Automobile multi-layer PCB etching system with multidirectional gradient positioning function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of PCB etching, and discloses a multidirectional gradient positioning automobile multi-layer PCB etching system which comprises an equipment box with a visible sealing cover mounted at the upper end, an etching bin is mounted on the inner wall of the equipment box, a cleaning bin is further mounted at the right end of the equipment box, a conveying positioning part is jointly arranged on the equipment box and the etching bin, and the conveying positioning part is arranged on the equipment box. And the equipment box and the etching bin are also jointly provided with an etching part. The multi-azimuth gradient positioning automobile multi-layer PCB etching system can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, the etching time is mainly determined by the speed of a conveying belt and the length of an etching cavity, spraying etching cannot be conducted on a bottom layer, and reverse side etching needs to be conducted after overturning; the problems that when an unfixed automobile multilayer PCB is etched, the automobile multilayer PCB has the problems of position deviation, vibration and the like, etching is excessive or insufficient, and the automobile multilayer PCB further has residual copper short circuit are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCB etching technology, and more specifically to a multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCBs. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive electronics have extremely stringent requirements for the reliability, temperature resistance, and signal integrity of printed circuit boards (PCBs). The manufacturing process for multilayer PCBs in automotive applications is far more complex than that of ordinary consumer electronics. The core production process of automotive multilayer PCBs involves multiple precision steps, and the quality control of each step directly affects the performance of the final product in harsh environments such as vibration, high temperature, and humidity. The core production process of multilayer PCBs includes substrate preparation, inner layer fabrication, lamination, and drilling. Etching the outer layers of a multilayer PCB is a crucial step after lamination, directly determining circuit performance and reliability. Premature etching of the outer layers can lead to structural failure, misalignment, and a collapse in yield. Furthermore, the etching precision and etching time requirements for automotive multilayer PCBs are significantly higher than those for ordinary PCBs.

[0003] To address this issue, this application designs a multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCBs. Existing etching and cleaning machines have etching times primarily determined by conveyor belt speed and etching chamber length, resulting in significant space requirements. Conventional etching methods involve placing ordinary PCBs flat on the conveyor belt, making spray etching of the underlying layers impossible; they must be flipped for reverse etching. Since ordinary PCBs have lower etching precision requirements and shorter etching times, clamping and fixing are unnecessary. However, etching unsecured automotive multilayer PCBs can lead to positional shifts and vibrations, causing over- or under-etching, and further resulting in residual copper short circuits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCBs. This system effectively solves the problems in existing technologies where etching time is primarily determined by conveyor belt speed and etching chamber length, making it impossible to perform spray etching on the bottom layer and requiring flipping for reverse etching. Furthermore, when etching unfixed automotive multilayer PCBs, issues such as positional shifts and vibrations can occur, leading to over- or under-etching and ultimately resulting in residual copper short circuits.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCB boards, comprising:

[0007] The equipment box is equipped with a visible sealing cover at the top. An etching chamber is installed on the inner wall of the equipment box, and a cleaning chamber is also installed on the right side of the equipment box. The equipment box and the etching chamber are jointly equipped with a conveying and positioning part, and the equipment box and the etching chamber are also jointly equipped with an etching part.

[0008] The conveying and positioning unit includes support frames that are symmetrically installed at both ends of the equipment box and the inner wall of the etching chamber. The upper end of the support frame has a clearance groove. The equipment box is equipped with a conveying group corresponding to the support frame. The upper ends of the support frames on both the front and rear sides are slidably equipped with tooling plates. The tooling plates have a U-shaped structure. The inner walls at both ends of the etching chamber are symmetrically installed with mating plates. The mating plates on both the front and rear sides and the tooling plates are equipped with positioning groups.

[0009] The etching section includes a nozzle assembly located on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends of the equipment box. A rotating shaft is mounted on the upper end of the equipment box via a bearing seat, and a forward and reverse motor is mounted on the front end of the equipment box below the rotating shaft via a motor seat.

[0010] Furthermore, limit groups are provided on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends of the tooling plate. The limit groups include sliding holes symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the tooling plate. The sliding holes are T-shaped. Limit plates are slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding holes by springs. The limit plates are T-shaped, and the end of the limit plate facing the outside of the tooling plate is magnetically attached, while the end facing the inside of the tooling plate is rounded. Supporting crossbars are installed on the lower side of the inner walls of both the left and right ends of the tooling plate. Multiple filter holes are evenly distributed from front to back on the supporting crossbars.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple docking holes are symmetrically opened on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends of the tooling plate. The multiple docking holes are evenly distributed from left to right. A guide groove is opened on the end of the mating plate facing the tooling plate corresponding to the multiple docking holes. A discharge cavity connected to the multiple guide grooves is also opened in the mating plate. A discharge pipe is connected to the end of the mating plate away from the tooling plate. The discharge pipe consists of multiple connecting pipes and a main pipe. The main pipe of the discharge pipe passes through both the etching chamber and the equipment box.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes symmetrically embedded alignment magnets at both ends of the tooling plate, and an electromagnet is embedded at the end of the mating plate facing the tooling plate to correspond to the alignment magnets and the limiting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the nozzle assembly includes a conveying pipe located at the front end of the equipment box and mounted on two mounting plates. Connecting plates are provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying pipe. The front end of the connecting plate is connected to the conveying pipe through multiple transition bends evenly distributed from left to right. Spray pipes are rotatably installed on the connecting plate at positions corresponding to the multiple transition bends. The front ends of the multiple spray pipes rotatably pass through the etching chamber and the equipment box, and are connected to the corresponding transition bends through rotary joints.

[0014] Furthermore, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor rotates through the front end of the equipment box and is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. Multiple spray pipes on the upper and lower sides and their corresponding rotating shafts are connected by transmission belts, and the upper and lower rotating shafts are also connected by transmission belts.

[0015] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes sprockets symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each support frame. Roller chains are fitted on the sprockets on both sides. Drive shafts are symmetrically installed on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the etching chamber. Multiple sprockets are fixedly fitted on the corresponding drive shafts. A servo motor is installed at the front end of the equipment box via a motor mount. The output shaft of the servo motor rotates through the outer wall of the equipment box and is fixedly connected to any one of the drive shafts.

[0016] Furthermore, collection chambers are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the equipment box. The collection chamber on the left is connected to the etching chamber through a connecting pipe, and the collection chamber on the right is connected to the cleaning chamber through a connecting pipe. Two support bars are installed on the inner wall of the right end of the equipment box and the right end of the cleaning chamber, corresponding to the front and rear support frames. The cleaning chamber is also equipped with a nozzle assembly for spraying clean water. Exception openings are provided on the tooling plates at both ends of the equipment box and the cleaning chamber.

[0017] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] This invention provides a multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCBs. During loading, a servo motor controls the synchronous rotation of two sprockets at the front and rear, which then transport the material through a clearance opening at the left end of the equipment box to two support frames at the front and rear. Under the conveying action of the two sprockets, the tooling plate and the automotive multilayer PCB slide uniformly to the right until they reach the middle of the etching chamber along the two support frames. At this point, an external return device will place the tooling plate pre-loaded with the automotive multilayer PCB onto the two support frames again, allowing it to slide uniformly from left to right. The step-by-step conveying method can adapt to any etching time, is not affected by the conveyor belt speed or the length of the etching chamber, and reduces space occupation.

[0019] When the tooling plate and the automotive multilayer PCB board slide along the front and rear support frames to the middle of the etching chamber, the servo motor controls the front and rear sprockets to stop rotating. Then, the electromagnets on the front and rear mating plates start working, and the front and rear electromagnets are magnetically connected to the corresponding alignment magnets, thereby achieving the effect of docking and magnetic connection between the tooling plate and the front and rear mating plates. At this time, the multiple guide grooves on the front and rear mating plates are connected to the corresponding docking holes on the tooling plate. During this process, the front and rear electromagnets will also generate a repulsive force on one end of the magnetic attraction structure of the left and right limit plates on the same side. The multiple limit plates will extend out of the corresponding sliding holes again, thereby achieving the effect of clamping and limiting the automotive multilayer PCB board. This effectively avoids problems such as positional displacement and vibration of the automotive multilayer PCB board during subsequent etching, which could lead to over-etching or under-etching and further cause residual copper short circuits in the automotive multilayer PCB board. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-angle three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the etching chamber, the conveying and positioning unit, and the collection chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the nozzle assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the conveying and positioning parts in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the tooling plate and the limiting plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the mating plate and the discharge pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the mating plate and the electromagnet in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying position changes of the tooling plate, the limiting plate, and the mating plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Equipment box; 2. Visible sealing cover; 3. Etching chamber; 4. Cleaning chamber; 5. Conveying and positioning unit; 51. Support frame; 52. Conveying group; 521. Sprocket; 522. Roller chain; 523. Drive shaft; 524. Servo motor; 53. Tooling plate; 531. Limiting plate; 532. Support crossbar; 54. Mating plate; 541. Discharge pipe; 55. Positioning group; 551. Alignment magnet; 552. Electromagnet; 6. Etching unit; 61. Nozzle group; 611. Conveying pipe; 612. Connecting plate; 613. Spray pipe; 62. Rotating shaft; 63. Forward and reverse motor; 7. Collection chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0033] Example:

[0034] Please see Figures 1-9 This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCB boards, comprising:

[0035] The equipment box 1 is equipped with a visible sealing cover 2 at the top. An etching chamber 3 is installed on the inner wall of the equipment box 1. A cleaning chamber 4 is also installed on the right side of the equipment box 1. A conveying and positioning part 5 is provided on both the equipment box 1 and the etching chamber 3. An etching part 6 is also provided on both the equipment box 1 and the etching chamber 3.

[0036] The conveying and positioning unit 5 includes a support frame 51 that is symmetrically installed at both ends of the inner walls of the equipment box 1 and the etching chamber 3. The upper end of the support frame 51 has a clearance groove. The equipment box 1 is provided with a conveying group 52 corresponding to the support frame 51. The upper ends of the support frames 51 on both the front and rear sides are slidably provided with a tooling plate 53. The tooling plate 53 has a U-shaped structure, and the two right angles on the right side of the tooling plate 53 are chamfered. The inner walls of the front and rear ends of the etching chamber 3 are symmetrically installed with mating plates 54. The right angles on the left side of the opposite ends of the two mating plates 54 are chamfered. The mating plates 54 on both the front and rear sides and the tooling plate 53 are provided with a positioning group 55.

[0037] The etching section 6 includes a nozzle assembly 61 located on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the equipment box 1. A rotating shaft 62 is mounted on the upper end of the equipment box 1 via a bearing seat, and a forward and reverse motor 63 is mounted on the front end of the equipment box 1 below the rotating shaft 62 via a motor seat.

[0038] Limiting groups are provided on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends of the tooling plate 53. The limiting groups include sliding holes symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the tooling plate 53. The sliding holes are T-shaped. A limiting plate 531 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding hole by a spring. The limiting plate 531 is T-shaped, and the end of the limiting plate 531 facing the outside of the tooling plate 53 is magnetically attached, while the end facing the inside of the tooling plate 53 is rounded. Supporting crossbars 532 are installed on the lower side of the inner walls of both the left and right ends of the tooling plate 53. Multiple filter holes are evenly distributed from front to back on the supporting crossbars 532.

[0039] The tooling plate 53 has multiple docking holes symmetrically opened on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends. The multiple docking holes are evenly distributed from left to right. The mating plate 54 has a guide groove opened on the end facing the tooling plate 53 corresponding to the multiple docking holes. The mating plate 54 also has a discharge cavity connected to the multiple guide grooves. The end of the mating plate 54 away from the tooling plate 53 is connected to a discharge pipe 541. The discharge pipe 541 consists of multiple connecting pipes and a main pipe. The main pipe of the discharge pipe 541 passes through both the etching chamber 3 and the equipment box 1.

[0040] The positioning group 55 includes alignment magnets 551 that are symmetrically embedded at both ends of the tooling plate 53. An electromagnet 552 is embedded at one end of the mating plate 54 facing the tooling plate 53, corresponding to the alignment magnets 551 and the limiting plate 531.

[0041] The nozzle assembly 61 includes a conveying pipe 611 located at the front end of the equipment box 1 and mounted on two mounting plates. Connecting plates 612 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying pipe 611. The front end of the connecting plate 612 is connected to the conveying pipe 611 through multiple transition bends evenly distributed from left to right. Spray pipes 613 are rotatably installed on the connecting plate 612 at the positions corresponding to the multiple transition bends. The front ends of the multiple spray pipes 613 rotatably pass through the etching chamber 3 and the equipment box 1, and are connected to the corresponding transition bends through rotary joints.

[0042] The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 63 rotates through the front end of the equipment box 1 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 62. Multiple spray pipes 613 on the upper and lower sides and their corresponding rotating shafts 62 are connected by transmission belts, and the two rotating shafts 62 on the upper and lower sides are also connected by transmission belts.

[0043] The conveying group 52 includes sprockets 521 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each support frame 51. Roller chains 522 are mounted on the sprockets 521 on both sides. Drive shafts 523 are symmetrically mounted on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the etching chamber 3. Multiple sprockets 521 are fixedly mounted on the corresponding drive shafts 523. A servo motor 524 is mounted on the front end of the equipment box 1 through a motor base. The output shaft of the servo motor 524 rotates through the outer wall of the equipment box 1 and is fixedly connected to any one of the drive shafts 523.

[0044] The equipment box 1 has collection chambers 7 installed symmetrically on the bottom inner wall. The left collection chamber 7 is connected to the etching chamber 3 through a connecting pipe, and the right collection chamber 7 is connected to the cleaning chamber 4 through a connecting pipe. The right end of the equipment box 1 and the right end of the cleaning chamber 4 have two support bars installed on the inner wall corresponding to the front and rear support frames 51. The cleaning chamber 4 is also equipped with a nozzle group 61 for spraying clean water. The front and rear ends of the equipment box 1 and the cleaning chamber 4 are provided with clearance openings corresponding to the tooling plates 53.

[0045] In practice:

[0046] First, the conveying and positioning unit 5 and the etching unit 6 in this application adopt a step-by-step conveying + nozzle independent swinging method to intermittently perform spray etching on the automotive multilayer PCB board. It should be noted that in the production process of automotive multilayer PCB board, the etched inner core board, prepreg and outer copper foil are first stacked and fused together under high temperature and high pressure to form a multilayer structure. The entire board after pressing is drilled, copper deposited and electroplated. Finally, the surface circuit is formed by outer layer pattern transfer and etching.

[0047] During loading, the servo motor 524 first controls the connected drive shaft 523 to drive the corresponding front and rear sprockets 521 to rotate synchronously. Under the transmission action of the roller chain 522, the front and rear sprockets 521 on the other side and the drive shaft 523 rotate synchronously. It should be noted that a return device for recycling the tooling plate 53 is provided on the outside of the equipment box 1. Since the return device is existing technology, it will not be described in detail here. The external return device returns the tooling plate 53, and the automotive multilayer PCB board to be etched is placed on it in advance. It should also be noted that the multiple limiting plates 531 and the two left and right support crossbars 532 are all made of corrosion-resistant rubber to avoid damaging the automotive multilayer PCB board. Initially, only the rounded corners of the multiple limiting plates 531 protrude from the corresponding sliding holes. During the process, the automotive multilayer PCB board will squeeze the corresponding multiple limiting plates 531 to retract them. The corresponding sliding hole is supported by two supporting horizontal bars 532 on the left and right. Then, multiple limiting plates 531 will extend out of the corresponding sliding hole again under the action of spring, thereby achieving the effect of initial limiting and clamping of the automotive multilayer PCB board. It is then transported to the front and rear support frames 51 through the clearance port at the left end of the equipment box 1. Under the conveying action of the front and rear sprockets 521, the tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board are driven to slide to the right at a uniform speed until the tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board slide along the front and rear support frames 51 to the middle position of the etching chamber 3. At this time, the external return device will also place the tooling plate 53 with the automotive multilayer PCB board pre-placed on the front and rear support frames 51 again, and slide it evenly from left to right. The step-type conveying can be adapted to any etching time, is not affected by the conveyor belt speed and the length of the etching chamber, and reduces the space occupied.

[0048] When the tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board slide along the front and rear support frames 51 to the middle position of the etching chamber 3, the servo motor 524 controls the front and rear sprockets 521 to stop rotating. Then, the electromagnets 552 on the front and rear mating plates 54 are controlled to start working. The front and rear electromagnets 552 will be magnetically connected to the corresponding alignment magnets 551, thereby realizing the docking and magnetic connection between the tooling plate 53 and the front and rear mating plates 54. At this time, the multiple guide grooves on the front and rear mating plates 54 are respectively connected to the corresponding docking holes on the tooling plate 53. During this period, the front and rear electromagnets 552 will also generate a repulsive force on one end of the magnetic attraction structure of the left and right limit plates 531 on the same side. The multiple limit plates 531 will extend out of the corresponding sliding holes again, thereby achieving the effect of clamping and limiting the automotive multilayer PCB board. This effectively avoids the automotive multilayer PCB board from having positional displacement, vibration and other problems during subsequent etching, which could lead to over-etching or under-etching and further cause residual copper short circuits in the automotive multilayer PCB board.

[0049] During spray etching, driven by the transmission belt, the upper and lower rotating shafts 62 are controlled to rotate synchronously in both directions by the forward and reverse motor 63. The upper and lower rotating shafts 62 will drive the connected multiple spray pipes 613 to rotate synchronously in both directions, thereby achieving the effect of uniform forward and reverse reciprocating swing of multiple spray pipes 613 on both sides. Then, the external delivery pump delivers the etching solution to the delivery pipe 611. The etching solution is delivered by the delivery pipe 611 to multiple spray pipes 613 on both sides, and sprayed onto the upper and lower ends of the corresponding automotive multilayer PCB board by multiple nozzles on the spray pipes 613. During the spray etching, the multiple spray pipes 613 on the lower side can avoid the generation of air bubbles in the through holes during etching, and the reverse liquid flow can more easily wash away the residue in the drilled holes. Unlike the conventional frame-type swing spray method, it can spray etching on both ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board at the same time, and can also control the swing amplitude and frequency for different areas to avoid the problem of uneven local etching. Combined with the automotive multilayer PCB board being in a stationary state, it effectively improves the etching accuracy.

[0050] In addition, when multiple nozzles spray the etching solution onto the upper and lower ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board, two external vacuum pumps control the corresponding discharge pipes 541. These pipes pass through the discharge chamber, multiple guide channels, and multiple docking holes, creating a negative pressure adsorption effect on the etching solution on the upper and lower ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board. For the etching solution on the upper side of the automotive multilayer PCB board, this quickly removes surface liquid, reducing the risk of over-etching. For the etching solution on the lower side of the automotive multilayer PCB board, since the upper-side sprayed etching solution stays on the automotive multilayer PCB board for a much longer time than the lower-side sprayed etching solution, the negative pressure suction generated by the multiple docking holes can effectively extract the etching solution sprayed onto the lower end of the automotive multilayer PCB board. This maximizes the contact time between the etching solution and the lower end of the automotive multilayer PCB board as it enters the docking holes, reducing the difference in etching between the upper and lower sides and effectively improving the etching efficiency of the automotive multilayer PCB board.

[0051] It should be noted that some of the waste liquid generated on the upper and lower sides will drip directly into the etching chamber 3 under the action of sputtering or flow, and will be transported to the left collection chamber 7 for centralized treatment through the connecting pipe. The waste liquid extracted by the two discharge pipes 541 through the corresponding discharge chamber and multiple guide grooves will also be transported to the left collection chamber 7 through the pipeline after passing through the external vacuum pump and gas-liquid separation device.

[0052] After the spray etching is completed, the forward and reverse motors 63, the external delivery pump, and the two electromagnets 552 at the front and rear are stopped sequentially. After the multiple limit plates 531 lose the repulsive force of their corresponding electromagnets 552, they retract into their corresponding sliding holes under the action of springs, returning to their original positions. Then, the servo motor 524 controls the two roller chains 522 to rotate synchronously, driving the sprayed fixture plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board to continue sliding to the right until the next fixture plate 53 and automotive multilayer PCB board awaiting spray etching slides to the center of the etching chamber 3. The magnetic alignment and spray etching steps are repeated, allowing simultaneous spray etching of both the upper and lower end faces. The spray-etched fixture plate 53 and automotive multilayer PCB board will then... As the device slides to the right into the cleaning chamber 4, clean water is pumped into the delivery pipe 611 by an external pump. The clean water is then delivered from the delivery pipe 611 to multiple spray pipes 613 on the upper and lower sides, and sprayed onto the upper and lower ends of the corresponding automotive multilayer PCB board by multiple nozzles on the spray pipes 613. This achieves the effect of cleaning both the upper and lower ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board. The wastewater generated during this process is transported to the collection chamber 7 on the right side through a connecting pipe for centralized treatment. After cleaning, the fixture plate 53 will drive the automotive multilayer PCB board out of the clearance port at the right end of the cleaning chamber 4 and into the external return device. The etched automotive multilayer PCB board can then be removed manually or by a robotic arm from bottom to top.

[0053] It should be noted that all components in this application that come into contact with the etching solution are made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the visible sealing cover 2 can close the cover plates on both sides during spray etching to achieve the effect of sealing and preventing the etching solution from splashing and leaking.

[0054] In summary, this application has the following advantages:

[0055] Firstly, the multiple limiting plates 531 and the two left and right support bars 532 are all made of corrosion-resistant rubber, which avoids damage to the automotive multilayer PCB board. When placing the automotive multilayer PCB board, the corresponding multiple limiting plates 531 will be squeezed and retracted into the corresponding sliding holes, and supported by the two left and right support bars 532. The multiple limiting plates 531 will then extend out of the corresponding sliding holes again, thereby achieving the effect of initial limiting and clamping of the automotive multilayer PCB board.

[0056] Secondly, during loading, the servo motor 524 controls the front and rear roller chains 522 to rotate synchronously, and the material is conveyed from the clearance port at the left end of the equipment box 1 to the front and rear support frames 51. This drives the tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board to slide to the right at a uniform speed until the tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board slide along the front and rear support frames 51 to the middle position of the etching chamber 3. The step-by-step conveyor can adapt to any etching time and is not affected by the conveyor belt speed and the length of the etching chamber, thus reducing the space occupied.

[0057] Thirdly, when the tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board slide along the front and rear support frames 51 to the middle position of the etching chamber 3, the servo motor 524 controls the front and rear sprockets 521 to stop rotating. Then, the electromagnets 552 on the front and rear mating plates 54 are controlled to start working. The front and rear electromagnets 552 will be magnetically connected to the corresponding positioning magnets 551, thereby realizing the docking and magnetic connection between the tooling plate 53 and the front and rear mating plates 54. During this period, the front and rear electromagnets 552 will also generate a repulsive force on one end of the magnetic attraction structure of the left and right limit plates 531 on the same side. Multiple limit plates 531 will extend out of the corresponding sliding holes again, thereby achieving the effect of clamping and limiting the automotive multilayer PCB board. This effectively avoids the automotive multilayer PCB board from experiencing positional displacement, vibration, and other problems during subsequent etching, which could lead to over-etching or under-etching and further cause residual copper short circuits in the automotive multilayer PCB board.

[0058] Fourthly, during spray etching, the two rotating shafts 62 on the upper and lower sides are controlled to rotate synchronously by the forward and reverse motor 63, thereby achieving the effect of uniform forward and reverse reciprocating swing of multiple spray pipes 613 on the upper and lower sides. Then, multiple nozzles on the spray pipes 613 are controlled to spray onto the upper and lower ends of the corresponding automotive multilayer PCB board. During the spray etching process, the multiple spray pipes 613 on the lower side can avoid the generation of air bubbles in the holes during etching, and the reverse liquid flow can more easily wash away the residue in the drilled holes. Unlike the conventional frame-type swing spray method, it can spray and etch both ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board at the same time, and can also control the swing amplitude and frequency for different areas to avoid the problem of uneven local etching. Combined with the automotive multilayer PCB board being in a stationary state, it effectively improves the etching accuracy.

[0059] Fifthly, the two external vacuum pumps control the corresponding discharge pipes 541, which sequentially pass through the discharge chamber, multiple guide grooves, and multiple docking holes to create a negative pressure adsorption effect on the etching solution on the upper and lower surfaces of the automotive multilayer PCB board. For the etching solution on the upper surface of the automotive multilayer PCB board, it can quickly remove the surface liquid and reduce the risk of over-etching. For the etching solution on the lower surface of the automotive multilayer PCB board, it can extract the etching solution sprayed on the lower surface of the automotive multilayer PCB board, so that it can maximize the contact time between the etching solution and the lower surface of the automotive multilayer PCB board as it enters the docking holes, reduce the difference in etching between the upper and lower sides, and effectively improve the etching efficiency of the automotive multilayer PCB board.

[0060] Advantage 6: After the spray etching is completed, the forward and reverse motors 63, the external conveying pump, and the two electromagnets 552 at the front and rear are controlled to stop working in sequence. Then, the servo motor 524 controls the two roller chains 522 at the front and rear to rotate synchronously, driving the sprayed tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board to continue sliding to the right. As the sprayed tooling plate 53 and the automotive multilayer PCB board slide to the right, they will slide into the cleaning chamber 4. Then, multiple nozzles on the spray pipe 613 will spray onto the corresponding upper and lower ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning both the upper and lower ends of the automotive multilayer PCB board.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional gradient positioning etching system for automotive multilayer PCB boards, characterized in that, include: The equipment box (1) is equipped with a visible sealing cover (2) at the top. An etching chamber (3) is installed on the inner wall of the equipment box (1). A cleaning chamber (4) is also installed on the right side of the equipment box (1). A conveying and positioning part (5) is provided on both the equipment box (1) and the etching chamber (3). An etching part (6) is also provided on both the equipment box (1) and the etching chamber (3). The conveying and positioning part (5) includes a support frame (51) symmetrically installed at both ends of the inner wall of the equipment box (1) and the etching chamber (3). The upper end of the support frame (51) has a clearance groove. The equipment box (1) is provided with a conveying group (52) corresponding to the support frame (51). The upper ends of the support frames (51) on both the front and rear sides are slidably provided with a tooling plate (53). The tooling plate (53) has a U-shaped structure. The middle of the inner wall of both the front and rear ends of the etching chamber (3) is symmetrically installed with a mating plate (54). The mating plate (54) on both the front and rear sides and the tooling plate (53) are provided with a positioning group (55). The etching section (6) includes a nozzle group (61) that is provided on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the equipment box (1). A rotating shaft (62) is mounted on the upper end of the equipment box (1) through a bearing seat. A forward and reverse motor (63) is mounted on the front end of the equipment box (1) under the rotating shaft (62) through a motor seat.

2. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting groups are provided on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends of the tooling plate (53). The limiting groups include sliding holes symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the tooling plate (53). The sliding holes are T-shaped. A limiting plate (531) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding holes by means of a spring. The limiting plate (531) is T-shaped. The end of the limiting plate (531) facing the outside of the tooling plate (53) is magnetically attached, and the end facing the inside of the tooling plate (53) is rounded. Supporting crossbars (532) are installed on the lower side of the inner walls of both the left and right ends of the tooling plate (53). Multiple filter holes are evenly distributed from front to back on the supporting crossbars (532).

3. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooling plate (53) has multiple docking holes symmetrically opened on the inner walls of both the front and rear ends. The multiple docking holes are evenly distributed from left to right. The mating plate (54) facing the tooling plate (53) has a guide groove corresponding to the multiple docking holes. The mating plate (54) also has a discharge cavity connected to the multiple guide grooves. The mating plate (54) is connected to a discharge pipe (541) at the end away from the tooling plate (53). The discharge pipe (541) consists of multiple connecting pipes and a main pipe. The main pipe of the discharge pipe (541) passes through both the etching chamber (3) and the equipment box (1).

4. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning group (55) includes positioning magnets (551) symmetrically embedded at both ends of the tooling plate (53), and an electromagnet (552) is embedded at one end of the mating plate (54) facing the tooling plate (53) to correspond to the positioning magnets (551) and the limiting plate (531).

5. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle assembly (61) includes a conveying pipe (611) located at the front end of the equipment box (1) and mounted on two mounting plates. Connecting plates (612) are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying pipe (611). The front end of the connecting plate (612) is connected to the conveying pipe (611) through multiple transition bends evenly distributed from left to right. Spray pipes (613) are rotatably installed on the connecting plate (612) at the positions corresponding to the multiple transition bends. The front ends of the multiple spray pipes (613) rotatably pass through the etching chamber (3) and the equipment box (1) at the same time, and are connected to the corresponding transition bends through rotary joints.

6. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor (63) rotates through the front end of the equipment box (1) and is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (62). Multiple spray pipes (613) on the upper and lower sides and their corresponding rotating shafts (62) are connected by a transmission belt, and the two rotating shafts (62) on the upper and lower sides are also connected by a transmission belt.

7. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying group (52) includes sprockets (521) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each support frame (51). Roller chains (522) are sleeved on the sprockets (521) on both sides. Drive shafts (523) are symmetrically rotated and installed on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the etching chamber (3). Multiple sprockets (521) are fixedly sleeved on the corresponding drive shafts (523). A servo motor (524) is installed at the front end of the equipment box (1) through a motor mount. The output shaft of the servo motor (524) rotates through the outer wall of the equipment box (1) and is fixedly connected to any one of the drive shafts (523).

8. The multi-directional gradient positioning automotive multilayer PCB etching system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The equipment box (1) has collection chambers (7) symmetrically installed on the bottom inner wall. The collection chamber (7) on the left is connected to the etching chamber (3) through a connecting pipe, and the collection chamber (7) on the right is connected to the cleaning chamber (4) through a connecting pipe. The equipment box (1) and the cleaning chamber (4) have two support bars installed on the inner wall of the right end of the equipment box (1) and the right end of the cleaning chamber (4) corresponding to the front and rear support frames (51). The cleaning chamber (4) is also equipped with a nozzle group (61) for spraying clean water. The equipment box (1) and the cleaning chamber (4) have clearance openings on the tooling plates (53) at both ends of the equipment box (1) and the cleaning chamber (4).

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