Superfine powder collecting device and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a superfine powder collecting device and system, and relates to the technical field of powder collecting devices. The device comprises an evaporator and further comprises a buffer device, the buffer device comprises a collecting pipe fixedly communicated with the evaporator, the other end of the collecting pipe is communicated with a buffer tank, and the other side of the buffer tank is communicated with a material conveying pipe; the cyclone collectors are communicated with one another and comprise feeding barrels fixedly communicated with one end of the conveying pipe, exhaust fans are fixedly mounted at the upper ends of the feeding barrels, air outlet pipes are constructed at the outlet ends of the exhaust fans, and conical blanking barrels are fixedly communicated with the bottoms of the feeding barrels. According to the invention, the spiral pipe frame is sequentially connected to the plurality of cyclone collectors, and the staged control of the temperature in the feeding cylinder is realized by utilizing the stage of water flow heat absorption, so that powder particles with different particle sizes are gradually cooled, the powder is directly screened and collected during condensation collection, the uniformity of the collected particles is ensured, and the production efficiency is improved. And subsequent use of the powder is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of powder collecting devices, and in particular to an ultrafine powder collecting device and system. Background Art

[0002] The vapor phase method for producing ultrafine metal powders is an important process with various technical routes and characteristics. The evaporation-condensation method, for example, heats the metal to a vaporized state and then rapidly condenses it in a condenser to form ultrafine metal powder. For example, nickel metal vaporizes at 1425°C and then rapidly condenses it to produce nickel powder. Under vacuum, the evaporation temperature can be lowered; for example, at a pressure of 1.33 Pa, nickel can produce vapor at 700°C.

[0003] However, the evaporation-condensation method still produces powders of different particle sizes due to uneven temperature in the condenser, or the powder contains a small amount of irregular shapes or oversized particles due to excessive temperature difference, which affects the practical application of subsequent materials. In this case, subsequent screening is usually used, which not only increases the process but also easily causes material waste.

[0004] Therefore, an ultrafine powder collecting device and system are proposed, which can classify and screen the powder during production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, and to provide an ultrafine powder collection device and system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An ultrafine powder collecting device includes an evaporator and further includes:

[0008] A buffer device, comprising a collecting pipe fixedly connected to the evaporator, the other end of the collecting pipe being connected to a buffer tank, and the other side of the buffer tank being connected to a feed pipe;

[0009] The cyclone collectors are multiple and interconnected, including a feed barrel fixedly connected to one end of a conveying pipe, an exhaust fan fixedly mounted on the upper end of the feed barrel, an air outlet pipe configured at the outlet end of the exhaust fan, a conical blanking barrel fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed barrel, a material separation frame connected to the bottom of the conical blanking barrel, and a separated air inlet pipe connected to the exhaust fan configured in the middle of the feed barrel;

[0010] The graded heat exchange element comprises a spiral tube frame fixedly attached to the outer wall of the feed barrel, wherein a plurality of the spiral tube frames are interconnected through connecting pipes;

[0011] The vibrating blanking piece is installed on the spiral tube frame and is used to vibrate the side wall of the feed barrel.

[0012] In the above technical solution, by connecting the spiral tube frame to multiple cyclone collectors in sequence and utilizing the staged heat absorption of water flow, the temperature in the feed barrel is controlled in stages, thereby gradually cooling powder particles of different particle sizes, so that the powder can be directly screened and collected during condensation collection, ensuring the uniformity of the collected particles, which is conducive to the subsequent use of the powder; and by arranging an oscillating discharge piece on the spiral tube frame, the feed barrel can vibrate when it contacts the powder, reducing the contact time between the powder particles and the inner wall of the feed barrel, avoiding powder accumulation or adhesion, thereby reducing the generation of irregular and oversized powder particles, reducing them from the root, and increasing product quality. At the same time, the equipment operates automatically as a whole, without the need for human intervention, saving manpower and improving processing efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the buffer tank is fixedly connected to a hydraulic push rod, the output end of the hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to a reciprocating rod that movably passes through the buffer tank, and the bottom end of the reciprocating rod is fixedly connected to a negative pressure suction cup that is slidably installed in the buffer tank.

[0014] In the above technical solution, as the reciprocating rod is driven to move continuously by the hydraulic push rod, a rotating airflow flowing up and down is formed in the buffer tank to balance the temperature of the gas and powder.

[0015] Furthermore, a spiral cooling pipe is wound around the collecting pipe, and one end of the spiral cooling pipe is connected to the spiral pipe frame through a water pipe.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the cooling water circulation is achieved by cooperating with the spiral tube frame and the water pipe. The cooling water continuously circulating in the spiral cooling tube can pre-cool the powder and increase the subsequent condensation efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the material distribution frame includes a circular frame, a material receiving pipe is constructed on the top of the circular frame, the material receiving pipe is connected to the bottom end of the conical blanking barrel, and a spiral sliding plate is constructed in the material receiving pipe.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the backflow of powder can be avoided by the design of the spiral sliding plate.

[0019] Furthermore, an air guide ring is connected through the side wall of the feed barrel, and the air guide ring is spiral-shaped with one side located in the feed barrel and the other side located in the spiral tube frame.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the air guide ring is used to guide the powder to spirally fall to avoid backflow.

[0021] Furthermore, the air guide ring includes a spiral steel sheet fixedly installed on the side wall of the feed barrel, the part of the spiral steel sheet located inside the feed barrel is constructed with a mesh, and the part of the spiral steel sheet located inside the spiral tube frame is constructed with a heat-conducting vertical sheet.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the heat exchange efficiency is improved and the powder condensation efficiency is guaranteed by the design of the spiral steel sheet and the mesh holes thereon.

[0023] Furthermore, the oscillating blanking part includes a plurality of vertical shafts that rotate and penetrate the spiral tube frame, and a plurality of wave flow plates located in the spiral tube frame are constructed on the vertical shafts. The wave flow plates are arranged between the inner wall of the spiral tube frame and the heat-conducting vertical plates. A plurality of rotating blocks located on the upper side of the spiral tube frame are fixedly sleeved on the vertical shaft, and an impact block is eccentrically hinged on the rotating block.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the role of cooling water is further referenced, and the impact blocks are driven to impact by water flow, thereby saving energy.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing part for controlling the wave flow plate to stop rotating, and the fixing part includes a support plate installed on the outside of the spiral tube frame, and a magnetic expansion block arranged opposite to the rotating block is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the rotating block is constructed with two clamping grooves arranged perpendicularly to the side of the wave flow plate.

[0026] In the above technical solution, in order to adapt to the contact time between different powder products and the inner wall of the feed barrel, the impact frequency can be adjusted through the design of the fixing parts to improve the adaptability and flexibility of the device.

[0027] Furthermore, the number of the magnetic telescopic blocks is consistent with the number of vertical axes. The magnetic telescopic block includes a sleeve frame fixedly connected to the support plate. The end of the sleeve frame facing the rotating block is open and an insert block is slidably installed therein. One end of the insert block is used to engage with the card slot and a support spring is connected between the other end and the sleeve frame. The inner end of the sleeve frame is fixedly connected to two electromagnets arranged on both sides of the support spring.

[0028] An ultrafine powder collection system comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1: The evaporator heats the metal by plasma, laser or electron beam, so that it reaches the boiling point and rises with the steam and enters the collection tube;

[0030] S2: The spiral cooling tube cools the collecting tube, and the evaporated metal is initially condensed, and the smallest particle powder is separated and enters the buffer tank with the remaining gas;

[0031] S3: The hydraulic push rod on the buffer tank drives the negative pressure suction cup to move back and forth in the buffer tank, and the powder and gas form a cyclone that circulates up and down and balances the temperature;

[0032] S4: The first cyclone collector draws in gas and powder, and separates the gas and powder through cyclones. After the multiple spiral tube frames are connected through connecting pipes, cooling water is injected through the last cyclone collector. The water flows to the preceding cyclone collectors in turn to form a temperature difference. The cyclone collectors collect powder from the preceding to the following, and the size of the powder particles increases in turn, thereby realizing graded screening of the powder through temperature difference.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. The present invention connects the spiral tube frame to multiple cyclone collectors in sequence and utilizes the staged heat absorption of water flow to achieve graded control of the temperature in the feed barrel, thereby gradually cooling powder particles of different particle sizes, allowing the powder to be directly screened and collected during condensation collection, ensuring the uniformity of the collected particles and facilitating the subsequent use of the powder.

[0035] 2. The present invention provides an oscillating discharge piece on the spiral tube frame, which can make the feed barrel vibrate when it contacts the powder, reducing the contact time between the powder particles and the inner wall of the feed barrel, avoiding powder accumulation or adhesion, thereby reducing the generation of irregular shapes and oversized particles of powder, reducing them from the root and increasing product quality. At the same time, the equipment operates automatically as a whole, without the need for human intervention, saving manpower and improving processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a half-section diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cyclone collector of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a half-section view of the three-dimensional structure of the buffer device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the staged heat exchange element of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air guide ring of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibration blanking part of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a half-section view of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing member of the present invention;

[0043] Reference numerals: 1, evaporator; 101, collecting pipe; 1011, spiral cooling pipe; 1012, water pipe; 102, buffer tank; 1021, hydraulic push rod; 1022, reciprocating rod; 1023, negative pressure suction cup; 103, feeding pipe; 2, buffer device; 3, cyclone collector; 301, feeding barrel; 302, exhaust fan; 303, air outlet pipe; 304, conical blanking barrel; 305, material distribution frame; 3051, round frame; 3052, material receiving pipe; 3053, spiral sliding plate; 3 06. Separated air inlet pipe; 4. Graded heat exchange component; 401. Spiral tube frame; 402. Connecting pipe; 5. Oscillating blanking component; 501. Vertical shaft; 502. Wave flow plate; 503. Rotating block; 5031. Snap-fit ​​groove; 504. Impact block; 6. Air guide ring; 601. Spiral steel sheet; 602. Mesh; 603. Thermal vertical plate; 7. Fixing part; 701. Support plate; 702. Magnetic expansion block; 7021. Frame; 7022. Insert block; 7023. Support spring; 7024. Electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] like Figures 1-6 As shown, an ultrafine powder collection device proposed in one embodiment of the present invention includes an evaporator 1. The evaporator 1 includes a vacuum tank with a weighing instrument and a crucible installed at the bottom. An ultra-high temperature plasma heater inserted into the crucible is installed on the upper side of the vacuum tank, which can perform heating and evaporation treatment on various metals. For example, in the preparation of nickel powder, a metal nickel block enters the evaporation furnace through a feeder, is heated to the boiling point by plasma, laser or electron beam, and is condensed and collected by a subsequent collection device.

[0046] Also includes:

[0047] The buffer device 2 includes a collecting pipe 101 fixedly connected to the evaporator 1. The other end of the collecting pipe 101 is connected to a buffer tank 102. The other side of the buffer tank 102 is connected to a material delivery pipe 103. It should be noted that valves are provided on both the collecting pipe 101 and the material delivery pipe 103. In case of emergencies (such as power outages or equipment failures), the buffer tank 102 can serve as an emergency protection. The relevant valves are closed to maintain the vacuum state in the evaporator 1 to prevent outside air from entering the system. At the same time, the material in the buffer tank 102 is discharged to avoid pollution and waste.

[0048] The cyclone collectors 3 are multiple and interconnected, including a feed drum 301 fixedly connected to one end of the conveying pipe 103, an exhaust fan 302 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the feed drum 301, an air outlet pipe 303 is constructed at the outlet end of the exhaust fan 302, a conical blanking drum 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed drum 301, a dividing frame 305 is connected to the bottom of the conical blanking drum 304, and a separated air inlet pipe 306 connected to the exhaust fan 302 is constructed in the middle part of the feed drum 301. It should be noted that the exhaust fan 302 includes a circular frame, the bottom side of the circular frame is an air inlet and is connected to the separated air inlet pipe 306, and the side thereof is connected to the air outlet pipe 303, and the side of the feed drum 301 is connected to the air inlet pipe for communicating with the conveying pipe 103 and the air outlet pipes 303 of other cyclone collectors 3, thereby forming a multi-stage exhaust structure;

[0049] The graded heat exchanger 4 includes a spiral tube frame 401 fixedly attached to the outer wall of the feed barrel 301, and multiple spiral tube frames 401 are interconnected through a connecting pipe 402. A spiral tube frame 401 is wound around the outer wall of each feed barrel 301, and the spiral tube frames 401 are interconnected. It should be noted that the spiral tube frame 401 is connected to the existing heat exchanger to exchange heat, realize heat recovery and utilization, and also ensure the circulation of condensed water. Among the multiple spiral tube frames 401, the first cyclone collector 3 is connected to the delivery pipe 103, and the subsequent ones are the second and third in sequence. The direction of flow of condensed water in the spiral tube frame 401 is from the subsequent cyclone collector 3 to the preceding cyclone collector 3. When the condensed water flows through this, it will gradually absorb the temperature in the feed barrel 301 and gradually heat up. The closer it is to the delivery pipe 103, the 01 The less affected by the condensed water, the higher the temperature inside it, so as to create a temperature difference in different feeding barrels 301. When the powder enters the first cyclone collector 3, it will be affected by the condensed water and condensed. The smallest particles in the powder will release all the heat first, and then condense and fall into the conical drop barrel 304 below. Although the large particles of powder have reduced the heat, they are still in a gasified state and can be sucked into another cyclone collector 3 by the exhaust fan 302. Then, part of the heat is released again in the cyclone collector 3, and the powder particles that meet the condensation standard fall, while the larger particles continue to be sucked into the subsequent cyclone collector 3 by the exhaust fan 302. The operation of powder grading and screening can be effectively realized in sequence, and screening can be realized from the condensation process. There is no need for a separate screening process later, which saves a lot of time, improves processing efficiency, and ensures product quality.

[0050] The vibrating discharge member 5 is mounted on the spiral tube frame 401 and is used to vibrate the side wall of the feed barrel 301. This can cause the side wall of the feed barrel 301 to vibrate, thereby causing the feed barrel 301 to vibrate when it contacts the powder, reducing the contact time between the powder particles and the inner wall of the feed barrel 301, avoiding powder accumulation or adhesion, thereby reducing the generation of irregular-shaped and oversized powder particles, reducing them from the root and improving product quality;

[0051] It should be noted that the device is mainly suitable for collecting nickel powder, copper powder and iron powder, among which the typical mainstream size of nickel powder is 60-1000nm, spherical or quasi-spherical, and sphericity>90%. In nickel powder, nickel purity>99%, typical impurity content, carbon content 0.01%~0.2%, iron content <0.02%, aluminum content <0.02%, silicon content <0.02%, calcium content <0.02%, magnesium content <0.02%, cobalt content <0.03%, etc., the oxygen content of nickel powder is 0.3%-5.0%, the typical mainstream size of copper powder is 100-5000nm, spherical or quasi-spherical, and sphericity>90%, the copper purity in copper powder is>99%, and the typical impurity content , carbon content 0.02%~0.5%, iron content <0.02%, aluminum content <0.02%, silicon content <0.02%, calcium content <0.02%, magnesium content <0.02%, nickel content <0.03%, etc., the oxygen content of copper powder is 0.1%-2.0%, the typical mainstream size of iron powder is 150-1500nm, spherical or quasi-spherical, sphericity >90%, iron purity in iron powder >99%, typical impurity content, carbon content 0.01%~0.3%, aluminum content <0.03%, silicon content <0.03%, calcium content <0.03%, magnesium content <0.03%, nickel content <0.03%, etc., the oxygen content of iron powder is 0.1%-2.0%.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the specific structure of the buffer tank 102 of the present invention is disclosed, which is used to ensure the temperature balance of the evaporated gas. The upper end of the buffer tank 102 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic push rod 1021, and the output end of the hydraulic push rod 1021 is fixedly connected to a reciprocating rod 1022 that is movable through the buffer tank 102. The bottom end of the reciprocating rod 1022 is fixedly connected to a negative pressure suction cup 1023 that is slidably installed in the buffer tank 102. When the metal is evaporated, it will enter the buffer tank 102 through the collection pipe 101 for transfer. The buffer tank 102 will The gas undergoes preliminary condensation, and the powder that contacts the tank wall and the tube wall will condense first. To prevent large particles from condensing first, the hydraulic push rod 1021 can be used to drive the reciprocating rod 1022 and the negative pressure suction cup 1023 to move up and down in the buffer tank 102, so that a cyclone that rotates up and down is formed in the buffer tank 102, thereby mixing the gas. After the gas outside the airflow is mixed with the gas inside it, the temperature can be balanced, so that the gas has a uniform temperature when it enters the cyclone collector 3, thereby ensuring the precision of subsequent grading and screening.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, a spiral cooling tube 1011 is wound around the collecting tube 101, and one end of the spiral cooling tube 1011 is connected to the spiral tube frame 401 through a water pipe 1012. The spiral cooling tube 1011 is set on the collecting tube 101, and cooling water can be provided to it through the spiral tube frame 401. The cooling water is supplied to the spiral tube frame 401 on the first cyclone collector 3, and can perform preliminary cooling on the evaporated gas to lower the gas temperature and reduce the difficulty of subsequent graded screening, thereby reducing the number of cyclone collectors 3 required to be set up and saving costs. At the same time, the spiral cooling tube 1011 cooperates with the movable structure of the buffer tank 102 to ensure the balanced temperature of the gas, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent graded screening.

[0054] like Figure 2As shown, the specific structure of the material distribution frame 305 of the present invention is disclosed to avoid the occurrence of backflow phenomenon. The material distribution frame 305 includes a circular frame 3051. The top of the circular frame 3051 is configured with a material receiving pipe 3052. The material receiving pipe 3052 is connected to the bottom end of the conical blanking barrel 304. A spiral sliding plate 3053 is configured in the material receiving pipe 3052. The main working principle of the cyclone collector 3 is to rely on centrifugal force and gravity to achieve solid-gas separation. The powder-containing gas enters its interior from the feed barrel 301 in a tangential direction. Due to the air intake direction Perpendicular to the axis of the feed barrel 301, the gas forms a strong rotational motion inside it (similar to a tornado). This rotational motion causes the solid particles in the gas to be affected by centrifugal force. When the particles enter the distribution frame 305 below, if there is too much powder in it, it will continue to rotate and flow, thereby driving some of the powder to rise and reflux. To avoid this phenomenon, a spiral sliding plate 3053 is set in the receiving pipe 3052, which can guide the powder into the circular frame 3051 and prevent the powder from rising and reflux, thereby increasing safety.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the side wall structure of the feed barrel 301 of the present invention is disclosed, which is used to improve the cyclone efficiency and increase the heat exchange effect. An air guide ring 6 is connected through the side wall of the feed barrel 301. The air guide ring 6 is spiral and one side is located in the feed barrel 301 and the other side is located in the spiral tube frame 401. The air guide ring 6 can guide the rotation of the airflow to ensure that it generates a spiral airflow, so that the powder falls smoothly and reduces the backflow and rising phenomenon. At the same time, the air guide ring 6 is connected to the inner and outer sides of the feed barrel 301, and can quickly guide the heat in the feed barrel 301 to the spiral tube frame 401, thereby improving the cooling effect and ensuring the powder condensation efficiency.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the specific structure of the air guide ring 6 of the present invention is disclosed. The air guide ring 6 includes a spiral steel sheet 601 fixedly installed on the side wall of the feed barrel 301. The part of the spiral steel sheet 601 located on the inner side of the feed barrel 301 is constructed with a mesh 602, and the part of the spiral steel sheet 601 located in the spiral tube frame 401 is constructed with a heat-conducting vertical sheet 603. By arranging the mesh 602 on the spiral steel sheet 601, the obstruction to the airflow can be reduced, so that the airflow can rotate smoothly and the cyclone effect is guaranteed.

[0057] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the specific structure of the oscillating blanking piece 5 of the present invention is disclosed, which is used to vibrate the side wall of the feed barrel 301, reduce the contact time between the powder and the side wall, and ensure the graded condensation effect. The oscillating blanking piece 5 includes a plurality of vertical shafts 501 that are rotatably installed in the spiral tube frame 401, and a plurality of wave flow sheets 502 located in the spiral tube frame 401 are constructed on the vertical shaft 501. The wave flow sheets 502 are arranged between the inner wall of the spiral tube frame 401 and the heat-conducting vertical sheets 603. A plurality of rotating blocks 503 located on the upper side of the spiral tube frame 401 are fixedly sleeved on the vertical shaft 501, and an impact block 504 is eccentrically hinged on the rotating block 503. It should be noted that the vertical shaft 501 arranged in the spiral tube frame 401 is perpendicular to the spiral line of the spiral tube frame 401. A single vertical shaft 501 can simultaneously drive the inner and outer surfaces of the spiral tube frame 401. The multiple wave flow plates 502 rotate, and when the condensed water in the spiral tube frame 401 flows rapidly, the wave flow plates 502 can be driven by the water flow to rotate therein, so that the vertical axis 501 drives the rotating block 503 at its upper end to rotate synchronously. When the rotating block 503 rotates, the hinged impact block 504 will be flipped and expanded toward the outside of the rotating block 503 by the centrifugal force, so that it will hit the outer wall of the feed barrel 301 when the rotating block 503 rotates close to it. After the collision, it will be obstructed and flipped back to the upper side of the rotating block 503, and the cycle will be repeated, so as to achieve the vibration effect of the side wall of the feed barrel 301, reduce the contact time between the powder and the inner wall of the feed barrel 301, reduce the accumulation and adhesion of the powder, reduce the generation of irregular shapes and oversized particles from the root, and ensure the processing quality.

[0058] like Figure 6-Figure 7As shown, a control mechanism of the wave flow plate 502 of the present invention is disclosed, which is used to control the rotation and stop of the wave flow plate 502 to increase flexibility. It also includes a fixing member 7 for controlling the wave flow plate 502 to stop rotating. The fixing member 7 includes a support plate 701 installed on the outside of the spiral tube frame 401, and a magnetic expansion block 702 arranged opposite to the rotating block 503 is fixedly connected to the support plate 701. The rotating block 503 is constructed with two clamping grooves 5031 arranged perpendicularly to the side of the wave flow plate 502. The fixing member 7 can be automatically connected with the clamping groove 5031 on the rotating block 503 through the magnetic expansion block 702, thereby limiting and fixing the vertical axis 501, so that the rotating block 503 stops rotating, thereby adjusting the vibration frequency of the feed barrel 301 to adapt to different The contact time between the powder product and the inner wall of the feed barrel 301 is the same, which ensures the powder coagulation efficiency while also ensuring the quality of grading and screening, and increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the device. It should be noted that when the magnetic telescopic block 702 is inserted into the clamping groove 5031, the wave flow plate 502 will be parallel to the spiral line of the spiral tube frame 401, thereby reducing the obstruction to the water flow and ensuring the smooth flow of water. The vertical axis 501 is not set in the middle of the spiral tube frame 401. The distance between the vertical axis 501 and the inner wall of the spiral tube frame 401 and the heat-conducting vertical plate 603 is the same. There is a certain distance between the heat-conducting vertical plate 603 and the outer wall of the feed barrel 301. This can make the water flow on both sides of the vertical axis 501 different, thereby ensuring the rotation effect of the wave flow plate 502.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the specific structure of the magnetic expansion block 702 of the present invention is disclosed, which is used to automatically control the limiting and fixing operation of the rotating block 503. The number of magnetic expansion blocks 702 is the same as the number of vertical shafts 501. The magnetic expansion block 702 includes a sleeve 7021 fixedly connected to the support plate 701. The end of the sleeve 7021 facing the rotating block 503 is open and an insert block 7022 is slidably installed therein. One end of the insert block 7022 is used to be inserted into the clamping groove 5031 and the other end is connected to the sleeve 7021 with a support spring 7023. The inner end of the sleeve 7021 is fixedly connected There are two electromagnets 7024 arranged on both sides of the support spring 7023. When the electromagnet 7024 is energized, it will attract the plug block 7022 to make it out of the range of the clamping slot 5031, and the rotating block 503 will rotate smoothly. When the electromagnet 7024 loses power, the support spring 7023 will automatically push the plug block 7022 toward the rotating block 503, so that it is inserted into the clamping slot 5031, realizing the limit operation of the rotation of the rotating block 503. No human intervention is required, and the operation is automatic, saving manpower and improving work efficiency.

[0060] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, an ultrafine powder collection system proposed in one embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: The evaporator 1 heats the metal by plasma, laser or electron beam, so that the metal reaches the boiling point and then rises with the steam and enters the collection pipe 101;

[0062] S2: The spiral cooling tube 1011 cools the collecting tube 101, and the evaporated metal is initially condensed, and the smallest particle powder is separated and enters the buffer tank 102 along with the remaining gas;

[0063] S3: The hydraulic push rod 1021 on the buffer tank 102 drives the negative pressure suction cup 1023 to move back and forth in the buffer tank 102, and the powder and gas form a cyclone that circulates up and down and balances the temperature;

[0064] S4: The first cyclone collector 3 draws in gas and powder, and separates the gas and powder through cyclones. After multiple spiral tube frames 401 are connected through the connecting pipe 402, cooling water is injected through the last cyclone collector 3. The water flows to the preceding cyclone collectors 3 in sequence to form a temperature difference. The cyclone collectors 3 collect from the preceding to the following, and the size of the powder particles is increased in sequence, thereby realizing the classification and screening of the powder through the temperature difference.

[0065] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ultrafine powder collecting device, comprising an evaporator (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A buffer device (2), the buffer device (2) comprising a collecting pipe (101) fixedly connected to the evaporator (1), the other end of the collecting pipe (101) being connected to a buffer tank (102), and the other side of the buffer tank (102) being connected to a feed pipe (103); The cyclone collectors (3) are multiple and interconnected, and the cyclone collectors (3) include a feed barrel (301) fixedly connected to one end of the conveying pipe (103), an exhaust fan (302) fixedly installed on the upper end of the feed barrel (301), an air outlet pipe (303) configured at the outlet end of the exhaust fan (302), a conical blanking barrel (304) fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed barrel (301), a material separation frame (305) connected to the bottom of the conical blanking barrel (304), and a separating air inlet pipe (306) connected to the exhaust fan (302) configured in the middle of the feed barrel (301); The graded heat exchange element (4) comprises a spiral tube frame (401) fixedly attached to the outer wall of the feed barrel (301), wherein a plurality of the spiral tube frames (401) are interconnected via a connecting pipe (402); The vibrating blanking member (5) is mounted on the spiral tube frame (401) and is used to vibrate the side wall of the feeding cylinder (301).

2. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the buffer tank (102) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic push rod (1021), the output end of the hydraulic push rod (1021) is fixedly connected to a reciprocating rod (1022) that movably penetrates the buffer tank (102), and the bottom end of the reciprocating rod (1022) is fixedly connected to a negative pressure suction cup (1023) that is slidably installed in the buffer tank (102).

3. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spiral cooling tube (1011) is wound around the collecting tube (101), and one end of the spiral cooling tube (1011) is connected to the spiral tube frame (401) via a water pipe (1012).

4. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distribution frame (305) includes a circular frame (3051), the top of the circular frame (3051) is provided with a material receiving pipe (3052), the material receiving pipe (3052) is connected to the bottom end of the conical blanking barrel (304), and a spiral sliding plate (3053) is constructed inside the material receiving pipe (3052).

5. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide ring (6) is connected through the side wall of the feed barrel (301), and the air guide ring (6) is spiral-shaped, with one side located in the feed barrel (301) and the other side located in the spiral tube frame (401).

6. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air guide ring (6) comprises a spiral steel sheet (601) fixedly installed on the side wall of the feed barrel (301), wherein the portion of the spiral steel sheet (601) located inside the feed barrel (301) is provided with a mesh (602), and the portion of the spiral steel sheet (601) located inside the spiral tube frame (401) is provided with a heat conducting vertical sheet (603).

7. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oscillating blanking component (5) includes a plurality of vertical shafts (501) that are rotatably installed through the spiral tube frame (401), the vertical shafts (501) are provided with a plurality of wave flow sheets (502) located in the spiral tube frame (401), the wave flow sheets (502) are arranged between the inner wall of the spiral tube frame (401) and the heat-conducting vertical sheet (603), the vertical shafts (501) are fixedly sleeved with a plurality of rotating blocks (503) located on the upper side of the spiral tube frame (401), and the rotating blocks (503) are eccentrically hinged with impact blocks (504).

8. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also includes a fixing member (7) for controlling the wave flow plate (502) to stop rotating. The fixing member (7) includes a support plate (701) mounted on the outside of the spiral tube frame (401). The support plate (701) is fixedly connected to a magnetic expansion block (702) arranged opposite to the rotating block (503). The rotating block (503) is constructed with two snap-in grooves (5031) arranged perpendicularly to the side surfaces of the wave flow plate (502).

9. The ultrafine powder collecting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the magnetic expansion blocks (702) is consistent with the number of the vertical shafts (501), and the magnetic expansion blocks (702) include a sleeve frame (7021) fixedly connected to the support plate (701), one end of the sleeve frame (7021) facing the rotating block (503) is open, and an insert block (7022) is slidably installed therein, one end of the insert block (7022) is used to be inserted into the clamping groove (5031), and the other end is connected to a support spring (7023) between the sleeve frame (7021), and the inner end of the sleeve frame (7021) is fixedly connected to two electromagnets (7024) respectively arranged on both sides of the support spring (7023).

10. An ultrafine powder collection system, applied to an ultrafine powder collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The evaporator (1) heats the metal using plasma, laser or electron beam, causing it to reach boiling point and then rise with the steam and enter the collecting tube (101); S2: The spiral cooling tube (1011) cools the collecting tube (101), and the evaporated metal is initially condensed, and the smallest particle powder is separated and enters the buffer tank (102) along with the remaining gas; S3: The hydraulic push rod (1021) on the buffer tank (102) drives the negative pressure suction cup (1023) to move back and forth in the buffer tank (102), and the powder and gas form a cyclone that circulates up and down and balances the temperature; S4: The first cyclone collector (3) draws in gas and powder, and separates the gas and powder through cyclone. After the plurality of spiral tube frames (401) are connected through the connecting pipe (402), cooling water is injected through the last cyclone collector (3). The water flows to the preceding cyclone collectors (3) in sequence to form a temperature difference. The cyclone collectors (3) collect powder from the preceding to the succeeding sequence, and the size of the powder particles is increased in sequence, thereby achieving graded screening of the powder through the temperature difference.

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