Polishing device for low-alloy steel stand column base

Abstract

The low-alloy steel stand column base polishing device comprises a machining table and a workpiece fixing system which is arranged on the two sides of the machining table and composed of a movable seat and a clamping plate, the outer side of the machining table is connected with a top plate through an electric rod, a main control circuit board is embedded in the top plate, and a vertical lead screw driven by a third driving motor is arranged below the top plate; a vertical sliding block arranged on the surface of the fixing base in a sleeving mode is connected with a transverse lead screw driven by a fourth driving motor, an adjusting base is installed below the transverse sliding block, and pitching adjustment of the fixing base is achieved through a fifth driving motor and a sixth driving motor on the adjusting base through a rotating shaft, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a U-shaped connecting plate. The front face and the back face of the adjusting base are provided with cameras for providing visual feedback, a pressure sensor is installed on the top of the fixing base, a polishing wheel driven by a seventh driving motor is arranged at the bottom of the fixing base, accurate positioning can be achieved through a double-lead-screw system, and multi-angle adjustment is completed by combining a bevel gear set, a U-shaped connecting plate and a double-motor driving mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal surface treatment, and in particular to a polishing device for a low-alloy steel column base. Background Technology

[0002] Low-alloy steel column bases are common key components in engineering structures, widely used in construction, bridges, and machinery. Low-alloy steel is a type of steel made by adding a small amount of alloying elements to carbon steel, possessing both high strength and good processing properties. As an important load-bearing component in buildings and infrastructure, the surface quality of low-alloy steel column bases directly affects the durability and aesthetics of the structure. Currently, metal surface polishing technology is widely used in the processing of various metal components. Common polishing methods include mechanical polishing, chemical polishing, and electrolytic polishing. With the development of industrial automation, automated polishing equipment is gradually replacing traditional manual polishing, improving production efficiency and consistency.

[0003] Common polishing methods for low-alloy steel column bases include: manual polishing, which involves manually operating a grinding wheel or polishing machine for surface treatment. Its advantages are high flexibility and adaptability to workpieces of different shapes, but its disadvantages are low efficiency and high labor intensity; fixed mechanical polishing, which uses a fixed polishing machine to polish the workpiece. Its advantages are high efficiency, but its disadvantages are poor adaptability to workpieces and difficulty in handling complex geometries; robotic polishing, which uses a programmed robotic arm to complete the polishing operation. Its advantages are high automation, but its disadvantages are high equipment cost and complex programming. Manual polishing is inefficient and relies heavily on worker experience, making it difficult to guarantee consistent polishing quality. Fixed mechanical polishing has poor adaptability to workpiece geometry and cannot meet the polishing needs of complex bases; while robotic polishing has a high degree of automation, its equipment cost and maintenance costs are high, and its programming and debugging cycle is long, making it unsuitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, a low-alloy steel column base polishing device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A polishing device for a low-alloy steel column base, comprising: The processing table and the movable seats set on both sides of the upper surface of the processing table, the inner side of the movable seats is connected with clamps, and electric rods are installed on the outer perimeter of the processing table. The telescopic end of the electric rod is equipped with a top plate, and the main control circuit board is installed in the inner cavity of the top plate. A vertical lead screw is set at the center of the lower surface of the top plate, and a third drive motor is coaxially connected to the end of the vertical lead screw. A vertical slider is sleeved on the surface of the vertical lead screw, and a horizontal lead screw is connected below the vertical slider. A fourth drive motor is coaxially connected to the end of the horizontal lead screw, and a horizontal slider is sleeved on the surface of the horizontal lead screw. An adjustment seat is located on the lower surface of the horizontal slider. A fifth drive motor and a sixth drive motor are respectively installed on both sides of the lower surface of the adjustment seat. A rotating shaft is connected to the rotating end of the fifth drive motor. An active bevel gear is installed on the surface of the rotating shaft. A driven bevel gear meshes with the active bevel gear below it. A U-shaped connecting plate is rotatably connected below the driven bevel gear. Cameras are installed on both the front and back of the adjustment seat. The U-shaped connecting plate is coaxially connected to the sixth drive motor. A fixed base is located below the U-shaped connecting plate, and a seventh drive motor is installed on the top of the fixed base. A pressure sensor is added to the top of the seventh drive motor, and a polishing wheel is installed at the bottom of the fixed base. The polishing wheel is coaxially connected to the seventh drive motor, and the fixed base is connected to the driven bevel gear.

[0005] A low-alloy steel column base is placed on the upper surface of the machining table. The two movable seats on both sides move the clamping plates inward, achieving horizontal clamping and fixation of the workpiece. An externally powered electric rod on the machining table raises and lowers the top plate, adjusting the height of the polishing wheel. The vertical screw on the lower surface of the top plate is driven to rotate by a third externally powered drive motor, causing the vertical slider to move vertically. The vertical slider drives the horizontal screw, which in turn drives the horizontal slider to move horizontally via a fourth externally powered drive motor, achieving precise positioning of the polishing wheel in the XY plane. A fifth externally powered drive motor drives the active bevel gear to rotate via a rotating shaft, which in turn drives the driven bevel gear, causing the driven bevel gear to rotate the fixed base. A sixth externally powered drive motor directly drives the U-shaped connecting... The plate rotates around a horizontal axis to adjust the tilt angle of the polishing wheel. Combined with real-time feedback of workpiece surface morphology data from the camera, the polishing wheel achieves adaptive fitting with complex curved surfaces. The seventh drive motor, powered by an external power source, drives the polishing wheel to rotate. A pressure sensor monitors the contact pressure in real time and feeds it back to the main control circuit board. The main control circuit board dynamically adjusts the output torque of the seventh drive motor according to preset parameters to maintain constant polishing pressure. At the same time, it adapts to different material areas by adjusting the motor speed. The camera continuously collects images of the polishing area. The main control circuit board identifies changes in surface roughness based on visual algorithms and, combined with pressure sensor data, automatically corrects the polishing wheel's movement trajectory, speed, and contact pressure until the workpiece surface reaches the target smoothness requirement. The main control circuit board consists of a multi-axis motion control module, a pressure closed-loop control system, a vision servo processing module, a multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjustment module, an equipment status monitoring and safety protection module, and a human-machine interaction and communication module. The multi-axis motion control module integrates a high-precision motor drive interface, supports the coordinated control of the vertical and horizontal lead screws by the third and fourth drive motors, realizes the three-dimensional spatial positioning and trajectory planning of the polishing wheel, and is equipped with a pulse output and encoder feedback interface to ensure the position synchronization accuracy and motion smoothness of the dual lead screw system, adapting to the needs of complex curved surface processing. The pressure closed-loop control system has a built-in high-resolution ADC converter to collect pressure sensor data in real time. Combined with PID algorithm, it dynamically adjusts the electric rod thrust or motor displacement to maintain a constant contact pressure between the polishing wheel and the workpiece. It has overpressure protection logic, which triggers emergency braking or reverse compensation mechanism when the pressure sensor detects an abnormal value. The vision servo processing module integrates an image acquisition card and an edge computing unit to analyze the processing area image captured by the camera in real time, extract the workpiece contour and surface features, run vision algorithms (such as feature point matching and contour tracking), generate polishing path correction instructions, and drive the motion control module to adjust the posture of the polishing wheel. The multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjustment module controls the fifth and sixth drive motors through PWM signals. Combined with the bevel gear transmission ratio parameters, it realizes precise control of the pitch angle and horizontal rotation angle of the U-shaped connecting plate. It is equipped with an angle sensor interface (such as an encoder or potentiometer) to form a closed-loop control loop to ensure dynamic adaptation of the polishing wheel angle to the workpiece surface. The equipment status monitoring and safety protection module monitors parameters such as electric rod current, motor temperature, and lead screw travel in real time. It triggers overload protection or fault alarms through threshold comparison and integrates emergency stop control logic and safety relays to immediately interrupt power output when abnormal displacement or pressure changes are detected. The human-machine interaction and communication module provides an industrial bus interface (such as EtherCAT or Modbus) to support bidirectional data transmission with a host computer or factory IoT, enabling remote parameter configuration and status monitoring. It also reserves a local operation interface (such as a touch screen controller) to support preset processing parameters, real-time data display, and fault code query. The structure and usage of the above modules are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0006] Preferably, the processing table has grooves on both its front and back sides, and the inner cavity of each groove is coaxially connected to a bidirectional lead screw. Sliding plates are fitted on both sides of the surface of the bidirectional lead screw. The bidirectional lead screw is installed in the inner cavity of the groove on both sides of the processing table via a coaxial connection. When the bidirectional lead screw is driven to rotate, the sliding plates fitted on both sides of its surface undergo reverse synchronous displacement along the axial direction of the lead screw. The sliding plates achieve relative or opposite movement through the threaded transmission of the bidirectional lead screw, completing the clamping, positioning, or spacing adjustment of the workpiece or processing position. The threaded transmission structure of the bidirectional lead screw and sliding plates achieves synchronous reverse movement of the sliding plates on both sides, ensuring the symmetry and accuracy of workpiece clamping or positioning. The coaxial layout design of the inner cavity of the groove allows the transmission mechanism of the bidirectional lead screw and sliding plates to be completely built-in, optimizing the space utilization of the equipment and improving structural compactness. The displacement range of the sliding plates can be adjusted by the thread parameters of the bidirectional lead screw to adapt to the processing requirements of workpieces of different sizes.

[0007] Preferably, a connecting block is mounted on the outer side of the sliding plate, and the connecting block is connected to the corresponding movable seat. The two sliding plates move synchronously towards or away from each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional lead screw, and the sliding plates pull the movable seat to slide horizontally on the surface of the processing table through the connecting block. The precise synchronous displacement of the movable seat is achieved through the threaded transmission between the bidirectional lead screw and the sliding plate, ensuring the centering accuracy of the clamping structures on both sides and avoiding workpiece offset; the coaxial layout of the groove structure and the bidirectional lead screw improves the compactness of the equipment.

[0008] Preferably, pulleys are installed at both the front and rear ends of the outer left side of the processing table, and the pulleys are connected to corresponding bidirectional lead screws. A transmission belt is added between adjacent pulleys. The pulleys at the front and rear ends of the left side of the processing table are connected through the transmission belt. The front pulley is connected to the output end of the first drive motor, and the rear pulley is connected to the end of another bidirectional lead screw, forming a dual-axis synchronous drive. The belt drive mechanism ensures that the rotation angles of the front and rear bidirectional lead screws are consistent, eliminating the risk of asynchronous movement of the two moving seats, improving the operational stability of the equipment, and the open transmission structure facilitates maintenance and repair.

[0009] Preferably, a first drive motor is installed at the outer right front end of the machining table, and the rotating end of the first drive motor is connected to the end of the bidirectional lead screw. The first drive motor is installed at the outer right front end of the machining table, and its rotating end is directly connected to the end of the bidirectional lead screw. When the first drive motor starts, its output torque is transmitted to the bidirectional lead screw through a mechanical connection, driving the bidirectional lead screw to rotate around its own axis. The rotational motion of the bidirectional lead screw is converted into the linear displacement of the sliding plate, completing the electric control of the sliding plate's motion. The direct connection design between the first drive motor and the bidirectional lead screw eliminates intermediate transmission links, improves power transmission efficiency, and reduces mechanical losses. By replacing manual adjustment with electric drive, rapid and precise control of the sliding plate's position is achieved, shortening machining preparation time. The motor's installation position is far from the core structure of the machining area, facilitating maintenance and avoiding interference from machining debris to the drive components.

[0010] Preferably, a second drive motor is connected to the outer side of the movable seat via a motor mount, and the second drive motor is coaxially connected to the clamping plate. The second drive motor on the outer side of the movable seat is fixed by a motor mount, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the clamping plate, driving the clamping plate to rotate around its own axis. The second drive motor directly drives the clamping plate to rotate, realizing flexible adjustment of the workpiece processing angle, meeting the needs of multi-faceted processing, and the motor mount fixing method ensures transmission rigidity and rotational accuracy.

[0011] Preferably, threaded rods are rotatably connected to all four sides of the inner surface of the clamping plate, and anti-slip ring handles are installed at the ends of the threaded rods. Side clamping blocks are fitted onto the surfaces of the threaded rods. The rotation of the threaded rods at the four corners of the inner side of the clamping plate via the anti-slip ring handles drives the side clamping blocks to move axially along the threaded rods, forming a lateral clamping of the workpiece. The threaded drive enables stepless position adjustment of the side clamping blocks, accommodating workpieces of different sizes. The anti-slip ring handles improve the convenience of manual operation, and the coordinated action of multiple sets of side clamping blocks enhances clamping stability.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the vertical lead screw are connected to first bearing seats, and the first bearing seats are connected to the lower surface of the top plate. The third drive motor is connected to the first bearing seats via a motor seat. The third drive motor, connected to the first bearing seats via the motor seat, drives the vertical lead screw to rotate, causing the vertical slider to move up and down along the lower surface of the top plate. The combination of the vertical lead screw and the first bearing seats ensures the rigidity of the transmission shaft system, the third drive motor achieves precise positioning of the machining position, and the bearing seat fixing method reduces vibration transmission and improves the quality of the machined surface.

[0013] Preferably, each end of the transverse lead screw is connected to a second bearing seat, and the second bearing seat is connected to the surface of the vertical slider. The fourth drive motor is connected to the second bearing seat via a motor seat. The fourth drive motor drives the transverse lead screw to rotate, causing the transverse slider to move axially along the limiting crossbar. The cooperation between the transverse lead screw and the second bearing seat ensures smooth transmission, and the fourth drive motor achieves precise positioning of the processing head.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting crossbar is connected directly above the transverse lead screw, and the outer surface of the limiting crossbar slides in contact with the surface of the transverse slider. The limiting crossbar is fixed directly above the transverse lead screw, and its outer surface forms a sliding contact with the surface of the transverse slider. The limiting crossbar physically constrains the transverse slider to prevent it from rotating around the transverse lead screw, ensuring translation; the sliding contact design reduces motion resistance and avoids jamming; the sliding cooperation between the limiting crossbar and the transverse slider eliminates rotational degrees of freedom and improves the accuracy of the motion trajectory.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a polishing device for a low-alloy steel column base, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The low alloy steel column base polishing device of the present invention has a dual-axis motion mechanism composed of a vertical lead screw and a horizontal lead screw, which is driven by a third and a fourth drive motor and cooperates with an electric rod to drive the polishing wheel to achieve precise displacement in three-dimensional space. The linkage design of the vertical slider and the horizontal slider enables the polishing wheel to have independent adjustment capabilities in the vertical and horizontal directions, adapting to the processing needs of column bases with different heights and horizontal dimensions, expanding the application range of the equipment. The high transmission precision characteristics of the dual lead screw system can ensure the repeatability of the polishing path and meet the requirements of precision machining. 2. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device of this invention achieves multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjustment of the polishing wheel through the cooperation of the fifth and sixth drive motors, bevel gear sets, and U-shaped connecting plates. The fifth drive motor drives the fixed base to rotate on the U-shaped connecting plate through the meshing of the active and driven bevel gears. The sixth drive motor drives the U-shaped connecting plate to adjust the pitch angle of the fixed base. The synergistic effect of these two mechanisms allows the polishing wheel to adapt to the complex curved surface contours of the column base, enhancing its adaptability to complex geometric workpieces, expanding its application range, reducing equipment costs and lowering the barrier to entry, making it suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. The built-in camera can collect real-time data on the processing area. The domain image provides visual feedback to the main control system, assisting operators or the control system in dynamically correcting the polishing trajectory and improving the processing quality of complex curved surfaces. The pressure sensor can monitor the contact pressure between the polishing wheel and the workpiece surface in real time, forming a closed-loop control system. When the contact pressure is abnormal, the main control circuit board can automatically adjust the electric rod thrust or the displacement of the motion mechanism to maintain a constant polishing pressure, improving polishing efficiency and uniformity, reducing manual intervention, avoiding surface quality defects caused by pressure fluctuations, and preventing overload damage to the equipment. This pressure feedback mechanism significantly improves the controllability of the processing process and the consistency of the finished product surface, and extends the service life of the polishing wheel. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the processing table of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate and its connection structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the top plate of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical and horizontal lead screw structures of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the adjustment seat of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing base and its connection structure of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Processing table; 2. Movable seat; 3. Clamping plate; 4. Bidirectional lead screw; 5. Sliding plate; 6. Pulley; 7. Transmission belt; 8. First drive motor; 9. Second drive motor; 10. Threaded rod; 11. Anti-slip ring handle; 12. Side clamping block; 13. Electric rod; 14. Top plate; 15. Vertical lead screw; 16. Third drive motor; 17. Vertical slider; 18. Horizontal lead screw; 19. Fourth drive motor; 20. Horizontal slider; 21. Limiting crossbar; 22. Adjusting seat; 23. Fifth drive motor; 24. Sixth drive motor; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Driving bevel gear; 27. Driven bevel gear; 28. U-shaped connecting plate; 29. ​​Fixed seat; 30. Seventh drive motor; 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Polishing wheel; 33. Camera. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides a technical solution: a polishing device for a low-alloy steel column base, comprising: Please see Figure 1 The processing table 1 and the movable seats 2 are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the processing table 1. The inner side of the movable seats 2 is connected to the clamping plate 3, and the outer perimeter of the processing table 1 is equipped with electric rods 13. The telescopic end of the electric rods 13 is provided with a top plate 14, and the inner cavity of the top plate 14 is also equipped with a main control circuit board. A vertical lead screw 15 is located at the center of the lower surface of the top plate 14, and a third drive motor 16 is coaxially connected to the end of the vertical lead screw 15. A vertical slider 17 is sleeved on the surface of the vertical lead screw 15, and a horizontal lead screw 18 is connected below the vertical slider 17. A fourth drive motor 19 is coaxially connected to the end of the horizontal lead screw 18, and a horizontal slider 20 is sleeved on the surface of the horizontal lead screw 18. Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 An adjustment seat 22 is located on the lower surface of the horizontal slider 20. A fifth drive motor 23 and a sixth drive motor 24 are respectively installed on both sides of the lower surface of the adjustment seat 22. A rotating shaft 25 is connected to the rotating end of the fifth drive motor 23. An active bevel gear 26 is installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 25. A driven bevel gear 27 meshes below the active bevel gear 26. A U-shaped connecting plate 28 is rotatably connected below the driven bevel gear 27. Cameras 33 are installed on both the front and back of the adjustment seat 22. The U-shaped connecting plate 28 is coaxially connected to the sixth drive motor 24. The fixed base 29 is located below the U-shaped connecting plate 28, and a seventh drive motor 30 is installed on the top of the fixed base 29. A pressure sensor 31 is added to the top of the seventh drive motor 30, and a polishing wheel 32 is installed at the bottom of the fixed base 29. The polishing wheel 32 is coaxially connected to the seventh drive motor 30, and the fixed base 29 is connected to the driven bevel gear 27. The low-alloy steel column base is placed on the upper surface of the processing table 1. The clamping plate 3 is moved inward by the moving seats 2 on both sides to achieve horizontal clamping and fixation of the workpiece. The electric rod 13 is connected to the external power supply and drives the top plate 14 to rise and fall on the processing table 1 to adjust the height of the polishing wheel 32. The vertical screw 15 on the lower surface of the top plate 14 is driven to rotate by the external power supply of the third drive motor 16, which drives the vertical slider 17 to move in the vertical direction. The vertical slider 17 can drive the horizontal screw 18, and the horizontal screw 18 is driven by the external power supply of the fourth drive motor 19 to drive the horizontal slider 20 to move horizontally, so as to achieve precise positioning of the polishing wheel 32 in the XY plane. The fifth drive motor 23 is connected to the external power supply and drives the active bevel gear 26 to rotate through the rotating shaft 25, which drives the driven bevel gear 27. The driven bevel gear 27 drives the fixed seat 29 and its connecting structure to rotate on the U-shaped connecting plate 28. There is no need for the driven bevel gear 27 to drive the polishing wheel 32 to rotate for polishing. The sixth drive motor 24, powered by an external power source, directly drives the U-shaped connecting plate 28 to rotate around the horizontal axis, causing the fixed base 29 and its connecting structure to adjust the pitch angle. Combined with the workpiece surface morphology data fed back in real time by the camera 33, the polishing wheel 32 achieves adaptive contact with the complex curved surface. The seventh drive motor 30, powered by an external power source, drives the polishing wheel 32 to rotate. The pressure sensor 31 monitors the contact pressure in real time and feeds it back to the main control circuit board. The main control circuit board dynamically adjusts the output torque of the seventh drive motor 30 according to preset parameters to maintain constant polishing pressure. At the same time, it adapts to different material areas by adjusting the motor speed. The camera 33 continuously collects images of the polishing area. The main control circuit board identifies changes in surface roughness based on a visual algorithm. Combined with the data from the pressure sensor 31, it automatically corrects the movement trajectory, speed, and contact pressure of the polishing wheel 32 until the workpiece surface reaches the target smoothness requirement.

[0026] Please see Figure 2The machining table 1 has grooves on both its front and back sides, and a bidirectional lead screw 4 is coaxially connected to the inner cavity of each groove. Sliding plates 5 are fitted on both sides of the surface of the bidirectional lead screw 4. The bidirectional lead screw 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the grooves on both sides of the machining table 1 via a coaxial connection. When the bidirectional lead screw 4 is driven to rotate, the sliding plates 5 fitted on both sides of its surface undergo reverse synchronous displacement along the lead screw axis. The sliding plates 5 move relative to or towards each other through the threaded transmission of the bidirectional lead screw 4, completing the clamping, positioning, or spacing adjustment of the workpiece or machining position. Through the threaded transmission structure of the bidirectional lead screw 4 and the sliding plates 5, the synchronous reverse movement of the two sliding plates 5 is achieved, ensuring the symmetry and accuracy of workpiece clamping or positioning. The coaxial layout design of the inner cavity of the grooves allows the transmission mechanism of the bidirectional lead screw 4 and the sliding plates 5 to be completely built-in, optimizing the space utilization of the equipment and improving the structural compactness. The displacement range of the sliding plate 5 can be adjusted by the thread parameters of the bidirectional lead screw 4 to adapt to the processing requirements of workpieces of different sizes. A connecting block is installed on the outer side of the sliding plate 5, and the connecting block is connected to the corresponding moving seat 2. The two sliding plates 5 move synchronously towards or away from each other along the axis of the bidirectional lead screw 4, and the sliding plate 5 pulls the moving seat 2 to slide horizontally on the surface of the processing table 1 through the connecting block. Through the thread transmission between the bidirectional lead screw 4 and the sliding plate 5, the precise synchronous displacement of the moving seat 2 is achieved, ensuring the centering accuracy of the clamping structure on both sides and avoiding workpiece offset; the coaxial layout of the groove structure and the bidirectional lead screw 4 improves the compactness of the equipment. Pulleys 6 are installed at the front and rear ends of the outer left side of the processing table 1, and the pulleys 6 are connected to the corresponding bidirectional lead screw 4, and a transmission belt 7 is added between adjacent pulleys 6. The pulleys 6 at the front and rear ends of the left side of the processing table 1 are connected through the transmission belt 7. The front pulley 6 is connected to the output end of the first drive motor 8, and the rear pulley 6 is connected to the end of another bidirectional lead screw 4 to form a dual-axis synchronous drive.

[0027] The pulley 6 and the transmission belt 7 ensure that the rotation angles of the front and rear bidirectional lead screws 4 are consistent, eliminating the risk of asynchronous movement of the two moving seats 2, improving the stability of equipment operation, and the open transmission structure facilitates maintenance and repair. A first drive motor 8 is installed at the outer right front end of the processing table 1, and the rotating end of the first drive motor 8 is connected to the end of the bidirectional lead screw 4. The first drive motor 8 is installed at the outer right front end of the processing table 1, and its rotating end is directly connected to the end of the bidirectional lead screw 4. When the first drive motor 8 starts, its output torque is transmitted to the bidirectional lead screw 4 through a mechanical connection, driving the bidirectional lead screw 4 to rotate around its own axis. The rotational motion of the bidirectional lead screw 4 is converted into the linear displacement of the sliding plate 5, completing the electric control of the movement state of the sliding plate 5.

[0028] The direct connection design between the first drive motor 8 and the bidirectional lead screw 4 eliminates intermediate transmission links, improves power transmission efficiency and reduces mechanical losses. By replacing manual adjustment with electric drive, the position of the sliding plate 5 can be quickly and accurately controlled, shortening the processing preparation time. The motor is installed far away from the core structure of the processing area, which facilitates maintenance and avoids interference from processing waste to the drive components.

[0029] Please see Figure 3 A second drive motor 9 is connected to the outer side of the movable seat 2 via a motor mount, and the second drive motor 9 is coaxially connected to the clamping plate 3. The second drive motor 9 on the outer side of the movable seat 2 is fixed by the motor mount, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the clamping plate 3, driving the clamping plate 3 to rotate around its own axis. The second drive motor 9 directly drives the clamping plate 3 to rotate, realizing flexible adjustment of the workpiece processing angle to meet multi-face processing needs. The motor mount fixing method ensures transmission rigidity and rotation accuracy. Threaded rods 10 are rotatably connected to all four sides of the inner side of the clamping plate 3, and anti-slip ring handles 11 are installed at the ends of the threaded rods 10. Side clamping blocks 12 are sleeved on the surface of the threaded rods 10. The threaded rods 10 at the four corners of the inner side of the clamping plate 3 rotate through the anti-slip ring handles 11, driving the side clamping blocks 12 on the surface to move axially along the threaded rods 10, forming a lateral clamping of the workpiece. The threaded transmission realizes stepless position adjustment of the side clamping blocks 12 to adapt to workpieces of different sizes. The anti-slip ring handles 11 improve the convenience of manual operation, and the multiple sets of side clamping blocks 12 work together to enhance clamping stability.

[0030] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5The vertical lead screw 15 has first bearing seats connected to both ends, and these first bearing seats are connected to the lower surface of the top plate 14. The third drive motor 16 is connected to the first bearing seats via a motor seat. The third drive motor 16 drives the vertical lead screw 15 to rotate, causing the vertical slider 17 to move up and down along the lower surface of the top plate 14. The combination of the vertical lead screw 15 and the first bearing seats ensures the rigidity of the transmission shaft system. The third drive motor 16 achieves precise positioning of the machining position, and the fixed bearing seats reduce vibration transmission and improve the surface quality of the machined parts. The horizontal lead screw 18 has second bearing seats connected to both ends, and these second bearing seats are connected to the surface of the vertical slider 17. The fourth drive motor 19 is connected to the second bearing seats via a motor seat. The fourth drive motor 19 drives the horizontal lead screw 18 to rotate, causing the horizontal slider 20 to move axially along the limiting crossbar 21. The cooperation between the horizontal lead screw 18 and the second bearing seats ensures smooth transmission, and the fourth drive motor 19 achieves precise positioning of the machining head. A limiting crossbar 21 is connected directly above the transverse lead screw 18, and the outer surface of the limiting crossbar 21 slides in contact with the surface of the transverse slider 20. The limiting crossbar 21 is fixed directly above the transverse lead screw 18, and its outer surface forms a sliding contact with the surface of the transverse slider 20. The limiting crossbar 21 physically constrains the transverse slider 20 to prevent it from rotating around the transverse lead screw 18, ensuring translation; the sliding contact design reduces motion resistance and avoids jamming; the sliding engagement between the limiting crossbar 21 and the transverse slider 20 eliminates rotational degrees of freedom and improves the accuracy of the motion trajectory.

[0031] This scheme: The first drive motor 8 is started, which drives the bidirectional lead screw 4 to rotate through the transmission belt 7. This drives the sliding plate 5 to move synchronously towards each other along the groove of the processing table 1. The sliding plate 5 is pulled towards the center of the processing table 1 by the connecting block traction moving seat 2, so that the clamping plate 3 fits against the outer wall of the column base. The rotating threaded rod 10 adjusts the position of the side clamping block 12, and with the cooperation of the anti-slip ring handle 11, the axial and radial fixation of the column base is completed. The telescopic end of the electric rod 13 pushes the top plate 14 to move vertically downward. The two-dimensional moving mechanism composed of the horizontal lead screw 18 and the vertical lead screw 15 is activated by the main control circuit board. The third drive motor 16 drives the vertical lead screw 15 to rotate, and the horizontal lead screw 18 is positioned to the polishing starting plane through the vertical slider 17. The fourth drive motor 19 drives the horizontal lead screw 18 to rotate, and the horizontal slider 20 slides horizontally along the limit bar 21, moving the adjustment seat 22 directly above the processing area of ​​the column base. The camera 33 collects images of the workpiece surface in real time. The main control circuit board corrects the coordinate deviation between the horizontal slider 20 and the vertical slider 17 according to the image data. The fifth drive motor 23 drives the active bevel gear 26 to rotate through the rotating shaft 25, meshing with the driven bevel gear 27, so that the fixed seat 29 rotates on the U-shaped connecting plate 28. The sixth drive motor 24 synchronously drives the U-shaped connecting plate 28, so that the U-shaped connecting plate 28 drives the fixed seat 29 to adjust the pitch, ensuring that the axis of the polishing wheel 32 coincides with the normal direction of the curved surface of the column base. The seventh drive motor 30 drives the polishing wheel 32 to rotate at high speed. The electric rod 13 continuously applies downward pressure. The pressure sensor 31 monitors and feeds back the contact force value to the main control circuit board in real time. The two-dimensional moving mechanism reciprocates along the preset path, and the polishing wheel 32 performs spiral polishing operation along the surface of the column base. The camera 33 synchronously detects the surface roughness. The main control circuit board dynamically adjusts the extension and retraction of the electric rod 13 according to the force fluctuation of the pressure sensor 31 to maintain a constant polishing pressure. When the camera 33 detects a surface defect, it pauses the movement of the transverse lead screw 18 and starts the fifth drive motor 23 to perform additional polishing on the local area. After polishing is completed, the electric rod 13 drives the top plate 14 to rise to a safe height. Each drive motor reverses to return the polishing assembly to its initial position. The reverse rotation of the threaded rod 10 releases the constraint of the side clamp 12. The first drive motor 8 drives the bidirectional lead screw 4 to move the moving seat 2 outward and remove the polished column base. Through the threaded transmission structure of the bidirectional lead screw 4 and the sliding plate 5, the synchronous reverse movement of the two moving seats 2 is realized. With the help of the four sets of independently adjustable side clamping blocks 12 on the inner side of the clamping plate 3, a multi-point collaborative clamping mechanism is formed. This design ensures that the low alloy steel column base is accurately centered and positioned in the horizontal direction. The threaded fine adjustment function provided by the anti-slip ring handle 11 adapts to workpieces with different radial dimensions, effectively eliminates the risk of offset caused by processing vibration, and significantly improves the geometric accuracy of complex curved surface processing. Based on the two-dimensional moving platform composed of the vertical lead screw 15 and the horizontal lead screw 18, a five-degree-of-freedom motion control system is constructed with the vertical axis deflection mechanism driven by the fifth drive motor 23 and the horizontal axis rotation mechanism controlled by the sixth drive motor 24. The sliding constraint design of the limiting crossbar 21 and the horizontal slider 20 eliminates mechanical clearance, enabling the polishing wheel 32 to accurately reach any angle within the spatial curved surface. This breaks through the processing limitations of traditional three-axis equipment and meets the full-coverage processing requirements of complex surfaces of column bases. The universal adjustment device composed of the bevel gear transmission mechanism and the U-shaped connecting plate 28 allows the axis of the polishing wheel 32 to automatically align with the normal direction of the processed curved surface. Combined with the surface curvature data fed back by the vision system, the sixth drive motor 24 realizes angle adjustment to ensure that the abrasive and the workpiece maintain the best contact state. This technology improves the processing efficiency of the equipment for complex geometric features such as S-shaped curved surfaces and variable diameter spiral surfaces, and significantly reduces the need for manual finishing.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A polishing device for a low-alloy steel column base, characterized in that, include: The processing table (1) and the movable seats (2) are set on both sides of the upper surface of the processing table (1). The inner side of the movable seats (2) is connected to the clamps (3), and the outer sides of the processing table (1) are equipped with electric rods (13). The telescopic end of the electric rods (13) is equipped with a top plate (14), and the inner cavity of the top plate (14) is also equipped with a main control circuit board. A vertical lead screw (15) is set at the center of the lower surface of the top plate (14), and a third drive motor (16) is coaxially connected to the end of the vertical lead screw (15). A vertical slider (17) is sleeved on the surface of the vertical lead screw (15), and a horizontal lead screw (18) is connected below the vertical slider (17). A fourth drive motor (19) is coaxially connected to the end of the horizontal lead screw (18), and a horizontal slider (20) is sleeved on the surface of the horizontal lead screw (18). An adjustment seat (22) is set on the lower surface of the horizontal slider (20), and a fifth drive motor (23) and a sixth drive motor (24) are respectively added to both sides of the lower surface of the adjustment seat (22). A rotating shaft (25) is connected to the rotating end of the fifth drive motor (23), and an active bevel gear (26) is installed on the surface of the rotating shaft (25). A driven bevel gear (27) meshes with the lower part of the active bevel gear (26), and a U-shaped connecting plate (28) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the driven bevel gear (27). Cameras (33) are installed on both the front and back of the adjustment seat (22), and the U-shaped connecting plate (28) is coaxially connected to the sixth drive motor (24). A fixed base (29) is located below the U-shaped connecting plate (28), and a seventh drive motor (30) is installed on the top of the fixed base (29). A pressure sensor (31) is added to the top of the seventh drive motor (30), and a polishing wheel (32) is installed at the bottom of the fixed base (29). The polishing wheel (32) is coaxially connected to the seventh drive motor (30), and the fixed base (29) is connected to the driven bevel gear (27).

2. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing table (1) has grooves on both the front and back sides, and the inner cavity of each groove is coaxially connected to a two-way lead screw (4), and sliding plates (5) are sleeved on both sides of the surface of the two-way lead screw (4).

3. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the sliding plate (5) is equipped with a connecting block, and the connecting block is connected to the corresponding movable seat (2).

4. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The processing table (1) is equipped with pulleys (6) on the front and rear ends of the outer left side, and the pulleys (6) are connected to the corresponding bidirectional lead screws (4), and a transmission belt (7) is added between adjacent pulleys (6).

5. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the outer right side of the processing table (1) is equipped with a first drive motor (8), and the rotating end of the first drive motor (8) is connected to the end of the bidirectional lead screw (4).

6. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the movable seat (2) is connected to a second drive motor (9) via a motor mount, and the second drive motor (9) is coaxially connected to the clamping plate (3).

7. A low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner side of the clamp (3) is rotatably connected with threaded rods (10), and anti-slip ring handles (11) are installed at the ends of the threaded rods (10). Side clamping blocks (12) are fitted on the surface of the threaded rods (10).

8. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the vertical lead screw (15) are connected to the first bearing seat, and the first bearing seat is connected to the lower surface of the top plate (14). The third drive motor (16) is connected to the first bearing seat through the motor seat.

9. The low-alloy steel column base polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the horizontal lead screw (18) are all connected to the second bearing seat, and the second bearing seat is connected to the surface of the vertical slider (17). The fourth drive motor (19) is connected to the second bearing seat through the motor seat.

10. A polishing device for a low-alloy steel column base according to claim 9, characterized in that: The horizontal lead screw (18) is connected to a limiting crossbar (21) directly above it, and the outer surface of the limiting crossbar (21) slides against the surface of the horizontal slider (20).

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