Casing centralizer with adaptive reducing function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of casing centralizers, and provides a casing centralizer with an adaptive reducing function, the casing centralizer comprises cylinders, a fixing ring, a fixing mechanism, a first cavity, a centralizing plate and a synchronous adjusting mechanism, the cylinders are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the fixing ring, the fixing mechanism is arranged on the fixing ring, the first cavity is arranged in the first cavity, and the centralizing plate is arranged in the first cavity. A plurality of first cavities are formed in the side wall of the cylinder body, positioning openings are formed in the side walls of the first cavities, centralizing plates are arranged on the portions, located on one sides of the first cavities, of the peripheral side of the cylinder body, and the synchronous adjusting mechanism is arranged between the cylinder body and the centralizing plates and used for synchronously adjusting the positions of the centralizing plates. By means of the technical scheme, the centralizer is used for solving the technical problem that in the prior art, an elastic component on the surface of a centralizer is prone to irregular deformation, and the centralizing effect is affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of casing centralizer, in particular to a casing centralizer with adaptive variable-diameter function. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of oil and gas exploitation, well cementing operation is a key link to ensure long-term stable production of oil and gas wells. The main purpose of well cementing is to form a solid and uniform cement sheath between the casing and the well wall to seal off the formation fluid, support the casing and enhance the stability of the well wall. As the core tool in well cementing operation, the casing centralizer plays a crucial role. It can ensure that the casing is in the central position in the wellbore, which is indispensable to improve the quality of well cementing and ensure the uniformity and integrity of the cement sheath. If the casing is eccentric in the well, it will lead to reduced cement slurry displacement efficiency, uneven cement sheath thickness, and even channeling phenomenon, which greatly affects the sealing performance and service life of the oil and gas well, and increases the risk and cost of exploitation.

[0003] Currently, the casing centralizers on the market are mainly divided into rigid centralizers and elastic centralizers. The rigid centralizer can provide strong support for the casing due to its solid structure, and can effectively maintain the centralization of the casing in the regular and stable wellbore. However, once the wellbore appears irregular changes, such as expansion or contraction of the well section, the rigid centralizer cannot adapt to the change of well diameter, which will greatly reduce the casing centralization effect, even hinder the smooth running of the casing in the contraction section, and cause serious accidents such as pipe sticking, which greatly affects the construction progress and safety.

[0004] The elastic centralizer relies on the deformation of its elastic elements to adapt to the change of well diameter within a certain range, and performs well in dealing with slight well diameter fluctuations. However, when the wellbore appears irregular changes, the elastic elements on one side of the centralizer are easily extruded by the well wall, leading to deformation, and then the centralizer is irregularly deformed, which affects the centralization effect. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the application provides a casing centralizer with adaptive variable-diameter function, which solves the technical problem that the elastic components on the surface of the centralizer are easily irregularly deformed and affect the centralization effect in the prior art.

[0006] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a casing straightener with an adaptive diameter-changing function, comprising a cylinder, a fixing ring, a fixing mechanism, a first cavity, a straightening plate and a synchronous adjustment mechanism. The cylinder is fixedly provided at both ends of the fixing ring. The fixing mechanism is provided on the fixing ring for fixing the fixing ring and the sleeve. A plurality of the first cavities are provided in the side wall of the cylinder. A positioning port is provided in the side wall of the first cavity. The straightening plate is provided on one side of the first cavity on the circumference of the cylinder. The synchronous adjustment mechanism is provided between the cylinder and the straightening plate for synchronously adjusting the position of the straightening plate.

[0007] Preferably, the synchronous adjustment mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a positioning plate and a supporting mechanism. Two rotating shafts are rotatably arranged in the first cavity. The positioning plates are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the rotating shafts. The end of the positioning plate away from the rotating shaft is hinged to the straightening plate. The supporting mechanism is arranged in the first cavity for supporting the positioning plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the support mechanism includes a support block, a support rod, a support spring and a linkage mechanism. The support block is slidably arranged in the first cavity, the support rod is hingedly arranged between the side wall of the support block and the adjacent positioning plate, the support spring is fixedly arranged between the support block and the side wall of the first cavity, and the linkage mechanism is arranged between the support block and the cylinder to drive multiple support blocks to move synchronously.

[0009] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a driving port, a first gear and a first rotating mechanism. The driving port is opened on the support block. A first rack is fixedly provided on one of the side walls of the driving port. The first gear is rotatably arranged in the first cavity. The first gear extends into the driving port and engages with the first rack. The first rotating mechanism is arranged in the cylinder for driving multiple first gears to rotate synchronously.

[0010] Furthermore, the first rotating mechanism includes a second cavity, a second bevel gear and a second rotating mechanism. The second cavity is opened in the cylinder on one side of the driving port, and the first bevel gear is rotatably provided on the side wall of the second cavity close to the first gear. A first connecting rod is fixed between the first bevel gear and the adjacent first gear. The second bevel gear is rotatably provided on the inner top wall of the second cavity, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear. The second rotating mechanism is provided in the cylinder for driving multiple second bevel gears to rotate synchronously.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, the second rotating mechanism includes a third cavity and a second gear ring. The cylinder body is provided with a ring-shaped third cavity. The second gear is rotatably arranged on one side of the second bevel gear in the third cavity. A second connecting rod is fixed between the second gear and the adjacent second bevel gear. The second gear ring is rotatably arranged in the third cavity and is engaged with the second gear.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, the fixing mechanism includes an annular groove, a fixing block and a fixing bolt. The annular groove is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring. A plurality of the fixing blocks are arranged in the annular groove. A plurality of the fixing bolts are arranged through the bottom of the annular groove by threaded fitting. The fixing bolts are rotatably connected to the fixing block.

[0013] On the basis of the above solution, an inclined plate is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the centralizing plate.

[0014] On the basis of the above solution, a positioning frame is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylinder located at one side of the positioning opening, and the inner wall of the positioning frame is aligned with the inner wall of the positioning opening.

[0015] Based on the above solution, a sealing gasket is fixedly provided on the side wall of the support block, and the sealing gasket is in contact with the side wall of the first cavity.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, by providing a fixing mechanism, after the cylinder and the fixing ring are mounted on the sleeve, the fixing bolt and the fixing block can be moved by rotating the fixing bolt, thereby facilitating the fixing of the fixing ring and the sleeve by squeezing the fixing block and the sleeve; 2. In the present invention, the support mechanism is configured to support the support block via the support spring, while the support rod on the support block supports the positioning plate. When the wellbore wall presses the surface of the centralizing plate, the centralizing plate is driven to move and the positioning plate is driven to adjust its angle. This facilitates the centralizing plate to be pressed against the wellbore wall under the action of the support spring, and simultaneously enables adaptive adjustment of the overall outer diameter of the centralizer. 3. In the present invention, through the setting of the linkage mechanism, when a single straightening plate is squeezed by the well wall, the adjacent support block can be driven to move, and at the same time, the engagement of the first rack on the support block with the first gear can drive the first gear and the first bevel gear to rotate, and then the engagement of the first bevel gear with the second bevel gear can drive the adjacent second bevel gear and the second gear to rotate, so that the engagement of the second gear with the second gear ring can drive multiple first gears to rotate synchronously, thereby driving multiple straightening plates to move synchronously, and thus realizing regular diameter change of the entire straightener, so as to avoid the cylinder from tilting and affecting the straightening effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other drawings based on the contents of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a casing centralizer with an adaptive diameter-changing function according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of a support mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of a linkage mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of the first rotating mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at point A in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of the second rotating mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the linkage mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, cylinder; 2, fixed ring; 3, first cavity; 4, positioning port; 5, righting plate; 6, rotating shaft; 7, positioning plate; 8, supporting block; 9, supporting rod; 10, supporting spring; 11, driving port; 12, first rack; 13, first gear; 14, second cavity; 15, first bevel gear; 16, first connecting rod; 17, second bevel gear; 18, third cavity; 19, second gear; 20, second connecting rod; 21, second gear ring; 22, annular groove; 23, fixed block; 24, fixed bolt; 25, inclined plate; 26, positioning frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and not limit the application.

[0020] In order to make the drawing simple, only the parts related to the application are shown in each drawing, which does not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawing simple and easy to understand, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown in some drawings, or only one of them is marked. In this paper, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0021] In this paper, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0023] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., and the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] like Figures 1-8 As shown, it shows a casing centralizer with adaptive variable diameter function in one embodiment of the present invention, including a cylinder 1, a fixing ring 2, a fixing mechanism, a first cavity 3, a centralizing plate 5 and a synchronous adjustment mechanism. The cylinder 1 is fixedly provided at both ends of the fixing ring 2. The fixing mechanism is provided on the fixing ring 2 for fixing the fixing ring 2 and the sleeve. A plurality of first cavities 3 are provided in the side wall of the cylinder 1. A positioning port 4 is provided on the side wall of the first cavity 3. A centralizing plate 5 is provided on one side of the first cavity 3 on the circumference of the cylinder 1. The synchronous adjustment mechanism is provided between the cylinder 1 and the centralizing plate 5 for synchronously adjusting the position of the centralizing plate 5. The bottom end of the centralizing plate 5 is fixedly provided with an inclined plate 25.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-4 The synchronous adjustment mechanism includes a rotating shaft 6, a positioning plate 7 and a supporting mechanism. Two rotating shafts 6 are rotatably arranged in the first cavity 3. The side wall of the rotating shaft 6 is fixedly provided with a positioning plate 7. The end of the positioning plate 7 away from the rotating shaft 6 is hinged to the straightening plate 5. The supporting mechanism is arranged in the first cavity 3 for supporting the positioning plate 7. The supporting mechanism includes a supporting block 8, a supporting rod 9, a supporting spring 10 and a linkage mechanism. The support block 8 is slidably arranged in the first cavity 3. The support rod 9 is hingedly arranged between the side wall of the support block 8 and the adjacent positioning plate 7. The support spring 10 is fixedly arranged between the support block 8 and the side wall of the first cavity 3. The linkage mechanism is arranged between the support block 8 and the cylinder 1 for driving multiple support blocks 8 moves synchronously, a positioning frame 26 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylinder 1 at one side of the positioning port 4, the inner wall of the positioning frame 26 is aligned with the inner wall of the positioning port 4, and a sealing gasket is fixedly provided on the side wall of the support block 8, and the sealing gasket is in contact with the side wall of the first cavity 3. Specifically, the support block 8 can be supported by the support spring 10, and the positioning plate 7 can be supported by the support rod 9 on the support block 8. When the well wall squeezes the surface of the straightening plate 5, the straightening plate 5 can be driven to move and the positioning plate 7 can be driven to adjust the angle, so that it is convenient to drive the straightening plate 5 to be pressed on the surface of the well wall under the action of the support spring 10, and at the same time, the adaptive adjustment of the overall outer diameter of the straightener can be achieved.

[0027] ReferenceFigures 4-8 The linkage mechanism includes a driving port 11, a first gear 13 and a first rotating mechanism. The driving port 11 is opened on the support block 8. A first rack 12 is fixedly provided on one side wall of the driving port 11. The first gear 13 is rotatably provided in the first cavity 3. The first gear 13 extends into the driving port 11 and meshes with the first rack 12. The first rotating mechanism is provided in the cylinder 1 for driving the plurality of first gears 13 to rotate synchronously. The first rotating mechanism includes a second cavity 14, a second bevel gear 17 and a second rotating mechanism. The cylinder 1 A second cavity 14 is provided on one side of the drive port 11. A first bevel gear 15 is rotatably provided on the side wall of the second cavity 14 close to the first gear 13. A first connecting rod 16 is fixedly provided between the first bevel gear 15 and the adjacent first gear 13. A second bevel gear 17 is rotatably provided on the inner top wall of the second cavity 14. The second bevel gear 17 is meshed with the first bevel gear 15. A second rotating mechanism is provided in the cylinder 1 for driving the plurality of second bevel gears 17 to rotate synchronously. The second rotating mechanism includes a third cavity 18. And a second gear ring 21, an annular third cavity 18 is opened in the cylinder 1, and a second gear 19 is rotatably provided on one side of the second bevel gear 17 in the third cavity 18. A second connecting rod 20 is fixedly provided between the second gear 19 and the adjacent second bevel gear 17. The second gear ring 21 is rotatably provided in the third cavity 18, and the second gear ring 21 is meshed with the second gear 19. Specifically, when a single straightening plate 5 is squeezed by the well wall, the adjacent support block 8 can be driven to move, and at the same time, the first rack 12 on the support block 8 is used. The meshing with the first gear 13 can drive the first gear 13 and the first bevel gear 15 to rotate, and then the meshing of the first bevel gear 15 and the second bevel gear 17 can drive the adjacent second bevel gear 17 and the second gear 19 to rotate, so that the meshing of the second gear 19 and the second gear ring 21 can drive multiple first gears 13 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving multiple straightening plates 5 to move synchronously, thereby realizing regular diameter change of the entire straightener, so as to avoid the cylinder 1 from tilting and affecting the straightening effect.

[0028] On the basis of the above scheme, the fixing mechanism includes an annular groove 22, a fixing block 23 and a fixing bolt 24. The annular groove 22 is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring 2, and multiple fixing blocks 23 are arranged in the annular groove 22. The bottom of the annular groove 22 is penetrated by a plurality of fixing bolts 24 through threaded fitting. The fixing bolts 24 are rotatably connected to the fixing block 23. Specifically, after the cylinder 1 and the fixing ring 2 are mounted on the sleeve, the rotation of the fixing bolt 24 can drive the fixing bolt 24 and the fixing block 23 to move, thereby facilitating the fixation between the fixing ring 2 and the sleeve by squeezing the fixing block 23 and the sleeve.

[0029] In the embodiment, when in use, after the barrel 1 and the fixing ring 2 are sleeved on the sleeve, the operator can drive the fixing bolt 24 and the fixing block 23 to move through the rotation of the fixing bolt 24, so as to facilitate the fixation between the fixing ring 2 and the sleeve through the extrusion of the fixing block 23 and the sleeve. Then, in the process of extruding the surface of the centralizing plate 5 by the well wall, the extrusion of the surface of the centralizing plate 5 by the well wall can drive the centralizing plate 5 to move and drive the positioning plate 7 to adjust the angle. When the positioning plate 7 adjusts the angle, the support block 8 can be driven to move in the first cavity 3 through the support rod 9 and be supported by the support spring 10, so as to facilitate the centralizing plate 5 to be pressed on the surface of the well wall under the action of the support spring 10, and the self-adaptive adjustment of the overall outer diameter of the centralizer can be realized. When the well wall extrudes the single centralizing plate 5, the similar support block 8 can be driven to move, and the first gear 13 and the first bevel gear 15 can be driven to rotate through the meshing of the first rack 12 on the support block 8 and the first gear 13. Then, the similar second bevel gear 17 and the second gear 19 can be driven to rotate through the meshing of the first bevel gear 15 and the second bevel gear 17, so that the multiple first gears 13 can be driven to rotate synchronously through the meshing of the second gear 19 and the second tooth ring 21, the multiple centralizing plates 5 can be driven to move synchronously, and the overall centralizer can be regularly changed in diameter, so as to avoid the barrel 1 from being skewed and affecting the centralizing effect.

[0030] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A casing centralizer with an adaptive diameter-changing function, comprising a cylinder (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A fixing ring (2), wherein the cylinder (1) is fixedly provided at both ends of the fixing ring (2); A fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism being arranged on the fixing ring (2) and being used for fixing the fixing ring (2) and the sleeve; A first cavity (3), wherein a plurality of the first cavities (3) are provided in the side wall of the cylinder (1), and a positioning opening (4) is provided in the side wall of the first cavity (3); A centralizing plate (5), the centralizing plate (5) being provided on a side of the cylindrical body (1) located on the first cavity (3); A synchronous adjustment mechanism is provided between the cylinder (1) and the centralizing plate (5) and is used for synchronously adjusting the position of the centralizing plate (5).

2. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous adjustment mechanism includes: Rotating shafts (6), two rotating shafts (6) are rotatably disposed in the first cavity (3); A positioning plate (7), the side wall of the rotating shaft (6) is fixedly provided with the positioning plate (7), and one end of the positioning plate (7) away from the rotating shaft (6) is hinged to the centralizing plate (5); A support mechanism is provided in the first cavity (3) and is used to support the positioning plate (7).

3. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting mechanism comprises: a support block (8), the support block (8) being slidably disposed in the first cavity (3); A support rod (9), the support rod (9) being hingedly arranged between the side wall of the support block (8) and the adjacent positioning plate (7); a support spring (10), the support spring (10) being fixedly arranged between the support block (8) and the side wall of the first cavity (3); A linkage mechanism is provided between the support block (8) and the cylinder (1) and is used to drive the plurality of support blocks (8) to move synchronously.

4. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism comprises: A drive opening (11), the drive opening (11) being opened on the support block (8), and a first rack (12) being fixedly provided on one side wall of the drive opening (11); a first gear (13), the first gear (13) being rotatably disposed in the first cavity (3), the first gear (13) extending into the driving opening (11) and meshing with the first rack (12); A first rotating mechanism, the first rotating mechanism is arranged in the cylinder (1) and is used to drive the plurality of first gears (13) to rotate synchronously.

5. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first rotating mechanism comprises: A second cavity (14), the second cavity (14) is provided on one side of the drive port (11) in the cylinder (1), a first bevel gear (15) is rotatably provided on a side wall of the second cavity (14) close to the first gear (13), and a first connecting rod (16) is fixedly provided between the first bevel gear (15) and the adjacent first gear (13); a second bevel gear (17), the second bevel gear (17) being rotatably disposed on the inner top wall of the second cavity (14), the second bevel gear (17) being meshed with the first bevel gear (15); A second rotating mechanism, the second rotating mechanism is arranged in the cylinder (1) and is used to drive the plurality of second bevel gears (17) to rotate synchronously.

6. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second rotating mechanism includes: A third cavity (18), wherein the cylinder (1) is provided with an annular third cavity (18), a second gear (19) is rotatably provided in the third cavity (18) on one side of the second bevel gear (17), and a second connecting rod (20) is fixedly provided between the second gear (19) and the adjacent second bevel gear (17); A second gear ring (21), the second gear ring (21) is rotatably disposed in the third cavity (18), and the second gear ring (21) is meshed with the second gear (19).

7. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises: an annular groove (22), the annular groove (22) being formed on the inner wall of the fixing ring (2); A fixing block (23), wherein a plurality of the fixing blocks (23) are arranged in the annular groove (22); A plurality of fixing bolts (24) are provided through the bottom of the annular groove (22) through threaded engagement, and the fixing bolts (24) are rotatably connected to the fixing block (23).

8. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inclined plate (25) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the centralizing plate (5).

9. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 8, characterized in that: A positioning frame (26) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylinder (1) at one side of the positioning opening (4), and the inner wall of the positioning frame (26) is aligned with the inner wall of the positioning opening (4).

10. The casing centralizer with adaptive diameter-changing function according to claim 9, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is fixedly provided on the side wall of the support block (8), and the sealing gasket is in contact with the side wall of the first cavity (3).

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