the sieve is returned to step c) for secondary grinding.