Self-cleaning pneumatic clamp

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cleaning pneumatic clamp, which relates to the technical field of machine tool clamps, and comprises a clamp base, a clamping module, a self-cleaning mechanism and a clamp switch, the clamping module comprises a middle clamp assembly and a side clamp assembly, and multi-directional clamping of a workpiece is achieved. A self-cleaning pipeline of the self-cleaning mechanism is connected into an air cylinder loop through a three-way connector and detachably assembled in an inserting hole of a side clamp assembly, and when a clamp loosens a workpiece, ventilation is conducted synchronously, and chippings on a placing position are blown off. A detachable cushion block is arranged at the bottom of the first air cylinder to adapt to workpieces of different specifications. An independent air source is not needed, cost is low, starting is fast, and manual cleaning time is saved; the height of the cushion block can be flexibly adjusted, the adaptability is high, meanwhile, the clamping precision is guaranteed through multi-direction clamping and the reinforcing block, and the clamp is suitable for efficient machining of workpieces of multiple specifications.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tool fixtures, in particular to a self-cleaning pneumatic fixture. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of machine tool processing, fixtures are the core components that ensure the accuracy of workpiece processing and improve processing efficiency. Existing pneumatic fixtures generally only have workpiece clamping function. After processing is completed, metal scraps, wire scraps and other debris are easily left in the workpiece placement position, which needs to be manually cleaned by workers or cleaned by hand-held air guns. Not only does this occupy additional working hours and reduce production efficiency, but it can also cause subsequent workpiece clamping accuracy deviation due to untimely cleaning.

[0003] At the same time, the height adjustment capability of existing fixtures is weak. For irregular workpieces of different thicknesses and shapes, the adaptability is poor. When replacing the overall fixture, due to the large size and heavy weight of the fixture, the operation is complex and is prone to cause clamping errors, which is difficult to meet the batch processing needs of workpieces of different specifications.

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, there is an urgent need for a pneumatic fixture that integrates self-cleaning function, is low in cost, fast to start and strong in adaptability, to solve the problems of time-consuming manual cleaning, high equipment cost and poor adaptability. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a self-cleaning pneumatic fixture, which overcomes the problems of existing fixtures that have no self-cleaning function and need manual cleaning of debris, or rely on independent air sources, resulting in high cost and slow start, and the defects of existing fixtures that have poor adaptability and cannot adapt to the clamping height requirements of irregular workpieces of different specifications.

[0006] A self-cleaning pneumatic fixture, comprising: a fixture base, a clamping module, a self-cleaning mechanism, and a fixture switch:

[0007] The fixture base is assembled on a machine tool and is used to connect and install other components of the fixture;

[0008] The clamping module is arranged on the upper surface of the fixture base and is used to clamp a workpiece; the clamping module comprises: a middle fixture assembly, which is assembled at the middle position of the upper surface of the fixture base and is arranged in several groups along the length direction of the fixture base, and is used to support and clamp the workpiece from both upper and lower surfaces; and a side fixture assembly, which is assembled on the front and rear sides of the middle fixture assembly and is used to clamp the side surface of the workpiece;

[0009] The self-cleaning mechanism is used to clean the clamping position of the workpiece on the middle fixture assembly, and comprises a self-cleaning pipeline and a self-cleaning mounting structure; the self-cleaning pipeline is detachably assembled on the side fixture assembly through the self-cleaning mounting structure; and the self-cleaning pipeline is connected to the air cylinder pipeline of the middle fixture assembly and the side fixture assembly to obtain a pneumatic air source;

[0010] The clamp switch is assembled on the clamp base and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the clamping module and the self-cleaning mechanism; the clamp switch comprises a valve seat installed on the clamp base and a valve rod installed on the valve seat; when the valve rod rotates horizontally clockwise, the clamping module clamps the workpiece and the self-cleaning pipeline is closed; when the valve rod rotates horizontally counterclockwise, the clamping module and the self-cleaning pipeline are opened.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the middle clamp assembly comprises a first air cylinder installed on the clamp base and a support block arranged on the front and rear sides of the first air cylinder; the upper surface of the support block is provided with a placement position for placing the workpiece; the extending end of the first air cylinder extends upward and is fixedly connected with a pressing rod arranged horizontally, and the lower end surface of the pressing rod is fixedly installed with a pressing block corresponding to the placement position, which is used for pressing the workpiece in the placement position downward; the first air cylinder can drive the pressing rod to ascend and rotate, so as to clamp the workpiece.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the clamping module on the clamp base is arranged in two groups left and right, each group of clamping module is provided with two symmetrical workstations transversely, the middle clamp assembly of the clamping module is arranged in three left, middle and right groups, the blank area between the three middle clamp assemblies is provided with a reinforcing block installed vertically on the clamp base, the upper end of the reinforcing block is flush with the placement position, which is used for providing support to the workpiece together with the placement position to prevent the workpiece from being deformed downward when the workpiece has a large span, and the upper edge of the placement position is provided with a first inclined surface, which is used for preventing the workpiece and the hands of the workers from being scratched when the workpiece is placed.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the side clamp assembly comprises a second air cylinder installed horizontally on the side surface of the support block; the extending end of the second air cylinder extends forward and backward; the extending end of the second air cylinder is fixedly installed with a moving plate, the oblique upper position of the moving plate is integrally formed with a support, and the inside of the support is fixedly installed with a clamping block; the extending end of the second air cylinder drives the clamping block to clamp the side surface of the workpiece through contraction.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the self-cleaning mounting structure comprises a first plug-in hole opened on the support and a second plug-in hole opened on the clamp block; the first plug-in hole and the second plug-in hole are on the same axis and have the same size; the first plug-in hole and the second plug-in hole are correspondingly placed; the self-cleaning pipeline is detachably mounted in the first plug-in hole and the second plug-in hole through plugging; the first plug-in hole is integrally formed with an annular protrusion, and the outer edge of the annular protrusion is provided with a beveled structure to facilitate assembly of the self-cleaning pipeline; the self-cleaning pipeline is in interference fit with the annular protrusion; the self-cleaning pipeline is connected to the pipelines of the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder through a tee joint and is controlled by the clamp switch to be turned on and off; when the middle clamp assembly and the side clamp assembly are opened (i.e., the workpiece is loosened), the self-cleaning pipeline blows air to clean the placement position, and the specific linkage logic is as follows: when the valve rod is counterclockwise rotated (the clamping module is opened, and the workpiece is loosened), the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are switched to a reset air supply circuit to be in a reset state, and the self-cleaning pipeline is simultaneously connected to the reset air supply circuit and continuously blows air; after the workpiece processed is taken out and the next workpiece is placed, the valve rod is clockwise rotated (the clamping module clamps the workpiece), the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are switched to a clamping air supply circuit, and the self-cleaning pipeline is simultaneously closed along with the switching of the circuit.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a limiting stop ring is integrally formed in the second plug-in hole to limit the front end of the self-cleaning pipeline.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the second plug-in hole is opened as a tapered flared end near the side of the placement position, and the tapered flared end is used to enlarge the air blowing area to avoid incomplete cleaning.

[0017] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a detachable pad is assembled between the bottom of the first air cylinder and the clamp base, and the detachable pad can make the middle clamp assembly adapt to the height of different positions of the special-shaped workpiece.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the present application, an end limiting baffle is fixedly installed on the clamp base and is arranged corresponding to the end of the workpiece to position and limit the workpiece.

[0019] Due to the above technical scheme, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The self-cleaning mechanism is directly connected to the original air cylinder circuit of the clamp, and an independent air source and control assembly are not needed, which significantly reduces the equipment cost; the self-cleaning and the opening and closing of the clamp are linked, the clamp is opened to loosen the workpiece, and air blowing is started at the same time, manual operation is not needed, the response is fast, the debris and wire scraps remaining on the placement position can be quickly blown off, manual cleaning time is saved, and the processing continuity is improved.

[0021] 2. Through the detachable cushion block, the height of the middle clamp assembly can be flexibly adjusted, different thickness and shape special-shaped workpieces can be adapted without replacing the whole clamp, the part replacement frequency is reduced, the operation complexity is reduced, and the processing adaptation efficiency of multi-specification workpieces is improved;

[0022] 3. The middle clamp assembly realizes up and down clamping of the workpiece, the side clamp assembly realizes side clamping, and the end limiting baffle realizes end positioning, cooperating with the reinforcing block to prevent the workpiece from being deflected during processing, forming a multi-directional positioning and clamping structure, effectively ensuring the workpiece clamping precision and reducing the processing error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the clamp and workpiece assembly state of the application;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamp of the application;

[0025] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the right half structure of the clamp of the application;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a first cross-sectional view of the self-cleaning mounting structure of the application;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a second cross-sectional view of the self-cleaning mounting structure of the application;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the self-cleaning mounting structure and the self-cleaning pipeline assembly state of the application;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the workpiece processed by the application.

[0030] In the figure: 1, clamp base; 2, middle clamp assembly; 201, first air cylinder; 202, pressing rod; 203, pressing block; 204, supporting block; 205, placement position; 206, first inclined surface; 3, side clamp assembly; 301, second air cylinder; 302, moving plate; 303, support; 304, clamping block; 4, clamp switch; 401, valve seat; 402, valve rod; 5, self-cleaning mounting structure; 501, first plug hole; 502, second plug hole; 503, limiting baffle ring; 504, annular protrusion; 505, conical flared; 6, end limiting baffle; 7, cushion block; 8, reinforcing block; 9, workpiece; 10, self-cleaning pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The assembled machine tool model is PYB-CNC2500S; the machined workpiece is an automobile air conditioner cooling support W01-782-1; the machining mode is drilling and milling; the length direction of the fixture base is set as left and right, the width direction is set as front and back, and the height direction is set as up and down;

[0034] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 The specific embodiment of the self-cleaning pneumatic clamp of the present application comprises:

[0035] The fixture base 1 is fixed and assembled on the machine tool workbench by bolts, and is used to install other components of the clamp to provide stable support for the overall structure;

[0036] The clamping module is arranged on the upper surface of the fixture base 1 and is used to realize multi-directional clamping and positioning of the workpiece 9, and is arranged as two groups on the left and right, each group contains two symmetric workstations in the front and rear directions, and four workpieces 9 can be clamped at the same time, thereby improving the machining efficiency, which comprises:

[0037] The middle clamp assembly 2 is assembled at the middle position of the upper surface of the fixture base 1 and is arranged left, middle and right along the length direction of the fixture base 1, and the first air cylinder 201 is installed on the fixture base 1 by bolts, wherein the bottom of the left and right first air cylinders 201 is padded with a detachable pad 7 (the bolt passes through the fixture base 1 from the bottom and is connected to the pad by threads upwards, the material is aluminum alloy, and the thickness can be selected), which is used to fit the surface of the workpiece 9 and support the block 204 connected to the fixture base 1 by a countersunk screw and arranged on the left and right sides of the first air cylinder 201, and the upper end surface is provided with a placing position 205 formed as a notch adapted to the workpiece 9, and a first inclined surface 206 is arranged on the notch to avoid scratching the hands and the surface of the workpiece 9 when placing the workpiece 9; the top end of the extension end of the first air cylinder 201 is fixedly connected with a pressing rod 202, and the pressing block 203 made of rubber is fixed below the pressing rod 202 by a countersunk screw to prevent the workpiece 9 from being pressed; in other embodiments, the pad can not be used for linear workpieces, and the pad can be used only at one end for Z-shaped workpieces;

[0038] The side clamp assembly 3 is installed horizontally on the side surface of the support block 204 by a countersunk screw, and the end of the extension end is fixedly connected with a moving plate 302 by threads, and the support 303 is integrally formed on the obliquely upper side of the moving plate 302, and the inner side of the support 303 is fixed with a clamping block 304 (the inner side of the clamping block 304 is pasted with a wear-resistant rubber pad) by a countersunk screw;

[0039] The first cylinder 201 adopts a rotary lifting cylinder capable of rotating by 90 degrees (such as a rotary lifting cylinder with a model number of MSQB10A), and the action process from a reset state to a clamping state is as follows: first, the pressure rod 202 is driven to rotate horizontally by 90 degrees to above the placement position 205, then the extension end is driven downward to press the workpiece 9 through the pressing block 203; when the workpiece is released, the extension end is first reset upward, and then rotated by 90 degrees to leave above the workpiece; the principle structure is prior art, and the present scheme is not improved, so the principle will not be described again.

[0040] The first plug-in hole 501 of the self-cleaning installation structure 5 is opened in the middle part of the support 303, the second plug-in hole 502 is opened in the shaft center of the clamping block 304, the two holes have the same diameter and are coaxially arranged; the annular protrusion 504 is integrally formed in the first plug-in hole 501, the self-cleaning pipeline 10 adopts a PU material hose, and the annular protrusion 504 forms an interference fit to ensure firm connection and sealing performance; the second plug-in hole 502 is provided with a conical flared portion 505 close to one side of the placement position 205, and the blowing coverage is enlarged; the self-cleaning pipeline 10 is connected into the reset air supply circuit of the first cylinder 201 and the second cylinder 301 through a T-shaped three-way joint, one end of the T-shaped three-way joint is connected to the first cylinder 201 and the second cylinder 301 through a gas conveying pipeline, one end is connected to the valve seat 401 through a gas conveying pipeline, and one end is connected to the self-cleaning pipeline 10; the clamp switch 4 controls the on-off of the self-cleaning pipeline 10 and the cylinder.

[0041] The clamp switch 4: the valve seat 401 is fixed on the front side of the upper end face of the clamp base 1 through bolts, the valve rod 402 is horizontally arranged in the valve seat 401, when the valve rod 402 is rotated clockwise, the pneumatic circuit is ventilated, the first cylinder 201 drives the pressure rod 202 to rotate and then to lower to clamp the workpiece 9, and the second cylinder 301 drives the clamping block 304 to clamp the side surface of the workpiece 9; when the valve rod 402 is counterclockwise rotated, the first cylinder 201 and the second cylinder 301 are reset to release the workpiece 9, the self-cleaning pipeline 10 is connected with the reset air supply circuit of the driving cylinder, the self-cleaning pipeline 10 is ventilated at the same time as the cylinder is reset, compressed air is blown to the placement position 205 through the conical flared portion 505, and residual debris is cleaned.

[0042] Auxiliary components: the blank area between the three middle clamp assemblies 2 is provided with a reinforcing block 8 (the height is flush with the placement position 205) assembled through a countersunk screw, so as to prevent the long strip-shaped workpiece 9 from being deflected downward during machining; one end of the clamp base 1 is provided with an end position limiting baffle 6 (located Figure 1 、 2 on the upper surface of the middle clamp base 1) fixed through bolts, and abuts with the end part of the workpiece 9 to realize rapid positioning.

[0043] The working principle of the present application: the present application adjusts the height of the middle clamp assembly 2 by selecting a pad 7 with a thickness suitable for the thickness of the workpiece 9 and placing the pad 7 at the bottom of the first cylinder 201.

[0044] The workpiece 9 is placed in the placement position 205 of the support block 204, and the end of the workpiece is positioned against the end limiting baffle 6;

[0045] The valve rod 402 is rotated clockwise, and the pneumatic circuit is ventilated: the first pneumatic cylinder 201 drives the pressure rod 202 to rotate horizontally above the workpiece 9, and then the pressure rod 202 is lowered to press the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece 9; the second pneumatic cylinder 301 is retracted, and the clamping block 304 is driven to clamp the side surface of the workpiece, thereby completing clamping;

[0046] After the machine tool finishes processing the workpiece 9, the valve rod 402 is rotated counterclockwise, and the first pneumatic cylinder 201 and the second pneumatic cylinder 301 are reset to loosen the workpiece; at the same time, the self-cleaning pipeline 10 is ventilated, and compressed air is blown to the placement position 205 through the conical flared portion 505, and then the workpiece is removed;

[0047] Since the air source is continuously supplied, and the valve rod 402 is not closed, the self-cleaning pipeline 10 will continue to blow air at this time, and the debris and wire scraps on the placement position 205 will be blown off;

[0048] The next workpiece is placed, the valve rod 402 is rotated clockwise, and the first pneumatic cylinder 201 and the second pneumatic cylinder 301 are retracted to clamp the workpiece again, and the self-cleaning pipeline 10 is closed, and the next batch of workpieces is processed.

[0049] The components in this paper are all general standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structure and principle can be known by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0050] Although the specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application, and modifications or changes without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning pneumatic clamp, characterized in that: include: The fixture base is assembled on the machine tool and is used to connect other parts of the fixture; The clamping module is located on the upper surface of the fixture base and clamps the workpiece through the cylinder; The clamping module includes a middle clamp assembly and a side clamp assembly, wherein: The middle fixture assembly is assembled in the middle position of the upper surface of the fixture base, and several groups are set along the length direction of the fixture base. It is used to support and clamp the workpiece and clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece; The side clamp assembly is assembled on the front and rear sides of the middle clamp assembly and is used to clamp the side of the workpiece; A self-cleaning mechanism is used to clean the clamping position of the workpiece on the middle clamp assembly, which includes a self-cleaning pipeline and a self-cleaning mounting structure. The self-cleaning pipeline is detachably assembled on the side clamp assembly through the self-cleaning mounting structure. The middle clamp assembly and the side clamp assembly have a clamping air supply circuit and a reset air supply circuit. The self-cleaning pipeline is connected to the reset air supply circuit to obtain a pneumatic air source. The fixture switch is assembled on the fixture base and is used to control the opening and closing of the clamping module and the self-cleaning mechanism.

2. A self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle clamp assembly includes a first cylinder and a support block installed on the clamp base, and the support block is placed on the front and rear sides of the first cylinder; the upper surface of the support block is provided with a placement position for placing the workpiece; the protruding end of the first cylinder extends upward and is fixedly connected to a pressure rod, the pressure rod is arranged horizontally, and a pressure block is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the pressure rod corresponding to the placement position, and the pressure block is used to press the workpiece in the placement position downward; the first cylinder can drive the pressure rod to lift and rotate, thereby clamping the workpiece.

3. A self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping modules on the clamp base are arranged into two groups on the left and right, and each group of clamping modules is provided with two symmetrical workstations in the front and rear horizontal directions; the middle clamp components of the clamping module are arranged into three on the left, middle and right sides; the blank area between the three middle clamp components is provided with a reinforcement block, which is vertically installed on the clamp base; the upper end of the reinforcement block is flush with the placement position, and is used to provide support for the workpiece together with the placement position to prevent the workpiece from being deformed downward during processing due to a large span; the upper edge of the placement position is provided with a first inclined surface, which is used to prevent scratches on the workpiece and the hands of the staff when the workpiece is placed.

4. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side clamp assembly includes a second cylinder, which is horizontally installed on the side of the support block; the protruding end of the second cylinder extends to the front and rear sides; a movable plate is fixedly installed on the protruding end of the second cylinder, and a support is integrally formed at the oblique upper position of the movable plate, and a clamping block is fixedly installed inside the support; the protruding end of the second cylinder drives the clamping block to clamp the side of the workpiece by contraction.

5. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-cleaning installation structure includes a first plug-in hole provided on the support and a second plug-in hole provided on the clamping block; the first plug-in hole and the second plug-in hole are on the same axis and have the same size; the first plug-in hole and the second plug-in hole are provided in corresponding placement positions; the self-cleaning pipeline is detachably installed in the first plug-in hole and the second plug-in hole by plugging; an annular protrusion is integrally formed in the first plug-in hole, and the outer edge of the annular protrusion is set as a slope structure to facilitate the assembly of the self-cleaning pipeline; the self-cleaning pipeline and the annular protrusion are interference fit; the self-cleaning pipeline is connected to the reset air supply circuit of the first cylinder and the second cylinder through a three-way joint, and is controlled by the fixture switch; when the middle fixture assembly and the side fixture assembly release the workpiece, the self-cleaning pipeline is ventilated to blow air to clean the placement position.

6. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limit retaining ring is integrally formed in the second plug hole and is used to limit the front end of the self-cleaning pipeline.

7. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second plug hole is provided with a conical expansion opening on one side close to the placement position, and the conical expansion opening is used to expand the blowing area to avoid inadequate cleaning.

8. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: A detachable pad is installed between the bottom of the first cylinder and the fixture base. The detachable pad enables the middle fixture assembly to adapt to the height of different positions of the special-shaped workpiece.

9. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp switch includes a valve seat installed on the clamp base and a valve stem installed on the valve seat; when the valve stem rotates horizontally clockwise, the clamping module clamps the workpiece and the self-cleaning pipeline is closed; when the valve stem rotates horizontally counterclockwise, the clamping module and the self-cleaning pipeline are opened.

10. The self-cleaning pneumatic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end limit baffle is fixedly mounted on the fixture base. The end limit baffle is arranged corresponding to the end of the workpiece and is used for positioning, placing and limiting the workpiece.

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