Self-adaptive scraper conveyor and aligning method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of scraper conveyors, in particular to a self-adaptive scraper conveyor and an aligning method.The self-adaptive scraper conveyor comprises a trough, a track, scrapers and a chain, the track is fixedly installed on the trough in the moving direction of the scrapers on the trough, the scrapers are arranged on the track in a sliding mode, and the scrapers comprise the upper scraper and the lower scraper, the chain is fixedly clamped between the upper scraping plate and the lower scraping plate; a roller mechanism is arranged in the lower scraper and comprises a roller, and the roller is rotatably arranged relative to the lower scraper and rolls on the track; and a coal cleaning return mechanism for cleaning coal briquettes is arranged at the lower part of the front side of the lower scraper blade in the moving direction. Friction force in the moving process of the scraper is reduced through the roller mechanism, and coal briquette cleaning, deviation real-time detection and early warning and automatic return in the moving process of the scraper are completed through the coal cleaning return mechanism and the telescopic return mechanism.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of scraper conveyors, in particular to a self-adaptive scraper conveyor and a method for returning to normal. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the scraper conveyor operates in a high-pollution industrial environment such as a coal mine, impurities such as coal-based dust and muddy sediments often exist in the conveying trough. During the periodic sliding of the scraper, impurities are easily accumulated in the structural gaps. Long-term use of the accumulated impurities will increase the running resistance of the scraper. In addition, during the operation of the scraper, there are situations such as sudden blockage between large coal rocks and poor flatness of the middle trough bottom, which will cause collisions between the bottom plate and the scraper at the fault position, and there is a high probability that the scraper will be off-load, further increasing the impact force on the chain, and even causing chain jamming. However, there are few technical solutions in the prior art for real-time early warning monitoring or automatic correction of chain jamming. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the above problems and provides a self-adaptive scraper conveyor and a method for returning to normal, which adopts the following technical solutions: A self-adaptive scraper conveyor, comprising a trough, a track, a scraper and a chain, the track is fixedly installed on the trough along the direction of movement of the scraper in the trough, the number of tracks is 2, and the tracks are arranged in parallel, the scraper is slidably arranged on the track in the trough, the scraper comprises an upper scraper and a lower scraper, the chain is fixedly connected between the upper scraper and the lower scraper, the bottom of the lower scraper is provided with a track guide groove for the track to pass through, the shape of the track guide groove is consistent with the shape of the track; the inside of the lower scraper is provided with a roller mechanism, the roller mechanism comprises a roller, the roller is rotatably arranged relative to the lower scraper and rolls on the track; a coal cleaning and returning mechanism for cleaning coal is arranged at the lower part of the front side of the lower scraper in the moving direction.

[0004] On the basis of the above-mentioned scheme, the roller mechanism further comprises a top plate frame, a bearing seat, a bearing and a rolling shaft, the top plate frame is fixedly installed inside the lower scraper, the bearing seat is connected below the top plate frame, the bearing is installed inside the bearing seat, the rolling shaft rotates synchronously with the inner ring of the bearing, and the roller is coaxially fixedly connected with the rolling shaft.

[0005] On the basis of the above-mentioned scheme, the roller is conical, and the diameter of the roller gradually decreases in the direction towards the relative inner side, the relative outer side of the roller is coaxially fixedly connected with a roller positioning edge, the diameter of the roller positioning edge is greater than the maximum diameter of the roller, and the lower edge of the roller positioning edge is lower than the upper edge of the track.

[0006] Preferably, the top frame is a hollow rectangular structure, a sealing pad mounting groove is arranged outside the top frame, the sealing pad mounting groove is filled with a first sealing pad, a second sealing pad is arranged at the lower part of the top frame, the first sealing pad and the second sealing pad are arranged between the top frame and the lower scraper, and the second sealing pad wraps the outside of the bearing seat.

[0007] Preferably, the roller mechanism further comprises a buffer mechanism, the buffer mechanism further comprises a buffer connecting rod and a first buffer spring, the buffer connecting rod is fixedly installed on the lower side of the top frame in the vertical direction, the upper end of the first buffer spring is connected to the bottom of the buffer connecting rod, and the lower end of the first buffer spring extends into the bearing seat and is fixedly connected with the bearing seat.

[0008] Preferably, the coal cleaning and returning mechanism comprises a connecting frame, a connecting shaft, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a coal pushing rod, the connecting frame is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving direction of the lower scraper, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting frame in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the scraper, one end of the first connecting rod is hingedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower end of a supporting rod, the upper end of the supporting rod penetrates through the connecting frame and slides relative to the connecting frame, the supporting rod is sleeved with a second buffer spring, and the two ends of the second buffer spring are respectively abutted between the connecting frame and the other end of the first connecting rod; the number of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is respectively 2, and they are respectively arranged in parallel; the upper end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod, and the lower end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with a coal shoveling plate, the two coal shoveling plates are respectively clamped on the two sides in the horizontal direction of the track; the upper end of the coal pushing rod is connected to the connecting shaft, and the lower end is abutted on the upper side of the track, the coal pushing rod is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the lower end of the coal pushing rod is tapered.

[0009] Preferably, a telescopic returning mechanism is further arranged between the connecting frame and the lower scraper, the telescopic returning mechanism comprises an electric cylinder, a telescopic rod and a pressure sensor, the telescopic rod is connected between the coal cleaning and returning mechanism and the lower scraper in the horizontal direction, the pressure sensor is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod, and the electric cylinder drives the telescopic rod to perform telescopic action.

[0010] Preferably, the cross section of the track is an I-shaped type, and track pressing blocks are detachably pressed on the two sides of the lower part of the track, the track pressing blocks are fixedly installed on the chute by pressing block fixing screws.

[0011] A method for returning the scraper conveyor, comprising the following steps, S1. The coal shoveling plate is clamped outside the middle part of the I-shaped track, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure value; S2-1. If the pressure value is greater than the first threshold value, it is determined that the scraper is deviated, causing the coal cleaning and returning mechanism to tilt to one side in the horizontal direction and press the telescopic rod; S2-2. The electric cylinder drives the telescopic rod to elongate, drives the connecting frame to deflect in the opposite direction, and returns the scraper until the scraper is returned; S3-1. If the pressure value is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the scraper has deviated, causing the coal cleaning and straightening mechanism to tilt to one side in the horizontal direction and stretch the telescopic rod; S3-2. The electric cylinder drives the telescopic rod to shorten, causing the connecting frame to deflect in the opposite direction until the scraper returns to the center.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The I-shaped slide rail and roller mechanism are set up to change the sliding friction of the traditional scraper conveyor to rolling friction, which greatly reduces the friction during the movement of the scraper, reduces the wear of the scraper and the trough, and extends the service life of the equipment. On the other hand, the roller mechanism on both sides realizes the function of preventing the lower scraper from falling off the track, and helps to prevent the scraper from deviating. 2. The roller mechanism is equipped with a buffer mechanism to buffer the longitudinal instantaneous load on the scraper and reduce component damage; 3. A coal cleaning and straightening mechanism is set up. First, it cleans up the scattered coal chunks and impurities on the track in front of the scraper to prevent the scraper from getting blocked. Second, the coal shovel plate limits the travel angle of the coal cleaning and straightening mechanism and the scraper to prevent the scraper from deflecting. Third, the second buffer spring provides the longitudinal range of motion of the coal shovel plate, so that it can adaptively adjust according to the height of the coal shovel plate track, making it easier for the coal shovel plate to cross the gap between adjacent tracks with height differences. 4. The telescopic return mechanism works in conjunction with the coal cleaning return mechanism. By detecting the pressure between the connecting frame and the lower scraper, the contact pressure between the coal shovel plate on that side and the track is reflected, and then the deflection warning signal of the scraper is calculated. By adjusting the length of the telescopic rod, the angle between the two sides of the scraper and the track is adjusted, thereby making the scraper return to the center. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; Figure 3 : Cross-sectional view of the scraper of this invention; Figure 4 This invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part B in the middle; Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the roller mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the coal cleaning and straightening mechanism of this invention; Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the installation position of the telescopic return mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 : Schematic diagram of the telescopic return mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 : The flow chart of the correcting method of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments: In the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0015] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0016] In the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include the direct contact of the first and second features, or can include the contact of the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "above" and "above" of the first feature to the second feature include the vertical direction of the first feature above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature include the vertical direction of the first feature below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0017] As shown in Figures 1 to 8 An adaptive scraper conveyor, comprising a trough 1, a track 2, a scraper and a chain 4. The track 2 is fixedly installed on the trough 1 along the direction of the scraper moving on the trough 1, the number of the track 2 is 2, and the track 2 is parallelly arranged, the cross section of the track 2 is I-shaped, and the middle part of the track 2 is inwardly recessed, as Figure 2As shown, the lower part of the track 2 is detachably pressed with track pressing blocks 21, which are fixedly installed on the trough 1 through pressing block fixing screws 22, thereby assisting in fixing the track 2. When the track 2 reaches the service life or is damaged, the track 2 can be replaced by detaching the pressing block fixing screws 22 and the track pressing blocks 21, thereby reducing the wear and replacement frequency of the trough 1.

[0018] The scraper is slidably arranged on the track 2 in the trough 1, and the scraper includes an upper scraper 31 and a lower scraper 32, and a circular hole is left between the upper scraper 31 and the lower scraper 32. The chain 4 is fixedly clamped between the upper scraper 31 and the lower scraper 32, penetrates the circular hole, and is fixedly connected with the scraper.

[0019] As shown in the drawings, Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the lower scraper 32 is provided with a track guide groove 321 for the track 2 to pass through, and the shape of the track guide groove 321 is consistent with the shape of the track 2. Specifically, the track guide groove 321 also includes a part for the track pressing block 21 and the fixing screw 22 to pass through.

[0020] As shown in the drawings, Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the inside of the lower scraper 32 is provided with a roller mechanism, which includes a roller 523, the roller 523 is rotatably arranged relative to the lower scraper 32 and rolls on the track 2. The roller mechanism also includes a top plate frame 511, a bearing seat 521, a bearing 522, and a rolling shaft 525, the top plate frame 511 is fixedly installed inside the lower scraper 32, the bearing seat 521 is connected below the top plate frame 511, the bearing 522 is installed inside the bearing seat 521, the rolling shaft 525 rotates synchronously with the inner ring of the bearing 522, the roller 523 is coaxially fixedly connected with the rolling shaft 525, and the above structure makes the two rollers 523 rotate synchronously. Preferably, the roller mechanism or the roller 523 and the rolling shaft 525 are detachably connected with the lower scraper 32.

[0021] The roller 523 is conical, and the diameter of the roller 523 gradually decreases along the direction towards the relative inner side. The conical structure can correct the longitudinal load received by the roller 523 into a transverse load, thereby pushing the roller 523 to have a tendency to move towards the relative inner side, so that the roller 523 always remains in the center of the track. Through the cooperation of the two rollers 523, the scraper can maintain a normal moving posture and avoid deflection. In addition, the conical structure of the roller 523 makes the roller mechanism and the scraper more easily adhere to the track 2 when turning, thereby avoiding falling off or deflection.

[0022] The relative outer side of the roller 523 is coaxially fixedly connected with a roller positioning edge 524, the diameter of the roller positioning edge 524 is greater than the maximum diameter of the roller 523, and the lower edge of the roller positioning edge 524 is lower than the upper edge of the track 2, thereby limiting the relative position of the roller and the track 2, and preventing the scraper from falling off or deviating from the track 2.

[0023] The top plate frame 511 is a hollow rectangular structure, and a sealing gasket mounting groove 512 is arranged outside the top plate frame 511, the sealing gasket mounting groove 512 is filled with a first sealing gasket, and a second sealing gasket 513 is arranged at the lower part of the top plate frame 511, the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket 513 are arranged between the top plate frame 511 and the lower scraper 32, and the second sealing gasket 513 is wrapped outside the bearing seat 521, by arranging the sealing gasket, on the one hand, the coal powder or impurities around the scraper is avoided from entering the roller mechanism to cause damage or blockage, and on the other hand, the roller mechanism can be effectively damped and buffered.

[0024] The roller mechanism further comprises a buffer mechanism, the buffer mechanism further comprises a buffer connecting rod 531 and a first buffer spring 532, the buffer connecting rod 531 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the top plate frame 511 in the vertical direction, the upper end of the first buffer spring 532 is connected to the bottom of the buffer connecting rod 531, the lower end of the first buffer spring 532 extends into the bearing seat 521 and is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 521. The buffer mechanism buffers the instantaneous load received by the roller mechanism and the scraper, and reduces the damage received by the components.

[0025] The lower scraper 32 is provided with a coal cleaning and returning mechanism 6 at the lower part of the front side of the moving direction, which is used to clean the coal blocks. Figure 7As shown, the coal cleaning and returning mechanism 6 includes a connecting frame 611, a connecting shaft 612, a first connecting rod 613, a second connecting rod 621, and a coal pushing rod 63. The connecting frame 611 is fixedly installed on the front side of the lower scraper 32 in the moving direction of the lower scraper 32. The connecting shaft 612 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 611 in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the scraper. One end of the first connecting rod 613 is hingedly connected to the connecting shaft 612, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower end of a supporting rod 614. The upper end of the supporting rod 614 penetrates through the connecting frame 611 and slides relative to the connecting frame 611. The supporting rod 614 is sleeved with a second buffer spring 615, and the two ends of the second buffer spring 615 are respectively abutted between the connecting frame 611 and the other end of the first connecting rod 613. The number of the first connecting rod 613 and the second connecting rod 621 is respectively two, and they are respectively arranged in parallel. The upper end of the second connecting rod 621 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 613, and the lower end of the second connecting rod 621 is fixedly connected to a coal shoveling plate 622. The two coal shoveling plates 622 are respectively clamped on both sides of the track 2 in the horizontal direction, and specifically, they are clamped in the grooves on both sides of the middle part of the I-shaped track. The upper end of the coal pushing rod 63 is connected to the connecting shaft 612, and the lower end is abutted on the upper side of the track 2. The coal pushing rod 63 is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the lower end of the coal pushing rod 63 is tapered. When the scraper moves along the track 2, the coal pushing rod 63 removes the coal and impurities on the upper part of the track 2 in front of the scraper, and the coal shoveling plate 622 removes the coal and impurities on both sides of the track 2 in front of the scraper, which facilitates the smooth movement of the scraper. At the same time, the coal shoveling plate 622 is clamped with the track 2 to position the scraper, avoiding the deflection or falling of the scraper from the track 2. When the track 2 has a height difference between adjacent tracks due to the uneven bottom plate of the middle groove, the coal shoveling plate 622 adaptively moves longitudinally to adapt to the height change. At this time, the second connecting rod 621 drives the first connecting rod 613 to rotate around the connecting shaft 612, and the supporting rod 614 moves longitudinally to provide a position change range for the coal shoveling plate 622. At the same time, the second buffer spring 615 buffers the position change of the coal shoveling plate 622. Preferably, the coal shoveling plate 622 is detachably connected to the second connecting rod 621, thereby prolonging the service life of the coal cleaning and returning mechanism.

[0026] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 The telescopic returning mechanism is arranged between the connecting frame 611 and the lower scraper 32. The telescopic returning mechanism includes an electric cylinder 71, a telescopic rod 72, and a pressure sensor 73. The telescopic rod 72 is connected between the coal cleaning and returning mechanism 6 and the lower scraper 32 in the horizontal direction. The pressure sensor 73 is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod 72. The electric cylinder 71 drives the telescopic rod 72 to perform telescopic action, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the connecting frame 611 and the scraper.

[0027] As shown in Figure 10 A scraper conveyor returning method includes the following steps, S1. The coal shoveling plate 622 is clamped outside the middle of the I-shaped rail 2, and the pressure sensor 73 detects the pressure value; when the scraper is normally running, the coal shoveling plate 622 is normally clamped, the connecting frame 611 does not have a relative position offset with the scraper, and the pressure value is normal; when the scraper is deflected due to chain breakage, chain jamming or other reasons, the coal shoveling plate 622 of the coal cleaning and returning mechanism is deflected, causing the relative pose and contact pressure between the coal shoveling plate 622 and the rail 2 to be abnormal, the abnormal pose is transmitted to the connecting frame 611 through the coal shoveling plate 622, the second connecting rod 621 and the connecting shaft 612, causing a slight change in the relative pose of the connecting frame 611 and the scraper, and then compressing or stretching the telescopic rod 72, and the change is reflected through the pressure value of the pressure sensor 73. Since the telescopic rods 72 of the telescopic returning mechanisms on both sides change when the scraper is deflected, the electric cylinders 71 on both sides act synchronously during returning.

[0028] S2-1. If the pressure value is greater than the first threshold value, it is determined that the scraper is deflected, causing the coal cleaning and returning mechanism 6 to tilt to one side in the horizontal direction and press the telescopic rod 72 on that side; S2-2. The electric cylinder 71 drives the telescopic rod 72 to elongate, driving the connecting frame 611 to deflect in the opposite direction until the scraper is returned to normal; S3-1. If the pressure value is less than the second threshold value, it is determined that the scraper is deflected, causing the coal cleaning and returning mechanism 6 to tilt to one side in the horizontal direction and stretch the telescopic rod 72 on that side; S3-2. The electric cylinder 71 drives the telescopic rod 72 to shorten, driving the connecting frame 611 to deflect in the opposite direction until the scraper is returned to normal.

[0029] Optionally, the electric cylinders 71 on both sides act intermittently during the returning process, and the pressure value of the pressure sensor 73 is detected between adjacent actions to determine whether it is within the normal pressure value range. If it is within the normal pressure value range, it indicates that the returning is complete, and the electric cylinder 71 stops acting; if the pressure value is still abnormal, it indicates that the returning is not complete, and the electric cylinder 71 continues to drive the telescopic rod 72 to act.

[0030] The above describes the present application by way of example, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any modification or change made based on the present application falls within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An adaptive flight conveyor, characterized in that, The utility model provides a coal block cleaning device, including trough (1), track (2), scraper and chain (4), track (2) is fixedly installed on the trough (1) along the direction that scraper moves on the trough (1), the number of track (2) is 2, and parallelly arranged, the track (2) is slidably arranged on the track (2) in the trough (1), the scraper includes upper scraper (31) and lower scraper (32), the chain (4) is fixedly connected between upper scraper (31) and lower scraper (32), and the bottom of lower scraper (32) is provided with track guide groove (321) for track (2) to pass through, the shape of track guide groove (321) is consistent with the shape of track (2), the inside of lower scraper (32) is provided with gyro wheel mechanism, the gyro wheel mechanism includes gyro wheel (523), gyro wheel (523) is rotatably arranged relative to lower scraper (32), and rolls on track (2), the lower part of the front side of lower scraper (32) is provided with coal cleaning back mechanism (6) for cleaning coal block.

2. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that The gyro wheel mechanism further includes top plate frame (511), bearing seat (521), bearing (522) and rolling shaft (525), the top plate frame (511) is fixedly installed in the inside of lower scraper (32), the bearing seat (521) is connected below the top plate frame (511), the bearing (522) is installed in the inside of bearing seat (521), the rolling shaft (525) rotates synchronously with the inner ring of bearing (522), and the gyro wheel (523) is coaxially fixedly connected with the rolling shaft (525).

3. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that The gyro wheel (523) is conical, and the diameter of gyro wheel (523) gradually decreases along the direction to the relative inside, and the relative outside of gyro wheel (523) is coaxially fixedly connected with gyro wheel positioning edge (524), the diameter of gyro wheel positioning edge (524) is greater than the maximum diameter of gyro wheel (523), and the lower edge of gyro wheel positioning edge (524) is lower than the upper edge of track (2).

4. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that The top plate frame (511) is a hollow rectangular structure, and a sealing gasket mounting groove (512) is arranged on the outside of the top plate frame (511), the sealing gasket mounting groove (512) is filled with a first sealing gasket, and a second sealing gasket (513) is arranged on the lower part of the top plate frame (511), the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket (513) are arranged between the top plate frame (511) and the lower scraper (32), and the second sealing gasket (513) is wrapped outside the bearing seat (521).

5. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that The gyro wheel mechanism further includes a buffer mechanism, the buffer mechanism further includes a buffer connecting rod (531) and a first buffer spring (532), the buffer connecting rod (531) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the top plate frame (511) in the vertical direction, the upper end of the first buffer spring (532) is connected to the bottom of the buffer connecting rod (531), the lower end of the first buffer spring (532) extends into the bearing seat (521) and is fixedly connected with the bearing seat (521).

6. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that The coal cleaning and returning mechanism (6) comprises a connecting frame (611), a connecting shaft (612), a first connecting rod (613), a second connecting rod (621) and a coal pushing rod (63). The connecting frame (611) is fixedly installed on the front side of the lower scraper (32) in the moving direction. The connecting shaft (612) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (611) in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the scraper. One end of the first connecting rod (613) is hingedly connected to the connecting shaft (612), and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower end of a supporting rod (614). The upper end of the supporting rod (614) penetrates through the connecting frame (611) and slides relative to the connecting frame (611). The supporting rod (614) is externally sleeved with a second buffer spring (615). The two ends of the second buffer spring (615) are respectively abutted between the connecting frame (611) and the other end of the first connecting rod (613). The number of the first connecting rod (613) and the second connecting rod (621) is respectively two, and they are respectively arranged in parallel. The upper end of the second connecting rod (621) is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod (613), and the lower end of the second connecting rod (621) is fixedly connected to a coal shoveling plate (622). The two coal shoveling plates (622) are respectively clamped on the two sides in the horizontal direction of the track (2). The upper end of the coal pushing rod (63) is connected to the connecting shaft (612), and the lower end is abutted on the upper side of the track (2). The coal pushing rod (63) is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the lower end of the coal pushing rod (63) is tapered.

7. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that A telescopic returning mechanism is further arranged between the connecting frame (611) and the lower scraper (32). The telescopic returning mechanism comprises an electric cylinder (71), a telescopic rod (72) and a pressure sensor (73). The telescopic rod (72) is connected between the coal cleaning and returning mechanism (6) and the lower scraper (32) in the horizontal direction. The pressure sensor (73) is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod (72). The electric cylinder (71) drives the telescopic rod (72) to perform telescopic action.

8. An adaptive flight conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track (2) has an I-shaped cross section. Track pressing blocks (21) are detachably pressed and fitted on the two sides of the lower part of the track (2). The track pressing blocks (21) are fixedly installed on the chute (1) by pressing block fixing screws (22).

9. A method of reversing a flight conveyor, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1. The coal shoveling plate (622) is clamped on the outside of the middle part of the I-shaped track (2), and the pressure sensor (73) detects the pressure value. S2-1. If the pressure value is greater than the first threshold value, it is determined that the scraper is deviated, which causes the coal cleaning and returning mechanism (6) to tilt to one side in the horizontal direction and press the telescopic rod (72). S2-2. The electric cylinder (71) drives the telescopic rod (72) to elongate, drives the connecting frame (611) to deflect to the opposite direction, and returns the scraper to the normal position. S3-1. If the pressure value is less than the second threshold value, it is determined that the scraper is deviated, which causes the coal cleaning and returning mechanism (6) to tilt to one side in the horizontal direction and stretch the telescopic rod (72). S3-2. The electric cylinder (71) drives the telescopic rod (72) to shorten, drives the connecting frame (611) to deflect to the opposite direction, and returns the scraper to the normal position.

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