Compressed air energy storage preheating system

Abstract

The invention provides a compressed air energy storage preheating system which is characterized by comprising a waste heat recovery system, an energy storage system and a preheating system, a compression energy storage system; the preheating power generation system comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an expansion power generation device, the first channel air inlet end of the first heat exchanger is connected with the air outlet end of the compression energy storage system, and the first channel air inlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected with the first channel air outlet end of the first heat exchanger; the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device is connected with the first channel air outlet end of the second heat exchanger. A first medium is introduced into the second channel of the first heat exchanger, and a second medium is introduced into the second channel of the second heat exchanger. According to the compressed air energy storage preheating system, industrial waste heat and compression heat of air in the compressed air energy storage system can be efficiently utilized, the system efficiency is greatly improved, and the system energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of compressed air energy storage preheating technology, and in particular to a compressed air energy storage preheating system. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage, as a large-scale physical energy storage technology, has significant application value in areas such as grid peak shaving and renewable energy consumption. Traditional compressed air energy storage systems suffer from two major energy efficiency bottlenecks: first, a large amount of heat generated during compression is typically wasted; second, the high-pressure air needs to be reheated before expansion and power generation. Meanwhile, industrial production processes generate a large amount of low-grade waste heat (80℃-200℃), which is difficult to effectively recover and utilize using conventional technologies due to its low temperature and unstable calorific value.

[0003] Therefore, how to achieve deep integration between compressed air energy storage systems and industrial waste heat recovery systems, so as to improve system efficiency while making efficient use of waste heat, is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a compressed air energy storage preheating system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a compressed air energy storage preheating system, characterized in that it comprises: a waste heat recovery system for collecting industrial waste heat and releasing the collected heat energy into a first medium; a compressed energy storage system, wherein air is introduced into the air inlet and the compressed energy storage system is used to compress the air and release the compressed heat energy into a second medium; and a preheating power generation system, comprising: a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and an expansion power generation device, wherein the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the compressed energy storage system, and the first channel inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first channel outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the inlet of the expansion power generation device is connected to the first channel outlet of the second heat exchanger, the expansion power generation device being used for expanding the air to generate electricity; wherein the second channel of the first heat exchanger is introduced into the first medium, and the second channel of the second heat exchanger is introduced into the second medium.

[0007] Optionally, the compression energy storage system includes: a first compressor, a third heat exchanger, and a gas storage device; wherein, air is introduced into the inlet end of the first compressor, and the first channel inlet end of the third heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the first compressor, the first channel outlet end of the third heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the gas storage device, and the outlet end of the gas storage device is connected to the first channel inlet end of the first heat exchanger; the second channel medium input end of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger, and the second channel medium output end of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger.

[0008] Optionally, the compression energy storage system further includes: a second compressor, a fourth heat exchanger, and a third compressor; wherein the second compressor, the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger, and the third compressor are sequentially arranged between the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger and the inlet end of the gas storage device, and the inlet end of the second compressor is connected to the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger, the inlet end of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the second compressor, the inlet end of the third compressor is connected to the outlet end of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger, and the outlet end of the third compressor is connected to the inlet end of the gas storage device; the medium input end of the second channel of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the medium output end of the third channel of the second heat exchanger, and the medium output end of the second channel of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the medium input end of the third channel of the second heat exchanger, wherein the third channel of the second heat exchanger is supplied with the first medium, and the first channel of the second heat exchanger exchanges heat with the second channel and the third channel respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the compressed energy storage system further includes: a first heat storage device, wherein the heat absorption end of the first heat storage device is disposed between the second channel medium input end of the third heat exchanger and the second channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger, and the heat release end of the first heat storage device is disposed between the second channel medium output end of the third heat exchanger and the second channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger; and / or, a second heat storage device, wherein the heat absorption end of the second heat storage device is disposed between the second channel medium input end of the fourth heat exchanger and the third channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger, and the heat release end of the second heat storage device is disposed between the second channel medium output end of the fourth heat exchanger and the third channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger.

[0010] Optionally, the compressed energy storage system further includes a filter, which is disposed between the air inlet of the first compressor and the air outlet of the expansion power generation device, and the air inlet of the filter is connected to the air outlet of the expansion power generation device, and the air outlet of the filter is connected to the air inlet of the first compressor.

[0011] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system includes: a fifth heat exchanger, wherein industrial waste gas is introduced into the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger, and the second channel medium input end of the fifth heat exchanger is connected to the second channel medium output end of the first heat exchanger, and the second channel medium output end of the fifth heat exchanger is connected to the second channel medium input end of the first heat exchanger.

[0012] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system includes a phase change buffer layer, which is disposed between the first and second channels of the fifth heat exchanger, and the phase change buffer layer contains a phase change material with a phase change temperature within a preset temperature range.

[0013] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system includes: a heat exchange structure disposed within a first channel of the fifth heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchange structure has multiple channels along the conduction direction of the first channel, the diameter of the channels is within a preset diameter range, and the spacing between adjacent channels is within a preset spacing range; and / or, a superhydrophobic coating coated on the inner surface of the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger.

[0014] Optionally, the preheating power generation system further includes: an electric heating device, which is disposed between the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device and the air outlet end of the first channel of the second heat exchanger, and the air inlet end of the electric heating device is connected to the air outlet end of the first channel of the second heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the electric heating device is connected to the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device.

[0015] Optionally, the expansion power generation device includes: a multi-stage turbo expander and a generator; wherein the air inlet of the multi-stage turbo expander is connected to the air outlet of the first channel of the second heat exchanger, and the power output of the multi-stage turbo expander is connected to the power input of the generator, and the power output of the generator is connected to the power input of the power grid.

[0016] The technical solution provided in this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By utilizing the heat exchange of the first and second heat exchangers, a deep integration between the compressed air energy storage system, the industrial waste heat recovery system, and the preheating power generation system is achieved. This not only enables efficient utilization of industrial waste heat and the heat of air compression in the compressed air energy storage system, but also significantly improves system efficiency and reduces system energy consumption.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a compressed air energy storage preheating system according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0021] As shown in the figure: 1. Waste heat recovery system; 11. Fifth heat exchanger;

[0022] 2. Compressed energy storage system; 21. First compressor; 22. Third heat exchanger; 23. Gas storage device; 24. Second compressor; 25. Fourth heat exchanger; 26. Third compressor; 27. First heat storage device; 28. Second heat storage device; 29. ​​Filter.

[0023] 3. Preheating and power generation system; 31. First heat exchanger; 32. Second heat exchanger; 33. Electric heating device; 34. Multistage turboexpander; 35. Generator. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are used only to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure. Rather, embodiments of this disclosure include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this disclosure proposes a compressed air energy storage preheating system, including: a compressed energy storage system 2, a waste heat recovery system 1, and a preheating power generation system 3. The waste heat recovery system 1 is used to collect industrial waste heat and release the collected heat energy into a first medium. Air is introduced into the air inlet of the compressed energy storage system 2, and the compressed energy storage system 2 is used to compress air and release the compressed heat energy into a second medium. The preheating power generation system 3 includes: a first heat exchanger 31, a second heat exchanger 32, and an expansion power generation device. The first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger 31 is connected to the air outlet of the compressed energy storage system 2, and the first channel inlet of the second heat exchanger 32 is connected to the first channel outlet of the first heat exchanger 31. The air inlet of the expansion power generation device is connected to the first channel outlet of the second heat exchanger 32, and the expansion power generation device is used for air expansion power generation. The second channel of the first heat exchanger 31 is introduced into the first medium, and the second channel of the second heat exchanger 32 is introduced into the second medium.

[0026] It is understandable that, since the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger 31 is connected to the outlet of the compression energy storage system 2, and the first channel inlet of the second heat exchanger 32 is connected to the outlet of the first channel of the first heat exchanger 31, and the inlet of the expansion power generation device is connected to the outlet of the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32, the air compressed by the compression energy storage system 2 can pass through the first channel of the first heat exchanger 31 and the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32 in sequence before entering the expansion power generation device. Thus, the expansion power generation device can be used to expand the compressed air to generate electricity. Furthermore, since the second channel of the first heat exchanger 31 is connected to the first medium, the industrial waste heat collected by the waste heat recovery system 1 can be used to preheat the air entering the expansion power generation device using the second medium. Also, since the second channel of the second heat exchanger 32 is connected to the second medium, the heat generated by the compression energy storage system 2 when compressing air can be used to preheat the air entering the expansion power generation device using the first medium.

[0027] Thus, by utilizing the heat exchange of the first heat exchanger 31 and the second heat exchanger 32, deep integration is achieved between the compressed air energy storage system, the industrial waste heat recovery system 1, and the preheating power generation system 3. This not only enables efficient utilization of industrial waste heat and the heat of air compression in the compressed air energy storage system, but also significantly improves system efficiency and reduces system energy consumption.

[0028] It should be noted that the waste heat recovery system 1 is used to collect industrial waste heat, which is concentrated in the exhaust flue gas. Based on this, in conjunction with the first heat exchanger 31 and the circulation of the first medium, heat can be transferred to the preheating power generation system 3, thereby achieving the preheating of the air intake of the expansion power generation device. The specific type of waste heat recovery system 1 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto.

[0029] The compressed energy storage system 2 is used to compress air. During the air compression process, heat is released. Based on this, in conjunction with the second heat exchanger 32 and the circulation of the second medium, heat can be transferred to the preheating power generation system 3, thereby preheating the air intake of the expansion power generation device. The specific type of the compressed energy storage system 2 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto.

[0030] The preheating power generation system 3 is used to preheat compressed air and generate electricity by expanding compressed air. In the preheating power generation system 3, the first heat exchanger 31 and the second heat exchanger 32 are used to preheat compressed air, and the expansion power generation device is used to generate electricity by expanding air. The specific type can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0031] The first heat exchanger 31 has a first channel and a second channel for direct or indirect heat exchange. For example, the first heat exchanger 31 can be a shell-and-tube gas-liquid heat exchanger that preheats compressed air from ambient temperature to 80°C. It can be arranged in a counter-current manner and equipped with a vortex generator to enhance heat exchange.

[0032] The second heat exchanger 32 has a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel for direct or indirect heat exchange. The first channel exchanges heat with the second channel and the third channel respectively, and the second channel and the third channel are connected to a second medium. The second channel and the third channel can be the same channel or two independent channels, without limitation. For example, the second heat exchanger 32 can be a plate-fin heat exchanger that preheats compressed air from 80°C to 180°C. It can also integrate a phase change heat storage unit to store excess heat.

[0033] The specific types of the first and second media can be set according to actual needs and are not limited thereto. For example, both the first and second media are heat transfer media, and the flow rate of the first media can be 25m³ / h. 3 / h, with a working pressure of 0.8MPa-1.2MPa.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 2 includes: a first compressor 21, a third heat exchanger 22, and a gas storage device 23. Air is introduced into the inlet of the first compressor 21, and the first channel inlet of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the outlet of the first compressor 21, the first channel outlet of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the inlet of the gas storage device 23, and the outlet of the gas storage device 23 is connected to the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger 21.

[0035] The second channel medium input terminal of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the second channel medium output terminal of the second heat exchanger 32, and the second channel medium output terminal of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the second channel medium input terminal of the second heat exchanger 32.

[0036] It is understandable that, since the first channel inlet of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the outlet of the first compressor 21, the first channel outlet of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the inlet of the gas storage device 23, and the outlet of the gas storage device 23 is connected to the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger 31, the air compressed by the first compressor 21 can pass through the first channel of the third heat exchanger 22 and be stored in the gas storage device 23. Furthermore, the compressed air in the gas storage device 23 can pass through the first channel of the first heat exchanger 31 and the second channel of the second heat exchanger 32 before entering the expansion power generation device to generate electricity.

[0037] Furthermore, since the second channel medium input end of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the second channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the second channel medium output end of the third heat exchanger 22 is connected to the second channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32, the heat generated by the compressed air of the first compressor 21 can utilize the heat exchange between the first and second channels in the third heat exchanger 22, as well as the heat exchange between the second channel and the first channel in the second heat exchanger 32, to achieve secondary preheating of the air intake of the expansion power generation device. Thus, not only can the heat of air compression in the compressed air energy storage system be utilized efficiently, but the system efficiency is also greatly improved and the system energy consumption is reduced.

[0038] It should be noted that the first compressor 21 is used to compress air, and the specific type of the first compressor 21 can be set according to actual needs, without any restrictions.

[0039] The third heat exchanger 22 is used in conjunction with the second heat exchanger 32 to transfer the compression heat generated by the first compressor 21 to the air intake of the expansion power generation device. The specific type of the third heat exchanger 22 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. The third heat exchanger 22 has a first channel and a second channel for direct or indirect heat exchange.

[0040] The gas storage device 23 is used to store the compressed air generated by the first compressor 21, etc. The specific type of the gas storage device 23 can be set according to actual needs and there is no restriction. For example, the gas storage device 23 can be a salt cavern or a high-pressure storage tank.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 2 further includes a second compressor 24, a fourth heat exchanger 25, and a third compressor 26. The first channel of the second compressor 24, the fourth heat exchanger 25, and the third compressor 26 are sequentially arranged between the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger 22 and the inlet end of the gas storage device 23. The inlet end of the second compressor 24 is connected to the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger 22, the inlet end of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the outlet end of the second compressor 24, the inlet end of the third compressor 26 is connected to the outlet end of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger 25, and the outlet end of the third compressor 26 is connected to the inlet end of the gas storage device 23.

[0042] The second channel medium input end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the third channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the second channel medium output end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the third channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32. The third channel of the second heat exchanger 32 is fed with the second medium, and the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32 exchanges heat with the second channel and the third channel respectively.

[0043] Understandably, since the air inlet of the second compressor 24 is connected to the air outlet of the first channel of the third heat exchanger 22, the air inlet of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the air outlet of the second compressor 24, the air inlet of the third compressor 26 is connected to the air outlet of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger 25, and the air outlet of the third compressor 26 is connected to the air inlet of the air storage device 23, the air compressed by the first compressor 21 can pass through the first channel of the third heat exchanger 22, and then be compressed again by the second compressor 24, then through the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger 25, and finally be compressed again by the third compressor 26 and stored in the air storage device 23, thus realizing multi-stage air compression.

[0044] Furthermore, since the second channel medium input end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the third channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the second channel medium output end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the third channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32, the heat generated by the compressed air of the second compressor 24 can be used for heat exchange between the first and second channels in the fourth heat exchanger 25, and heat exchange between the third channel and the first channel in the second heat exchanger 32, to preheat the air intake of the expansion power generation device. Thus, not only can the heat of air compression in the compressed air energy storage system be used efficiently, but the system efficiency is also greatly improved and the system energy consumption is reduced.

[0045] It should be noted that both the second compressor 24 and the third compressor 26 are used to compress air, and together with the first compressor 21, they achieve three-stage compression. The specific types of the second compressor 24 and the third compressor 26 can be set according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions on this.

[0046] The fourth heat exchanger 25 works in conjunction with the second heat exchanger 32 to transfer the compression heat generated by the second compressor 24 to the air intake of the expansion power generation device. The specific type of the fourth heat exchanger 25 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. The fourth heat exchanger 25 has a first channel and a second channel for direct or indirect heat exchange.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 2 further includes: a first heat storage device 27, the heat absorption end of the first heat storage device 27 is disposed at the second channel medium input end of the third heat exchanger 22 and the second channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the heat release end of the first heat storage device 27 is disposed between the second channel medium output end of the third heat exchanger 22 and the second channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32.

[0048] It is understandable that, since the heat absorption end of the first heat storage device 27 is located at the second channel medium input end of the third heat exchanger 22 and the second channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the heat release end of the first heat storage device 27 is located between the second channel medium output end of the third heat exchanger 22 and the second channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32, the unused waste heat in the second medium passing through the second channel of the second heat exchanger 32 can be stored in the first heat storage device 27. Furthermore, the heat stored in the first heat storage device 27 can also flexibly heat the second medium entering the second channel of the second heat exchanger 32. Thus, the waste heat is fully utilized and the system efficiency is improved.

[0049] It should be noted that the first heat storage device 27 is used to store excess heat of the second medium in the second channel of the second heat exchanger 32, and to release heat to the second medium when the heat of the second medium is insufficient. The specific type of the first heat storage device 27 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation thereto. For example, the first heat storage device 27 can be a molten salt heat storage tank for direct recovery mode during the stable operation phase of the system.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 2 further includes a second heat storage device 28, the heat absorption end of the second heat storage device 28 being disposed between the second channel medium input end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 and the third channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the heat release end of the second heat storage device 28 being disposed between the second channel medium output end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 and the third channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32.

[0051] It is understandable that, since the heat absorption end of the second heat storage device 28 is located between the second channel medium input end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 and the third channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the heat release end of the second heat storage device 28 is located between the second channel medium output end of the fourth heat exchanger 25 and the third channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger 32, the unused waste heat in the second medium passing through the third channel of the second heat exchanger 32 can be stored in the second heat storage device 28. Furthermore, the heat stored in the second heat storage device 28 can also flexibly heat the second medium entering the third channel of the second heat exchanger 32. Thus, the waste heat is fully utilized and the system efficiency is higher.

[0052] It should be noted that the second heat storage device 28 is used to store excess heat of the second medium in the third channel of the second heat exchanger 32, and to release heat to the second medium when the heat of the second medium is insufficient. The specific type of the second heat storage device 28 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation thereto. For example, the second heat storage device 28 can be an organic material heat storage tank, used for indirect recovery mode during system start-up, shutdown or variable operating conditions.

[0053] Different organic materials can be used for different temperatures. For example, solar molten salt (60% sodium nitrate + 40% potassium nitrate) is used in the high temperature range (250℃-350℃), ternary eutectic salt composed of lithium nitrate-sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate is used in the medium temperature range (120℃-250℃), and paraffin-based composite phase change material is used in the low temperature range (80℃-120℃).

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 2 further includes a filter 29, which is disposed between the inlet end of the first compressor 21 and the outlet end of the expansion power generation device, and the inlet end of the filter 29 is connected to the outlet end of the expansion power generation device, and the outlet end of the filter 29 is connected to the inlet end of the first compressor 21.

[0055] Understandably, since the air inlet of filter 29 is connected to the air outlet of expansion power generation device, and the air outlet of filter 29 is connected to the air inlet of first compressor 21, filter 29 can filter air to ensure stable power generation of the system. At the same time, the air outlet of expansion power generation device is circulated to first compressor 21, realizing the reuse of clean air, thereby reducing the filtration load of filter 29.

[0056] It should be noted that filter 29 is used for air filtration, and the specific type of filter 29 can be set according to actual needs, without limitation. The air intake of filter 29 can come not only from the exhaust air of the expansion generator, but also from external sources.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system 1 includes: a fifth heat exchanger 11, with industrial waste gas introduced into the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11, and the second channel medium input end of the fifth heat exchanger 11 connected to the second channel medium output end of the first heat exchanger 31, and the second channel medium output end of the fifth heat exchanger 11 connected to the second channel medium input end of the first heat exchanger 31.

[0058] Understandably, since the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11 is connected to industrial waste gas, and the medium input end of the second channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11 is connected to the medium output end of the second channel of the first heat exchanger 31, and the medium output end of the second channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11 is connected to the medium input end of the second channel of the first heat exchanger 31, the waste heat in the industrial waste gas can be transferred to the first medium through the heat exchange between the first and second channels of the fifth heat exchanger 11, and in conjunction with the heat exchange between the first and second channels of the first heat exchanger 31, preheating of the air entering the expansion power generation device can be achieved. Therefore, not only can industrial waste heat be utilized efficiently, but system efficiency is also significantly improved, and system energy consumption is reduced.

[0059] It should be noted that the fifth heat exchanger 11 is used in conjunction with the first heat exchanger 31 to transfer industrial waste heat to the air intake of the expansion power generation device. The specific type of the fifth heat exchanger 11 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. The fifth heat exchanger 11 has a first channel and a second channel for direct or indirect heat exchange.

[0060] In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system 1 includes a phase change buffer layer, which is disposed between the first channel and the second channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11, and the phase change buffer layer is provided with a phase change material whose phase change temperature is within a preset temperature range.

[0061] It is understandable that, since the phase change buffer layer is set between the first and second channels of the fifth heat exchanger 11, and the phase change buffer layer is equipped with a phase change material whose phase change temperature is within the preset temperature range, the phase change buffer layer can use the phase change of the phase change material to achieve temperature buffering, thereby suppressing waste heat temperature fluctuations and ensuring the stable and efficient utilization of industrial waste heat.

[0062] It should be noted that the specific type of phase change material can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the phase change material can be sodium sulfate decahydrate-based composite phase change material, the preset temperature range can be 90℃-110℃, and the temperature fluctuation range that can be suppressed is ±15℃.

[0063] In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system 1 includes: a heat exchange structure disposed in the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11, and the heat exchange structure is provided with multiple channels along the conduction direction of the first channel, the diameter of the channels is within a preset diameter range, and the spacing between adjacent channels is within a preset spacing range.

[0064] Understandably, because the heat exchange structure is located within the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11, and the heat exchange structure has multiple channels along the conduction direction of the first channel, the first channel can utilize the heat exchange structure with multiple channels to increase the heat exchange area with the industrial waste gas, while reducing flow resistance, thereby ensuring a high heat exchange efficiency for the fifth heat exchanger 11.

[0065] It should be noted that the specific type of heat exchange structure can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the heat exchange structure can be a titanium alloy microchannel plate with a channel diameter of 0.8 mm and a spacing of 1.2 mm.

[0066] In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system 1 includes a superhydrophobic coating applied to the inner surface of the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11.

[0067] It is understandable that, since the superhydrophobic coating is applied to the inner surface of the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger 11, the first channel can reduce the accumulation of dust by utilizing the superhydrophobic coating, thereby ensuring the high heat exchange efficiency of the fifth heat exchanger 11.

[0068] It should be noted that the specific type of superhydrophobic coating can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it. For example, the superhydrophobic coating can be a silicon dioxide-titanium dioxide superhydrophobic coating with a contact angle greater than 150°.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the preheating power generation system 3 further includes an electric heating device 33, which is disposed between the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device and the first channel outlet end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the air inlet end of the electric heating device 33 is connected to the first channel outlet end of the second heat exchanger 32, and the outlet end of the electric heating device 33 is connected to the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device.

[0070] Understandably, since the air inlet of the electric heating device 33 is connected to the air outlet of the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32, and the air outlet of the electric heating device 33 is connected to the air inlet of the expansion power generation device, the compressed air can sequentially pass through the first stage preheating of the first channel of the first heat exchanger 31, the second stage preheating of the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32, and the third stage preheating of the electric heating device 33 before entering the expansion power generation device to generate electricity, thereby further improving the system efficiency.

[0071] It should be noted that the electric heating device 33 is used to heat compressed air when the preheating capacity of the first heat exchanger 31 and the second heat exchanger 32 is insufficient. The specific type of the electric heating device 33 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation. For example, the electric heating device 33 can be an integrated ventilation device with heating elements such as electric heating wires and electric heating tubes as the main body, which preheats the compressed air from 180°C to 300°C.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the expansion power generation device includes a multi-stage turbo expander 34 and a generator 35. The inlet of the multi-stage turbo expander 34 is connected to the outlet of the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32, and the power output of the multi-stage turbo expander 34 is connected to the power input of the generator 35. The power output of the generator 35 is connected to the power input of the power grid.

[0073] It is understandable that, since the air inlet of the multi-stage turbo expander 34 is connected to the air outlet of the first channel of the second heat exchanger 32, and the power output of the multi-stage turbo expander 34 is connected to the power input of the generator 35, and the power output of the generator 35 is connected to the power input of the power grid, compressed air can expand and do work in the multi-stage turbo expander 34 and drive the generator 35 to supply power to the power grid. In this way, in conjunction with the power consumption of the compressed energy storage system 2, the peak-shaving function of the system in this embodiment is achieved.

[0074] It should be noted that the multi-stage turbine expander 34 consists of multiple turbine expanders connected in sequence. The specific type of turbine expander can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0075] The generator 35 is used to generate electricity. The specific type of generator 35 can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it. For example, generator 35 can be a variable speed permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0076] In the system of this embodiment, an intelligent control system can be used to achieve automated control. For example, a heat flow distribution unit can be used to dynamically adjust the heat source based on the heat source conditions; an energy efficiency optimization module can be used to calculate the optimal operating parameters in real time; and a safety monitoring system can be used to achieve multi-parameter fusion diagnosis.

[0077] The system in this embodiment is an integrated energy storage system that utilizes low-grade industrial waste heat to preheat compressed air, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Specifically, through an innovative heat exchange network design, a traditional CAES (compressed air energy storage) system is organically combined with an industrial waste heat recovery system 1, achieving cascaded energy utilization and significantly improving the round-trip efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0078] The system in this embodiment has the following significant advantages: improved energy efficiency; improved operating characteristics; and economic advantages.

[0079] In the description of this disclosure, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0080] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of preferred embodiments of this disclosure includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this disclosure pertain.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage preheating system, characterized in that, include: A waste heat recovery system is used to collect industrial waste heat and release the collected heat energy into a first medium; A compressed energy storage system, wherein air is introduced into the air inlet of the compressed energy storage system, and the compressed energy storage system is used to compress the air and release the heat energy of the compression into a second medium; A preheating power generation system, comprising: a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and an expansion power generation device, wherein the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the compressed energy storage system, and the first channel inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first channel outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the inlet of the expansion power generation device is connected to the first channel outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the expansion power generation device is used for expanding air to generate electricity; The first heat exchanger has a second channel through which the first medium is introduced, and the second heat exchanger has a second channel through which the second medium is introduced.

2. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system includes: The first compressor, the third heat exchanger, and the gas storage device; Wherein, air is introduced into the inlet end of the first compressor, and the inlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the first compressor, the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the gas storage device, and the outlet end of the gas storage device is connected to the inlet end of the first channel of the first heat exchanger. The second channel medium input terminal of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second channel medium output terminal of the second heat exchanger, and the second channel medium output terminal of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second channel medium input terminal of the second heat exchanger.

3. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system also includes: The second compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, and the third compressor; The second compressor, the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger, and the third compressor are sequentially arranged between the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger and the inlet end of the gas storage device. The inlet end of the second compressor is connected to the outlet end of the first channel of the third heat exchanger, the inlet end of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the second compressor, the inlet end of the third compressor is connected to the outlet end of the first channel of the fourth heat exchanger, and the outlet end of the third compressor is connected to the inlet end of the gas storage device. The second channel medium input terminal of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the third channel medium output terminal of the second heat exchanger, and the second channel medium output terminal of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the third channel medium input terminal of the second heat exchanger. The third channel of the second heat exchanger is supplied with the first medium, and the first channel of the second heat exchanger exchanges heat with the second channel and the third channel respectively.

4. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system also includes: The first heat storage device has its heat absorption end disposed at the second channel medium input end of the third heat exchanger and the second channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger, and its heat release end disposed between the second channel medium output end of the third heat exchanger and the second channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger. And / or, The second heat storage device has its heat absorption end located between the second channel medium input end of the fourth heat exchanger and the third channel medium output end of the second heat exchanger, and its heat release end located between the second channel medium output end of the fourth heat exchanger and the third channel medium input end of the second heat exchanger.

5. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system also includes: A filter is disposed between the air inlet of the first compressor and the air outlet of the expansion generator, with the air inlet of the filter connected to the air outlet of the expansion generator and the air outlet of the filter connected to the air inlet of the first compressor.

6. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery system includes: The fifth heat exchanger has an industrial waste gas introduced into its first channel, and the media input end of the second channel of the fifth heat exchanger is connected to the media output end of the second channel of the first heat exchanger, while the media output end of the second channel of the fifth heat exchanger is connected to the media input end of the second channel of the first heat exchanger.

7. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery system includes: A phase change buffer layer is disposed between the first and second channels of the fifth heat exchanger, and the phase change buffer layer contains a phase change material with a phase change temperature within a preset temperature range.

8. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery system includes: A heat exchange structure is provided in the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger, and the heat exchange structure has multiple channels along the conduction direction of the first channel. The diameter of the channels is within a preset diameter range, and the spacing between adjacent channels is within a preset spacing range. And / or, The waste heat recovery system includes a superhydrophobic coating, which is applied to the inner surface of the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger.

9. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating power generation system also includes: An electric heating device is provided, wherein the electric heating device is disposed between the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device and the air outlet end of the first channel of the second heat exchanger, and the air inlet end of the electric heating device is connected to the air outlet end of the first channel of the second heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the electric heating device is connected to the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device.

10. The compressed air energy storage preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion power generation device includes: Multistage turboexpander and generator; The inlet of the multi-stage turbo expander is connected to the outlet of the first channel of the second heat exchanger, and the power output of the multi-stage turbo expander is connected to the power input of the generator, while the power output of the generator is connected to the power input of the power grid.

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