Wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage hydrogen afterburning and thermodynamic cycle optimization

Abstract

The invention discloses wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage hydrogen afterburning and thermodynamic cycle optimization, and relates to the technical field of energy utilization, an electrolytic cell is arranged at a photovoltaic power generation position, photovoltaic low-voltage direct current generated by photovoltaic power generation is used for supplying power to the electrolytic cell, and hydrogen and oxygen are prepared through electrolytic reaction of the electrolytic cell; the prepared hydrogen and oxygen can be stored in a container of a windmill tower drum for wind power generation; main shafts of all windmills in a windmill group of the wind power plant drive a multi-stage compression air cylinder to pressurize step by step through mechanical transmission so as to compress air to generate compressed air; the compressed gas can be stored in a tower drum or a cave for later use for a long time, and is introduced into a power generation system to expand and drive a generator set to generate power; one part of electric energy generated by the power generation system can supply power to the electrolytic cell; and the stored hydrogen and oxygen can heat and pressurize compressed gas introduced into the power generation system in an afterburning manner. The energy conversion efficiency can be improved, and the system cost can be optimized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy utilization, in particular to a wind-solar hydrogen production and compressed air energy storage hydrogen supplement and thermodynamic cycle optimization. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of new energy storage, there are certain problems in the efficient utilization and storage technology of wind-solar energy. For example, in the prior art, photovoltaic direct current needs to be inverted into alternating current first, then collected with wind power after being boosted, and then connected to the power grid for boost transmission to the east, and then connected to the energy storage park for boost, and then connected to the motor air compressor for high-speed air compression energy storage. That is, photovoltaic power needs to be converted between direct current and alternating current repeatedly, which reduces the efficiency and the capacity of the power grid (due to the fluctuation of wind-solar power, the power grid can only accommodate 15%), which is not conducive to the utilization of new energy. Moreover, if hydrogen is generated by using the generated power, the power needs to be rectified into direct current and then electrolyzed.

[0003] Therefore, it is particularly important to provide a wind-solar hydrogen production and compressed air energy storage hydrogen supplement and thermodynamic cycle optimization to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a wind-solar hydrogen production and compressed air energy storage hydrogen supplement and thermodynamic cycle optimization to solve the problems of the prior art, improve the energy conversion efficiency, and optimize the system cost.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a wind-solar hydrogen production and compressed air energy storage hydrogen supplement and thermodynamic cycle optimization. An electrolytic cell is arranged at a photovoltaic power generation position, and photovoltaic low-voltage direct current generated by photovoltaic power generation is used to power the electrolytic cell. Hydrogen and oxygen are prepared by electrolytic reaction of the electrolytic cell. The prepared hydrogen and oxygen can be stored in a container of a windmill tower of wind power generation. Each windmill main shaft of wind power generation drives a multi-stage compression cylinder through mechanical transmission to increase the pressure of compressed air to generate compressed gas. The compressed gas can be stored for later use, and the compressed gas is used to expand and generate power in a power generation system. Part of the power generated by the power generation system can be used to power the electrolytic cell. The stored hydrogen and oxygen can be used to supplement the compressed gas in the power generation system in a heating and pressurizing manner.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-stage compression cylinder in each wind turbine tower generates high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air, which is transmitted to the ground central heat exchange station through the heat preservation pipeline, and the ground central heat exchange station can exchange heat and store heat step by step according to the temperature gradient of the compressed heat carried by the high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air; the high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air forms high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air after heat exchange in the ground central heat exchange station, the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air can be stored for standby, and the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air is used to enter the expansion power generation system.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-stage compression cylinder includes an outer cylinder, a telescopic piston rod and a fixed piston rod; the outer cylinder has a hollow cavity, the telescopic piston rod has a first end and a second end, the first end is located in the hollow cavity, and the first end divides the inner cavity of the hollow cavity into an upper medium-pressure gas chamber and a lower low-pressure gas chamber; the first end of the telescopic piston rod is slidingly arranged in the hollow cavity in a first direction; the second end extends out of the hollow cavity; the telescopic piston rod has a high-pressure gas chamber and a lower opening in communication with the high-pressure gas chamber, the fixed piston rod is fixedly arranged in the hollow cavity, and the upper end of the fixed piston rod is arranged in the high-pressure gas chamber through the lower opening; the fixed piston rod has a fixed channel therein; the lower low-pressure gas chamber has a gas inlet, the gas inlet is provided with a first one-way valve for one-way communication into the lower low-pressure gas chamber; the first end is provided with a communication channel for communication between the upper medium-pressure gas chamber and the lower low-pressure gas chamber, and the communication channel is provided with a second one-way valve for one-way communication into the upper medium-pressure gas chamber; a high-pressure gas inlet for communication between the upper medium-pressure gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber is opened on the side wall of the telescopic piston rod located in the upper medium-pressure gas chamber, and the relative movement of the telescopic piston rod and the fixed piston rod can make the high-pressure gas inlet in a closed or communicated state; the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber flows into the fixed channel one-way through a third one-way valve; each main shaft of the wind power generation is fixed with a gear, and the outer side wall of the gear is fixed with an arc-shaped segment engagement tooth; the second end of the telescopic piston rod is fixedly provided with a rack adapter, one end of the rack adapter close to the gear has a first rack and a second rack which are parallel and fixed together, the gear is located between the first rack and the second rack, and the arc-shaped segment engagement tooth of the gear can engage with the teeth on the first rack or the second rack, and the rotation of the gear can drive the rack adapter to reciprocate in the first direction.

[0009] Preferably, the upper middle-pressure gas chamber and the lower low-pressure gas chamber are communicated with the fixed channel through a common channel, and the gas in the upper middle-pressure gas chamber flows into the common channel through a fourth one-way valve, and the gas in the lower low-pressure gas chamber flows into the common channel through a fifth one-way valve.

[0010] Preferably, the generated hydrogen is introduced into a hydrogen gas bag, and the generated oxygen is introduced into an oxygen gas bag; the outer wall of the hydrogen gas bag and the oxygen gas bag can be elastically deformed, and the hydrogen gas bag and the oxygen gas bag are arranged inside the windmill tower of the wind power generation.

[0011] Preferably, the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air can be stored in the windmill tower or a hollowed-out mine or a salt cave.

[0012] Preferably, the ground central heat exchange station comprises a molten salt heat exchange and storage system and a water heat exchange and storage system; the high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air is first exchanged with the molten salt heat exchange and storage system through the heat preservation pipeline, and then is exchanged with the water heat exchange and storage system.

[0013] Preferably, the power generation system comprises a gas turbine power generation system, a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system and an organic Rankine power generation system arranged in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, the gas turbine in the gas turbine power generation system has a combustion chamber, and corresponding turbines are coaxially arranged at both ends of the combustion chamber; the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air is introduced into the combustion chamber after heat exchange and temperature rise; the stored hydrogen and oxygen are used for ceramic igniters in the combustion chamber, and the ceramic igniters are used for ignition and combustion support, and the rotation directions of the two turbines can make work superposition.

[0015] Preferably, the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air is introduced into the combustion chamber after heat exchange and temperature rise with the water heat exchange and storage system and the molten salt heat exchange and storage system in sequence.

[0016] The present application has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] The application provides wind and light hydrogen production and storage and compressed air energy storage hydrogen supplement and thermodynamic cycle optimization, directly supplies a low-voltage direct current to an electrolytic cell through photovoltaic power generation to avoid the inverter-rectifier process of "direct current to alternating current to direct current" and "low voltage to high voltage to low voltage", converts fluctuating power into stable chemical energy (hydrogen and oxygen) for storage, compared with the photovoltaic grid-connected energy storage, the method does not need to be equipped with large-capacity power transmission and transformation devices and energy storage batteries, reduces intermediate links, improves efficiency, and reduces investment cost; makes full use of the internal space of the wind turbine tower drum to make idle space resources; hydrogen and oxygen are stored near the wind power equipment, and are safer for subsequent hydrogen supplement of the power generation system, reduce transportation loss, and it is easier to store hydrogen and oxygen in the large tower drum space near the wind and light base, convenient for external transportation, cheaper and more convenient for self use of hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen and oxygen are used for supplement and heating to improve overall power generation efficiency; compared with the traditional compressed air energy storage which needs "wind energy mechanical energy to electric energy to power transmission and transformation to electric motor to compressor mechanical energy", the method can omit intermediate links, store mechanical energy from the source, greatly improve energy conversion efficiency, and store mechanical energy by connecting the wind turbine mechanical energy to the multi-stage compression cylinder to generate compressed air elastic potential energy, simplifies the intermediate links such as gear speed-up box, generator, power transformation and boosting, step-down, electric motor and the like, eliminates the old problem of the wind turbine cabin structure of heavy head and light foot, makes hoisting and installation more convenient and easier, and the running is stable and not easy to collapse, and the noise can be significantly reduced and the mechanical efficiency can be improved, the small and scattered generator groups in the wind turbine cabin of each wind turbine in the wind turbine group are integrated into a large ground power generation system for power generation, the technical equipment is saved and the power generation efficiency is improved, and ground maintenance, fire extinguishing are more convenient; the electric energy generated by the power generation system of the wind power generation can also be returned to the electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell can continuously and stably perform electrolysis under the condition that the photovoltaic power generation cannot normally convert electric energy due to rain, no light and the like; and the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolytic cell can also be returned to the wind power energy storage and release process to clean supplement and reheat the compressed gas, and the two are complementary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the wind and light hydrogen production and storage and compressed air energy storage hydrogen supplement and thermodynamic cycle optimization provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage compression cylinder in the wind and solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment and thermodynamic cycle optimization provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 10-Windmill tower;

[0023] 20-Photovoltaic power generation; 21-Electrolytic cell; 22-Gear; 221-Arc-shaped meshing tooth; 23-Rack and pinion assembly;

[0024] 30-Multi-stage compression cylinder; 31-Outer cylinder body; 32-Telescopic piston rod; 33-Fixed piston rod; 331-Third check valve; 34-Upper and medium-pressure gas chamber; 341-Second check valve; 35-Lower low-pressure gas chamber; 351-First check valve; 36-High-pressure gas chamber; 37-Common passage; 371-Fourth check valve; 372-Fifth check valve;

[0025] 40 - Power generation system; 41 - Gas turbine power generation system; 411 - Combustion chamber; 412 - Turbine; 413 - Ceramic igniter; 42 - Supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system; 43 - Organic Rankine power generation system;

[0026] 50 - Ground-based central heat exchange station; 51 - Molten salt heat exchange and storage system; 52 - Water heat exchange and storage system;

[0027] 60 - Distribution cabinet; 61 - Power grid. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for generating and storing hydrogen from wind and solar power, combining hydrogen production and storage with compressed air energy storage and thermodynamic cycle optimization, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve energy conversion efficiency, and optimize system costs.

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides an optimization of hydrogen production and storage using wind and solar power, combined with compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment and thermodynamic cycle optimization. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, electrolytic cell 21 is arranged at photovoltaic power generation 20 position, and photovoltaic low-voltage direct current generated by photovoltaic power generation 20 is used to power electrolytic cell 21, and hydrogen and oxygen are prepared through electrolytic reaction of electrolytic cell 21; the prepared hydrogen and oxygen can be stored in containers of windmill tower 10 of wind power generation (the prepared hydrogen and oxygen are respectively stored in different containers of windmill tower 10 close to photovoltaic base; distinguished by bright color and corresponding signs); each windmill main shaft of wind power generation (i.e. windmill group) drives multi-stage compression cylinder 30 to increase pressure to generate compressed air; the compressed air can be stored for standby (the compressed air can be stored for long-term standby after being collected, heat-exchanged and heat-stored), and the compressed air is used to enter power generation system 40 to expand and generate power; part of the power generated by power generation system 40 can be used to power electrolytic cell 21 (part of the power generated by power generation system 40 is used to power power grid 61); and the stored hydrogen and oxygen can be used to increase temperature and pressure of the compressed air entering power generation system 40 in a clean supplemental combustion manner.

[0033] By directly supplying low-voltage DC power to the electrolyzer 21 via photovoltaic power generation 20, the inverter-rectification process of "DC→AC→DC" and "low-voltage—high-voltage—low-voltage" is avoided. Fluctuating electrical energy is converted into stable chemical energy (hydrogen and oxygen) for storage (which can be stored long-term across seasons). Compared to grid connection followed by energy storage, this method eliminates the need for large-capacity transmission and transformation equipment and energy storage batteries, reducing intermediate steps, improving efficiency, and lowering investment costs. It also fully utilizes the internal space of the wind turbine tower 10, turning idle space into a resource. Hydrogen and oxygen are stored in the wind turbine's attached storage tank. In the near term, it is safer to use in the power generation system for supplementary combustion, reducing transmission losses. Its proximity to wind and solar power bases provides ample tower space for easier hydrogen and oxygen storage, and facilitates external transportation. Using hydrogen and oxygen is cheaper and more convenient, and its use for supplementary combustion and heating improves overall power generation efficiency. Through mechanical transmission, the compressor is directly driven by the low-speed, high-torque mechanical energy of the main shaft rotation. Compared to traditional compressed air energy storage, which requires "wind energy mechanical energy → electrical energy → power transmission and transformation → motor → compressor mechanical energy," this eliminates intermediate steps, storing mechanical energy at the source and significantly improving energy conversion efficiency. The wind turbine's mechanical energy is stored by connecting to a multi-stage compression cylinder (30) to generate compressed air and store its elastic potential energy. This simplifies intermediate components such as gearboxes, generators, transformers (boosting and buckling), and motors, eliminating the old structural problems of a top-heavy nacelle. This makes lifting and installation easier, ensures stable operation, and prevents collapse. Furthermore, the absence of numerous meshing gears that amplify noise through resonance in the nacelle and blades (similar to a cello soundbox) significantly reduces noise and improves mechanical efficiency. It also allows for the large-scale, centralized integration of small, scattered generator sets within individual wind turbine nacelles. The integration of the wind power generation system 40 into a ground-based super-large power generation system saves on technical equipment and improves power generation efficiency. It also makes ground inspection, maintenance, and fire fighting more convenient. The electricity generated by the wind power generation system 40 can also be fed back to the electrolyzer 21. When the photovoltaic power generation system 20 is in a state of overcast weather or lack of sunlight and cannot convert electricity normally, it can assist the electrolyzer 21 in carrying out a continuous and stable electrolysis reaction. The hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolyzer 21 can also be fed back into the wind power energy storage and release process to provide additional heating for the compressed gas combustion method. The two complement each other.

[0034] Other relevant settings for photovoltaic power generation 20 include:

[0035] Specifically, in the past, there was no convenient place to store oxygen, nor was a better use found. Therefore, it was often wasted by letting it escape in order to save trouble. Now, by storing it in the almost free wind turbine tower 10, it can be used with hydrogen to assist combustion and heat the compressed gas, and then enter the gas turbine of the power generation system 40 as an ultra-high temperature combustion gas.

[0036] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the prepared hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen gas bag, and the prepared oxygen is introduced into the oxygen gas bag; the outer wall of the hydrogen gas bag and the oxygen gas bag can be elastically deformed, and the hydrogen gas bag and the oxygen gas bag are arranged inside the windmill tower 10 of the wind power generation.

[0037] Specifically, the gas bag is arranged inside the windmill tower 10, which can greatly improve the strength of the tower after gas storage, including the tower after storing compressed air, because of the tire inflation effect and the coke bottle inflation effect. In addition, the carbon fiber and glass fiber wound on the outer wall of the tower can further increase the gas storage pressure and improve the strength to resist 70 m / s of strong wind. The ladder inside the tower can be arranged in a small thin-walled cylinder outside the tower to provide more sufficient storage space.

[0038] Among them, other related settings of wind power generation are as follows:

[0039] In the optional solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multi-stage compressed air cylinder 30 in each windmill tower 10 (in the top end of the windmill tower 10) generates high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air, which is transmitted to the ground central heat exchange station 50 through the heat preservation pipeline. The ground central heat exchange station 50 can exchange heat and store heat according to the temperature gradient (according to the temperature gradient sequence, first exchange heat and store heat with molten salt, and then exchange heat and store heat with cheap water, fully utilizing the compression heat carried) of the high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air. The high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air becomes high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air after heat exchange in the ground central heat exchange station 50, which can be stored for standby, and the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air is used to expand and generate electricity in the power generation system 40.

[0040] Specifically, the compression heat of the earliest compressed air is wasted, resulting in a decrease in cold pressure after expansion when entering the subsequent power generation system 40, and the need for natural gas to supplement combustion to increase temperature and pressure. Burning natural gas still has carbon emissions. The improved version at home and abroad in the later period recovers heat energy by storing and recycling the compression heat to improve efficiency. However, it is impossible to return 100% of the heat energy through heat exchanger heat exchange, and the compression heat belongs to the medium-temperature range. To further improve the temperature and efficiency, combustion must be relied on to increase the temperature. Burning natural gas has carbon, but burning hydrogen gas has zero carbon and only emits water vapor. The wind and light bases have a large amount of cheap hydrogen and oxygen prepared by themselves, which can be used to supplement combustion to increase the temperature of the hydrogen and oxygen generated and stored in the electrolytic tank 21, thereby reducing nitrogen oxide emissions.

[0041] In the optional solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the multi-stage compression cylinder 30 includes an outer cylinder body 31, a telescopic piston rod 32, and a fixed piston rod 33. The outer cylinder body 31 has a hollow cavity, and the telescopic piston rod 32 has a first end and a second end. The first end is located within the hollow cavity and divides the inner cavity of the hollow cavity into an upper medium-pressure gas chamber 34 and a lower low-pressure gas chamber 35. The first end of the telescopic piston rod 32 is slidably disposed within the hollow cavity along a first direction. The second end extends out of the hollow cavity. The telescopic piston rod 32 has a high-pressure gas chamber 36 and a fixed piston rod 33. The lower opening is connected to the cavity, and a fixed piston rod 33 is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity. The upper end of the fixed piston rod 33 is installed inside the high-pressure gas chamber 36 through the lower opening. The fixed piston rod 33 has a fixed channel. The lower low-pressure gas chamber has a gas inlet, and the gas inlet is equipped with a first one-way valve 351 that allows one-way access to the lower low-pressure gas chamber. The first end is provided with a connecting channel for connecting the upper medium-pressure gas chamber 34 and the lower low-pressure gas chamber, and a second one-way valve 341 that allows one-way access to the upper medium-pressure gas chamber 34 is provided in the connecting channel. A high-pressure gas inlet is provided on the side wall of the telescopic piston rod 32 located in the upper and medium-pressure gas chamber 34 to connect the upper and medium-pressure gas chamber 34 with the high-pressure gas chamber 36. The relative movement of the telescopic piston rod 32 and the fixed piston rod 33 can make the high-pressure gas inlet either closed or open. The gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 36 flows unidirectionally into the fixed channel through the third one-way valve 331. Gears 22 are fixed on the main shaft of each wind turbine of the wind power generation. Arc-shaped meshing teeth 221 are fixed on the outer side wall of the gears 22 (to avoid the two sides...). Simultaneously, the meshing lock is engaged, and a small half of the circle, approximately 170 degrees, can be used to set the arc segment meshing teeth 221; the second end of the telescopic piston rod 32 is fixedly provided with a rack and pinion 23, and the end of the rack and pinion 23 near the gear 22 has a first rack and a second rack that are parallel and fixed together. The gear 22 is located between the first rack and the second rack, and the arc segment meshing teeth 221 of the gear 22 can mesh with the teeth on the first rack or the second rack. The rotation of the gear 22 can drive the rack and pinion 23 to reciprocate along the first direction.

[0042] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the upper medium-pressure gas chamber 34 and the lower low-pressure gas chamber 35 are connected to the fixed channel through the common channel 37, and the gas in the upper medium-pressure gas chamber 34 flows into the common channel 37 in one direction through the fourth one-way valve 371, and the gas in the lower low-pressure gas chamber 35 flows into the common channel 37 in one direction through the fifth one-way valve 372.

[0043] Specifically, each one-way valve is provided with a certain opening pressure, so that the compressed gas can reach a certain pressure before being supplied to the subsequent, i.e., when the gas pressure in each chamber reaches the required pressure, it can be supplied to the subsequent through the corresponding independent channel (for example, the middle-pressure gas chamber 34 is connected to the common channel 37 through the fourth one-way valve 371, the low-pressure gas chamber 35 is connected to the common channel 37 through the fifth one-way valve 372, and the high-pressure gas chamber 36 is connected to the fixed channel through the third one-way valve 331); when the gas entering the previous cavity does not reach the corresponding pressure after compression, it enters the next cavity for further compression until it reaches the pressure that can be supplied to the subsequent and then discharged (for example, the gas entering the low-pressure gas chamber 35 first is compressed and does not reach the corresponding pressure requirement, and then enters the high-pressure gas chamber 36 through the second one-way valve 341 for further compression; if it reaches the standard after compression, it is discharged from the common channel 37 to the subsequent through the fourth one-way valve 371; if its pressure still does not reach the corresponding pressure requirement, it enters the high-pressure gas chamber 36 through the high-pressure gas inlet for further compression).

[0044] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air can be stored in the windmill tower 10 or the hollowed-out mine or salt cave.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the power generation system 40 includes a gas turbine power generation system 41, a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system 42, and an organic Rankine power generation system 43 arranged in sequence (each power generation system 40 is a prior art and will not be described in detail).

[0046] Specifically, the three-stage cycle temperature of hydrogen combustion assisted by pure oxygen is increased by 300 degrees compared with air combustion, the nitrogen oxide emission is reduced, the first-stage cycle is 1600 degrees, the second-stage cycle is 620 degrees, and the third-stage cycle is 200 degrees.

[0047] Specifically, compressed air is physical energy storage, and electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen is chemical energy storage. Both are long-term seasonal energy storage methods, and there is enough space to operate in the west or at sea. In addition, the production of hydrogen and oxygen and power generation can be switched and allocated at any time according to the needs, and the utilization rate of the electrolytic tank 21 is improved.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1As shown in the figure, the gas turbine in the gas turbine power generation system 41 has a combustion chamber 411, and the combustion chamber 411 is provided with a corresponding turbine 412 at both ends, respectively. The high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air is passed into the combustion chamber 411 after heat exchange and temperature rise, and the stored hydrogen and oxygen are used in each ceramic igniter 413 in the combustion chamber 411 (the stored hydrogen and oxygen can also be used to supplement the combustion, temperature, pressure and energy of the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air entering the combustion chamber 411 through necessary equipment), and each ceramic igniter 413 is used for ignition and combustion support. The rotating directions of the two turbines 412 can make the work superimposed.

[0049] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, more preferably, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the ground central heat exchange station 50 includes a molten salt heat exchange and storage system 51 and a water heat exchange and storage system 52 (which is prior art and will not be described in detail); during energy storage, the high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air is collected to the ground central heat exchange station 50 through the heat preservation pipeline, and then is heat exchanged with the molten salt heat exchange and storage system 51, and then is heat exchanged with the water heat exchange and storage system 52; during energy release, the heat exchange sequence is reversed.

[0050] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, more preferably, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air before entering the combustion chamber can be heat exchanged and temperature raised with the water heat exchange and storage system 52 and the molten salt heat exchange and storage system 51 in sequence and then passed into the combustion chamber (that is, through reverse heat exchange, the heat of the stored heat is used to heat and temperature raise the high-pressure normal-temperature compressed air).

[0051] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the power distribution cabinet 60 integrates the electric energy generated by the three power generation systems (each power generation system includes a generator), a part of which is sent to the power grid 61, and the other part is returned to the electrolytic tank for electrolysis to generate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0052] The specific examples are applied in the present application to describe the principles and implementation modes of the present application. The above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An optimization of wind and solar hydrogen production and storage combined with compressed air energy storage for hydrogen refueling and thermodynamic cycle, characterized in that: An electrolytic cell is installed at the location of photovoltaic power generation, and the low-voltage DC power generated by photovoltaic power generation is used to power the electrolytic cell. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced through electrolysis in the electrolytic cell. The produced hydrogen and oxygen can be stored in a container in the wind turbine tower of a wind power generation system. Each wind turbine's main shaft drives a multi-stage compression cylinder via mechanical transmission to pressurize compressed air and generate compressed gas; the compressed gas can be stored for later use, and the compressed gas is used to expand and generate electricity in the power generation system. A portion of the electrical energy generated by the power generation system can power the electrolytic cell; and the stored hydrogen and oxygen can heat and pressurize the compressed gas introduced into the power generation system in a supplementary combustion manner.

2. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage compression cylinders inside each wind turbine tower generate high-pressure, medium-temperature compressed air. This high-pressure, medium-temperature compressed air is then transported to a ground-based central heat exchange station via insulated pipes. The ground-based central heat exchange station can exchange and store the compressed heat carried by the high-pressure, medium-temperature compressed air according to the temperature gradient. After heat exchange at the ground-based central heat exchange station, the high-pressure, medium-temperature compressed air becomes high-pressure, ambient-temperature compressed air. This high-pressure, ambient-temperature compressed air can be stored for later use and is also used to power the power generation system for expansion and power generation.

3. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen refueling, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage compression cylinder includes an outer cylinder body, a telescopic piston rod, and a fixed piston rod; The outer cylinder has a hollow cavity, and the telescopic piston rod has a first end and a second end. The first end is located inside the hollow cavity and divides the inner cavity of the hollow cavity into an upper medium-pressure gas chamber and a lower low-pressure gas chamber. The first end of the telescopic piston rod is slidably disposed inside the hollow cavity along a first direction. The second end extends out of the hollow cavity. The telescopic piston rod has a high-pressure gas chamber and a lower opening communicating with the high-pressure gas chamber. The fixed piston rod is fixedly disposed in the hollow cavity, and the upper end of the fixed piston rod is disposed in the high-pressure gas chamber through the lower opening. The fixed piston rod has a fixed channel inside. The lower low-pressure gas chamber has a gas inlet, which is equipped with a first one-way valve that allows one-way access into the lower low-pressure gas chamber. The first end is provided with a connecting channel for connecting the upper medium-pressure gas chamber and the lower low-pressure gas chamber, and a second one-way valve that allows one-way access into the upper medium-pressure gas chamber is provided within the connecting channel. A high-pressure gas inlet is provided on the side wall of the telescopic piston rod located in the upper medium-pressure gas chamber for connecting the upper medium-pressure gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber. The relative movement of the telescopic piston rod and the fixed piston rod allows the high-pressure gas inlet to be either closed or open. Gas from the high-pressure gas chamber flows unidirectionally into the fixed channel through a third one-way valve. Gears are fixed on the main shafts of each wind turbine in the wind power generation system, and arc-shaped meshing teeth are fixed on the outer side wall of the gears; a rack and pinion is fixedly provided at the second end of the telescopic piston rod, and the rack and pinion has a first rack and a second rack that are parallel and fixed together at the end of the rack and pinion near the gear. The gear is located between the first rack and the second rack, and the arc-shaped meshing teeth of the gear can mesh with the teeth on the first rack or the second rack. The rotation of the gear can drive the rack and pinion to reciprocate along the first direction.

4. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper medium-pressure gas chamber and the lower low-pressure gas chamber are connected to the fixed channel through a common channel, and the gas in the upper medium-pressure gas chamber flows into the common channel in one direction through the fourth one-way valve, and the gas in the lower low-pressure gas chamber flows into the common channel in one direction through the fifth one-way valve.

5. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prepared hydrogen gas is introduced into a hydrogen gas bag, and the prepared oxygen gas is introduced into an oxygen gas bag; the outer walls of the hydrogen gas bag and the oxygen gas bag are elastically deformable, and both the hydrogen gas bag and the oxygen gas bag are located inside the wind turbine tower of the wind power generation.

6. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure, ambient-temperature compressed air can be stored in the wind turbine tower, the excavated mine shaft, or the salt cavern.

7. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground-based central heat exchange station includes a molten salt heat exchange and storage system and a water heat exchange and storage system. The high-pressure medium-temperature compressed air first exchanges heat with the molten salt heat exchange and storage system through the insulated pipe, and then exchanges heat with the water heat exchange and storage system.

8. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation system includes a gas turbine power generation system, a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system, and an organic Rankine power generation system arranged in sequence.

9. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen replenishment, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas turbine in the gas turbine power generation system has a combustion chamber, and each end of the combustion chamber is equipped with a corresponding turbine that rotates coaxially. The high-pressure, ambient-temperature compressed air is heated by heat exchange and then introduced into the combustion chamber. The stored hydrogen and oxygen are used to ignite each ceramic igniter in the combustion chamber, and each ceramic igniter is used to ignite and assist combustion. The rotation direction of the two turbines enables the work to be superimposed.

10. The wind-solar hydrogen production and storage, compressed air energy storage for hydrogen refueling, and thermodynamic cycle optimization according to claim 9, characterized in that: The high-pressure, ambient-temperature compressed air is sequentially heated by exchanging heat with the water heat exchange and storage system and the molten salt heat exchange and storage system before being introduced into the combustion chamber.

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