Method for calculating convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on side wall of blast furnace hearth

Abstract

The invention discloses a blast furnace hearth side wall molten iron convective heat transfer coefficient calculation method, and belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking. The method comprises the steps that parameters indirectly influencing the molten iron convective heat transfer coefficient are obtained; based on the parameters indirectly influencing the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron, calculating parameters directly influencing the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron; and calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the hearth based on the parameters directly influencing the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron. According to the technical scheme, the influence of the actual production condition of the blast furnace, the form and state of the dead stock column and the like is fully considered, the method can be directly applied to actual production of blast furnaces with different volumes, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth is calculated, evaluated and predicted in real time; according to the method, the vacancy of the method for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the hearth at present is filled, practicability and universality are high, and an important reference basis can be provided for blast furnace hearth side wall heat transfer calculation and blast furnace safety production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, in particular to a method for calculating the convection heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on a side wall of a blast furnace hearth. Background Art

[0002] Currently, blast furnace ironmaking remains the primary process for the rapid and efficient reduction of iron ore. Its efficiency and importance cannot be fully replaced by other processes. Ensuring the safety and longevity of blast furnaces is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of the steel industry. Among these factors, erosion of the hearth lining is a limiting factor in blast furnace longevity. When refractory materials come into direct contact with hot molten iron, their surfaces are susceptible to corrosion and penetration, damaging their structure and performance. Typically, a titanium-rich, graphite-rich, slag-rich, or iron-rich protective layer forms on the hot surface of the hearth refractory, insulating it from direct contact with the molten iron and preventing further corrosion and penetration. These protective layers typically form at temperatures between 1150 and 1450°C, with lower temperatures increasing the difficulty of formation. Therefore, lowering the temperature of the hot surface of the hearth refractory is a key approach to forming these protective layers. At the same time, when there is a furnace protective layer on the hot surface of the refractory material, lowering the hot surface temperature of the protective layer can not only stabilize the existence of the protective layer, but also reduce the working temperature of the refractory material on the cold side of the protective layer, thereby extending the safe service time of the refractory material.

[0003] Convective heat transfer between the hot molten iron in the furnace hearth and the refractory material or protective layer largely determines the temperature of the hot surface of the refractory material or protective layer. Convective heat transfer is the heat transfer process when a fluid flows over a surface, and the convection heat transfer coefficient indicates the heat transfer capacity between the fluid and the solid surface. Generally speaking, the greater the fluid velocity near the surface, the greater the surface convection heat transfer coefficient. In other words, the greater the flow rate of the molten iron on the hot surface of the refractory material or protective layer in the furnace hearth, the greater the convection heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron, the higher the temperature of the hot surface of the refractory material or protective layer, and this is detrimental to the safe operation of the furnace hearth.

[0004] Currently, research on convective heat transfer behavior focuses on the calculation of the convective heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the water pipes of the blast furnace cooling wall. The convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron required for hearth simulation or theoretical calculation is usually obtained based on empirical data, which cannot accurately reflect and evaluate the heat transfer behavior between the molten iron and the hearth refractory or protective layer in specific areas of the hearth.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to explore a method for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth that is applicable to blast furnace production conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of a blast furnace hearth, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of a blast furnace hearth is usually obtained based on empirical data and cannot accurately reflect and evaluate the heat exchange behavior between the molten iron in a specific area of ​​the hearth and the hearth refractory material or protective layer.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of a blast furnace hearth, comprising: Obtain the parameters that indirectly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron; Based on the parameters that indirectly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron, calculate the parameters that directly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron; Based on the parameters that directly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient, the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall is calculated.

[0008] Furthermore, the parameters that indirectly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient include the taphole depth, taphole angle, dead material column inclination, hearth side wall thickness at the taphole centerline, height from the calculation position to the taphole centerline, blast furnace utilization coefficient, blast furnace volume, hearth diameter, dead material column diameter, dead material column porosity, molten iron temperature and molten iron carbon content.

[0009] Furthermore, the parameters that directly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron include the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column, the thermal conductivity of molten iron, the flow rate of molten iron, the density of molten iron, the dynamic viscosity of molten iron and the heat capacity of molten iron.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculation of the parameters directly affecting the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron based on the parameters indirectly affecting the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron includes: Calculate the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the hearth side wall to the dead material column based on the taphole depth, taphole angle, dead material column inclination, the thickness of the hearth side wall at the taphole centerline, and the height from the calculated position to the taphole centerline; Calculate the molten iron flow rate based on the blast furnace utilization coefficient, blast furnace volume, hearth diameter, dead material column diameter, and dead material column void ratio; Based on the molten iron temperature and molten iron carbon content, the thermal conductivity, density and dynamic viscosity of the molten iron are calculated.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column d The calculation formula is:

[0012] in, L is the taphole depth; θ is the taphole angle; α is the dead material column inclination angle; L0 The thickness of the hearth side wall at the taphole centerline; h It is the height from the calculation position to the center line of the taphole.

[0013] Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of molten iron k The calculation formula is:

[0014] Where, T is the molten iron temperature; e is the natural number base.

[0015] Furthermore, the molten iron flow rate v The calculation formula is:

[0016] in, η is the blast furnace utilization coefficient; V is the blast furnace volume; ρ is the density of molten iron; d 1 is the diameter of the furnace; d 2 is the diameter of the dead material column; ε is the void ratio of the dead material column; t is the unit time, that is t= 1s.

[0017] Furthermore, the density of molten iron ρ The calculation formula is: ρ =8750-69.6[C]-1.15T Where [C] is the carbon content in the molten iron; T is the molten iron temperature.

[0018] Furthermore, the dynamic viscosity of molten iron μ The calculation formula is:

[0019] in, e is the natural number base; R is the gas constant; T is the molten iron temperature.

[0020] Furthermore, the convection heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the furnace is h The calculation formula is:

[0021] in, v is the molten iron flow rate; d It is the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column; ρ is the density of molten iron; μ is the dynamic viscosity of molten iron; C p is the heat capacity of molten iron;k is the thermal conductivity of molten iron.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, and the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0023] In yet another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores at least one instruction, and the instruction is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0024] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention include at least: 1. Based on the anatomical research of more than dozens of blast furnaces, the present invention establishes a physical model of the hearth dead material column and molten iron flow. Combined with the numerical equation that the molten iron flow on the hearth side wall conforms to, the theoretical derivation of the calculation formula of the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient on the hearth side wall fills the current vacancy in the calculation method of the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient on the hearth side wall, and provides an important reference basis for the heat transfer calculation of the blast furnace hearth side wall and the safe production of blast furnaces.

[0025] 2. The calculation parameters for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth of the present invention include the blast furnace design parameters and operating parameters, which can be directly used in the actual production of the blast furnace. The production parameters in the blast furnace operation are input in real time to perform real-time calculation, evaluation and prediction of the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth. The calculation method is also applicable to the production of blast furnaces of different specifications, and has high practicality and universality.

[0026] 3. The present invention fully considers the actual production conditions of the blast furnace, the shape and state of the dead material column, etc., and based on the actual blast furnace smelting, quantitatively analyzes the influence of various production parameters of the blast furnace on the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the furnace hearth. It can accurately characterize and evaluate the convective heat transfer behavior between the molten iron on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth and the refractory material or protective layer, which plays a role in guiding the actual production of the blast furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the execution flow of the method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the derivation process of the calculation formula for the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a physical model of a hearth dead material column and molten iron flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a graph showing the effect of various parameters provided in an embodiment of the present invention on the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the furnace; Figure 5 This is a system block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] First, it should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as an "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplarily" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "and / or" can be both or either of the two.

[0031] First embodiment

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for calculating the convection heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of a blast furnace. This method fully considers the actual production conditions of the blast furnace, the shape and state of the dead material column, and uses key production parameters in the operation of the blast furnace to easily, quickly and accurately calculate the convection heat transfer coefficient between the molten iron on the side wall of the furnace and the refractory. This method can be implemented by electronic equipment. The execution process of this method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1, obtain the parameters that indirectly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient; Among them, the parameters that indirectly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient include: the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column d Parameters: Taphole depth L , taphole angle θ , dead material column inclination α , the thickness of the furnace side wall at the center line of the taphole L 0 , Calculate the height from the position to the center line of the taphole h; affects the flow rate of molten iron v Parameters: Utilization coefficient η , blast furnace volume V, furnace diameter d 1. Dead material column diameter d 2. Void ratio of dead material column ε ; Affects thermal conductivity k , molten iron density ρ , dynamic viscosity of molten iron μ Parameters: molten iron temperature T, molten iron carbon content [C].

[0033] S2, based on the parameters that indirectly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron, calculate the parameters that directly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron; Among them, the parameters that directly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient include: the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column d , thermal conductivity of molten iron k , molten iron flow rate v , molten iron density ρ , dynamic viscosity of molten iron μ , molten iron heat capacity C p .

[0034] S3, based on the parameters that directly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient, calculate the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall.

[0035] Among them, the derivation process of the calculation formula of the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall is as follows: Figure 2 Shown, including: Step 1: Based on the anatomical research of more than ten blast furnaces, the physical model of the hearth dead material column and molten iron flow was clarified and established, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0036] In the aforementioned physical model of the hearth deadstock column and molten iron flow, the floating deadstock column exhibits an "upper right circular cone + lower inverted truncated cone" shape. During hearth operation, the primary tapping methods are circulation through the channel between the deadstock column and the hearth sidewalls, where the molten iron flows out of the taphole, and advection from the coke-free zone at the furnace bottom. The assumed boundary conditions are: ① molten iron produced in the blast furnace flows entirely from the hearth sidewalls; ② the molten iron flow pattern is symmetrical central circulation; and ③ the molten iron flow rate is consistent in the coke-free zones at different heights.

[0037] Step 2: Determine whether the convection heat transfer coefficient between the molten iron and the refractory material on the side of the furnace hearth conforms to the quasi-numerical equation: Nu = 0.68·Re 1 / 2 ·Pr 1 / 3 ; In the formula, Nu is the Nusselt number, dimensionless; Re is the Reynolds number, dimensionless; Pr is the Prandtl number, dimensionless. Among them, Nusselt number: Nu= h · d / k , Reynolds number: Re= v · d · ρ / μ , Prandtl number: Pr= C P · μ / k Where,h is the convective heat transfer coefficient, W / (m 2 K); d is the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column, m; k is the thermal conductivity of molten iron, W / (m·K); v is the molten iron flow rate, m / s; ρ is the density of molten iron, kg / m 3 ; μ is the dynamic viscosity of molten iron, Pa·s; C p is the heat capacity of molten iron, J / (kg·K).

[0038] Take an effective volume of 2580m 3 Taking the blast furnace as an example, the relevant parameters of the blast furnace are shown in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1 A 2580m 3 Actual production parameters of blast furnace

[0040] Step 3: Based on the constructed physical model of the furnace dead material column and molten iron flow, combined with mathematical geometry, the calculation formula of the parameters that directly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient is obtained. The distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column d The calculation formula is:

[0041] Where, L is the taphole depth, m; θ is the taphole angle, rad; α is the dead material column inclination, rad; L 0 is the thickness of the furnace side wall at the taphole centerline, m; h The height from the calculation position to the center line of the taphole, m.

[0042] The thermal conductivity of the molten iron in the furnace is related to the temperature. The calculation formula of the thermal conductivity of the molten iron is:

[0043] Where T is the molten iron temperature, °C.

[0044] Affected by the void ratio of the dead material column, only part of the molten iron can flow out from the dead material column in the furnace. The molten iron flow rate is the volume of molten iron per unit time and unit cross-sectional area, and the calculation formula is:

[0045] Where, ηis the blast furnace utilization coefficient, t / (d·m 3 ); V is the volume of the blast furnace, m 3 ; d 1. d 2 are the diameters of the furnace hearth and dead material column, m; ε is the void ratio of the dead material column, dimensionless; t is the unit time, that is t= 1s.

[0046] The density of molten iron in the furnace changes with the temperature. The calculation formula of molten iron density is: ρ =8750-69.6[C]-1.15T Where [C] represents the carbon content in molten iron, wt%.

[0047] The dynamic viscosity of molten iron in the furnace depends on the temperature. The calculation formula of the dynamic viscosity of molten iron is:

[0048] Where, R is the gas constant, 8.314 J / (mol·K).

[0049] Substitute the relevant parameters into the above calculation formula to calculate the relevant parameters. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Table 2 Results of calculation parameters required for convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the furnace

[0051] Step 4: Through steps 2 and 3, the calculation formula for the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall is derived as follows:

[0052] By substituting all the above parameters into the above formula, it can be calculated that the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall 1.8m below the taphole centerline is 66.79 W / (m 2 ·K).

[0053] Furthermore, in order to study the influence of various parameters on the convection heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the furnace, this embodiment sets different molten iron dynamic viscosity, blast furnace utilization coefficient, dead material column void ratio, taphole depth, taphole angle, dead material column inclination, and the height from the calculation position to the taphole centerline to quantitatively analyze the influence of the above parameters on the convection heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron on the side wall of the furnace. The calculation results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0054] Table 3 Effect of different parameters on the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the furnace

[0055] From Table 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that in this embodiment, 2580m 3 The molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall is about 62-72 W / (m 2 ·K). Increased blast furnace utilization coefficient, poor taphole depth maintenance, greater distance from taphole centerline, and smaller dead stock column void ratio will all lead to an increase in molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient.

[0056] The relationship between each parameter and the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall is regressed using software, as follows:

[0057] The coefficient in front of the parameter indicates the effect of the parameter change on the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient, among which the coefficient η and the height from the calculation position to the center line of the taphole are used. h is a positive influence, while molten iron viscosity μ, taphole depth L, dead material column inclination α, taphole angle θ, and dead material column porosity ε are negative influences.

[0058] After calculating the characteristic values ​​of the change in the molten iron convective heat transfer coefficient when each parameter changes by 5%, the following Table 4 is shown to quantitatively analyze the influence potential between the various parameters.

[0059] Table 4 Characteristic parameter values ​​of each parameter

[0060] As shown in Table 4, the taphole depth L has the greatest influence on the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient, and the dead material column inclination angle α, the height from the calculation position to the taphole centerline h and utilization coefficient η have similar influences, followed by dead material column porosity ε, taphole angle θ and molten iron viscosity μ. The final overall impact potential comparison result is: taphole depth > dead material column inclination > distance from taphole > utilization coefficient > dead material column porosity > taphole angle > molten iron viscosity.

[0061] Based on the above, it can be concluded that: in the actual production of the blast furnace, if the temperature of the side wall of the furnace hearth is high, or the temperature of the hot surface of the refractory material or protective layer of the side wall of the furnace hearth needs to be lowered, it can be achieved by deepening the depth of the iron mouth, increasing the inclination angle of the dead material column, reducing the utilization coefficient, increasing the porosity of the dead material column, increasing the iron mouth angle, and increasing the viscosity of the molten iron.

[0062] In summary, the present embodiment provides a method for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of a blast furnace hearth. In actual production, the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the hearth side wall to the dead material column, the molten iron flow rate, the molten iron thermal conductivity, the molten iron density, the molten iron dynamic viscosity, and the molten iron heat capacity parameters are calculated using data such as blast furnace design parameters and production parameter experience parameters. The convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the hearth can be obtained by bringing them into the formula. This method fully considers the actual production conditions of the blast furnace, the morphology and state of the dead material column, and can be directly used in the actual production of blast furnaces of different volumes. The convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth is calculated, evaluated, and predicted in real time. This method fills the current gap in the calculation method for the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the hearth, has high practicality and universality, and can provide an important reference basis for heat transfer calculation of the side wall of the blast furnace hearth and safe production of the blast furnace.

[0063] Second embodiment

[0064] This embodiment provides an electronic device, such as Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device includes: a processor and a memory; wherein the processor and the memory can be connected via a communication bus; the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method of the first embodiment described above. In addition, the electronic device may also include a transceiver; the processor and the transceiver can be connected via a communication bus, and the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices.

[0065] Next, combine Figure 5 A detailed introduction to the various components of the electronic device is given below: The processor is the control center of the electronic device, which may include multiple processors, each of which may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor here can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor is one or more central processing units (CPUs), other general-purpose processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, such as one or more microprocessors (digital signal processors, DSPs), one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor can perform various functions of the electronic device by running or executing software programs stored in memory and accessing data stored in memory.

[0066] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor may include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 5 The CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG are, of course, only exemplary.

[0067] The memory is used to store the software program for executing the solution of the present invention, and the execution is controlled by the processor. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0068] Optionally, the memory may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory may be integrated with the processor or exist independently and accessed through the interface circuit ( Figure 5 (not shown) is coupled to the processor, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] The transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter ( Figure 5 The receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the sending function. The transceiver can be integrated with the processor or exist independently and communicate with the electronic device through the interface circuit ( Figure 5 (not shown) is coupled to the processor, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] In addition, it should be noted that Figure 5 The structure of the electronic device shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the device. The actual device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or arrange the components differently. In addition, the technical effects achieved by the electronic device when executing the method of the first embodiment can refer to the technical effects described in the first embodiment above, and therefore will not be repeated here.

[0071] Third embodiment

[0072] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method of the first embodiment described above. The computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, or optical data storage device. The instructions stored therein can be loaded by a processor in a terminal to execute the method described above.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be noted that the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of fully or partially hardware embodiments, fully or partially software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware. Furthermore, when implemented using software, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program code. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention are fully or partially performed. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired communication (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium may be any computer-accessible medium or a data storage device, such as a server or data center, containing a collection of one or more computer-readable media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium may be a solid-state drive.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device generate instructions for implementing the process in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0075] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1the functions specified in the individual block or blocks. Such computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing devices, so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable devices to generate a computer-implemented process, thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable devices provide processes for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block(s) or block(s). Figure 1 the functions specified in the individual block or blocks. Such computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing devices, so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable devices to generate a computer-implemented process, thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable devices provide processes for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block(s) or block(s). Figure 1 the functions specified in the individual block or blocks. Such computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing devices, so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable devices to generate a computer-implemented process, thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable devices provide processes for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block(s) or block(s).

[0076] It should also be noted that, in the present document, the terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a…", does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the element. In addition, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B together, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in the present document generally represents an "or" relationship between the preceding and following associated objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship, which can be understood in the context before and after. "At least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0077] In addition, it can be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0079] In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of functional modules / units is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used, such as multiple units or components being combined or integrated into another device, or some features being ignored or not implemented. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed between each other may be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms. Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment according to actual needs. In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit.

[0080] If the method is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or the portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once understanding the basic inventive concepts of the present invention, may make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. Such improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as covering the preferred embodiments and all variations and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of a blast furnace hearth, characterized in that: include: Obtain the parameters that indirectly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron; Based on the parameters that indirectly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron, calculate the parameters that directly affect the convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron; Based on the parameters that directly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient, the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the furnace side wall is calculated.

2. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters that indirectly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient include: iron mouth depth, iron mouth angle, dead material column inclination angle, hearth side wall thickness of the iron mouth center line, height from the calculation position to the iron mouth center line, blast furnace utilization coefficient, blast furnace volume, hearth diameter, dead material column diameter, dead material column porosity, molten iron temperature and molten iron carbon content.

3. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parameters that directly affect the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient include: the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column, the molten iron thermal conductivity, the molten iron flow rate, the molten iron density, the molten iron dynamic viscosity and the molten iron heat capacity.

4. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation of the parameters directly affecting the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron based on the parameters indirectly affecting the convective heat transfer coefficient of the molten iron includes: Calculate the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the hearth side wall to the dead material column based on the taphole depth, taphole angle, dead material column inclination, the thickness of the hearth side wall at the taphole centerline, and the height from the calculated position to the taphole centerline; Calculate the molten iron flow rate based on the blast furnace utilization coefficient, blast furnace volume, hearth diameter, dead material column diameter, and dead material column void ratio; Based on the molten iron temperature and molten iron carbon content, the thermal conductivity, density and dynamic viscosity of the molten iron are calculated.

5. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column d The calculation formula is: in, L is the taphole depth; θ is the taphole angle; α is the dead material column inclination angle; L 0 The thickness of the hearth side wall at the taphole centerline; h It is the height from the calculation position to the center line of the taphole.

6. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Thermal conductivity of molten iron k The calculation formula is: Wherein, T is the molten iron temperature; e is the natural number base.

7. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Molten iron flow rate v The calculation formula is: in, η is the blast furnace utilization coefficient; V is the blast furnace volume; ρ is the density of molten iron; d 1 is the diameter of the furnace; d 2 is the diameter of the dead material column; ε is the void ratio of the dead material column; t is the unit time, that is t= 1s.

8. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Molten iron density ρ The calculation formula is: ρ =8750-69.6[C]-1.15T Where [C] is the carbon content in the molten iron; T is the molten iron temperature.

9. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Dynamic viscosity of molten iron μ The calculation formula is: in, e is the natural number base; R is the gas constant; T is the molten iron temperature.

10. The method for calculating the molten iron convection heat transfer coefficient of the blast furnace hearth side wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: Convective heat transfer coefficient of molten iron on the side wall of the furnace h The calculation formula is: in, v is the molten iron flow rate; d It is the distance from the hot surface of the refractory material on the side wall of the furnace to the dead material column; ρ is the density of molten iron; μ is the dynamic viscosity of molten iron; C p is the heat capacity of molten iron; k is the thermal conductivity of molten iron.

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