A welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure

Abstract

The application discloses a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure and relates to the technical field of welding equipment. The device comprises a main body structure, a welding machine body, a shell fixedly connected to one side of the welding machine body, a negative pressure pipe communicated with the top of the shell, a dust hopper communicated with the bottom of the shell, a collecting pipe communicated with one side of the dust hopper, a mounting plate arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, a mounting hole formed in the top of the mounting plate, a hoop ring clamped in the inner cavity of the mounting hole and a filter bag fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the hoop ring. When the performance of the filter bag is affected by dust accumulation, the device automatically starts the cleaning process without manual intervention, thereby greatly saving the maintenance time and labor cost, ensuring the continuity of the welding operation, avoiding the extension of the construction period caused by maintenance and reducing the production cost of enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment technology, and in particular to a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial production, welding technology is widely used in many fields such as machinery manufacturing, construction, and shipbuilding. However, the welding process generates a large amount of welding fumes containing metal oxides, harmful gases, and fine particulate matter. These fumes not only pose a serious threat to the health of operators, such as causing respiratory diseases and pneumoconiosis, but also pollute the working environment and have an adverse impact on the surrounding ecology. Therefore, efficient welding fume purification and collection devices have become key equipment to ensure the safety and environmental protection of welding operations.

[0003] Currently, most existing welding fume purification and collection devices use filter components to filter and purify welding fumes. In actual use, as the usage time increases, a large number of welding fume particles will gradually accumulate on the filter components. In order to ensure the filtration effect of the fumes, the filter components need to be maintained regularly. However, in the existing technology, the maintenance of the filter components usually requires stopping the machine and disassembling its related parts. The operation process is cumbersome and consumes a lot of time and manpower, resulting in a significant reduction in the working efficiency of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned welding fume purification and collection devices based on high negative pressure, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem that this invention aims to solve is that stopping the machine and disassembling the filter components is a cumbersome process that requires a lot of time and manpower.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure, comprising,

[0007] The main structure includes a welding machine body, a housing fixedly connected to one side of the welding machine body, a negative pressure pipe connected to the top of the housing, an ash hopper connected to the bottom of the housing, a collection pipe connected to one side of the ash hopper, an installation plate provided in the inner cavity of the housing, an installation hole opened at the top of the installation plate, a clamping ring snapped into the inner cavity of the installation hole, a filter bag fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the clamping ring, and a bag cage fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the filter bag.

[0008] The self-cleaning component includes support blocks fixedly connected to both sides of a mounting plate. A trigger element is provided on the surface of the mounting plate. Support grooves are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing. One side of the support groove communicates with a housing body, and one side of the housing body is fixedly connected to the housing. A first toothed plate is fixedly connected to the surface of one of the support blocks. A slide rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the first toothed plate, and the slide rod is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the housing body. A gear meshes with one side of the first toothed plate, and the gear is rotatably connected to both sides of the inner cavity of the housing body. A second toothed plate meshes with one side of the gear. Lifting grooves are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing body. A lifting block is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the lifting groove. The side of the lifting block away from the lifting groove is fixedly connected to the second toothed plate. A through groove is provided on one side of the housing body and communicates with the inner cavity of the housing body. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second toothed plate. One side of the connecting plate passes through the through groove and is fixedly connected to a connecting ring. A dust scraper ring is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting ring, and the dust scraper ring is located at the bottom of the mounting plate. A support element is provided at the top of the mounting plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, the triggering element includes cavities opened on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing. A movable frame is provided in the inner cavity of the cavity. A ratchet is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the movable frame. A first spring is fixedly connected to the side of the ratchet away from the mounting plate. The side of the first spring away from the ratchet is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the movable frame. Limiting rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the ratchet. Limiting grooves are opened on both sides of the movable frame and cooperate with the limiting rods. A first slot is opened on the top of the mounting plate near the ratchet, and a second slot is opened on the bottom of the mounting plate near the ratchet.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, a second spring is fixedly connected to the side of the movable frame away from the mounting plate, the side of the second spring away from the movable frame is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the cavity, a guide wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame, and a guide groove is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cavity, which cooperates with the guide wheel.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, wherein: a reset spring is fixedly connected to all four sides of the top of the mounting plate, a reset plate is fixedly connected to the top of the reset spring, and the reset plate is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the housing.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, the supporting member includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the housing, a fixed rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, a sleeve rod slidably connected to the bottom of the fixed rod, the bottom of the sleeve rod penetrating through the bag cage and rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the bag cage, a slider fixedly connected to one side of the fixed rod, and a sliding groove penetrating through one side of the sleeve rod and cooperating with the slider.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, a rotating disk is fixedly connected to the surface of the sleeve rod, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the surface of the rotating disk, a movable rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the arc-shaped groove, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod away from the rotating disk.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, the surface of the sleeve rod is rotatably connected to a base, a base plate is fixedly connected to one side of the base, the side of the base plate away from the base is fixedly connected to a bag cage, and a movable groove is provided on the top of the base, which cooperates with the movable rod.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, a first embedding groove is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the support groove on one side, a third spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the first embedding groove, a first sealing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the third spring, and the top of the first sealing plate is in contact with the support block on one side.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, a second embedding groove is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the through groove, a fourth spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the second embedding groove, a second sealing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fourth spring, and the top of the second sealing plate is in contact with the connecting plate.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure described in this invention, wherein: the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the dust scraper ring are provided with inclined scrapers, and a positioning rod is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined scraper ring near the dust scraper ring; a positioning groove is opened on the side of the inner cavity of the dust scraper ring near the positioning rod; a positioning spring is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the positioning groove; and the side of the positioning spring near the inclined scraper ring is fixedly connected to the positioning rod.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: through the automatic dust removal function of the self-cleaning component, when the filter bag is affected by dust accumulation, the device automatically starts the cleaning process without manual intervention, which greatly saves maintenance time and labor costs, ensures the continuity of welding operations, avoids the extension of the construction period due to maintenance, and reduces the production costs of enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the casing of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a partial structure of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the self-cleaning component of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the partial structural changes of the self-cleaning component in a high-negative-pressure welding fume purification and collection device.

[0025] Figure 6 The diagram shows the first embedded groove, the first sealing plate, and the second embedded groove and the second sealing plate of the welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the casing of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the support trough and through trough of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the casing of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the trigger element of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0030] Figure 11 A welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure Figure 10 Enlarged view of region A in the middle.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the support component of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0032] Figure 13 A welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure Figure 12 Enlarged view of region B in the middle.

[0033] Figure 14 Another perspective view of the support component of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Main structure; 10. Welding machine body; 11. Shell; 12. Negative pressure pipe; 13. Ash hopper; 14. Collection pipe; 15. Mounting plate; 16. Mounting hole; 17. Hoop ring; 18. Filter bag; 19. Bag cage; 2. Self-cleaning component; 21. Support block; 22. Trigger; 23. Support groove; 24. Box; 25. First toothed plate; 26. Gear; 27. Second toothed plate; 28. Connecting plate; 29. ​​Through groove; 30. Connecting ring; 31. Dust scraper ring; 32. Spreading component; 22-1. Cavity; 22-2. Moving frame; 22-3. Ratchet; 22-4. First spring; 22-5. Limiting rod; 22-6. Limiting groove; 22-7. First slot; 22-8. Second slot; 22-9. Second spring; 22-10. Guide wheel; 22-11, guide groove; 22-12, return spring; 22-13, return plate; 32-1, fixing plate; 32-2, fixing rod; 32-3, sleeve rod; 32-4, slider; 32-5, sliding groove; 32-6, rotating disk; 32-7, arc groove; 32-8, support plate; 32-9, base; 32-10, base plate; 32-11, moving rod; 32-12, moving groove; 23-1, first embedding groove; 23-2, third spring; 23-3, first sealing plate; 29-1, second embedding groove; 29-2, fourth spring; 29-3, second sealing plate; 31-1, inclined scraper; 31-2, positioning rod; 31-3, positioning spring; 25-1, sliding rod; 27-1, lifting groove; 27-2, lifting block. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Reference Figures 1-15 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure. The welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure includes a self-cleaning component 2. The filter bag 18 can be cleaned without stopping the machine for disassembly by the self-cleaning component 2, which improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0041] The main structure 1 includes a welding machine body 10. A housing 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the welding machine body 10. A negative pressure pipe 12 is connected to the top of the housing 11. A ash hopper 13 is connected to the bottom of the housing 11. A collection pipe 14 is connected to one side of the ash hopper 13. An installation plate 15 is provided in the inner cavity of the housing 11. An installation hole 16 is opened at the top of the installation plate 15. A hoop 17 is snapped into the inner cavity of the installation hole 16. A filter bag 18 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the hoop 17. A bag cage 19 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the filter bag 18.

[0042] The self-cleaning component 2 includes support blocks 21 fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate 15. A trigger element 22 is provided on the surface of the mounting plate 15. Support grooves 23 are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing 11. The inner cavity of one support groove 23 communicates with a housing 24. One side of the housing 24 is fixedly connected to the housing 11. A first toothed plate 25 is fixedly connected to the surface of one support block 21. A slide rod 25-1 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the first toothed plate 25. The slide rod 25-1 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the housing 24. A gear 26 meshes with one side of the first toothed plate 25. The gear 26 is rotatably connected to both sides of the inner cavity of the housing 24. A first toothed plate 26 meshes with one side of the gear 26. The second toothed plate 27 and the inner cavity of the housing 24 are provided with lifting grooves 27-1 on both sides. Lifting blocks 27-2 are slidably connected to the inner cavity of the lifting grooves 27-1. The side of the lifting blocks 27-2 away from the lifting grooves 27-1 is fixedly connected to the second toothed plate 27. A through groove 29 is provided on one side of the housing 24 and communicates with the inner cavity of the shell 11. A connecting plate 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second toothed plate 27. One side of the connecting plate 28 passes through the through groove 29 and is fixedly connected to a connecting ring 30. A dust scraper ring 31 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting ring 30. The dust scraper ring 31 is located at the bottom of the mounting plate 15. A support member 32 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 15.

[0043] The welding machine body 10 is the core of the operation. The shell 11 fixed on one side forms an internal purification space. The negative pressure pipe 12 connected to the top is connected to an external negative pressure device to provide power for the entire system. During the welding process, it can quickly suck in the generated fumes. The ash hopper 13 at the bottom is connected to the collection pipe 14, and the collection pipe 14 runs through the welding machine body 10. This design allows the fumes to be accurately collected from the source, avoiding diffusion and greatly improving the collection efficiency.

[0044] The core purification component of the device is formed by the filter unit consisting of mounting plate 15, hoop 17, filter bag 18, and bag cage 19. Under the support of bag cage 19, filter bag 18 can maintain its shape stability in a high negative pressure environment and intercept and filter the smoke and dust entering the housing 11. Through the cooperation of components such as support block 21, trigger 22, gear 26, toothed plate, and dust scraper ring 31, the filter bag 18 is automatically cleaned. When the ventilation efficiency of filter bag 18 decreases due to dust accumulation, the self-cleaning component 2 is automatically activated without stopping the machine for disassembly. This completely solves the problem of cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive maintenance of traditional devices, ensures the continuity and efficiency of welding operations, and significantly reduces the company's operation and maintenance costs and the risk of project delays.

[0045] The slide bar 25-1 serves to limit and support the first toothed plate 25; the lifting groove 27-1 and the lifting block 27-2 work together to limit and support the second toothed plate 27.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Reference Figures 1-15 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment.

[0048] Specifically, the trigger element 22 includes cavities 22-1 on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing 11. A movable frame 22-2 is provided in the inner cavity of the cavity 22-1. A ratchet 22-3 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the movable frame 22-2. A first spring 22-4 is fixedly connected to the side of the ratchet 22-3 away from the mounting plate 15. The side of the first spring 22-4 away from the ratchet 22-3 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the movable frame 22-2. Limiting rods 22-5 are fixedly connected to both sides of the ratchet 22-3. Limiting grooves 22-6 are provided on both sides of the movable frame 22-2 and cooperate with the limiting rods 22-5. A first slot 22-7 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 15 near the ratchet 22-3, and a second slot 22-8 is provided on the bottom of the mounting plate 15 near the ratchet 22-3.

[0049] The trigger 22 can be automatically controlled using the principle of air pressure difference. During the welding process, the filter bag 18 continuously filters the smoke and dust. As the dust accumulates, the air pressure at the top of the mounting plate 15 decreases. When the negative pressure reaches the set threshold, the engagement relationship between the mounting plate 15 and the ratchet 22-3 changes. The ratchet 22-3 can drive the moving frame 22-2 to move, releasing the limit on the mounting plate 15 and causing it to rise under the negative pressure, thereby triggering the subsequent self-cleaning process. The swing range of the ratchet 22-3 can be limited by the limit rod 22-5 and the limit groove 22-6. When the mounting plate 15 rises, the ratchet 22-3 is in a non-swinging state, while when the mounting plate 15 falls, the ratchet 22-3 can swing and retract to avoid physical interference. The first spring 22-4 can assist the ratchet 22-3 in resetting.

[0050] Specifically, a second spring 22-9 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable frame 22-2 away from the mounting plate 15. The side of the second spring 22-9 away from the movable frame 22-2 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the cavity 22-1. A guide wheel 22-10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame 22-2. A guide groove 22-11 is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cavity 22-1 and cooperates with the guide wheel 22-10.

[0051] The second spring 22-9 provides reset power to the moving frame 22-2. After the mounting plate 15 completes self-cleaning reset, it helps the moving frame 22-2 quickly return to its initial position, preparing for the next trigger. The cooperation between the guide wheel 22-10 and the guide groove 22-11 not only reduces the friction during the movement of the moving frame 22-2, but also plays a precise guiding role, ensuring that the moving frame 22-2 moves along the predetermined trajectory and preventing deviation from affecting the engagement relationship between the ratchet 22-3 and the mounting plate 15.

[0052] Specifically, reset springs 22-12 are fixedly connected to all four sides of the top of the mounting plate 15, and reset plate 22-13 is fixedly connected to the top of the reset springs 22-12. The reset plate 22-13 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the housing 11.

[0053] When the mounting plate 15 rises, it compresses the return spring 22-12. After the mounting plate 15 rises due to negative pressure and triggers self-cleaning, as the dust on the surface of the filter bag 18 is cleaned and the ventilation efficiency is restored, the air pressure at the top and bottom of the mounting plate 15 tends to be balanced. At this time, the return spring 22-12 releases its elastic potential energy, causing the mounting plate 15 to descend smoothly and reset. The return plate 22-13 is fixed in the inner cavity of the housing 11, providing stable support for the return spring 22-12. This ensures that the mounting plate 15 is subjected to uniform force during the reset process, avoiding shaking or displacement. This ensures that the device can quickly return to normal working condition after self-cleaning, maintaining the continuity and stability of welding fume purification.

[0054] Specifically, the support member 32 includes a fixed plate 32-1 fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the housing 11. A fixed rod 32-2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 32-1. A sleeve rod 32-3 is slidably connected to the bottom of the fixed rod 32-2. The bottom of the sleeve rod 32-3 passes through the bag cage 19 and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the bag cage 19. A slider 32-4 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed rod 32-2. A groove 32-5 is opened through one side of the sleeve rod 32-3 and cooperates with the slider 32-4.

[0055] The components, including the fixed plate 32-1, fixed rod 32-2, and sleeve rod 32-3, work together. When the mounting plate 15 rises, the sleeve rod 32-3 slides on the fixed rod 32-2. The cooperation between the slider 32-4 and the slide groove 32-5 causes the rotating disk 32-6 to rotate. When the rotating disk 32-6 rotates, it drives the moving rod 32-11 and the support plate 32-8 to move through the arc groove 32-7, which beats the filter bag 18 from the inside, causing the filter bag 18 to vibrate and promote the removal of the attached dust, thus improving the dust removal effect. At the same time, when the dust scraper ring 31 scrapes away the dust, the support plate 32-8 supports the filter bag 18 to prevent the filter bag 18 from deforming due to scraping, ensuring that the dust scraping process is carried out smoothly and improving the overall cleaning efficiency of the self-cleaning component 2.

[0056] It should be noted that the slide 32-5 is divided into an inclined section and a straight section. When the slider 32-4 moves in the inclined section, it can drive the sleeve rod 32-3 to rotate. When the slider 32-4 moves in the straight section, it can maintain the rotation angle of the sleeve rod 32-3.

[0057] Specifically, a rotating disk 32-6 is fixedly connected to the surface of the sleeve rod 32-3. An arc-shaped groove 32-7 is opened on the surface of the rotating disk 32-6. A moving rod 32-11 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the arc-shaped groove 32-7. A support plate 32-8 is fixedly connected to the side of the moving rod 32-11 away from the rotating disk 32-6.

[0058] The sliding connection between the arc-shaped groove 32-7 on the surface of the rotating disk 32-6 and the moving rod 32-11 allows the rotation of the rotating disk 32-6 to be precisely converted into the linear motion of the moving rod 32-11. This, in turn, drives the support plate 32-8 to tap and support the filter bag 18. During different stages of the ascent of the mounting plate 15, the special design of the arc-shaped groove 32-7 controls the movement trajectory of the support plate 32-8, enabling phased processing of the filter bag 18. In the initial stage, tapping loosens the dust; during the dust scraping stage, it provides stable support and works in conjunction with the dust scraping ring 31 to ensure that the dust on the surface of the filter bag 18 is thoroughly removed, restoring good filtration performance.

[0059] It should be noted that in order to avoid the support plate 32-8 affecting the ventilation and sealing of the filter bag 18, a mesh can be opened on its surface, or it can be replaced with a filter plate or other structures. This is existing technology, which is clearly known to those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] Specifically, a base 32-9 is rotatably connected to the surface of the sleeve rod 32-3, a base plate 32-10 is fixedly connected to one side of the base 32-9, and the side of the base plate 32-10 away from the base 32-9 is fixedly connected to the bag cage 19. A moving groove 32-12 is opened on the top of the base 32-9 and cooperates with the moving rod 32-11.

[0061] The base 32-9 is rotatably connected to the surface of the sleeve rod 32-3, and the base plate 32-10 is fixed to the bag cage 19, ensuring a stable connection between the entire support member 32 and the filter bag 18. The moving rod 32-11 is limited by the moving groove 32-12, so that it can only move in a specific direction, preventing the moving rod 32-11 from deviating or shaking during the movement, which would affect the beating and support effect on the filter bag 18.

[0062] Specifically, a first embedding groove 23-1 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the support groove 23 on one side. A third spring 23-2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the first embedding groove 23-1. A first sealing plate 23-3 is fixedly connected to the top of the third spring 23-2. The top of the first sealing plate 23-3 is in contact with the support block 21 on one side.

[0063] The sealing system consisting of the first embedded groove 23-1, the third spring 23-2, and the first sealing plate 23-3 effectively ensures the airtightness of the device. At the same time, during the rising and falling of the mounting plate 15, the first sealing plate 23-3, supported by the third spring 23-2, is always in close contact with the support block 21 to prevent dust from leaking from the support groove 23 and avoid secondary pollution.

[0064] Specifically, a second embedding groove 29-1 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the through groove 29. A fourth spring 29-2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the second embedding groove 29-1. A second sealing plate 29-3 is fixedly connected to the top of the fourth spring 29-2. The top of the second sealing plate 29-3 is in contact with the connecting plate 28.

[0065] The sealing structure composed of the second embedded groove 29-1, the fourth spring 29-2, and the second sealing plate 29-3 further enhances the sealing performance of the device. At the same time, when the connecting plate 28 drives the dust scraper ring 31 to move, the second sealing plate 29-3, under the action of the fourth spring 29-2, always maintains good contact with the connecting plate 28. Even if a gap is generated during the movement of the connecting plate 28, it can be controlled within a minimum range, without affecting the normal rise of the mounting plate 15 and the realization of the self-cleaning function. This ensures that the internal air pressure of the device is stable during the self-cleaning process.

[0066] Working principle: When welding is performed on the welding machine body 10, the welding fumes containing metal oxides, harmful gases and fine particles are generated. Under the high negative pressure generated by the negative pressure device connected to the negative pressure pipe 12, the fumes are quickly drawn into the ash hopper 13 and the shell 11 through the collection pipe 14 that runs through the welding machine body 10. The fumes entering the shell 11 first pass through the filter bag 18. Supported by the bag cage 19, the filter bag 18 remains in an open state to intercept and filter the fumes, blocking large particles of impurities. The gas that has passed the initial filtration continues to rise and is discharged through the negative pressure pipe 12.

[0067] As welding continues, a large amount of dust gradually accumulates on the surface of the filter bag 18, causing a decrease in ventilation efficiency and a drop in the air pressure at the top of the mounting plate 15. When the air pressure difference reaches a certain level, the first slot 22-7, which engages with the top ratchet 22-3, pushes the ratchet 22-3 under negative pressure. This causes the moving frame 22-2 to compress the second spring 22-9 and move, thereby disengaging the first slot 22-7 from the ratchet 22-3. At this time, the mounting plate 15 rises rapidly under negative pressure, causing the filter bag 18 and the bag cage 19 to rise together.

[0068] During the rapid ascent of the mounting plate 15, the sleeve rod 32-3 slides on the surface of the fixed rod 32-2, and the slider 32-4 slides in the inclined groove section of the slide groove 32-5, thereby causing the rotating disk 32-6 to rotate. Through the arc groove 32-7, the moving rod 32-11 and the support plate 32-8 move, and beat the filter bag 18 from the inside, causing the filter bag 18 to vibrate and some dust to fall off.

[0069] When the mounting plate 15 rises to a certain extent, the first slot 22-7 engages with the ratchet 22-3 at the top, and the second slot 22-8 engages with the ratchet 22-3 at the bottom, achieving double limiting. If the dust accumulation on the filter bag 18 increases further, the negative pressure adsorption force on the mounting plate 15 continues to increase, enabling it to overcome the resistance of the upper and lower ratchet 22-3 simultaneously and continue to rise. At this time, the slider 32-4 slides in the straight groove section of the slide groove 32-5, the rotating disk 32-6 stops rotating, and the support plate 32-8 maintains stable support for the filter bag 18 from the inside. The rise of the mounting plate 15 will drive the support block 21 and the first toothed plate 25 on one side to rise. The first toothed plate 25, through meshing with the gear 26, causes the second toothed plate 27 to drive the connecting plate 28, the connecting ring 30, and the dust scraper ring 31 to move downward. The inclined scraper 31-1 in the dust scraper ring 31, under the action of the positioning spring 31-3, tightly adheres to the surface of the filter bag 18 and scrapes off the dust.

[0070] When the dust on the surface of the filter bag 18 is cleaned and the ventilation efficiency is restored, the air pressure at the top and bottom of the mounting plate 15 tends to be balanced. Under the elastic potential energy of the return spring 22-12, the mounting plate 15 descends and resets. During the descent, the dust scraper ring 31 moves in the opposite direction under the transmission of the gear 26 to perform a secondary cleaning of the surface of the filter bag 18. When the dust scraper ring 31 moves to the top, the slider 32-4 slides to the ramp section of the slide groove 32-5, driving the sleeve rod 32-3, the rotating disk 32-6 and the arc groove 32-7 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the moving rod 32-11 and the support plate 32-8 are reset, and the entire device returns to the initial working state, continuing to provide efficient fume purification and collection services for the welding operation of the welding machine body 10.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the first two embodiments.

[0073] Specifically, the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the dust scraper ring 31 are provided with inclined scraper plates 31-1. The side of the inclined scraper plate 31-1 near the dust scraper ring 31 is fixedly connected with a positioning rod 31-2. The inner cavity of the dust scraper ring 31 is provided with a positioning groove on the side near the positioning rod 31-2. The inner cavity of the positioning groove is fixedly connected with a positioning spring 31-3. The side of the positioning spring 31-3 near the inclined scraper plate 31-1 is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 31-2.

[0074] The positioning spring 31-3 provides elastic support for the inclined scraper 31-1, enabling it to adapt to the shape changes of the filter bag 18 surface and ensuring good contact during the dust scraping process. During the rising and falling of the mounting plate 15, the dust scraping ring 31 performs two dust scraping operations, cleaning the surface of the filter bag 18 in all directions, which greatly improves the dust removal efficiency and allows the filter bag 18 to quickly restore its ventilation and filtration performance, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the welding fume purification and collection device.

[0075] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure, characterized in that: include, The main structure (1) includes a welding machine body (10), a housing (11) is fixed on one side of the welding machine body (10), a negative pressure pipe (12) is connected to the top of the housing (11), a ash hopper (13) is connected to the bottom of the housing (11), a collection pipe (14) is connected to one side of the ash hopper (13), an installation plate (15) is provided in the inner cavity of the housing (11), an installation hole (16) is opened on the top of the installation plate (15), a hoop (17) is snapped into the inner cavity of the installation hole (16), a filter bag (18) is fixed in the inner cavity of the hoop (17), and a bag cage (19) is fixed in the inner cavity of the filter bag (18). The self-cleaning component (2) includes support blocks (21) fixed on both sides of the mounting plate (15). The surface of the mounting plate (15) is provided with a trigger (22). Support grooves (23) are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing (11). The inner cavity of one side of the support groove (23) is connected to the housing (24). A first toothed plate (25) is fixed on the surface of the support block (21) on one side. A gear (26) is meshed on one side of the first toothed plate (25). A second toothed plate (27) is meshed on one side of the gear (26). A through groove (29) is provided on one side of the housing (24). A connecting plate (28) is fixed at the bottom of the second toothed plate (27). One side of the connecting plate (28) passes through the through groove (29) and is fixed with a connecting ring (30). A dust scraper ring (31) is fixed in the inner cavity of the connecting ring (30). A support member (32) is provided on the top of the mounting plate (15). The trigger (22) includes cavities (22-1) on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing (11). A movable frame (22-2) is provided in the inner cavity of the cavity (22-1). A ratchet (22-3) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the movable frame (22-2). A first spring (22-4) is fixedly connected to the side of the ratchet (22-3) away from the mounting plate (15). The side of the first spring (22-4) away from the ratchet (22-3) is connected to the movable frame (22-1). The inner cavity of 2-2) is fixedly connected, and the two sides of the ratchet (22-3) are fixedly connected with limit rods (22-5). The two sides of the moving frame (22-2) are provided with limit grooves (22-6) and cooperate with the limit rods (22-5). The top of the mounting plate (15) near the ratchet (22-3) is provided with a first slot (22-7), and the bottom of the mounting plate (15) near the ratchet (22-3) is provided with a second slot (22-8). A second spring (22-9) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable frame (22-2) away from the mounting plate (15). The side of the second spring (22-9) away from the movable frame (22-2) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the cavity (22-1). A guide wheel (22-10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame (22-2). A guide groove (22-11) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cavity (22-1) and cooperates with the guide wheel (22-10). A reset spring (22-12) is fixedly connected to all four sides of the top of the mounting plate (15). A reset plate (22-13) is fixedly connected to the top of the reset spring (22-12). The reset plate (22-13) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the housing (11). The expansion member (32) includes a fixing plate (32-1) fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the housing (11). A fixing rod (32-2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate (32-1). A sleeve rod (32-3) is slidably connected to the bottom of the fixing rod (32-2). The bottom of the sleeve rod (32-3) passes through the bag cage (19) and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the bag cage (19). A slider (32-4) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing rod (32-2). A sliding groove (32-5) is opened through one side of the sleeve rod (32-3) and cooperates with the slider (32-4). A rotating disk (32-6) is fixedly connected to the surface of the sleeve rod (32-3). An arc-shaped groove (32-7) is formed on the surface of the rotating disk (32-6). A moving rod (32-11) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the arc-shaped groove (32-7). A support plate (32-8) is fixedly connected to the side of the moving rod (32-11) away from the rotating disk (32-6). The surface of the sleeve rod (32-3) is rotatably connected to the base (32-9), and a base plate (32-10) is fixedly connected to one side of the base (32-9). The side of the base plate (32-10) away from the base (32-9) is fixedly connected to the bag cage (19). The top of the base (32-9) is provided with a moving groove (32-12), which cooperates with the moving rod (32-11).

2. The welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A first embedding groove (23-1) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the support groove (23) on one side. A third spring (23-2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the first embedding groove (23-1). A first sealing plate (23-3) is fixedly connected to the top of the third spring (23-2). The top of the first sealing plate (23-3) is in contact with the support block (21) on one side.

3. The welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner cavity of the through groove (29) is provided with a second embedding groove (29-1), and the bottom of the inner cavity of the second embedding groove (29-1) is fixedly connected with a fourth spring (29-2). The top of the fourth spring (29-2) is fixedly connected with a second sealing plate (29-3), and the top of the second sealing plate (29-3) is in contact with the connecting plate (28).

4. The welding fume purification and collection device based on high negative pressure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the inner cavity of the dust scraper ring (31) are provided with inclined scraper plates (31-1). The side of the inclined scraper plate (31-1) near the dust scraper ring (31) is fixedly connected with a positioning rod (31-2). The inner cavity of the dust scraper ring (31) near the positioning rod (31-2) is provided with a positioning groove. The inner cavity of the positioning groove is fixedly connected with a positioning spring (31-3). The side of the positioning spring (31-3) near the inclined scraper plate (31-1) is fixedly connected with the positioning rod (31-2).

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