A liquid seaweed fertilizer and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of liquid fertilizer containing seaweed and a preparation method thereof, and ingredients include, by mass fraction: seaweed enzymatic solution 100 parts, vinasse extract 10-20 parts, calcium bentonite 6-10 parts, kelp fucoidan 4-6 parts, zinc citrate 0.3-0.7 parts.The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer containing seaweed provided by the application pretreats seaweed raw materials with vinasse extract, softens seaweed cell walls with organic acid and amino acid components, and reduces the amount of complex enzyme used;By compounding calcium bentonite with kelp fucoidan to form a slow-release carrier, active substances such as gibberellins and brown algal polyphenols are effectively adsorbed, oxidative degradation loss is reduced, and the field fertilizer efficiency period is extended;Through the synergistic effect of vinasse extract pretreatment and bentonite carrier, the industry problem of low active ingredient retention rate in seaweed acid extraction process is solved, the retention rate of gibberellin in fertilizer and the dissolution rate of seaweed acid are significantly improved, and the growth level of crops is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a liquid fertilizer containing seaweed and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seaweed is rich in amino acids, inorganic salts, vitamins, fucoidan, enzymes, plant hormones, polyphenols, polysaccharides and other active substances, and is widely used in agriculture in the form of feed, liquid fertilizer, plant nutrient agent and the like.

[0003] The liquid fertilizer containing seaweed prepared by using seaweed as raw material is an organic and efficient fertilizer, which contains rich functional substances such as inorganic salts, organic matter and amino acids, has full efficiency of fertilizer, has a regulating effect on soil and a stimulating and promoting effect on crops, can improve soil, promote plant growth, improve yield and quality of crops and enhance crop resistance, and is a green, non-toxic and pollution-free high-quality agricultural fertilizer.

[0004] However, the seaweed fertilizer prepared by the prior art still has many places to improve, such as the ordinary enzyme extraction method for extracting seaweed active substances is easy to cause the retention rate of gibberellins and brown algal polyphenols to be reduced, and the slow-release effect of the existing brand of seaweed liquid fertilizer is low, and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a liquid fertilizer containing seaweed which is improved in technology. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A liquid fertilizer containing seaweed, which comprises, by mass fraction: 100 parts of seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate, 10-20 parts of vinasse extract, 6-10 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 4-6 parts of laminarin from kelp, and 0.3-0.7 parts of zinc citrate; the seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate is obtained by subjecting seaweed powder prepared from a mixture of spirulina and bladderwrack to enzymatic reaction of a complex enzyme, and the complex enzyme comprises alginate lyase and fucoidin lyase; the vinasse extract is composed of vinasse and water.

[0007] Preferably, in the mixture of spirulina and bladderwrack, the mixing ratio of spirulina to bladderwrack is 3:2.

[0008] Preferably, the complex enzyme comprises alginate lyase and fucoidin lyase, the alginate lyase and the fucoidin lyase are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the complex enzyme is 2.0% of the mass of the seaweed powder.

[0009] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1, after the vinasse is crushed and sieved, a certain amount of warm water is added, and after ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation, the supernatant is taken, and the vinasse extract is obtained after concentration;

[0011] S2, the spirulina is mixed with the bladderwrack, dried, crushed and airflow pulverized to obtain seaweed powder, then the distiller's grains extract prepared in step S1 and water are added and heated and stirred;

[0012] S3, enzymes are added to the reaction system of S2 to enzymatically hydrolyze the seaweed, and an enzymatic hydrolysis liquid is prepared after concentration;

[0013] S4, calcium bentonite is mixed with laminarin fucoidan, water is added to prepare a slurry, high-speed shearing is performed, the enzymatic hydrolysis liquid prepared in S3 is mixed, zinc citrate is added, and homogenization is performed to obtain a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer finished product.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the water content of the distiller's grains is ≤10%, the crushed product is sieved through a 60-mesh sieve, the temperature of the warm water is 40-60℃, the ultrasonic power is 200W, the ultrasonic time is 10min, and the mass ratio of the distiller's grains to the warm water is 1:8.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, the concentration method is water bath heating, and the concentration temperature is 60℃.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the drying temperature is 45-60℃, the crushing is sieved through a 40-mesh sieve, and the airflow pulverization is sieved through a 160-mesh sieve.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the heating and stirring temperature is 50℃, and the stirring time is 30min.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 35-45℃, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-6h, and the concentration method is rotary evaporation.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the high-speed shearing speed is 3000r / min, and the shearing time is 15min.

[0020] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer preparation method provided by the present application can pretreat seaweed raw materials by using distiller's grains extract, can soften seaweed cell walls by using organic acid and amino acid components contained in the distiller's grains extract, can significantly reduce the amount of compound enzymes, and can greatly reduce production costs while ensuring efficient extraction of active ingredients.

[0022] 2. The seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer and the preparation method thereof provided by the present application can form a slow-release carrier by compounding calcium bentonite and laminarin fucoidan from kelp, can effectively adsorb heat-sensitive active substances such as gibberellins and brown algal polyphenols, can reduce oxidative degradation loss, and can prolong the field fertilizer effect period.

[0023] 3. The seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer and its preparation method provided by the application solve the industry problem of low retention rate of active ingredients in the seaweed acid extraction process through the synergistic effect of the distiller's grains extract and the bentonite carrier, significantly improve the retention rate of gibberellin and the dissolution rate of seaweed acid, and further improve the growth level of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] For better purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the application, the application will be further described below in combination with specific examples.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer, which comprises, by mass fraction, 100 parts of seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate, 15 parts of distiller's grains extract, 8 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 5 parts of kelp fucoidan and 0.5 parts of zinc citrate.

[0027] The seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate is obtained by subjecting seaweed powder prepared from a mixture of spirulina and bladderwrack to enzymatic reaction of a compound enzyme, and the compound enzyme comprises alginate lyase and brown algae pectin lyase; the distiller's grains extract is composed of distiller's grains and water. The compound enzyme comprises alginate lyase and brown algae pectin lyase, and the alginate lyase and the brown algae pectin lyase are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the compound enzyme is 2.0% of the mass of the seaweed powder.

[0028] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1. 10 g of distiller's grains with a water content of ≤10% is crushed and then passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then 80 g of 40℃ warm water is added at a mass ratio of 1:8, and after ultrasonic treatment at 200 W for 10 min, the supernatant is obtained by centrifugation, and then concentrated to a total weight of 15 g by water bath heating at 60℃, to obtain a distiller's grains extract;

[0030] S2. 60 g of spirulina and 40 g of bladderwrack are mixed, dried at 50℃, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and then air-jet pulverized to obtain seaweed powder, and then the distiller's grains extract prepared in step S1 and 1200 g of purified water are added, and heated and stirred at 50℃ for 30 min;

[0031] S3. The temperature of the reaction system of S2 is reduced to 40℃, 1 g of alginate lyase and 1 g of brown algae pectin lyase are mixed to prepare a compound enzyme, and the reaction system of S2 is added to the reaction system to perform enzymatic hydrolysis on the seaweed, and after 5 h of enzymatic hydrolysis, rotary evaporation is performed to concentrate the system to a total mass of 100 g, to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate;

[0032] S4. 8 g of calcium-based bentonite and 5 g of kelp fucoidan are mixed, and then water is added to prepare a slurry, which is then subjected to high-speed shearing at 3000 r / min for 15 min, and then mixed with the 100 g of enzymatic hydrolysate prepared in S3, and then 0.5 g of zinc citrate is added and homogenized, to obtain a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer product.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer, which comprises, by mass fraction, 100 parts of seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate, 10 parts of vinasse extract, 6 parts of calcium bentonite, 4 parts of laminarin, and 0.3 parts of zinc citrate.

[0035] The seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate is obtained by subjecting seaweed powder prepared from a mixture of spirulina and bladderwrack to enzymatic hydrolysis with a complex enzyme comprising alginate lyase and fucoidan lyase; the vinasse extract is composed of vinasse and water.

[0036] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. 10 g of vinasse with a water content of ≤10% is ground and passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then 80 g of 40℃ warm water is added at a mass ratio of 1:8, and after ultrasonic treatment at 200 W for 10 min, the supernatant is obtained by centrifugation, and the supernatant is concentrated to a total weight of 10 g by water bath heating at 60℃, to obtain the vinasse extract;

[0038] S2. 60 g of spirulina and 40 g of bladderwrack are mixed, dried at 45℃, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and then air-jet pulverized to obtain seaweed powder, and then the seaweed powder is mixed with the vinasse extract obtained in step S1 and 1200 g of purified water, and heated and stirred at 50℃ for 30 min;

[0039] S3. The temperature of the reaction system of S2 is reduced to 35℃, 1 g of alginate lyase is mixed with 1 g of fucoidan lyase to obtain a complex enzyme, and the complex enzyme is added to the reaction system of S2 for enzymatic hydrolysis of the seaweed, and after 4 h of enzymatic hydrolysis, the system is concentrated to a total mass of 100 g by rotary evaporation, to obtain the enzymatic hydrolysate;

[0040] S4. 6 g of calcium bentonite and 4 g of laminarin are mixed, and then a slurry is prepared by adding water, and then high-speed shearing is performed at 3000 r / min for 15 min, and then the slurry is mixed with the 100 g of enzymatic hydrolysate obtained in S3, and then 0.3 g of zinc citrate is added and homogenized, to obtain the seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer, which comprises, by mass fraction, 100 parts of seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate, 10 parts of vinasse extract, 6 parts of calcium bentonite, 4 parts of laminarin, and 0.3 parts of zinc citrate.

[0043] The seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed powder prepared from a mixture of spirulina and bladderwrack, and the complex enzyme comprises alginate lyase and fucoidan lyase; the distiller's grains extract is composed of distiller's grains and water. The complex enzyme comprises alginate lyase and fucoidan lyase, and the alginate lyase and the fucoidan lyase are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the complex enzyme is 2.0% of the mass of the seaweed powder.

[0044] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, 10g of distiller's grains with water content ≤10% is crushed and then passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then 80g of 40℃ warm water is added at a mass ratio of 1:8, and after ultrasonic treatment for 10min, the supernatant is obtained after centrifugation, and the supernatant is concentrated to a total weight of 20g at 60℃ water bath heating, to obtain a distiller's grains extract;

[0046] S2, 60g of spirulina and 40g of bladderwrack are mixed, dried at 60℃, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and then air-jet pulverized to obtain seaweed powder, and then the distiller's grains extract prepared in step S1 and 1200g of pure water are added, and heated and stirred at 50℃ for 30min;

[0047] S3, the temperature of the reaction system of S2 is reduced to 45℃, 1g of alginate lyase and 1g of fucoidan lyase are mixed to prepare a complex enzyme, and the seaweed is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis, and after 6h of enzymatic hydrolysis, rotary evaporation is performed to concentrate the system to a total mass of 100g, to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate;

[0048] S4, 10g of calcium bentonite and 6g of kelp fucoidan are mixed, and then water is added to prepare a slurry, and then the slurry is subjected to high-speed shearing at 3000r / min for 15min, and then the 100g of enzymatic hydrolysate prepared in S3 is added, and then 0.7g of zinc citrate is added and homogenized, to obtain a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer product.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] A seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer, which comprises seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate 100 parts, calcium bentonite 8 parts, kelp fucoidan 5 parts, and zinc citrate 0.5 part by mass fraction.

[0051] The seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed powder prepared from a mixture of spirulina and bladderwrack, and the complex enzyme comprises alginate lyase and fucoidan lyase. The complex enzyme comprises alginate lyase and fucoidan lyase, and the alginate lyase and the fucoidan lyase are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the complex enzyme is 2.0% of the mass of the seaweed powder.

[0052] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1, 60 g of spirulina and 40 g of bubble leaf algae were mixed, dried at 50 DEG C, broken and passed through a 40 mesh sieve, then air-pulverized to obtain seaweed powder, 1215 g of pure water was added, heated and stirred at 50 DEG C for 30 min;

[0054] S2, the temperature of the reaction system of S1 was reduced to 40 DEG C, 1 g of seaweed acid-lyzing enzyme and 1 g of brown alginic acid-lyzing enzyme were mixed to prepare a composite enzyme, the seaweed was enzymolyzed by adding the reaction system of S2, and after 5 h of enzymolysis, the system was concentrated to 100 g by rotary evaporation to prepare an enzymolysis liquid;

[0055] S3, 8 g of calcium bentonite and 5 g of laminaria fucoidan were mixed, water was added to form a slurry, which was sheared at 3000 r / min for 15 min, then mixed with 100 g of the enzymolysis liquid prepared in S3, and 0.5 g of zinc citrate was added and homogenized to obtain a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer product.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] A seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer, which comprises, by mass fraction, 100 parts of seaweed enzymolysis liquid, 15 parts of vinasse extract, 8 parts of silica sand powder, 5 parts of laminaria fucoidan, and 0.5 parts of zinc citrate.

[0058] The seaweed enzymolysis liquid is obtained by enzymolysis of seaweed powder prepared from a mixture of spirulina and bubble leaf algae with a composite enzyme, and the composite enzyme comprises seaweed acid-lyzing enzyme and brown alginic acid-lyzing enzyme; the vinasse extract is composed of vinasse and water. The composite enzyme comprises seaweed acid-lyzing enzyme and brown alginic acid-lyzing enzyme, and the seaweed acid-lyzing enzyme and the brown alginic acid-lyzing enzyme are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the composite enzyme is 2.0% of the mass of the seaweed powder.

[0059] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1, 10 g of vinasse with a water content of ≤10% was pulverized and passed through a 60 mesh sieve, and then added to 80 g of 40 DEG C warm water at a mass ratio of 1:8, ultrasonicated at 200 W for 10 min, centrifuged, and then the supernatant was taken, concentrated to a total weight of 15 g in a water bath at 60 DEG C to obtain a vinasse extract;

[0061] S2, 60 g of spirulina and 40 g of bubble leaf algae were mixed, dried at 50 DEG C, broken and passed through a 40 mesh sieve, then air-pulverized to obtain seaweed powder, 1215 g of pure water was added, heated and stirred at 50 DEG C for 30 min;

[0062] S3, the temperature of the reaction system of S2 was reduced to 40 DEG C, 1 g of seaweed acid-lyzing enzyme and 1 g of brown alginic acid-lyzing enzyme were mixed to prepare a composite enzyme, the seaweed was enzymolyzed by adding the reaction system of S2, and after 5 h of enzymolysis, the system was concentrated to 100 g by rotary evaporation to prepare an enzymolysis liquid;

[0063] S4, 8 g of silica sand powder was mixed with 5 g of kelp fucoidan, and after water was added to make a slurry, it was sheared at 3000 r / min for 15 min, then 100 g of the enzyme solution prepared in S3 was added, 0.5 g of zinc citrate was added and homogenized, to obtain a liquid fertilizer containing seaweed product.

[0064] Performance Testing

[0065] Test Example 1

[0066] The liquid fertilizer containing seaweed product prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 was tested for reducing sugar content and fucoidan yield. The reducing sugar content was tested by DNS method, and the fucoidan yield was tested by TLC-phenol sulfuric acid method.

[0067] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1 Comparison of reducing sugar content and fucoidan yield of liquid fertilizer containing seaweed

[0069]

[0070] As shown in Table 1, the addition of distiller's extract in the liquid fertilizer containing seaweed can significantly increase the reducing sugar content and fucoidan yield of the fertilizer, and the greater the proportion of distiller's extract, the higher the reducing sugar content and fucoidan yield.

[0071] Test Example 2

[0072] The liquid fertilizer containing seaweed product prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 2 was tested for nutrient release period: 10 g of liquid fertilizer product was evenly absorbed on 50 g of quartz sand, and was packed into a leaching column with a diameter of 5 cm, 100 mL of deionized water was added daily to simulate daily rainfall, and the filtrate was collected for 7 days, and the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and zinc ion content (Zn 2+ ) in the filtrate were determined, which were defined as the nutrient release amount of the liquid fertilizer. Among them, the total nitrogen was determined by Kjeldahl method, the total phosphorus was determined by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry, and the zinc ion content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. On the 7th day, the cumulative nutrient release rate of the three nutrients was calculated: cumulative nutrient release rate = total release amount / total nutrient amount x 100%.

[0073] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0074] Table 2 Comparison of cumulative nutrient release rate of liquid fertilizer containing seaweed after 7 days

[0075]

[0076] As shown in Table 2, the addition of calcium bentonite in the seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer can significantly prolong the slow-release period of the seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer, and the greater the proportion of calcium bentonite, the longer the slow-release period of the seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer.

[0077] Test Example 3

[0078] The seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were applied to crops respectively for field tests, with a fertilization frequency of once every 7 days, a fertilization amount of 1.5 kg per mu, and the growth rate, stress resistance, and fertilizer efficiency of the crops were detected.

[0079] The crops were tomatoes (variety name "Ruby"), with a total planting area of 216 m 2 , divided into 3 repeated groups, each repeated group was divided into 6 subplots, each subplot had an area of 12 m 2 , and 30 plants were planted in each subplot with a plant spacing of 40 cm, and the subplots in each repeated group were randomly arranged; the growth rate was indicated by the average plant height of the crops in the fourth week after fertilization; the stress resistance was indicated by the wilting recovery time (watering after 3 days of drought, and the time when half of the leaves unfolded); and the fertilizer efficiency was indicated by the yellow leaf rate after the last fertilization (the proportion of yellow bottom leaves on the 10th day after the last fertilization).

[0080] The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0081] Table 3 Comparison of cumulative nutrient release rate of seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer after 7 days

[0082]

[0083] As shown in Table 3, the addition of distiller's extract and calcium bentonite in the seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer can significantly increase the plant height of the crops, shorten the wilting recovery time of the crops, and reduce the yellow leaf rate after the last fertilization, and from Table 3, Example 1 is the preferred embodiment.

[0084] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0085] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a liquid fertilizer containing seaweed, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After crushing the lees, sieve them, add a certain amount of warm water, and after sonication and centrifugation, take the supernatant and concentrate it to obtain the lees extract. S2. Mix Spirulina and Laminaria japonica, dry them, and then crush and air-jet pulverize them to obtain seaweed powder. Add the lees extract obtained in step S1 and water, and heat and stir. S3. Add a compound enzyme to the reaction system of S2 to enzymatically hydrolyze the seaweed, and concentrate the solution to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate; the compound enzyme contains alginate lyase and alginate lyase, the alginate lyase and alginate lyase are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the amount of the compound enzyme added is 2.0% of the mass of the seaweed powder; S4. Mix calcium-based bentonite with kelp fucoidan, add water to make a slurry, and then shear at high speed. Mix the slurry with the enzymatic hydrolysate prepared in S3, add zinc citrate, and homogenize to obtain a liquid fertilizer product containing seaweed.

2. The method for preparing a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the moisture content of the lees is ≤10%, and the lees are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve; the temperature of the warm water is 40-60℃, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the ultrasonic time is 10min; the mass ratio of the lees to the warm water is 1:

8.

3. The method for preparing a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the concentration method is water bath heating, and the concentration temperature is 60°C.

4. The method for preparing a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the drying temperature is 45-60℃, the crushing is passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the airflow pulverization is passed through a 160-mesh sieve.

5. The method for preparing a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the heating and stirring temperature is 50°C, and the stirring time is 30 minutes.

6. The method for preparing a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 35-45℃, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-6h; the concentration method is rotary evaporation.

7. The method for preparing a seaweed-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the high-speed shearing speed is 3000 r / min and the shearing time is 15 min.

Images