Shell assembly of electric drive system, electric drive system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a shell assembly of an electric drive system, an electric drive assembly and a vehicle. The shell assembly comprises a front drive oil inlet, a rear drive oil inlet, a motor mounting cavity, an oil pump mounting cavity and an output shaft cavity. The front-drive oil inlet and the rear-drive oil inlet are both communicated with the oil pump mounting cavity, the front-drive oil inlet and the rear-drive oil inlet are arranged in the circumferential direction of the output shaft cavity, and the included angle between the connecting line of the front-drive oil inlet and the output shaft cavity and the included angle between the connecting line of the rear-drive oil inlet and the output shaft cavity range from 39 degrees to 73 degrees; the oil pump mounting cavity communicates with the motor mounting cavity. Under the scene that the driving system is used as a precursor, the precursor oil inlet is located at the low point and serves as an oil suction opening; under the scene that the driving system is used as a rear drive, the rear drive oil inlet is located at the low point and serves as the oil suction port, the situation that after the electric drive system rotates by an angle, the position of the oil inlet changes, and consequently oil inlet of the electric drive system is affected is avoided, and in other words, stable oil suction of the oil pump assembly is achieved under the different installation angle states of the electric drive system; and the lubricating effect of the electric drive system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of electric drive systems, and particularly to a housing assembly, an electric drive system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] For high-performance pure electric off-road vehicles, a distributed electric drive system is usually used for both front and rear wheels. The electric drive system that drives the front wheels is an auxiliary drive, while the electric drive system that drives the rear wheels is an active drive.

[0003] The electric drive system at the front wheels is usually called front-wheel drive, and the electric drive system at the rear wheels is usually called rear-wheel drive. Currently, the structures of front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive are the same to reduce development costs. However, due to space limitations in the front compartment, such as interference from the crossbeams of the chassis, front-wheel drive needs to be rotated a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane to meet the requirements of the layout space compared to rear-wheel drive. However, after the rotation angle is arranged, the oil pump of the front-wheel drive has the problem of sucking in air during the oil suction process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a housing assembly for an electric drive system to ensure stable oil pump suction and lubrication of the electric drive system under different installation angles. Furthermore, the present invention also provides an electric drive system and a vehicle having the aforementioned housing assembly.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An electric drive system housing assembly includes: a front drive oil inlet, a rear drive oil inlet, a motor mounting cavity, an oil pump mounting cavity, and an output shaft cavity; the front drive oil inlet and the rear drive oil inlet are both connected to the oil pump mounting cavity, the front drive oil inlet and the rear drive oil inlet are arranged circumferentially along the output shaft cavity, and the included angle between the line connecting the front drive oil inlet and the output shaft cavity and the line connecting the rear drive oil inlet and the output shaft cavity is in the range of 39° to 73°; the oil pump mounting cavity is connected to the motor mounting cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the housing assembly further includes: an oil filter mounting cavity, which is connected to both the front drive oil inlet and the rear drive oil inlet, and is connected to the oil pump mounting cavity; the oil filter mounting cavity and the oil pump mounting cavity are arranged perpendicularly.

[0008] Preferably, the housing assembly further includes: an oil cooler outlet and an oil cooler inlet; the oil cooler inlet is connected to the oil pump mounting cavity; and the oil cooler outlet is connected to the motor mounting cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the housing assembly further includes: a first main oil passage, a second main oil passage, a third main oil passage, and an oil distribution groove; the oil cooler outlet is connected to the first main oil passage, the first main oil passage is connected to the second main oil passage, the third main oil passage extends along the thickness direction of the housing assembly, and one end of the third main oil passage along the thickness direction is connected to the second main oil passage, and the oil distribution groove is formed on the side wall of the other end of the third main oil passage along the thickness direction, and the oil distribution groove is connected to the motor mounting cavity.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-described housing assembly, the motor mounting cavity has a front oil return port and a rear oil return port; the front oil return port is located on the side wall of the motor mounting cavity, and the rear oil return port is located at the bottom of the groove of the motor mounting cavity.

[0011] An electric drive system includes a housing assembly, an oil filter assembly, an oil pump assembly, an oil cooler assembly, and a motor assembly; wherein the housing assembly is any one of the housing assemblies described above, the oil filter assembly is installed in the oil filter mounting cavity of the housing assembly, the oil pump assembly is installed in the oil pump mounting cavity of the housing assembly, the oil cooler assembly connects the oil cooler outlet and the oil cooler inlet of the housing assembly, the motor assembly is installed in the motor mounting cavity of the housing assembly, and the oil pump assembly draws lubricating oil from the front drive oil inlet or the rear drive oil inlet to lubricate the motor assembly.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-described electric drive system, the motor assembly includes: an end cover assembly, a stator, a rotor, and a motor shaft, wherein the motor shaft is a hollow shaft; the rotor is sleeved on the outside of the motor shaft, the stator is sleeved on the outside of the rotor, the end cover assembly is located at the opening end of the motor mounting cavity of the housing assembly, and is connected to the housing assembly; the third main oil passage of the housing assembly communicates with the hollow region of the motor shaft through the end cover assembly, the motor shaft has a radially penetrating through hole, the through hole communicates with the hollow region of the motor shaft, and the through hole is opposite to the rotor sleeved on the motor shaft.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-described electric drive system, the rotor includes: a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, and a rotor body; the front cover plate and the rear cover plate are arranged at both ends of the rotor body along the axial direction of the motor shaft, and the axial direction is the same as the thickness direction of the housing assembly;

[0014] At least one of the front end cover plate and the rear end cover plate has an oil inlet channel communicating with a through hole of the motor shaft, and the other has an oil outlet; the rotor body has a lubricating oil passage communicating with the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-described electric drive system, the through hole of the motor shaft includes a front oil outlet and a rear oil outlet; the front end cover includes a first oil inlet channel, a first oil distribution channel, and a first oil outlet, the first oil inlet channel being an annular channel, connecting the front oil outlet of the motor shaft with the first oil distribution channel, and multiple first oil distribution channels can be arranged along the circumferential direction of the first oil inlet channel; the rear end cover includes a second oil inlet channel, a second oil distribution channel, and a second oil outlet, the second oil inlet channel being an annular channel, connecting the rear oil outlet of the motor shaft with the second oil distribution channel, and multiple second oil distribution channels can be arranged along the circumferential direction of the second oil inlet channel; the first oil distribution channel and the second oil distribution channel are staggered along the axial direction.

[0016] Preferably, the above-described electric drive system further includes a front oil-drenching ring; the front oil-drenching ring is located on one side of the stator along the axial direction of the motor shaft, sleeved on the front end of the stator winding, the front oil-drenching ring is sealed to the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity, and the front oil-drenching ring is sealed to the side of the main body of the stator near the front end of the stator winding; a first accommodating cavity is formed between the front oil-drenching ring, the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity, and the side of the main body near the front end of the stator winding, the first accommodating cavity is connected to the oil distribution groove of the housing assembly; the front oil-drenching ring has a spray nozzle facing the front end of the stator winding.

[0017] Preferably, the above-described electric drive system further includes a rear oil-draining ring; the rear oil-draining ring is located on the other side of the stator along the axial direction of the motor shaft, sleeved on the rear end of the stator winding, the rear oil-draining ring is sealed to the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity, and the rear oil-draining ring is sealed to the side of the stator body near the rear end of the stator winding; a second accommodating cavity is formed between the rear oil-draining ring, the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity, and the side of the body near the rear end of the stator winding; the stator body is fixedly connected to the motor mounting cavity, and there is a gap between the stator body and the motor mounting cavity communicating the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity;

[0018] The rear oil spray ring has an oil spray nozzle facing the rear end of the stator winding.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-described electric drive system, the area of ​​all the spray nozzles is smaller than the area of ​​the flow surface of the oil distribution tank.

[0020] A vehicle comprising front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive; wherein the front-wheel drive is an electric drive system as described in any of the preceding claims, and the rear-wheel drive oil inlet of the front-wheel drive is blocked; and / or, the rear-wheel drive is an electric drive system as described in any of the preceding claims, and the front-wheel drive oil inlet of the rear-wheel drive is blocked.

[0021] Preferably, in the above-described vehicle, the line connecting the front-drive motor shaft and the output shaft is arranged at an angle of 75°-90° with respect to the horizontal plane; and / or, the line connecting the rear-drive motor shaft and the output shaft is arranged at an angle of 35°-50° with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0022] This invention discloses a housing assembly for an electric drive system. The housing assembly has a front-drive oil inlet and a rear-drive oil inlet, both of which are connected to the oil pump mounting cavity. When the drive system is used as a front-drive system, the front-drive oil inlet is located at the lowest point and is selected as the oil suction port. When the drive system is used as a rear-drive system, the rear-drive oil inlet is located at the lowest point and is selected as the oil suction port. Therefore, the oil inlets corresponding to whether the electric drive system is used as a front-drive or rear-drive system are located at the lowest point. This helps to avoid the oil inlet position changing after the electric drive system rotates, thus affecting the oil intake of the electric drive system. In other words, it achieves stable oil suction of the oil pump assembly under different installation angles of the electric drive system, ensuring the lubrication effect of the electric drive system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric drive system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the electric drive system disclosed in this embodiment of the invention, in a rear-wheel drive scenario;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view of the electric drive system disclosed in this embodiment of the invention, in a scenario where it is front-wheel drive.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a side view of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a side sectional view of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention from another direction;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a side sectional view of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a side view of the end cover assembly of the motor assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a side view of the end cover assembly of the motor assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a front sectional view showing the assembly relationship between the motor assembly and the housing assembly of the electric drive system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified view of part B in the image;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a partial relationship between the motor assembly and the housing assembly of the electric drive system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the front oil-lubricating ring disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 17 for Figure 13 Sectional view of AA;

[0041] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor shaft disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 19 This is a front sectional view of the rotor and motor shaft disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 20 This is a front view of the rotor front end cover plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 21 This is a front view of the rear end cover of the rotor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 22 This is a lubrication oil circuit diagram at the rotor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed electric drive system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0049] For high-performance pure electric off-road vehicles, a distributed electric drive system is usually used for both front and rear wheels. The electric drive system that drives the front wheels is an auxiliary drive, while the electric drive system that drives the rear wheels is an active drive.

[0050] Electric drive systems at the front wheels are typically called front-wheel drive (FWD), and those at the rear wheels are typically called rear-wheel drive (RWD). Currently, FWD and RWD have the same structure to reduce development costs. However, due to space limitations in the front compartment, such as interference from the frame's crossbeams, FWD systems need to be rotated a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane to meet space requirements. But after this rotation, the front-wheel drive's oil pump suffers from cavitation during oil intake.

[0051] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this embodiment discloses an electric drive system that ensures normal oil pump suction even when the electric drive system rotates at a preset angle relative to the horizontal plane, thus enabling normal operation of the electric drive system even when installed at the front wheels of a vehicle. Furthermore, this embodiment also describes the lubrication paths of the rotor and stator of the motor assembly.

[0052] It should be noted that the angle of rotation of the electric drive system relative to the horizontal plane in this article refers to the angle of the line connecting the input shaft and the output shaft of the electric drive system relative to the horizontal plane.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the electric drive system of this embodiment includes: housing assembly 1, oil filter assembly 2, oil pump assembly 3, oil cooler assembly 4, and motor assembly 5.

[0054] Oil filter assembly 2, oil pump assembly 3, oil cooler assembly 4, and motor assembly 5 are all mounted on housing assembly 1. The connection relationships between oil filter assembly 2, oil pump assembly 3, oil cooler assembly 4, and motor assembly 5 and housing assembly 1 can be configured according to different needs.

[0055] The electric drive system in this embodiment can be installed as a front-wheel drive system at the front wheels of the vehicle, or as a rear-wheel drive system at the rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, when the electric drive system is installed as a rear-wheel drive at the rear wheel of the vehicle, the angle between the line connecting the motor shaft of the motor assembly 5 and the output shaft of the output shaft cavity 01 on the housing assembly 1 and the horizontal plane is α1. Optionally, α1 ranges from 35° to 50°, and for example, α1 is 44°. In this document, the motor shaft of the motor assembly 5 is the input shaft of the electric drive system.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, when the electric drive system is installed as a front-wheel drive at the front wheels of the vehicle, the angle between the line connecting the motor shaft of the motor assembly 5 and the output shaft of the output shaft cavity 01 on the housing assembly 1 and the horizontal plane is α2. Optionally, α2 ranges from 75° to 90°; for example, α2 is 82°. The initial state of the electric drive system is that the angle between the line connecting the input shaft of the electric drive system and the output shaft of the output shaft cavity 01 and the horizontal plane is 0°. It should be noted that the initial state of the electric drive system here is only used to illustrate the relative positions of the front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive, and is not used as the initial posture during the vehicle durability test.

[0058] In this configuration, the oil filter assembly 2 is arranged perpendicularly to the oil pump assembly 3. Optionally, the oil pump assembly 3 is arranged in the same direction as the axis of the motor shaft of the motor assembly 5, while the oil filter assembly 2 is arranged along the height direction. Thus, the oil filter assembly 2 and the oil pump assembly 3 are arranged perpendicularly. In this text, the height direction refers to the vertical direction when the electric drive system is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0059] Combination Figures 4 to 10 As shown, the housing assembly 1 of this embodiment has: a front drive oil inlet 11, a rear drive oil inlet 12, a motor mounting cavity 13, an oil cooler oil outlet 141, an oil cooler oil inlet 142, an oil pump mounting cavity 15, an oil filter mounting cavity 16, a first oil passage 18, a second oil passage 17, a first main oil passage 191, a second main oil passage 192, a third main oil passage 193, and an oil distribution groove 194.

[0060] Both the front-drive oil inlet 11 and the rear-drive oil inlet 12 are located on the housing assembly 1, and are arranged circumferentially along the output shaft cavity 01. The angle between the line connecting the front-drive oil inlet 11 and the output shaft cavity 01, and the line connecting the rear-drive oil inlet 12 and the output shaft cavity 01, ranges from 39° to 73°. In this embodiment, the angle between the line connecting the front-drive oil inlet 11 and the output shaft cavity 01, and the line connecting the rear-drive oil inlet 12 and the output shaft cavity 01, can be set according to the angle difference range when the front-drive system is used as the front-drive and the rear-drive system, respectively. Within this range, in the scenario where the electric drive system is used as the front-drive system, the front-drive oil inlet 11 is ensured to be at the lowest point; in the scenario where the electric drive system is used as the rear-drive system, the rear-drive oil inlet 12 is ensured to be at the lowest point. That is, at different installation angles, there is always one oil inlet at the lowest point.

[0061] When the electric drive system is installed in the vehicle as a front-wheel drive system, the front-wheel drive oil inlet 11 is located at the lowest point of the electric drive system; when the electric drive system is installed in the vehicle as a rear-wheel drive system, the rear-wheel drive oil inlet 12 is located at the lowest point of the electric drive system. This can be understood as follows: After the electric drive system in this embodiment rotates relative to the horizontal plane to an angle α1, the rear-wheel drive oil inlet 12 is located at the lowest point of the electric drive system in its current state, i.e., near the lowest point of the gearbox housing; after further rotation to a certain angle, so that the angle between the electric drive system and the horizontal plane is α2, the front-wheel drive oil inlet 11 is located at the lowest point of the electric drive system in its current state, i.e., near the lowest point of the gearbox housing.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this paper, the electric drive system is used as the front drive, so the rear drive oil inlet 12 of the electric drive system can be sealed with a sealing cap or machined into a blind hole during the manufacturing process. In this paper, the electric drive system is used as the rear drive, so the front drive oil inlet 11 of the electric drive system can be sealed with a sealing cap or machined into a blind hole during the manufacturing process.

[0063] In this embodiment, the housing assembly 1 of the electric drive system has a front drive oil inlet 11 and a rear drive oil inlet 12, both of which are connected to the oil pump mounting cavity 15. When the drive system is used as a front drive, the front drive oil inlet 11 is located at the lowest point and is selected as the oil suction port. When the drive system is used as a rear drive, the rear drive oil inlet 12 is located at the lowest point and is selected as the oil suction port. Therefore, the oil inlets corresponding to whether the electric drive system is used as a front drive or a rear drive are located at the lowest point. This helps to avoid the oil inlet position changing after the electric drive system rotates, thus affecting the oil intake of the electric drive system. In other words, it achieves stable oil suction of the oil pump assembly 3 under different installation angles of the electric drive system, ensuring the lubrication effect of the electric drive system.

[0064] In this embodiment, the motor mounting cavity 13 is used to assemble the motor assembly 5, the oil pump mounting cavity 15 is used to assemble the oil pump assembly 3, and the oil filter mounting cavity 16 is used to assemble the oil filter assembly 2.

[0065] The oil cooler assembly 4 and the housing assembly 1 can be fixedly connected by threaded fasteners, and the inlet of the oil cooler assembly 4 is connected to the oil cooler inlet 142, and the outlet of the oil cooler assembly 4 is connected to the oil cooler outlet 141.

[0066] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the front drive oil inlet 11 is connected to the oil filter mounting cavity 16, and the rear drive oil inlet 12 is connected to the oil filter mounting cavity 16 through the first oil passage 18.

[0067] The positions of the front-wheel drive oil inlet 11 and the rear-wheel drive oil inlet 12 need to be determined according to the aforementioned information. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Explanation.

[0068] The first oil passage 18 may be a cavity structure opened on the housing assembly 1, and the shape and direction of the first oil passage 18 are not specifically limited.

[0069] Depend on Figure 4 It is known that the oil pump mounting cavity 15 and the oil filter mounting cavity 16 are connected, allowing the lubricating fluid filtered by the oil filter assembly 2 to enter the oil pump assembly 3. The side wall of the oil pump mounting cavity 15 is provided with an oil pump outlet 151, which is connected to the oil cooler inlet 142 through the second oil passage 17. The oil cooler inlet 142 can be connected to the oil cooler outlet 141 through the oil cooler assembly 4.

[0070] Combination Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the oil cooler outlet 141 is connected to the first main oil passage 191, the first main oil passage 191 is connected to the second main oil passage 192, the second main oil passage 192 is provided with a third main oil passage 193 arranged along the axial direction of the motor shaft, and the third main oil passage 193 is provided with an oil distribution groove 194 at the end face of the housing assembly 1.

[0071] The lubricating oil drawn by the oil pump assembly 3 can be delivered to the housing assembly 1 above the motor assembly 5 via the first main oil passage 191 and the second main oil passage 192, so that the lubricating oil lubricates the motor assembly 5 from a high position downwards. Because there is an oil distribution groove 194 on the third main oil passage 193, part of the lubricating oil flows along the axial direction to the other side of the housing assembly 1, and lubricates the rotor of the motor assembly 5 through the motor end cover; the other part of the lubricating oil flows from the oil distribution groove 194 to the oil drip ring of the motor assembly 5 to lubricate the stator of the motor assembly 5.

[0072] The following combination Figures 11 to 22 The lubrication circuit of motor assembly 5 is described below. Figures 13 to 17 The diagram shows the lubrication path of the stator 52 of the motor assembly 5.

[0073] Figure 13 In the motor assembly 5, there are: end cover assembly 51, stator 52, rotor 53, front oil ring 54, rear oil ring 55, motor shaft 56 and bearing 57.

[0074] Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the end cap assembly 51 includes: a motor end cap 511 and a resolver end cap 512.

[0075] The resolver end cover 512 is located at the center of the motor end cover 511. Optionally, the resolver end cover 512 and the motor end cover 511 are arranged concentrically.

[0076] The motor end cover 511 has a mating hole 5111, which is opposite to and communicates with the third main oil passage 193. The motor end cover 511 is located at the end of the third main oil passage 193 away from the second main oil passage 192 along the axial direction. It can be understood that the third main oil passage 193 extends along the axial direction of the motor assembly 5.

[0077] The resolver end cover 512 has a main shaft oil inlet 5122 that communicates with the motor shaft 56. The main shaft oil inlet 5122 is connected to the mating hole 5111 through a connecting oil passage 5121, so that the lubricating oil in the third main oil passage 193 of the housing assembly 1 can be introduced into the motor shaft 56, and the rotor 53 of the motor assembly 5 can be lubricated by the motor shaft 56. The oil distribution groove 194 is located on the side wall of the third main oil passage of the housing assembly 1 away from the second main oil passage along the axial direction. The oil distribution groove 194 faces the stator 52 of the motor assembly 5, so as to realize the lubricating oil lubrication of the stator 52.

[0078] In this embodiment, a front oil-drenching ring 54 is provided at one end of the stator 52 along the axial direction, and a rear oil-drenching ring 55 is provided at the other end. The front oil-drenching ring 54 is arranged close to the motor end cover 511.

[0079] The front oil-drenching ring 54 is located on the radial outer side of the front end 522 of the stator winding of the stator 52, which can be understood as the front oil-drenching ring 54 being sleeved on the circumference of the front end 522 of the stator winding.

[0080] Combination Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the stator 52 in this paper is defined as including a main body 521, a stator winding front end 522, and a stator winding rear end. The stator winding front end 522 and the stator winding rear end are located at both ends of the main body 521 along the axial direction, and the main body 521 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 53.

[0081] The front oil-drenching ring 54 is sealed to the side wall of the motor mounting cavity 13 of the housing assembly 1 by a first sealing ring 541, and the front oil-drenching ring 54 is sealed to the side of the main body 521 near the front end 522 of the stator winding along the axial direction by a second sealing ring 542. Thus, a first receiving cavity 02 is formed between the front oil-drenching ring 54, the motor mounting cavity 13 of the housing assembly 1 and the side of the main body 521, and the first receiving cavity 02 is connected to the oil distribution groove 194.

[0082] In this embodiment, the front oil-spraying ring 54 has spray nozzles 545, which are arranged circumferentially along the front oil-spraying ring 54. Optionally, there are multiple spray nozzles 545, which are evenly arranged circumferentially along the front oil-spraying ring 54.

[0083] See Figure 16 As shown, the front oil-spraying ring 54 is a circular ring structure, and one end of the circular ring structure along the axial direction has a first boss 543 that protrudes radially outward. The first boss 543 abuts against the side wall of the motor mounting cavity 13 and is sealed and connected by a first sealing ring 541. The other end of the circular ring structure along the axial direction has a mounting groove 544, and a second sealing ring 542 is provided in the mounting groove 544 so that the other end of the circular ring structure is sealed and connected to the side of the main body 521.

[0084] The spray nozzle 545 is located between the first boss 543 and the mounting groove 544, and faces the front end 522 of the stator winding.

[0085] The lubricating oil that enters the first accommodating cavity 02 through the oil distribution groove 194 is sprayed onto the front end 522 of the stator winding through the spray nozzle 545 to lubricate the front end 522 of the stator winding.

[0086] See Figure 17 As shown, the main body 521 of this embodiment has a boss along the circumferential direction. Figure 4 As shown, the side wall of the motor mounting cavity 13 of the housing assembly 1 has a slot 131 that mates with the boss.

[0087] The boss and the slot 131 of the motor mounting cavity 13 of the housing assembly 1 can be an interference fit. Optionally, the main body 521 and the motor mounting cavity 13 are connected by an interference fit through a heat fitting process. There is a gap 523 between the position on the main body 521 where the boss is not provided and the side wall of the motor mounting cavity 13. The gap 523 communicates with the first receiving cavity 02. Optionally, the gap 523 extends along the axial direction, and the main body 521 is provided with a plurality of gaps 523 in the circumferential direction.

[0088] In this embodiment, the flow area of ​​the oil distribution groove 194 is larger than the sum of the areas of the spray nozzles 545. Therefore, part of the lubricating oil entering the first accommodating cavity 02 through the oil distribution groove 194 is sprayed onto the front end 522 of the stator winding through the spray nozzles 545, while the rest collects in the first accommodating cavity 02. After the lubricating oil in the first accommodating cavity 02 is full, it flows to the rear oil-drenching ring 55 through the gap 523 extending along the axial direction. The lubricating oil lubricates the surface of the stator 52 during the process of flowing through the gap 523.

[0089] Figure 13 The rear oil-draining ring 55 is sleeved on the circumferential direction of the rear end of the stator winding. One end of the rear oil-draining ring 55 is sealed and fitted to the side of the main body 521 near the rear end of the stator winding along the axial direction through the third sealing ring 551. The rear oil-draining ring 55 is sealed and fitted to the side wall of the motor mounting cavity 13 of the housing assembly 1 through the fourth sealing ring 552, and the rear oil-draining ring 55 abuts against the bottom of the groove of the motor mounting cavity 13 along the axial direction.

[0090] A second receiving cavity (not shown in the figure) is formed between the rear oil-drenching ring 55 and the motor mounting cavity 13. The second receiving cavity is connected to the gap 523. In this way, the lubricant in the first receiving cavity 02 can flow to the second receiving cavity through the gap 523 and be sprayed to the rear end of the stator winding for lubrication through the oil spray nozzle of the rear oil-drenching ring 55.

[0091] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, the housing assembly 1 has a front oil return port 132 and a rear oil return port 133. The motor end cover 511 has a baffle 5112 for blocking the front oil return port 132 along the axial direction.

[0092] The front oil return port 132 is located on the side wall of the motor mounting cavity 13 near the opening and connects the motor mounting cavity 13 with the gearbox; the rear oil return port 133 can be set at the bottom of the groove of the motor mounting cavity 13 and connects the motor mounting cavity 13 with the gearbox.

[0093] The motor assembly 5 is mounted on the housing assembly 1. The lubricating oil sprayed on the front end 522 of the stator winding by the front oil spray ring 54 of the motor assembly 5 can flow back to the gearbox through the front oil return port 132; the lubricating oil sprayed on the rear end of the stator winding by the rear oil spray ring 55 of the motor assembly 5 can flow back to the gearbox through the rear oil return port 133 to complete the recycling of lubricating fluid.

[0094] The above explains the lubrication of the stator 52 in the electric drive system. The following section combines... Figures 18 to 22 The lubrication circuit of the rotor 53 of the motor assembly 5 is explained.

[0095] Combination Figure 13 and Figure 18As shown, in this embodiment, the motor shaft 56 is a hollow shaft. One end of the motor shaft 56 is sealed by a hollow plug 561, and the other end is sealed by a sealing plug 562. The rotor 53 is sleeved on the motor shaft 56 and can rotate with the motor shaft 56. Optionally, the rotor 53 and the motor shaft 56 are connected by a spline circumferential limiting connection, and the two ends of the rotor 53 along the axial direction are limited by abutting against a snap ring, thereby achieving relative fixation between the motor shaft 56 and the rotor 53. In this embodiment, the rotor 53 and the motor shaft 56 are not limited to a spline connection; other methods can also be used to achieve a fixed connection, all of which are within the protection scope.

[0096] The hollow plug 561 has a hollow structure, and one end can be connected to the hollow area of ​​the motor shaft 56. The other end of the hollow plug 561 is connected to the spindle oil inlet 5122, so that the lubricating fluid in the third main oil passage 193 of the housing assembly 1 enters the spindle oil inlet 5122 through the docking hole 5111 of the motor end cover 511 via the connecting oil passage 5121, and enters the hollow area of ​​the motor shaft 56 through the hollow plug 561.

[0097] The side wall of the motor shaft 56 has a front oil outlet 563, a rear oil outlet 564, a first outlet 565, and a second outlet 566.

[0098] The front oil outlet 563 of the motor shaft is arranged near the front end of the rotor 53, and the rear oil outlet 564 of the motor shaft is arranged near the rear end of the rotor 53. Multiple front oil outlets 563 and multiple rear oil outlets 564 are arranged circumferentially on the motor shaft 56. Optionally, the front oil outlets 563 and the rear oil outlets 564 of the motor shaft are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0099] The first outlet 565 is used for lubricating the bearing 57 of the motor shaft 56, and the second outlet 566 is used for lubricating the spline of the motor shaft 56.

[0100] Combination Figures 19 to 22 As shown, the rotor 53 in this embodiment includes: a front cover plate 531, a rear cover plate 532, and a rotor body 533.

[0101] The front cover 531 has a first oil inlet channel 5311, a first oil distribution channel 5312, and a first oil outlet 5313. The rear cover 532 has a second oil inlet channel 5321, a second oil distribution channel 5322, and a second oil outlet 5323.

[0102] like Figure 19As shown, the rotor body 533 has a first lubricating oil passage 5331 and a second lubricating oil passage 5332. Optionally, the first lubricating oil passage 5331 can be a cavity formed in the rotor body 533, a pipe inserted into the rotor body 533, or a pipe disposed on the outer surface of the rotor body 533. It should be noted that the laminations of the rotor body 533 are staggered, and each lamination has a cavity extending along the axial direction. The cavities are sequentially connected to form the first lubricating oil passage 5331 or the second lubricating oil passage 5332. Due to the staggered arrangement of the laminations, both the first lubricating oil passage 5331 and the second lubricating oil passage 5332 are inclined oil passages. Figure 19 In the mid-section view, the cavity of the intermediate lamination of the rotor body 533 was not visible.

[0103] The front cover plate 531 has an annular structure and is sleeved on the motor shaft 56. The first oil inlet channel 5311 is connected to the front oil outlet 563 of the motor shaft. Optionally, the first oil inlet channel 5311 can be an annular channel opened on the front cover plate 531.

[0104] The first oil distribution channel 5312 extends radially along the front cover plate 531, with one radial end connected to the first oil inlet channel 5311 and the other radial end connected to the first lubricating oil channel 5331. The first lubricating oil channel 5331 is connected to the second oil outlet 5323. It should be noted that the first oil distribution channel 5312 and the first lubricating oil channel 5331 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence. Optionally, there may be multiple first oil distribution channels 5312, which are evenly arranged circumferentially along the first oil inlet channel 5311. For example, there may be three first oil distribution channels 5312.

[0105] The rear end cover 532 has an annular structure and is sleeved on the motor shaft 56. The second oil inlet channel 5321 is connected to the rear oil outlet 564 of the motor shaft. Optionally, the second oil inlet channel 5321 can be an annular channel opened on the rear end cover 532.

[0106] The second oil distribution passage 5322 extends radially along the rear end cover plate 532, and one end of the second oil distribution passage 5322 is connected to the second oil inlet channel 5321, while the other end is connected to the second lubricating oil passage 5332. The second lubricating oil passage 5332 is connected to the first oil outlet 5313. It should be noted that the second oil distribution passage 5322 and the second oil inlet channel 5321 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence. Optionally, there may be multiple second oil distribution passages 5322, which are evenly arranged circumferentially along the second oil inlet channel 5321. For example, there may be three second oil distribution passages 5322.

[0107] The first oil distribution line 5312 and the second oil distribution line 5322 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0108] Based on the above-mentioned arrangement of the lubrication oil circuit of rotor 53, during the lubrication process of rotor 53, the lubricating oil in the third main oil passage 193 of housing assembly 1 enters the main shaft oil inlet 5122 through the docking hole 5111 of motor end cover 511 and the connecting oil passage 5121. After entering the hollow area of ​​motor shaft 56 through hollow plug 561, a portion of the lubricating oil enters the first oil inlet channel 5311 through the front oil outlet 563 of motor shaft. After being distributed by the first oil inlet channel 5311, the lubricating oil in the first oil inlet channel 5311 can be divided into three parts and enter the corresponding first oil distribution channel 5312 respectively. It is then transported to the second oil outlet 5323 through the first lubrication oil passage 5331. During the rotation of motor shaft 56, the lubricating oil is thrown out from the second oil outlet 5323 and flows back to the gearbox through the rear oil return port 133 to complete the recycling of lubricating oil.

[0109] Another portion of the lubricating oil in the motor shaft 56 is transported through the motor shaft 56 to the rear oil outlet 564 and enters the second oil inlet channel 5321. After being distributed by the second oil inlet channel 5321, the lubricating oil in the second oil inlet channel 5321 can be divided into three parts and enter the corresponding second oil distribution channels 5322 respectively. It is then transported to the first oil outlet 5313 through the second lubricating oil channel 5332. During the rotation of the motor shaft 56, the lubricating oil is thrown out from the first oil outlet 5313 and flows back to the gearbox through the front return oil port 132 to complete the recycling of the lubricating fluid.

[0110] like Figure 23 As shown, the electric drive system in this embodiment can be a distributed electric drive system. The distributed electric drive system has two sets of motor assemblies 5, each controlling a tire. Therefore, the distributed electric drive system in this embodiment can include two sets of the electric drive systems disclosed above, and the two sets of electric drive systems are symmetrically arranged. It is understood that the distributed electric drive system includes two housing assemblies 1, and the two housing assemblies 1 are arranged symmetrically. In some embodiments, the appearance of the two housing assemblies 1 may vary due to installation space limitations, but the structure and connection relationship of the housing assemblies 1 are the same. Figure 23 This example only illustrates the positional relationship between the two housing assemblies 1; the specific shape, size, etc., of the housing assemblies 1 are not specifically limited. The structure and connection relationship of the two housing assemblies 1 can be found in the description of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] Furthermore, this embodiment also discloses a vehicle including an electric drive system, and the electric drive system is the electric drive system disclosed in the above embodiments. Therefore, the vehicle with the electric drive system also has all the above-mentioned technical effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0112] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0113] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A housing assembly for an electric drive system, characterized in that, include: Front drive oil inlet (11), rear drive oil inlet (12), motor mounting cavity (13), oil pump mounting cavity (15) and output shaft cavity (01); Both the front drive oil inlet (11) and the rear drive oil inlet (12) are connected to the oil pump mounting cavity (15). The front drive oil inlet (11) and the rear drive oil inlet (12) are arranged circumferentially along the output shaft cavity (01). The angle between the line connecting the front drive oil inlet (11) and the output shaft cavity (01) and the line connecting the rear drive oil inlet (12) and the output shaft cavity (01) is between 39° and 73°. The oil pump mounting cavity (15) is connected to the motor mounting cavity (13).

2. The housing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Oil filter mounting cavity (16), the oil filter mounting cavity (16) is connected to both the front drive oil inlet (11) and the rear drive oil inlet (12), and the oil filter mounting cavity (16) is connected to the oil pump mounting cavity (15); The oil filter mounting cavity (16) is arranged perpendicularly to the oil pump mounting cavity (15).

3. The housing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Oil cooler outlet (141) and oil cooler inlet (142); The oil cooler inlet (142) is connected to the oil pump mounting cavity (15); The oil cooler outlet (141) is connected to the motor mounting cavity (13).

4. The housing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The first main oil passage (191), the second main oil passage (192), the third main oil passage (193), and the oil distribution tank (194). The oil cooler outlet (141) is connected to the first main oil passage (191), the first main oil passage (191) is connected to the second main oil passage (192), the third main oil passage (193) extends along the thickness direction of the housing assembly, and one end of the third main oil passage (193) along the thickness direction is connected to the second main oil passage (192), and the side wall of the other end of the third main oil passage (193) along the thickness direction is provided with the oil distribution groove (194), and the oil distribution groove (194) is connected to the motor mounting cavity (13).

5. The housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The motor mounting cavity (13) has a front oil return port (132) and a rear oil return port (133). The front oil return port (132) is located on the side wall of the motor mounting cavity (13), and the rear oil return port (133) is located at the bottom of the groove of the motor mounting cavity (13).

6. An electric drive system, characterized in that, It includes a housing assembly (1), an oil filter assembly (2), an oil pump assembly (3), an oil cooler assembly (4), and a motor assembly (5); Wherein, the housing assembly (1) is the housing assembly (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the oil filter assembly (2) is installed in the oil filter mounting cavity (16) of the housing assembly (1), the oil pump assembly (3) is installed in the oil pump mounting cavity (15) of the housing assembly (1), the oil cooler assembly (4) is connected to the oil cooler outlet (141) and the oil cooler inlet (142) of the housing assembly (1); the motor assembly (5) is installed in the motor mounting cavity (13) of the housing assembly (1); the oil pump assembly (3) draws lubricating oil from the front drive oil inlet (11) or the rear drive oil inlet (12) to lubricate the motor assembly (5).

7. The electric drive system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The motor assembly (5) includes: an end cover assembly (51), a stator (52), a rotor (53) and a motor shaft (56), wherein the motor shaft (56) is a hollow shaft; The rotor (53) is sleeved on the outside of the motor shaft (56), the stator (52) is sleeved on the outside of the rotor (53), and the end cover assembly (51) is located at the opening end of the motor mounting cavity (13) of the housing assembly (1) and is connected to the housing assembly (1). The third main oil passage (193) of the housing assembly (1) is connected to the hollow area of ​​the motor shaft (56) through the end cap assembly (51). The motor shaft (56) has a through hole that runs radially through it. The through hole is connected to the hollow area of ​​the motor shaft (56) and is opposite to the rotor (53) sleeved on the motor shaft (56).

8. The electric drive system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotor (53) includes: a front end cover plate (531), a rear end cover plate (532), and a rotor body (533). The front cover plate (531) and the rear cover plate (532) are arranged at both ends of the rotor body (533) along the axial direction of the motor shaft (56), and the axial direction is the same as the thickness direction of the housing assembly (1). At least one of the front end cover plate (531) and the rear end cover plate (532) has an oil inlet channel communicating with a through hole of the motor shaft (56), and the other has an oil outlet; the rotor body (533) has a lubricating oil passage communicating with the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet.

9. The electric drive system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The through hole of the motor shaft (56) includes a front oil outlet (563) and a rear oil outlet (564). The front cover plate (531) includes a first oil inlet channel (5311), a first oil distribution channel (5312), and a first oil outlet (5313). The first oil inlet channel (5311) is an annular channel. The first oil inlet channel (5311) connects the front oil outlet (563) of the motor shaft with the first oil distribution channel (5312). Multiple first oil distribution channels (5312) can be arranged in the first oil inlet channel (5311) along the circumference. The rear end cover (532) includes a second oil inlet channel (5321), a second oil distribution channel (5322), and a second oil outlet (5323). The second oil inlet channel (5321) is an annular channel. The second oil inlet channel (5321) connects the rear oil outlet (564) of the motor shaft with the second oil distribution channel (5322). Multiple second oil distribution channels (5322) can be arranged in the second oil inlet channel (5321) along the circumference. The first oil distribution line (5312) and the second oil distribution line (5322) are staggered along the axial direction.

10. The electric drive system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, It also includes the front oil-drenching ring (54); The front oil-drenching ring (54) is located on one side of the stator (52) along the axial direction of the motor shaft (56), and is sleeved on the front end (522) of the stator winding of the stator (52). The front oil-drenching ring (54) is sealed to the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity (13), and the front oil-drenching ring (54) is sealed to the side of the main body (521) of the stator (52) near the front end (522) of the stator winding. A first accommodating cavity (02) is formed between the front oil-drenching ring (54), the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity (13), and the side of the main body (521) near the front end (522) of the stator winding. The first accommodating cavity (02) is connected to the oil distribution groove (194) of the housing assembly (1). The front oil-drenching ring (54) has a spray nozzle (545) facing the front end (522) of the stator winding.

11. The electric drive system according to claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes the rear oil-drenching ring (55); The rear oil-drenching ring (55) is located on the other side of the stator (52) along the axial direction of the motor shaft (56), and is sleeved on the rear end of the stator winding of the stator (52). The rear oil-drenching ring (55) is sealed to the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity (13), and the rear oil-drenching ring (55) is sealed to the side of the main body (521) of the stator (52) near the rear end of the stator winding. A second accommodating cavity is formed between the rear oil-drenching ring (55), the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity (13), and the side of the main body (521) near the rear end of the stator winding; The main body (521) of the stator (52) is fixedly connected to the motor mounting cavity (13), and there is a gap (523) between the main body (521) and the motor mounting cavity (13) that connects the first accommodating cavity (02) and the second accommodating cavity. The rear oil ring (55) has an oil spray nozzle facing the rear end of the stator winding.

12. The electric drive system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The area of ​​all the spray nozzles (545) is smaller than the area of ​​the flow surface of the oil distribution tank (194).

13. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive; Wherein, the front drive is an electric drive system as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, and the rear drive oil inlet (12) of the front drive is blocked; And / or, The rear drive is an electric drive system as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, and the front drive oil inlet (11) of the rear drive is blocked.

14. The vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that, The line connecting the motor shaft and the output shaft of the front drive is arranged at an angle of 75°-90° with respect to the horizontal plane. And / or, the line connecting the rear drive motor shaft and the output shaft is arranged at an angle of 35°-50° relative to the horizontal plane.

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