A silicon steel sheet lamination press-fitting device based on self-control pressure

Abstract

The application discloses a silicon steel sheet laminating and pressing equipment based on self-control pressure and relates to the technical field of silicon steel sheet manufacturing equipment. The equipment comprises a C-shaped frame, a pressure conduction block and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. A cross-shaped oil guide groove is milled at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure conduction block. Two rows of needle roller bearings are symmetrically installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the pressure conduction block. A laminating pressing plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure conduction block. An annular oil cavity is formed at the top end of the outer wall of the laminating pressing plate. The annular oil cavity is communicated with the oil guide groove. A pressure sensing film is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the laminating pressing plate. A strain grid is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing film. The strain grid etched at the pressure sensing film can sense the pressing pressure, the real-time detection and automatic closed-loop adjustment of the pressing pressure are realized, the problem that the pressure fluctuation of the pressing equipment is large and the laminates are deformed due to overpressure or loose due to insufficient pressure caused by the adjustment depending on manual experience is solved, and the compactness, flatness and core performance consistency of the laminates are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of silicon steel sheet manufacturing equipment, in particular to a silicon steel sheet lamination pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Silicon steel sheet, a thin plate with silicon content in the range of 0.5-4.5%, and thickness usually below 1mm, becomes the key material for building the cores of various transformers, motors and generators due to its unique electromagnetic properties.

[0003] However, the current traditional silicon steel sheet lamination pressing equipment exposes many drawbacks in actual operation. In terms of automation level, some equipment has low automation level and relies heavily on manual operation. In terms of pressure control, the traditional equipment has obvious shortcomings. The pressure control precision is poor, and it cannot accurately adapt to the pressing needs of silicon steel sheets of different materials and thicknesses. Excessive pressure can easily cause mechanical damage to the silicon steel sheet; and insufficient pressure will make the silicon steel sheets not fit tightly, increase the magnetic resistance of the core, and reduce the performance of the electrical equipment. Moreover, the traditional equipment cannot dynamically adjust the pressure during the pressing process, and cannot meet the pressure change needs caused by the increase in the number of layers, uneven material and other factors during the lamination process.

[0004] Patent CN107458864B discloses a transformer silicon steel sheet lamination equipment and its feeding device. The above patent realizes automatic feeding through the feeding device, replaces the traditional manual feeding method, reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves work efficiency, ensures the stacking requirements, and improves the feeding accuracy. The present application also discloses a transformer silicon steel sheet lamination equipment comprising the above feeding device.

[0005] The above patent realizes automatic feeding of silicon steel sheets through double-layer conveying belts and lifting type material taking platforms, effectively reduces the labor intensity and improves the feeding efficiency, but does not involve the core pressure control problem in the lamination pressing process.

[0006] Therefore, the present application proposes a silicon steel sheet lamination pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure, which can realize real-time monitoring of the pressure distribution of the pressing contact surface through the strain gate etched on the pressure sensing film, generate PWM signals to drive the horizontal and vertical alignment plates to dynamically adjust the lamination position in combination with the PID controller, and convert the radial displacement caused by the uneven lamination into axial compensation through the cooperation of the needle bearing and the wedge-shaped slide rail. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide a silicon steel sheet lamination pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure to solve the technical problems of low automation level of the equipment and difficulty in dynamically adjusting the pressure during the pressing process as mentioned in the background.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a silicon steel sheet lamination press-fitting equipment based on self-control pressure, comprising a C-shaped frame, a pressure transmission block and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer wall side of the C-shaped frame, and the output end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is provided with the pressure transmission block;

[0009] A cross-shaped oil guide groove is milled at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block, two rows of needle roller bearings are symmetrically installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block, a lamination pressing plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block, an annular oil cavity is formed at the top end of the outer wall of the lamination pressing plate, the annular oil cavity is communicated with the oil guide groove, a pressure sensing film is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the lamination pressing plate, and a strain grid is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing film.

[0010] Preferably, three T-shaped grooves are formed at the bottom of the upper cross beam of the C-shaped frame, a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat is embedded in each T-shaped groove, a spherical recess is turned on the bottom surface center of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat, a blind hole is formed in the center of the pressure transmission block, and an internal thread is arranged in the blind hole;

[0011] The double-acting hydraulic cylinder is hung below the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat, a hemispherical boss is welded at the top end of the outer wall of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the hemispherical boss cooperates with the spherical recess, the piston rods arranged at both ends of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder are processed with external threads, the piston rods are connected with the pressure transmission block through the external threads, a distribution block is arranged inside the oil inlet, three oil channels are drilled inside the distribution block, an overflow valve is fixedly installed at the inlet of the oil channel, and the outlet of the oil channel is communicated with the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder through a high-pressure hose.

[0012] Preferably, a plunger sleeve is fixedly installed on the surface of the workbench at the top end of the outer wall of the C-shaped frame, a spring plunger is fixedly installed inside the plunger sleeve, a ball head support is welded at the top end of the outer wall of the spring plunger, a core shaft positioning plate is held by the ball head support at the top end of the outer wall of the spring plunger, a ball socket is formed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the core shaft positioning plate, and the ball socket is connected with the ball head support;

[0013] An exhaust hole is drilled at the bottom of the plunger sleeve, an annular oil cavity is formed at the bottom of the spring plunger and filled with molybdenum disulfide grease, the annular oil cavity is communicated with an oil collecting ring through a radial oil hole, the oil collecting ring is fixedly installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the lamination pressing plate, and the outlet of the oil collecting ring is communicated with a vacuum tank through a copper pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the control oil port of the overflow valve is connected with a pressure feedback device through a red copper pipe, the pressure feedback device comprises a base, an L-shaped lever and a compression spring, an axle hole of the base is connected with a hinged shaft, the hinged shaft is connected with a hinged hole of the L-shaped lever, and the compression spring is coaxially sleeved on the long arm end of the L-shaped lever;

[0015] The contact at the top of the short arm end of the L-shaped lever touches the pressure sensing film, and the long arm end drives the guide core of the overflow valve;

[0016] The outer wall bottom end of the compression spring is crimped with a No. 1 gasket, the No. 1 gasket is bonded to the outer wall of the base, the outer wall top end of the compression spring is crimped with a No. 2 gasket, the outer wall of the No. 2 gasket is provided with an adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is screwed into the long arm end of the L-shaped lever.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall bottom end of the lamination pressing plate is fixedly installed with a sensing contact, the sensing contact is connected to a sensing probe of a pressure sensor, a signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected to a signal input end of a controller, and output ends of the controller are respectively connected to the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the outer wall side of the upper cross beam is welded with a wedge-shaped sliding rail, and the wedge-shaped sliding rail is in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the needle roller bearing;

[0019] When the pressure head tilts due to unevenness of the silicon steel sheet stack, the needle roller bearing rolls along the wedge-shaped slope, and the slope angle converts the radial displacement into axial compensation; the outer wall bottom end of the pressure head is fixedly installed with an elastic connecting piece, the outer wall top end of the pressure head is fixedly installed with a connecting plate, the outer wall top end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a lifting driving block, and the downward pressing surface of the pressure head is parallel to the outer wall top end of the lamination pressing plate.

[0020] Preferably, the first guide rail is symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the lamination pressing plate, the first guide rail is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the C-shaped rack, the first guide rail is slidingly connected with a first sliding block, the outer wall of the first sliding block is fixedly installed with a first alignment plate, the inner side surfaces of the first alignment plate are parallel to each other, and the outer wall of the first alignment plate is connected with the first driving mechanism to drive the first sliding block to move along the first guide rail;

[0021] The second guide rail is symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction of the lamination pressing plate, the second guide rail is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the C-shaped rack, the second guide rail is slidingly connected with a second sliding block, the outer wall of the second sliding block is fixedly installed with a second alignment plate, the inner side surfaces of the second alignment plate are parallel to each other, and the outer wall of the second alignment plate is connected with the second driving mechanism to drive the second sliding block to move along the second guide rail.

[0022] Preferably, the outer wall top end of the mandrel positioning plate is embedded with a positioning block, a V-shaped groove is formed in the outer wall top end of the positioning block, a negative pressure hole is drilled in the bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the negative pressure hole is communicated with a vacuum pipeline;

[0023] The lead wire of the strain grid passes through the ceramic guide sleeve and is connected to the brush slip ring, the movable ring of the brush slip ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the lamination pressing plate, the static ring of the brush slip ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the insulating support, and the insulating support is pressed against the column at the top end of the C-shaped rack by the butterfly spring.

[0024] Preferably, the outer wall side of the connecting plate is fixedly installed with a guide sliding sleeve, the guide sliding sleeve is sleeved with a guide optical shaft, the guide optical shaft is fixedly installed at the rear end of the outer wall of the C-shaped rack, the axis of the guide optical shaft is parallel to the axis of the ball screw, and the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the outer wall top end of the lamination pressing plate.

[0025] The inner side surfaces of the first alignment plate and the second alignment plate are pasted with polyurethane cushion pads.

[0026] Preferably, the strain gage signal output end is connected to the analog input port of the controller, and the controller is built-in with a PID control board;

[0027] The input end of the PID control board receives the deviation of the deformation electric signal of the strain gage from the preset pressure threshold value, and the output end generates a PWM control signal to drive the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the horizontal displacement of the first alignment plate, and the second driving mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the vertical displacement of the second alignment plate.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present application realizes real-time detection and automatic closed-loop adjustment of the press-fit pressure by etching the strain gage with the pressure sensing film, solves the problems of large pressure fluctuation of the press-fit device, overpressure deformation of the laminated sheet or insufficient pressure caused by relying on manual experience adjustment, and improves the tightness, flatness and performance consistency of the laminated sheet;

[0030] 2. The present application realizes that when the pressure head is subjected to radial force due to local unevenness or initial skew of the silicon steel sheet stack, the needle bearing can roll along the wedge-shaped slope, solves the problems of pressure head jamming, uneven pressure transmission and even equipment damage caused by silicon steel sheet burrs, local deformation or initial misplacement during the press-fit process, automatically converts radial displacement into axial compensation, makes the pressure head self-adapt to slight skew, ensures that the pressure plate is always parallel to the workbench surface for pressing, and improves the press-fit quality and equipment reliability;

[0031] 3. The present application realizes automatic lubrication of the mandrel positioning by opening a ring-shaped oil cavity at the bottom of the spring plunger, solves the problems of wear and jamming caused by dry friction of the moving parts of the positioning mechanism, and improves the smoothness of movement and service life;

[0032] 4. The present application realizes real-time adjustment of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism by inputting the press-fit pressure deformation electric signal detected by the strain gage into the controller, solves the problem of manual adjustment of the uneven edges of the silicon steel sheet during the laminating process, automatically corrects the horizontal and vertical misalignment of the silicon steel sheet stack, and improves the production efficiency and laminating uniformity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder structure of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the hinge shaft of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the inside of the plunger sleeve of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the pressure transmission block of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the inside of the pressure feedback device of the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the outside of the pressure head of the present application.

[0041] In the figure: 1, C-shaped frame; 2, T-shaped slot; 3, hydraulic cylinder mounting seat; 4, spherical concave pit; 5, piston rod; 6, pressure transmission block; 7, laminated pressing plate; 8, needle roller bearing; 9, annular oil cavity; 10, oil guide groove; 11, pressure sensing film; 12, strain grid; 13, plunger sleeve; 14, spring plunger; 15, ball head support; 16, mandrel positioning plate; 17, ball socket; 18, semispherical boss; 19, double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 20, oil inlet; 21, oil distribution block; 22, oil channel; 23, overflow valve; 24, pressure feedback device; 25, sensing contact; 26, base; 27, L-shaped lever; 28, compression spring; 29, hinge shaft; 30, oil collecting ring; 31, No. 1 washer; 32, No. 2 washer; 33, adjusting screw; 34, wedge-shaped slide rail; 35, controller; 36, first guide rail; 37, second guide rail; 38, first sliding block; 39, first alignment plate; 40, second sliding block; 41, second alignment plate; 42, positioning block; 43, pressure head; 44, elastic connecting piece; 45, connecting plate; 46, lifting driving block; 47, brush slip ring; 48, guide sliding sleeve; 49, guide optical shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "provided with", "connection" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the present application provides an embodiment: the outer wall bottom end of the pressure conducting block 6 is milled with a cross-shaped oil guide groove 10, two rows of needle roller bearings 8 are symmetrically installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the pressure conducting block 6, a laminated pressing plate 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure conducting block 6, an annular oil cavity 9 is formed at the top end of the outer wall of the laminated pressing plate 7, the annular oil cavity 9 is communicated with the oil guide groove 10, a pressure sensing film 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the laminated pressing plate 7, and a strain grid 12 is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing film 11.

[0046] The bottom of the upper cross beam of the C-shaped rack 1 is provided with three T-shaped grooves 2, and a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3 is embedded in each T-shaped groove 2. A spherical recess 4 is turned on the bottom surface center of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3. A blind hole is formed in the center of the pressure conducting block 6, and an internal thread is arranged in the blind hole. A double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is suspended below the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3. A hemispherical boss 18 is welded at the top end of the outer wall of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19. The hemispherical boss 18 cooperates with the spherical recess 4. The piston rods 5 arranged at both ends of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 are processed with external threads. The piston rods 5 are connected with the pressure conducting block 6 through the external threads. A oil distribution block 21 is arranged in the oil inlet channel 20. Three oil channels 22 are drilled in the oil distribution block 21. An overflow valve 23 is fixedly installed at the inlet of the oil channel 22. The outlet of the oil channel 22 is communicated with the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through a high-pressure hose.

[0047] Further, the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3 is matched with the hemispherical boss 18 at the top end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through the spherical concave pit 4, in a free overhanging state, the piston rod 5 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is completely retracted, the pressure transmission block 6 is located at the upper limit position, the two rows of needle roller bearings 8 on the outer wall side surface keep a 1mm gap with the wedge-shaped slide rail 34 (inclination angle α = 10°) on the side surface of the upper cross beam, without contact. The laminated pressing plate 7 is fixed at the bottom end of the pressure transmission block 6, the pressure sensing film 11 on the bottom surface is 300mm away from the workbench surface, and the hydraulic oil in the annular oil cavity 9 is communicated with the oil passage of the pressure transmission block 6 through the cross intersection oil guide groove 10.

[0048] In the plunger sleeve 13 on the workbench surface, the spring plunger 14 is lifted by the ball head support 15 under the action of the pre-tightening force, the mandrel positioning plate 16 is connected with the ball head support 15 through the bottom end ball socket 17, in a horizontal suspension state, the V-shaped groove of the positioning block 42 (8 groups of circumferentially distributed, R = inner diameter D / 2 x 0.95 of silicon steel sheet) faces upward, the negative pressure hole is not ventilated, and the vacuum tank is in-0.08MPa negative pressure standby. The first slider 38 and the second slider 40 on the first guide rail 36 and the second guide rail 37 are located at the outermost side, the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 (the inner side surface is pasted with 3mm polyurethane buffer pad) are 50mm away from the center positioning pin at the center of the workbench, the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor (first and second driving mechanisms) are not electrified, and the gear and rack mechanism is static.

[0049] The pressure head 43 is at the upper limit position, and the plurality of pressing blocks (including helical compression springs and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pressing blocks) on the bottom surface of the main pressing plate are in a natural stretched state, and the guide column top is embedded in the main pressing plate positioning groove; the guide sliding sleeve 48 on the side surface of the connecting plate 45 is in gap cooperation with the guide optical axis 49, the lifting driving block 46 is threadedly connected with the ball screw, the output shaft of the servo motor (AC permanent magnet synchronous type) is connected with the ball screw shaft through the diaphragm coupling, and the encoder is zeroed; the laser displacement sensor is aligned with the target plate on the side surface of the pressure head, and the calibrated zero point (the reading is 0 when the bottom surface of the floating pressing plate is in contact with the workbench), and the three-dimensional fine adjustment support (X, Y, Z axis sliding table) is fixed to the supporting column, and the measurement range covers 0-100mm.

[0050] The electromagnetic valve of the lateral clamping mechanism of the controller 35 is electrified, compressed air enters the rodless cavity of the thin double-acting air cylinder, the piston rod is extended, drives the L-shaped connecting block and the clamping block to move to the center, the guide inclined surface of the clamping block first contacts the edge of the outermost layer of the silicon steel sheet layer, generates a horizontal centripetal clamping force and a downward component force, the silicon steel sheet is preliminarily attached under the action of the component force, and the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor are started at the same time.

[0051] The first stepper motor output shaft drives the first driving gear to rotate, and the two first racks meshed with the first driving gear drive the first slider 38 to move along the first guide rail 36, the first alignment plate 39 moves to the center, and the polyurethane buffer pad contacts the horizontal edge of the silicon steel sheet stack. The contact instant pressure sensing contact 25 detects the pressure, and feeds back to the controller 35. The controller adjusts the first stepper motor speed through the PWM signal, and stops when the first alignment plate 39 applies a 50N horizontal clamping force to the stack.

[0052] The second stepper motor drives the second driving gear to rotate, and the second rack drives the second slider 40 to move along the second guide rail 37, and the second alignment plate 41 clamps the vertical edge of the silicon steel sheet stack at the same speed. The same 50N clamping force stops, and the double clamping makes the silicon steel sheet stack preliminarily fixed, and the polyurethane buffer pad adapts to the slight unevenness of the stack edge due to deformation, avoiding scratching the silicon steel sheet.

[0053] When the floating pressing plate contacts the top surface of the silicon steel sheet stack, the pressure sensing unit (planar array piezoelectric film sensor) detects the pressure. When the pressure reaches the preset value of 5N, the sensor signal is transmitted to the controller through the charge amplifier and 24-bit analog-to-digital converter. The controller immediately instructs the servo motor to stop, completes the pre-pressing, and the spiral compression spring of the pressing block begins to deform slightly, adapts to the local height difference of the stack top surface, and ensures that the initial pressure of each point is uniform.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 , an embodiment provided by the present application: the outer wall of the laminated pressing plate 7 is fixedly installed with a sensing contact 25, the sensing contact 25 is connected with a sensing probe of a pressure sensor, a signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected with a signal input end of a controller 35, and output ends of the controller 35 are respectively connected with first and second driving mechanisms;

[0055] The laminated pressing plate 7 is symmetrically provided with a first guide rail 36 in the horizontal direction, the first guide rail 36 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped rack 1, the first guide rail 36 is slidably connected with a first slider 38, the outer wall of the first slider 38 is fixedly installed with a first alignment plate 39, the inner side surfaces of the first alignment plate 39 are parallel to each other, and the outer wall of the first alignment plate 39 is connected with the first driving mechanism to drive the first slider 38 to move along the first guide rail 36; the laminated pressing plate 7 is symmetrically provided with a second guide rail 37 in the vertical direction, the second guide rail 37 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped rack 1, the second guide rail 37 is slidably connected with a second slider 40, the outer wall of the second slider 40 is fixedly installed with a second alignment plate 41, the inner side surfaces of the second alignment plate 41 are parallel to each other, and the outer wall of the second alignment plate 41 is connected with the second driving mechanism to drive the second slider 40 to move along the second guide rail 37;

[0056] Further, the first driving mechanism drives the two first sliders 38 to move towards or away from each other along the first guide rail 36; the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are used to drive the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 to move towards the center before the laminated press plate 7 is pressed, so as to clamp and align the silicon steel sheet stack.

[0057] The servo motor is arranged at the upper beam of the C-shaped rack 1, the output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially connected with the ball screw, the ball screw is threadedly connected with the lifting driving block 46, the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the upper surface of the laminated press plate 7, and the top surface of the connecting plate 45 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the lifting driving block 46;

[0058] The working surfaces of the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41, which are in contact with the silicon steel sheet stack, are each pasted with a flexible polyurethane buffer pad with a thickness of 3 mm; the flexible polyurethane buffer pad can provide sufficient clamping force while avoiding scratching or bruising the outermost silicon steel sheet due to direct contact, and can also adapt to the slight unevenness of the edge of the silicon steel sheet stack.

[0059] The control output end of the controller 35 is electrically connected with the driver of the servo motor; the real-time pressure signal from the pressure sensor is received by the controller 35, and the real-time pressure signal is compared with the preset pressure threshold value; the controller 35 generates a control instruction based on the comparison result and sends the control instruction to the driver of the servo motor, so as to drive the servo motor to rotate forward or reversely; the rotation of the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, thereby driving the lifting driving block 46 and the fixed pressure head connecting plate 45 and the pressure head 43 to vertically move along the axis of the ball screw, so as to automatically apply pressure or release pressure to the silicon steel sheet stack on the laminated press plate 7.

[0060] The pressure head 43 is a flexible self-adaptive pressure head structure, which comprises a main press plate and a plurality of independent pressing blocks fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the main press plate; the top surface of the main press plate is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the pressure head connecting plate; the plurality of pressing blocks are arranged in a matrix on the bottom surface of the main press plate, each pressing block comprises an elastic connecting piece and a pressing block, the upper end of the elastic connecting piece is fixed to the bottom surface of the main press plate, and the pressing block is fixed to the lower end of the elastic connecting piece; when the pressure head 43 contacts the silicon steel sheet stack, the pressing blocks can independently and slightly displace in the vertical direction through the elastic deformation of the corresponding elastic connecting pieces, so as to adapt to the local height difference of the top surface of the silicon steel sheet stack, and make the pressure distribution on the top surface of the entire silicon steel sheet stack more uniform.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 , an embodiment provided by the application is as follows: the strain gate 12 signal output end is connected with the analog input port of the controller 35, and the controller 35 is provided with a PID control board;

[0062] The input end of the PID control board receives the deformation electric signal of the strain gage 12 and the deviation of the preset pressure threshold value, and the output end generates a PWM control signal to drive the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism. The first driving mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the horizontal displacement of the first alignment plate 39, and the second driving mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the vertical displacement of the second alignment plate 41.

[0063] The outer wall top end of the mandrel positioning plate 16 is embedded with a positioning block 42, the outer wall top end of the positioning block 42 is provided with a V-shaped groove, the bottom of the V-shaped groove is provided with a negative pressure hole, and the negative pressure hole is communicated with a vacuum pipeline; the lead of the strain gage 12 passes through a ceramic guide sleeve and is connected to a brush slip ring 47, the movable ring of the brush slip ring 47 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the laminated pressing plate 7, the static ring of the brush slip ring 47 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of an insulating support, and the insulating support is pressed on the column at the top end of the C-shaped rack 1 through a butterfly spring;

[0064] Further, the signal input end of the controller 35 is connected with a pressure sensor, the strain gage 12 connected through the brush slip ring 47 and a laser displacement sensor, and the output end is connected with a servo motor driver, a first stepper motor and a second stepper motor driver, an electromagnetic valve of the lateral clamping mechanism and the like, and all the electrical elements are in an energized preheating state.

[0065] The operator puts the silicon steel sheets to be processed (positioned by inner holes) into the center positioning pin one by one, and stacks them to a preset height. The outer wall of the first alignment plate 39 is provided with an electromagnetic exciter, the piston rod of the double-acting cylinder is retracted, and the clamping block is located outside the silicon steel sheet stack. The electromagnetic valve is electrified, compressed air enters the rodless cavity of the double-acting cylinder, and the piston rod is extended. The controller 35 instructs the vibration controller to start the electromagnetic exciter, the vibration axis of which is 45° to the horizontal plane and points to the center of the workbench, to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration at a frequency of 150 Hz and an acceleration of 3G. The vibration is transmitted to the silicon steel sheet stack through the workbench. The positioning block 42 of the mandrel positioning plate 16 is connected with the vacuum pipeline through the negative pressure hole, the V-shaped groove adsorbs the inner hole edge of the silicon steel sheet, and the radial constraint is realized in cooperation with the center positioning pin. Under the action of vibration energy, the silicon steel sheet slides along the constraint surface of the center positioning pin and the alignment plate, the gap between the sheets is gradually eliminated, and the laser displacement sensor detects that the stack height decreases (the total gap between the sheets) after 3 seconds, and the vibration stops.

[0066] The servo motor driver receives the controller instruction, outputs a pulse signal to drive the servo motor to rotate forward, the double-diaphragm stainless steel drives the ball screw shaft to rotate, the ball screw nut pushes the lifting driving block 46 to descend along the linear guide rail, the pressure head 43 moves downward, the guide sleeve 48 slides along the guide optical axis 49 to limit the lateral swing of the pressure head, and when the laser displacement sensor detects that the pressure head is 10 mm away from the top surface of the stack, the controller issues a deceleration instruction, and the servo motor switches to low speed.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 An embodiment of the present application comprises a C-shaped frame 1, a pressure transmission block 6 and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly installed on the outer wall side of the C-shaped frame 1, and the output end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is provided with the pressure transmission block 6;

[0068] A wedge-shaped sliding rail 34 is welded on the outer wall side of the upper cross beam, and the wedge-shaped sliding rail 34 is in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the needle roller bearing 8; when the pressure head 43 tilts due to unevenness of the silicon steel sheet stack, the needle roller bearing 8 rolls along the wedge-shaped slope, and the slope angle converts the radial displacement into axial compensation; the elastic connecting piece 44 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure head 43, the connecting plate 45 is fixedly installed at the top end of the outer wall of the pressure head 43, the lifting driving block 46 is fixedly connected to the top end of the outer wall of the connecting plate 45, and the pressing surface of the pressure head 43 is parallel to the top end of the outer wall of the laminated plate 7;

[0069] The control oil port of the overflow valve 23 is connected to the pressure feedback device 24 through a red copper pipe, the pressure feedback device 24 comprises a base 26, an L-shaped lever 27 and a compression spring 28, the shaft hole of the base 26 is connected to the hinged shaft 29, the hinged shaft 29 is connected to the hinged hole of the L-shaped lever 27, and the compression spring 28 is coaxially sleeved on the long arm end of the L-shaped lever 27;

[0070] The short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 is in contact with the pressure sensing film 11, and the long arm end drives the guide core of the overflow valve 23; the compression spring 28 is in pressure contact with the No. 1 gasket 31 at the bottom end of the outer wall, the No. 1 gasket 31 is bonded to the outer wall of the base 26, the compression spring 28 is in pressure contact with the No. 2 gasket 32 at the top end of the outer wall, the outer wall of the No. 2 gasket 32 is provided with the adjusting screw 33, and the adjusting screw 33 is screwed into the long arm end of the L-shaped lever 27;

[0071] Further, the overflow valve 23 at the inlet of the three oil channels 22 of the oil distribution block 21 is in a closed state, the high-pressure oil of the oil inlet channel 20 fills the energy storage cavity (with a spiral compression spring pre-tightened), is communicated with the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through a high-pressure hose, and the rod cavity is communicated with the oil return; the short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 of the pressure feedback device 24 is in light contact with the pressure sensing film 11, the long arm end is kept with a gap from the guide core of the overflow valve 23, and the compression spring 28 (sleeved on the long arm end) is compressed under the pre-tightening of the adjusting screw 33, so as to generate an elastic force, which acts on the L-shaped lever 27 through the No. 2 gasket 32;

[0072] The lead wire (covered by a phosphor bronze foil) of the strain grid 12 passes through the ceramic guide sleeve and is connected to the brush slip ring 47, the movable ring moves synchronously with the laminated plate 7, the static ring is fixed to the insulating support (which is pre-tightened on the stand by a butterfly spring), and the signal transmission is stable; the PID control board of the controller 35 has loaded parameters (the proportional coefficient K p =5, the integral time T i =0.1s, and the differential time T d =0.01s), and the preset pressure threshold value and the target pressure curve P hReal-time comparison, the deviation einitially is 0.

[0073] The piston rod 5 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is slightly extended under the action of oil pressure, the pressure conducting block 6 moves downward, the needle roller bearing 8 is in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped slide rail 34, and the contact force of the two needle roller bearings is balanced due to the flatness of the laminated layer. When the laminated layer is not flat, the contact force of the two needle roller bearings is balanced, and no radial displacement is generated. The annular oil cavity 9 of the laminated plate 7 is in communication with the oil passage of the pressure conducting block 6 through the oil guide groove 10, and the hydraulic oil pressure gradually rises as the piston rod extends. The double-acting hydraulic cylinder is pressurized, the pressure of the oil inlet passage 20 is increased, the energy storage cavity of the oil distribution block 21 is compressed by the spiral compression spring, and the hydraulic oil in the three oil channels 22 enters the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through the overflow valve 23. The piston rod 5 extends, drives the pressure conducting block 6 and the laminated plate 7 to move downward, and the needle roller bearing 8 rolls along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34. Due to the uniform force of the pressure conducting block 6, the rolling distances of the two sides are equal (about 1.76 mm of radial displacement per 10 mm of downward movement, which is consistent with tan10°≈0.176), so that the laminated plate 7 moves horizontally and downward;

[0074] After the bottom surface of the laminated plate 7 contacts the silicon steel sheet laminated layer, the pressure is transmitted to the strain grid 12 through the pressure sensing film 11, the resistance value of the strain grid changes (0.1% of resistance change per MPa of pressure), and the signal is processed into a real-time pressure value P-feedback by the controller 35. The servo motor of the pressure head 43 continues to drive the ball screw to rotate, and the floating pressure plate is pressed downward. The pressure sensor of the floating pressure plate synchronously collects the pressure, and the data of the two are cross-verified.

[0075] When P-feedback rises to 500N, the pressure sensing film 11 deforms by 0.01 mm, drives the short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 to lift up, rotates the L-shaped lever around the hinge shaft 29 (rotation angle 0.5°), and moves the long arm end of the L-shaped lever down by 0.1 mm to press the guide core of the overflow valve 23. The opening degree of the overflow valve is 0.05 mm, part of the hydraulic oil is overflowed, the pressure of the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 increases at a slower speed (from 1 MPa / s to 0.5 MPa / s). The PID control board of the controller 35 calculates the deviation e=Ph-P-feedback (e=50N when Ph=550N), outputs the PWM signal to adjust the torque of the servo motor, and matches the pressure increasing speed of the pressure head with the target curve.

[0076] As the pressure assembly goes deeper, when P-feedback=2000N, the local unevenness of the silicon steel sheet laminated layer causes the pressure conducting block 6 to tilt slightly, the left needle roller bearing 8 rolls along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34 by 0.05 mm, which is converted into 0.0088 mm of axial compensation through the inclined surface angle, and the rolling amount of the right needle roller bearing decreases. The laminated plate 7 automatically levels, the local deformation of the pressure sensing film 11 increases, the short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 is unevenly stressed, the long arm end of the L-shaped lever is deflected, the opening degree of the corresponding side overflow valve 23 increases, and the pressure of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 on the side decreases by 5%, realizing dynamic balance.

[0077] When the P-feedback reaches 3000N, and the laser displacement sensor detects that the stack height is stable at 190mm (target interval 189.5-190.5mm), the controller instructs to enter the pressure maintaining. The PID control board maintains the deviation e≈0, the servo motor torque is constant, the rodless cavity pressure of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is stable, the fixed opening of the overflow valve 23 is maintained, and the L-shaped lever 27 of the pressure feedback device is in a force balance state (the force on the short arm end = the spring force on the long arm end). The pressure block of the pressure head 43 ensures uniform pressure distribution of each point on the top surface of the stack through the elastic deformation of the spiral compression spring, and the flexible sealing diaphragm isolates external contaminants without affecting pressure transmission; after 15s of pressure maintaining, the controller 35 issues a pressure relief instruction, the servo motor reverses, the ball screw nut rises, the pressure head 43 returns to the initial position, the guide sliding sleeve 48 slides along the guide optical axis 49 without jamming; the rod cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is filled with oil, the piston rod 5 retracts, the pressure transmission block 6 moves up, the needle roller bearing 8 is separated from the wedge-shaped sliding rail 34, the laminated plate 7 resets, the overflow valve 23 is closed, and the energy storage cavity spiral compression spring of the oil distribution block 21 rebounds, and the oil way pressure drops to low pressure.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 , an embodiment provided by the present application: the outer wall bottom end of the pressure transmission block 6 is milled with a cross-shaped oil guide groove 10, two rows of needle roller bearings 8 are symmetrically installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6, the laminated plate 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6, the annular oil cavity 9 is formed at the top end of the outer wall of the laminated plate 7, the annular oil cavity 9 is connected with the oil guide groove 10, the pressure sensing diaphragm 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the laminated plate 7, and the strain grid 12 is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing diaphragm 11.

[0079] The workbench surface at the top end of the C-shaped rack 1 is fixedly installed with a plunger sleeve 13, the plunger sleeve 13 is fixedly installed with a spring plunger 14 inside, the spring plunger 14 is welded with a ball head support 15 at the top end of the outer wall, the ball head support 15 holds a mandrel positioning plate 16 at the top end of the outer wall, a ball socket 17 is formed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the mandrel positioning plate 16, and the ball socket 17 is connected with the ball head support 15; the bottom of the plunger sleeve 13 is drilled with an exhaust hole, the bottom of the spring plunger 14 is formed with an annular oil cavity 9 filled with molybdenum disulfide grease, the annular oil cavity 9 is connected with the oil collecting ring 30 through a radial oil hole, the oil collecting ring 30 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the laminated plate 7, and the outlet of the oil collecting ring 30 is connected with a vacuum tank through a copper pipe; the guide sliding sleeve 48 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the outer wall of the connecting plate 45, the guide sliding sleeve 48 is sleeved with the guide optical axis 49, the guide optical axis 49 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the outer wall of the C-shaped rack 1, the axis of the guide optical axis 49 is parallel to the axis of the ball screw, and the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the top end of the outer wall of the laminated plate 7; the inner side surfaces of the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 are pasted with polyurethane cushion pads;

[0080] Further, the output shaft of the first stepper motor of the first driving mechanism drives the first driving gear to rotate, drives the two sides of the first rack (fixed to the bottom surface of the first sliding block 38) to mesh, and makes the first sliding block 38 slide along the first guide rail 36, and the first alignment plate 39 moves synchronously to the center, the inner side of the 3mm thick polyurethane buffer pad contacts the horizontal edge of the silicon steel sheet stack and applies clamping force, and the motor stops after horizontal alignment; the second stepper motor of the second driving mechanism drives the second sliding block 40 to slide along the second guide rail 37 through the second driving gear and the second rack, the second alignment plate 41 contacts the vertical edge of the silicon steel sheet stack and applies clamping force, and the motor stops after completing vertical alignment.

[0081] The output shaft of the servo motor on the upper cross beam of the C-shaped rack 1 drives the ball screw to rotate through the diaphragm coupling, makes the lifting driving block 46 move downward along the screw shaft, and drives the pressure head 43 to descend through the connecting plate 45; the guide sliding sleeve 48 on the side of the connecting plate 45 slides along the guide optical axis 49, and limits the lateral deviation of the pressure head. When the pressure head 43 contacts the silicon steel sheet stack, if the surface of the stack is uneven, each pressing block independently deforms through the elastic connecting piece (helical compression spring), the pressing block at the protrusion compresses the spring upward, and the pressing block at the depression expands the spring downward, so as to realize uniform pressure distribution.

[0082] The oil channel 22 of the oil distribution block 21 supplies oil to the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through the high-pressure hose, the piston rod 5 extends and pushes the pressure conduction block 6 to descend; the needle roller bearing 8 on the side of the pressure conduction block 6 rolls along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34, if the pressure head is inclined due to uneven stack, the needle roller bearing rolls along the inclined surface to convert the radial displacement into axial compensation, so that the laminated pressing plate 7 is always parallel to the surface of the stack, when the laminated pressing plate 7 descends, the bottom pressure sensing film 11 contacts the stack to generate deformation, drives the strain grid 12 to stretch and compress, so that the L-shaped lever 27 rotates around the hinge shaft 29, the long arm end pushes the spool of the overflow valve 23, and dynamically adjusts the oil pressure.

[0083] When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure reaches the preset value through the sensing contact 25, the servo motor and the hydraulic cylinder remain in the current state, and enter the pressure maintaining stage; after the pressure maintaining ends, the servo motor reverses, the ball screw drives the pressure head 43 to rise along the guide optical axis 49 to the initial position; the rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 returns oil, the piston rod 5 retracts, the pressure conduction block 6 and the laminated pressing plate 7 rise, and the needle roller bearing 8 reversely rolls along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34 to reset; the first and second stepper motors reverse, drive the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 to slide reversely along the guide rail to the open state, and release the silicon steel sheet stack.

[0084] Working principle: Silicon steel sheet is stacked on the workbench through the center positioning pin, the mandrel positioning plate is horizontally suspended under the support of the ball head support, and the 8 groups of positioning block V-shaped grooves are upward to assist positioning; The first and second alignment plates are located on the outside, maintaining a distance of 50mm from the center positioning pin; The pressure head is in the upper limit position, the pressure block is naturally stretched, and the laser displacement sensor is calibrated to zero point; The piston rod of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is retracted, the pressure conducting block is in the upper limit, and the needle bearing and the wedge-shaped slide rail maintain a small gap.

[0085] The controller instructs the electromagnetic valve to be powered, and the clamping block moves to the center to preliminarily adhere to the silicon steel sheet; The first and second alignment plates are driven by the first and second stepper motors to move towards each other along the guide rail, respectively fixing the horizontal and vertical directions of the stack, and the polyurethane cushion pad adapts to the uneven edges; At the same time, the electromagnetic exciter vibrates, cooperates with the positioning block negative pressure hole adsorption, and stops vibrating after eliminating the gap between the silicon steel sheets; The servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, and the pressure head descends along the guide optical axis, and slows down when it is away from the top surface of the stack; After contacting the top surface of the stack, the servo motor stops when the pressure sensor detects excessive pressure, and the pressure block spring deforms slightly;

[0086] The rodless cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is filled with oil, the piston rod is extended to push the pressure conducting block to move down, the needle bearing contacts the wedge-shaped slide rail, and rolls along the inclined surface as the stack height decreases; After the laminated sheet pressing plate contacts the stack, the pressure is transmitted to the strain grid through the pressure sensing film, and the signal is processed by the controller to obtain the real-time pressure value, which is cross-verified with the pressure sensor data of the pressure head; If the stack is uneven, the pressure conducting block is inclined, the difference in rolling amount of the needle bearings on both sides is converted into axial compensation through the inclined surface, and the L-shaped lever of the pressure feedback device drives the overflow valve to dynamically adjust the pressure of the corresponding side hydraulic cylinder, so as to realize pressure balance; According to the deviation between the real-time pressure and the preset threshold value, the controller PID control board outputs a PWM signal to adjust the torque of the servo motor, so that the pressure increasing speed matches the target curve; When the real-time pressure reaches 3000N and the laser displacement sensor detects that the stack height is stable in the interval of 189.5-190.5mm, it enters the pressure maintaining stage, which lasts for 15s; During this period, the torque of the servo motor is constant, the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is stable, the overflow valve maintains a fixed opening, and the pressure block spring adapts to the top surface difference to ensure uniform pressure;

[0087] The controller issues a pressure relief command, the servo motor reverses, and the pressure head rises to the upper limit along the guide optical axis; The rod cavity of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is filled with oil, the piston rod is retracted, the pressure conducting block moves up, the needle bearing and the wedge-shaped slide rail are out of contact, the laminated sheet pressing plate is reset, the overflow valve is closed, and the hydraulic system is relieved; The first and second stepper motors are reversed, the first and second alignment plates are withdrawn to the outside along the guide rail, and the silicon steel sheet stack is released.

[0088] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments and that the present application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. The embodiments should therefore be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the above description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No reference signs in the claims should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims with respect to the figures of the patent document.

Claims

1. A silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure, characterized in that: It includes a C-shaped frame (1), a pressure transmission block (6) and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19). The double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the C-shaped frame (1), and the output end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) is provided with a pressure transmission block (6). The pressure transmission block (6) has a cross-shaped oil guide groove (10) milled at the bottom of its outer wall. Two rows of needle roller bearings (8) are symmetrically installed on the side of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block (6). A stacked pressure plate (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block (6). An annular oil cavity (9) is opened at the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate (7). The annular oil cavity (9) is connected to the oil guide groove (10). A pressure sensing membrane (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate (7). A strain gauge (12) is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing membrane (11). The bottom of the upper crossbeam of the C-type frame (1) has three T-slots (2), each T-slot (2) is fitted with a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat (3), the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat (3) is machined with a spherical recess (4), and the center of the pressure transmission block (6) has a blind hole with an internal thread. A double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) is suspended below the hydraulic cylinder mounting base (3). A hemispherical boss (18) is welded to the top of the outer wall of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19). The hemispherical boss (18) matches the spherical recess (4). The piston rod (5) set at both ends of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) has an external thread at the end. The piston rod (5) is connected to the pressure transmission block (6) through the external thread. An oil distribution block (21) is set inside the oil inlet (20). Three oil passages (22) are drilled inside the oil distribution block (21). An overflow valve (23) is fixedly installed at the inlet of the oil passage (22). The outlet of the oil passage (22) is connected to the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) through a high-pressure hose. The upper crossbeam is welded to the outer side of the wall with a wedge-shaped slide rail (34), which slides in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the needle roller bearing (8). When the pressure head (43) tilts due to uneven silicon steel sheet stacking, the needle roller bearing (8) rolls along the wedge-shaped inclined surface. The angle of the inclined surface converts the radial displacement into axial compensation. The bottom of the outer wall of the pressure head (43) is fixedly installed with an elastic connector (44). The top of the outer wall of the pressure head (43) is fixedly installed with a connecting plate (45). The top of the outer wall of the connecting plate (45) is fixedly connected with a lifting drive block (46). The lower pressing surface of the pressure head (43) is parallel to the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate (7).

2. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plunger sleeve (13) is fixedly installed on the worktable surface at the top of the outer wall of the C-type frame (1). A spring plunger (14) is fixedly installed inside the plunger sleeve (13). A ball head support (15) is welded to the top of the outer wall of the spring plunger (14). The top of the outer wall of the ball head support (15) supports the spindle positioning plate (16). A ball socket (17) is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the spindle positioning plate (16). The ball socket (17) is connected to the ball head support (15). The bottom of the plunger sleeve (13) is drilled with an exhaust hole. The bottom of the spring plunger (14) is opened with an annular oil cavity (9) and filled with molybdenum disulfide grease. The annular oil cavity (9) is connected to the oil collection ring (30) through a radial oil hole. The oil collection ring (30) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the stacked plate (7). The outlet of the oil collection ring (30) is connected to the vacuum tank through a copper pipe.

3. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control port of the overflow valve (23) is connected to the pressure feedback device (24) through a copper pipe. The pressure feedback device (24) includes a base (26), an L-shaped lever (27) and a compression spring (28). The shaft hole of the base (26) is connected to the hinge shaft (29), and the hinge shaft (29) is connected to the hinge hole of the L-shaped lever (27). The compression spring (28) is coaxially sleeved on the long arm end of the L-shaped lever (27). The short arm of the L-shaped lever (27) contacts the pressure sensing diaphragm (11), and the long arm drives the guide core of the overflow valve (23). The bottom of the outer wall of the compression spring (28) is pressed with a first washer (31), the first washer (31) is bonded to the outer wall of the base (26), the top of the outer wall of the compression spring (28) is pressed with a second washer (32), the outer wall of the second washer (32) is provided with an adjusting screw (33), and the adjusting screw (33) is screwed into the long arm end of the L-shaped lever (27).

4. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer wall of the stacked plate (7) is fixedly installed with a sensing contact (25). The sensing contact (25) is connected to the sensing probe of the pressure sensor. The signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller (35). The output end of the controller (35) is connected to the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism respectively.

5. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacked plate (7) is symmetrically arranged with first guide rails (36) in the horizontal direction. The first guide rails (36) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame (1). The first guide rails (36) are slidably connected to the first slider (38). The outer wall of the first slider (38) is fixedly installed with a first alignment plate (39). The inner sides of the first alignment plates (39) are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the first alignment plates (39) is connected to a first driving mechanism to drive the first slider (38) to move along the first guide rails (36). The stacked plate pressure plate (7) is symmetrically arranged with a second guide rail (37) in the vertical direction. The second guide rail (37) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame (1). The second guide rail (37) is slidably connected to the second slider (40). The second alignment plate (41) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second slider (40). The inner sides of the second alignment plate (41) are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the second alignment plate (41) is connected to the second drive mechanism to drive the second slider (40) to move along the second guide rail (37).

6. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the outer wall of the mandrel positioning plate (16) is inlaid with a positioning block (42), and a V-shaped groove is opened at the top of the outer wall of the positioning block (42). A negative pressure hole is drilled at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the negative pressure hole is connected to the vacuum pipeline. The lead wire of the strain gauge (12) passes through the ceramic guide sleeve and connects to the brush slip ring (47). The moving ring of the brush slip ring (47) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stacked plate (7), and the stationary ring of the brush slip ring (47) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the insulating bracket. The insulating bracket is pressed against the column at the top of the outer wall of the C-type frame (1) by a butterfly spring.

7. A silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide sleeve (48) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate (45). The guide sleeve (48) is sleeved with the guide optical shaft (49). The guide optical shaft (49) is fixedly installed on the rear end of the outer wall of the C-type frame (1). The axis of the guide optical shaft (49) is parallel to the axis of the ball screw, and the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the top of the outer wall of the stacked plate (7). Polyurethane cushioning pads are attached to the inner surfaces of the first alignment plate (39) and the second alignment plate (41).

8. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal output terminal of the strain gauge (12) is connected to the analog input port of the controller (35), and the controller (35) has a built-in PID control board; The input end of the PID control board receives the deviation between the deformation electrical signal of the strain gauge (12) and the preset pressure threshold, and the output end generates a PWM control signal to drive the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism. The first drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the horizontal displacement of the first alignment plate (39), and the second drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the vertical displacement of the second alignment plate (41).

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