Explosive cladding tube plate and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an explosive composite tube plate and a manufacturing method thereof.The explosive composite tube plate comprises a base layer, a covering layer and a buffer protection layer, the base layer and the covering layer are both subjected to surface pretreatment, the covering layer is subjected to vacuum solid solution aging heat treatment, and the base layer and the covering layer are connected in an explosive composite welding mode; the covering layer is arranged on the upper surface of the base layer, and the area of the covering layer is larger than that of the base layer; the base layer is made of a TA2 titanium plate, and the coating layer is made of 316L stainless steel; and the buffer protection layer is arranged on the upper surface of the covering layer. The strength, toughness and welding capacity of the surface layer can be improved, the buffer protection layer is arranged on the upper surface of the covering layer, deformation of the upper surface of the covering layer is reduced, the surface roughness of the material is ensured, the use limitation of the tube plate is reduced, and the tube plate adapts to various complex corrosion industry and mining, so that the tube plate can stably run for a long time in a strong corrosion scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite plate manufacturing technology, and in particular to an explosive composite tube sheet and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers, as key equipment for heat exchange in industry and daily life, are widely used in power, food, metallurgy, petrochemical, energy, and marine engineering fields. The tube sheet, as the core component connecting the tube bundle and the shell in these devices, plays a crucial role in fixing the tube bundle, separating different media, and withstanding the operating pressure of the equipment. Its performance directly determines not only the operating efficiency of the equipment but also its overall service life and safety. Any tube sheet failure can lead to equipment downtime and even serious production accidents and economic losses.

[0003] As global industry moves towards extreme operating conditions involving high temperatures, high pressures, and high corrosion, tube sheet performance faces unprecedented challenges. In critical production processes such as hydrocracking and polymerization reactions in the chemical industry, tube sheets within equipment must operate for extended periods in high-temperature, high-pressure, and highly corrosive media. Maintaining structural stability and ensuring secure tube bundle connections are crucial, while preventing media leakage and equipment damage caused by corrosion is paramount; otherwise, product quality and production efficiency will be severely impacted. In the energy sector, tube sheets in heat exchangers on offshore oil exploration platforms are subjected to prolonged immersion in seawater and wave impacts. In such harsh environments, even slight deficiencies in tube sheet strength and corrosion resistance can lead to equipment failure, affecting crude oil extraction progress and platform safety. Simultaneously, driven by environmental awareness, industrial equipment seeks higher operating efficiency and longer service life. As a core component of such equipment, the performance of the tube sheet directly impacts the overall efficiency of the equipment.

[0004] Commonly used heat exchanger tube sheet materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloys. While carbon steel tube sheets are low in cost, their corrosion resistance is questionable. They are highly susceptible to corrosion in industrial cooling water containing chloride and sulfide ions, with pitting and crevice corrosion particularly prone to occur at welds, leading to leaks. Furthermore, carbon steel has limited temperature resistance; its strength decreases and it is prone to creep at high temperatures, limiting its application in high-temperature conditions. Although stainless steel generally has better corrosion resistance than carbon steel, it still suffers from pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in chloride-containing media. For example, in the ammonium chloride section of soda ash production, chloride-containing mother liquor corrodes stainless steel tube sheets, and its high cost increases equipment manufacturing costs. Titanium tube sheets offer excellent corrosion resistance, but their high price keeps manufacturing costs high. Additionally, titanium's high chemical reactivity means it easily reacts with cutting tools during processing, causing tool wear and reducing processing efficiency. Its relatively scarce resources also affect supply stability, posing a risk of resource shortages for large-scale applications.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an explosive composite tube sheet that can adapt to various complex corrosion conditions and withstand pressure and impact under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure while maintaining structural stability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an explosive composite tube sheet that can withstand pressure and impact and maintain structural stability under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, so as to solve the problem of the limitations of existing single tube sheet materials. The explosive composite tube sheet of the present invention has both wear resistance and high strength, can adapt to a variety of complex corrosion conditions, has a stable structure, and can operate stably for a long time in corrosive environments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention is as follows: an explosive composite tube sheet, comprising: a base layer, a cladding layer, and a buffer protective layer, wherein the base layer and the cladding layer are both subjected to surface pretreatment, and the cladding layer is subjected to vacuum solution aging heat treatment; the base layer and the cladding layer are connected by explosive composite welding; the cladding layer is disposed on the upper surface of the base layer and the area of ​​the cladding layer is larger than the area of ​​the base layer; the base layer is made of TA2 titanium plate, and the cladding layer is made of 316L stainless steel; the buffer protective layer is disposed on the upper surface of the cladding layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer protective layer is made of rubber.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the rubber layer is set to 2–5 mm.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet, for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Polish the upper surface of the TA2 titanium plate and the lower surface of the 316L stainless steel plate.

[0012] S2. The polished surface is shot peened using ceramic shot with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.5 mm and a shot peening intensity of 0.4 to 0.8 A.

[0013] S3. Install an explosive base, use the hard ground as the explosion site, and lay a layer of rubber mat;

[0014] S4. Calculate the explosion parameters using the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] h = 0.25(h1 + H);

[0017] In the formula, V cCritical collision velocity; Re is the Relow number, taken as Re = 10.6; HV1 is the Vickers hardness of the cladding plate; HV2 is the Vickers hardness of the substrate; H is the explosive thickness; ρ1 is the material density of the cladding plate; ρ2 is the material density of the substrate; h1 is the thickness of the cladding plate; h2 is the thickness of the substrate; L1 is the distance from the center of the cladding plate to the farthest edge; h is the spacing between the base and cladding plates.

[0018] S5. Lay the TA2 titanium plate as a substrate on the rubber pad, apply an active agent to the shot-peened surface of the TA2 titanium plate, place multiple support blocks according to the explosion parameters, apply an active agent to the shot-peened surface of the 316L stainless steel cladding plate, lay the cladding plate on the support blocks with the shot-peened surface facing down, and the area of ​​the cladding plate is larger than the area of ​​the substrate.

[0019] S6. Install a buffer protective layer on the upper surface of the cover plate, install an explosive box on the buffer protective layer, and arrange the explosives according to the explosion parameters;

[0020] S7. Install an electronic detonator at the center of the cover plate, and remotely detonate the electronic detonator when the detonation conditions are met to explosively composite the substrate and the cover plate.

[0021] S8. Process the exploded composite plate and use X-ray to inspect the processed plate for flaws. If cracks are found, mark them.

[0022] S9. Based on the crack markings, repair the exploded composite plate by welding until the flaw detection is qualified;

[0023] S10. Vacuum quenching and solution treatment is performed on the explosive composite plate after the flaw detection is qualified.

[0024] S11. The exploded composite plate after vacuum quenching and solution treatment is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 400-600℃ and a holding time of 480-720 minutes.

[0025] S12. Level and mechanically polish the aging-treated explosion-proof composite plate to remove surface release agent residue and oxide scale;

[0026] S13. Passivate the polished explosive composite plate, clean the composite plate and dry it with compressed air to obtain TA2-316L explosive composite tube sheet.

[0027] Furthermore, the activator is a mixture of 70-90% organic solvent, 5-10% resin, 3-5% Ni-based self-melting gold powder with FSSS particle size of 200 mesh, 1-2% zinc chloride, and 0.2-1.0% sodium borate by mass ratio.

[0028] Furthermore, the organic solvent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and the main component of the nickel-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-B-Si, with the grade Ni45.

[0029] Further, in step S10, the vacuum quenching specifically involves: placing the composite plate in a horizontal vacuum furnace, performing vacuum treatment, setting the vacuum degree to ≤5 bar, heating to 900~950℃, holding for 240~480 minutes, reheating to 1050~1100℃, holding for 100~200 minutes, and then water cooling to room temperature.

[0030] Furthermore, the explosive is a powdered emulsion explosive with a density of 0.5–1.0 g / cm³ and a detonation velocity of 1800–3000 m / s.

[0031] Furthermore, prior to step S10, the method further includes: applying an epoxy resin release agent to the surface of the composite board.

[0032] Furthermore, the passivation treatment employs a spraying device to uniformly spray the passivation solution onto the surface of the composite plate. The passivation solution is a nitric acid solution with a volume fraction of 20% to 50%, the spraying temperature is 21 to 38°C, and the treatment time is 30 to 90 minutes.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: It comprises a base layer, a cladding layer, and a buffer protective layer; surface pretreatment of the base layer and cladding layer improves the bonding strength between them; vacuum solution aging heat treatment is applied to the cladding layer to improve its hardness and wear resistance; explosive composite welding is used to connect the base layer and cladding layer, ensuring the cladding layer is located on the upper surface of the base layer and its area is larger than that of the base layer, thus achieving overall coverage of the base layer; the base layer is made of TA2 titanium plate to improve the corrosion resistance of the tube sheet; the cladding layer is made of 316L stainless steel to enhance the surface strength, toughness, and weldability; the buffer protective layer is placed on the upper surface of the cladding layer to reduce deformation of the upper surface of the cladding layer and ensure the surface roughness of the material, reducing the limitations of the tube sheet's use and adapting to various complex corrosive environments, thereby enabling long-term stable operation in highly corrosive scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosive composite tube sheet in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive welding arrangement of an explosive composite tube sheet in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In one embodiment, an explosive composite tube sheet is provided, comprising: a base layer 10, a cladding layer 20, and a buffer protective layer 30; both the base layer 10 and the cladding layer 20 undergo surface pretreatment, and the cladding layer 20 undergoes vacuum solution aging heat treatment; the base layer 10 and the cladding layer 20 are connected by explosive composite welding; the cladding layer 20 is disposed on the upper surface of the base layer 10 and the area of ​​the cladding layer 20 is larger than the area of ​​the base layer 10; the base layer 10 is made of TA2 titanium plate, and the cladding layer 20 is made of 316L stainless steel; the buffer protective layer 30 is disposed on the upper surface of the cladding layer 20.

[0039] In this embodiment, a base layer 10, a cladding layer 20, and a buffer protective layer 30 are provided. The base layer 10 and the cladding layer 20 undergo surface pretreatment to improve the bonding strength between them. The cladding layer 20 undergoes vacuum solution aging heat treatment to improve its hardness and wear resistance. The base layer 10 and the cladding layer 20 are connected by explosive composite welding, so that the cladding layer 20 is located on the upper surface of the base layer 10 and its area is larger than that of the base layer 10, thus achieving complete coverage of the base layer 10. The base layer 10 is made of TA2 titanium plate to improve the corrosion resistance of the tube sheet. The cladding layer 20 is made of 316L stainless steel to improve the strength, toughness, and weldability of the surface layer. The buffer protective layer 30 is placed on the upper surface of the cladding layer 20 to reduce deformation of the upper surface of the cladding layer and ensure the surface roughness of the material, thereby reducing the limitations of the tube sheet's use and adapting it to various complex corrosive mining environments, enabling it to operate stably for a long time in highly corrosive environments.

[0040] Among them, surface pretreatment is used to improve the surface activity of the explosive composite metal, thereby improving the bonding strength between the base layer and the coating.

[0041] The buffer protective layer 30 is made of rubber.

[0042] Specifically, in order to reduce the deformation of the upper surface of 316L stainless steel and ensure the surface roughness of the material, a buffer protective layer 30 is prepared using rubber for coating protection.

[0043] The thickness of the rubber layer can be set to 2-5 mm.

[0044] When performing explosive welding of composite tube sheets, the welding arrangement is as follows: Figure 2As shown, rubber pads, TA2 titanium plates 40, wooden pads, 316L stainless steel 50, rubber layers 60, emulsion explosives and electronic detonators are laid sequentially from bottom to top on a rigid base. After the laying is completed, explosive welding is carried out when the explosion conditions are met, thereby obtaining the above-mentioned high-strength and corrosion-resistant TA2-316L composite tube sheet material.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet is also provided, for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1: Polish the upper surface of the TA2 titanium plate and the lower surface of the 316 stainless steel plate;

[0047] S2: The polished surface is shot peened using ceramic shot with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.5 mm and a shot peening intensity of 0.4 to 0.8 A.

[0048] S3: Install an explosive base, use the hard ground as the explosion site, and lay a layer of rubber mat;

[0049] S4: Calculate the explosion parameters using the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] h = 0.25(h1 + H);

[0052] In the formula, V c ρ1 is the critical collision velocity; Re is the Relow number, taken as Re = 10.6; HV1 is the Vickers hardness of the cladding plate; HV2 is the Vickers hardness of the substrate; H is the explosive thickness; ρ1 is the material density of the cladding plate, TA2 density is 4.51 g / cm3; ρ2 is the material density of the substrate, 316L stainless steel density is 7.98 g / cm3; h1 is the thickness of the cladding plate; h2 is the thickness of the substrate; L1 is the distance from the center of the cladding plate to the farthest edge; h is the spacing between the base and cladding plates.

[0053] S5: TA2 titanium plate is laid on the buffer protective layer as a substrate. An active agent is applied to the shot-peened surface of the TA2 titanium plate. Multiple support blocks are placed according to the explosion parameters. An active agent is applied to the shot-peened surface of the 316L stainless steel cladding plate. The cladding plate is laid on the support blocks with the shot-peened surface facing down and the cladding plate area is larger than the substrate area, so as to achieve overall coverage of the substrate during the welding process.

[0054] S6: Install a buffer protective layer on the upper surface of the cover plate, install an explosive box on the buffer protective layer, and arrange the explosives according to the explosion parameters;

[0055] S7: Install an electronic detonator at the center of the cladding plate. When the detonation conditions are met, remotely detonate the electronic detonator to perform explosive bonding of the substrate and the cladding plate.

[0056] S8: The exploded composite plate is processed and X-ray is used to detect flaws in the processed plate. If cracks are found, they are marked.

[0057] S9: Based on the crack markings, perform repair welding on the exploded composite plate until the flaw detection is qualified;

[0058] S10: Vacuum quenching and solution treatment is performed on the explosive composite plate that has passed the flaw detection.

[0059] S11: Aging treatment is performed on the exploded composite plate after vacuum quenching and solution treatment. The aging temperature is 400-600℃ and the holding time is 480-720 minutes.

[0060] S12: Leveling and mechanically polishing the aging-treated exploded composite plate to remove surface release agent residue and oxide scale;

[0061] S13: The polished explosive composite plate is passivated, cleaned and dried with compressed air to obtain TA2-316L explosive composite tube sheet.

[0062] In this embodiment, a high-strength, corrosion-resistant, low-cost, and easy-to-weld composite material is provided through explosive welding-vacuum solution strengthening-aging strengthening-passivation. This overcomes the limitations of using single tube sheet materials, can adapt to various complex corrosion conditions, can withstand pressure and impact under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure and maintain structural stability, and can operate stably for a long time in highly corrosive scenarios such as chemical industry and marine engineering.

[0063] Compared with conventional single tube sheet materials, the high-strength and corrosion-resistant explosion-proof composite plate provided by this invention reduces the amount of titanium material used while ensuring sufficient strength and wear resistance of the tube sheet, significantly reducing costs. At the same time, it solves the problem of high processing difficulty of titanium tube sheets, effectively reducing production and manufacturing costs and ensuring the needs of large-scale production.

[0064] The activator is composed of 70-90% organic solvent, 5%-10% resin, 3-5% Ni-based self-fluxing gold powder with FSSS particle size of 200 mesh, 1%-2% zinc chloride and 0.2-1.0% sodium borate by mass ratio.

[0065] The organic solvent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and the main component of the nickel-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-B-Si, with the grade Ni45A.

[0066] In step S10, the vacuum quenching step specifically involves: placing the composite plate in a horizontal vacuum furnace, performing vacuum treatment, setting the vacuum degree to ≤5 bar, heating to 900~950℃, holding for 240~480 minutes, reheating to 1050~1100℃, holding for 100~200 minutes, and then water cooling to room temperature.

[0067] The explosive used is a powdered emulsion explosive with a density of 0.5–1.0 g / cm³ and a detonation velocity of 1800–3000 m / s.

[0068] In step S10, before vacuum quenching, an epoxy resin release agent is applied to the surface of the composite plate.

[0069] The passivation treatment involves using a spraying device to evenly spray the passivation solution onto the surface of the composite board. The passivation solution is a nitric acid solution with a volume fraction of 20% to 50%, the spraying temperature is 21 to 38°C, and the treatment time is 30 to 90 minutes.

[0070] Specifically, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of composite tube sheets, the surface of the composite tube sheet can be passivated. During the passivation process, a spraying device is used to evenly spray the passivation solution onto the surface of the composite tube sheet.

[0071] The manufacturing method of the above-mentioned explosive composite tube sheet will be further described below with reference to the embodiments:

[0072] S21. Prepare a 150*150*δ40mm TA2 steel plate and a 160*160*30mm 316L stainless steel plate, and polish the upper surface of the TA2 steel plate and the lower surface of the stainless steel plate to achieve a surface gloss Ra≤0.8.

[0073] S22. The polished surface is shot peened with Φ1.5mm ceramic shot at a shot peening intensity of 0.6A.

[0074] S23. Install the explosive base, select a hard ground as the explosion site, and then lay a 5mm thick rubber pad.

[0075] S24. Explosion parameters calculation: explosive thickness H is 7.2 mm, plate spacing h is 40 mm; critical collision point velocity is 2378 m / s.

[0076] S25. For the installation of the explosive composite, first, a TA2 steel plate is laid on a rubber pad as a base plate. Then, an active agent is applied to the TA2 shot-peened surface. Then, several support blocks are placed according to the parameters. An active agent is applied to the polished surface of the stainless steel cladding plate. Finally, a 316L stainless steel cladding plate is laid on the support blocks with the shot-peened surface facing down and the cladding plate area being larger than the base plate area.

[0077] Furthermore, the activator is a suspension composed of 85% ethylene glycol, 7% resin, 5% FSSS Ni45A self-fluxing gold powder with a particle size of 200 mesh, 2% zinc chloride, and 1.0% sodium borate by mass ratio.

[0078] S26. Install a buffer protective layer, lay the protective layer on the upper surface of the stainless steel, the protective layer being a 4mm rubber layer;

[0079] S27. Install the explosive box and arrange the powdered emulsion explosive according to the calculated parameters, with a density of 0.8 g / cm3 and a detonation velocity of 25000 m / s;

[0080] S29. Install an electronic detonator in the center of the cover plate and detonate it remotely when the detonation conditions are met.

[0081] S30. Process the exploded composite material, and cut off the edges and corners directly.

[0082] S31. Perform X-ray flaw detection on the processed board material and mark the cracks with a paint pen;

[0083] S32. Based on the flaw detection results, perform repair welding on the composite plate;

[0084] S33. Apply epoxy resin release agent to the surface of the composite board after the flaw detection is qualified, and then perform vacuum solution treatment. During vacuum solution treatment, place the composite board in a horizontal vacuum furnace, then evacuate the vacuum to a vacuum degree ≤5 bar, heat to 950℃, keep warm for 360 minutes, then heat to 1100℃, keep warm for 160 minutes, and finally water cool to room temperature.

[0085] S34. The composite board after vacuum solution treatment is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 600℃ for 600 minutes.

[0086] S35. The composite board after aging treatment is leveled and mechanically polished to remove the release agent residue and oxide scale on the surface;

[0087] S36. Passivate the polished composite board to further improve its corrosion resistance.

[0088] Furthermore, the passivation treatment employs a spraying device to uniformly spray the passivation solution onto the surface of the composite board; the passivation solution is a 35% nitric acid solution by volume, the spraying temperature is 28℃, and the treatment time is 60 minutes.

[0089] S37. Rinse the passivated composite board thoroughly with plenty of water and dry it with compressed air; then cut it into 40*40 sample blocks for hardness testing. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0090] Table 1. Hardness comparison before and after vacuum solution treatment

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Obviously, after vacuum solution treatment, the hardness of 316L stainless steel will not change significantly, while the hardness of TA2 titanium plate will increase significantly, which can improve the hardness and wear resistance of composite tube sheet.

[0094] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0095] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An explosive composite tube sheet, characterized in that, include: Base layer, overlay, and buffer protective layer; Both the base layer and the cladding layer have undergone surface pretreatment, and the cladding layer has undergone vacuum solution aging heat treatment. The base layer and the cladding layer are connected by explosive composite welding. The cladding layer is disposed on the upper surface of the base layer and the area of ​​the cladding layer is larger than the area of ​​the base layer. The base layer is made of TA2 titanium plate, and the cladding is made of 316L stainless steel. The buffer protective layer is disposed on the upper surface of the cover.

2. The explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer protective layer is made of rubber.

3. The explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the rubber layer is set to 2-5 mm.

4. A method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet as described in any one of claims 1-3 includes the following steps: S1. Polish the upper surface of the TA2 titanium plate and the lower surface of the 316L stainless steel plate. S2. The polished surface is shot peened using ceramic shot with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.5 mm and a shot peening intensity of 0.4 to 0.8 A. S3. Install an explosive base, use the hard ground as the explosion site, and lay a layer of rubber mat; S4. Calculate the explosion parameters using the following formula: h = 0.25(h1 + H); In the formula, V c Critical collision velocity; Re is the Relow number, taken as Re = 10.6; HV1 is the Vickers hardness of the cladding plate; HV2 is the Vickers hardness of the substrate; H is the explosive thickness; ρ1 is the material density of the cladding plate; ρ2 is the material density of the substrate; h1 is the thickness of the cladding plate; h2 is the thickness of the substrate; L1 is the distance from the center of the cladding plate to the farthest edge; h is the spacing between the base and cladding plates. S5. Lay the TA2 titanium plate as a substrate on the rubber pad, apply an active agent to the shot-peened surface of the TA2 titanium plate, place multiple support blocks according to the explosion parameters, apply an active agent to the shot-peened surface of the 316L stainless steel cladding plate, lay the cladding plate on the support blocks with the shot-peened surface facing down, and the area of ​​the cladding plate is larger than the area of ​​the substrate. S6. Install a buffer protective layer on the upper surface of the cover plate, install an explosive box on the buffer protective layer, and arrange the explosives according to the explosion parameters; S7. Install an electronic detonator at the center of the cover plate, and remotely detonate the electronic detonator when the detonation conditions are met to explosively composite the substrate and the cover plate. S8. Process the exploded composite plate and use X-ray to inspect the processed plate for flaws. If cracks are found, mark them. S9. Based on the crack markings, repair the exploded composite plate by welding until the flaw detection is qualified; S10. Vacuum quenching and solution treatment is performed on the explosive composite plate after the flaw detection is qualified. S11. The exploded composite plate after vacuum quenching and solution treatment is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 400-600℃ and a holding time of 480-720 minutes. S12. Level and mechanically polish the aging-treated explosion-proof composite plate to remove surface release agent residue and oxide scale; S13. Passivate the polished explosive composite plate, clean the composite plate and dry it with compressed air to obtain TA2-316L explosive composite tube sheet.

5. The method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The activator is a mixture of 70-90% organic solvent, 5-10% resin, 3-5% Ni-based self-melting gold powder with FSSS particle size of 200 mesh, 1-2% zinc chloride, and 0.2-1.0% sodium borate by mass ratio.

6. The method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The organic solvent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and the main component of the nickel-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-B-Si, with the grade Ni45.

7. The method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S10, the vacuum quenching specifically involves: The composite board is placed in a horizontal vacuum furnace and vacuumed. The vacuum level is set to ≤5 bar. The temperature is heated to 900-950℃ and held for 240-480 minutes. The temperature is then raised to 1050-1100℃ and held for 100-200 minutes before being water-cooled to room temperature.

8. The method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The explosive is a powdered emulsion explosive with a density of 0.5–1.0 g / cm³ and a detonation velocity of 1800–3000 m / s.

9. A method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before step S10, the method further includes: applying an epoxy resin release agent to the surface of the composite board.

10. A method for manufacturing an explosive composite tube sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The passivation treatment involves spraying a passivation solution evenly onto the surface of the composite board using a spraying device. The passivation solution is a nitric acid solution with a volume fraction of 20% to 50%, the spraying temperature is 21 to 38°C, and the treatment time is 30 to 90 minutes.

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