Air cushion mode electric sickbed

Abstract

The invention is suitable for an electric sickbed, and provides an air cushion mode electric sickbed which comprises a bed board, the bed board is rotatably connected with a back board, a driving mechanism is arranged between the bed board and the back board and can push the back board to rotate, and a supporting assembly and a protection assembly are arranged on the back board. The supporting assembly is used for elastically supporting the body of a patient, and the protection assembly is used for fixing the body of the patient. According to the invention, linearization and precision of displacement transmission in a backboard angle adjusting process are realized, and a return clearance error of a traditional transmission structure is eliminated. The self-locking function of the thread pair prevents angle deviation of the back plate when the body position of the patient changes, the rotary connection design reduces friction loss in the motion conversion process, and stability and reliability of posture adjustment of the back plate are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to electric hospital beds, and more particularly to an air-cushion type electric hospital bed. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical care, electric hospital beds provide sitting and lying support for patients by adjusting the backrest angle, but their comfort and safety still have significant shortcomings. Traditional air-cushioned backrests typically use fixed air pressure or simple weight-based adjustment, which has the following key drawbacks: In terms of safety, the air cushion pressure fails to adapt to the patient's dynamic physiological state in real time, especially when the patient's body surface temperature is abnormal, traditional systems cannot promptly identify the potential risk of pressure sores. Simultaneously, existing technology completely ignores the air cushion's own condition parameters, including material aging, structural fatigue, and surface temperature changes. The combination of these factors may lead to sudden failure of the support structure or localized overheating and burns. Furthermore, there is a lack of intelligent linkage between the protective components and the patient's position; the tension of the fixing straps cannot dynamically match the backrest tilt angle and the patient's body shape characteristics. This can lead to either insufficient restraint causing the patient to slip or excessive tightness causing circulatory obstruction.

[0003] In terms of comfort, existing systems exhibit significant adjustment lag. When the backrest angle is adjusted, the air cushion pressure cannot synchronously respond to the changes in pressure distribution caused by the tilt angle, resulting in localized pressure or unsupported areas in the patient's lower back and back. More significantly, the existing pressure regulation model fails to integrate key individualized parameters such as the patient's height, weight, and body temperature, leaving the elastic support in a coarse-grained adjustment stage. Although some improved hospital beds have attempted to introduce air cushion pressure regulation functions, their control logic has serious limitations: either relying solely on static preset parameters for mechanical grading, or using only a single pressure sensor for feedback control, completely lacking the ability to conduct multi-dimensional collaborative analysis of the patient's physiological state, positional changes, and air cushion performance. This fragmented adjustment method inevitably leads to slow response and error accumulation.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air-cushion mode electric hospital bed, which aims to solve the problem that electric hospital beds provide sitting and lying support for patients by adjusting the backrest angle, but their comfort and safety are still significantly insufficient.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: an air cushion mode electric hospital bed includes a bed board, a back panel rotatably connected to the bed board, a drive mechanism between the bed board and the back panel, the drive mechanism being able to drive the back panel to rotate, and a support component and a protective component provided on the back panel. The support component is used to provide elastic support for the patient's body, and the protective component is used to fix the patient's body.

[0007] The air pressure regulation system includes:

[0008] The data acquisition module is capable of acquiring patient status information, backplate status information, and air cushion status information;

[0009] The patient status assessment module can construct a patient status assessment model based on the patient's height, weight, and body surface temperature information, and output the patient status assessment coefficient.

[0010] The reclining state assessment module can construct a reclining state assessment model based on the tilt angle of the back panel, the stability of the back panel, and the tension of the fixing straps, and output the reclining state assessment coefficients.

[0011] The comprehensive assessment module for patient lying and reclining status can construct a comprehensive assessment model for patient lying and reclining status based on the patient status assessment coefficient and the lying and reclining status assessment coefficient, and output the comprehensive assessment coefficient for patient lying and reclining status.

[0012] The cushion condition assessment module can construct a cushion condition assessment model based on the aging degree of the air cushion, the material toughness of the air cushion, and the surface temperature of the air cushion, and output the cushion condition assessment coefficient.

[0013] The air pressure control module can construct an air pressure control model based on the standard air pressure in the air cushion, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the patient's lying position, and the evaluation coefficient of the cushion's position, and output the target air pressure of the air cushion.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a drive rod, a threaded sleeve, and a connecting rod; the motor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bed board, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the drive rod, the drive rod is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably connected to the back plate by a connecting rod.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the support component includes an air cushion and an air pump. The air cushion is fixedly connected to the back plate, and the back plate is also provided with an air pump, which is connected to the air cushion.

[0016] In a further technical solution, the protective component includes a connector, a mechanism housing, and a socket;

[0017] The air cushion is provided with a connector and a socket on both sides. The connector is connected to a mechanism box, and a fixing strap is wound around the mechanism box.

[0018] A further technical solution is to divide the patient's actual height by the set upper limit value to obtain the height index, divide the patient's actual weight by the set upper limit value to obtain the weight index, and divide the actual body surface temperature by the set upper limit value to obtain the body surface temperature index.

[0019] The patient status assessment model is as follows:

[0020] C p =α h H+α w W+α t (1-T);

[0021] Where α h α w and α t All are weighting coefficients, α h +α w +α t =1, and α h α w and α t All are greater than 0, H is height index, W is body mass index, T is body surface temperature index, and C is body temperature index. p This is the patient status assessment coefficient.

[0022] A further technical solution is to divide the backplate tilt angle by the maximum tilt angle of the backplate to obtain the backplate tilt angle index, and to divide the actual tension of the fixing strap by the ultimate tension of the strap to obtain the tension index of the fixing strap.

[0023] The reclining state assessment model is as follows:

[0024] C b =γ a (1-θ)+γ s (1-S)+γ f (1-F);

[0025] Where γ a γ s and γ f All are weighting coefficients, γ a +γ s +γ f =1, and γ a γ s and γ f All are greater than 0, θ is the backplate tilt angle exponent; S is the backplate stability, S∈(0,1), S is dimensionless, F is the tension exponent, C b This is the evaluation coefficient for the reclining state.

[0026] A further technical solution is that the comprehensive assessment model for the patient's reclining state is as follows:

[0027] C l =w p C p +w b C b ;

[0028] Where w p with w bAll are weighting coefficients, w p +w b =1, and w p with w b All are greater than 0; C p C is the patient status assessment coefficient. b C is the evaluation coefficient for the reclining state. l A comprehensive assessment coefficient for the patient's reclining position.

[0029] A further technical solution is to divide the surface temperature of the air cushion side by the set maximum surface temperature to obtain the air cushion surface temperature index.

[0030] The cushion condition evaluation model is as follows:

[0031] C g =δ a (1-A g )+δ r R m +δ t (1-T g );

[0032] Where δ a δ r and δ t All are weighting coefficients, δ a +δ r +δ t =1, and δ a δ r and δ t All are greater than 0; A g A represents the aging index of the air cushion. g The range is (0,1), R m R represents the toughness of the material. m The range is (0,1), T g C is the surface temperature index of the air cushion. g This is the cushion condition evaluation coefficient.

[0033] A further technical solution is that the gas pressure regulation model is as follows:

[0034] P tanget =P std (1+η l C l +η g C g );

[0035] Where P std η is the standard air pressure of the air cushion. l η g These are the adjustment coefficients for reclining and backrest states, η. l η gAll are greater than 0, C l C is the comprehensive assessment coefficient for the patient's reclining position. g P is the cushion condition evaluation coefficient. tanget The target air pressure for the air cushion.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] This application achieves linearization and precision in displacement transmission during backplate angle adjustment, eliminating backlash errors in traditional transmission structures. The self-locking function of the threaded pair prevents backplate angle shift when the patient's position changes, and the rotating connection design reduces frictional losses during motion transitions, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of backplate posture adjustment.

[0038] This application can dynamically adjust the air cushion pressure based on the patient's real-time physiological state and changes in lying posture. For example, when insufficient tension of the fixation straps leads to a decrease in lying stability, the model triggers the air cushion pressure compensation mechanism by reducing the weight of the lying posture evaluation coefficient. This solves the problem of lag in support pressure caused by fragmented parameter analysis in traditional technologies and avoids the risk of local compression or slippage caused by a mismatch between air cushion pressure and patient needs.

[0039] This application can dynamically adjust air pressure based on the patient's real-time body surface temperature, backrest tilt angle, and air cushion aging level, avoiding the risk of pressure sores caused by air cushion pressure not matching the patient's abnormal body temperature. Simultaneously, it compensates for the impact of air cushion material aging on support performance, preventing localized air cushion collapse or overheating. Furthermore, through the setting of independent weighting coefficients, the priority of reclining and air cushion states can be flexibly adjusted according to different clinical scenarios. For example, when the air cushion is severely aged, the adjustment coefficient for the reclining state can be increased first, ensuring the reliability and safety of air pressure regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in this invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support component and the protective component in this invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air pressure regulation system in this invention.

[0044] In the attached diagram: 1. Bed board; 2. Backrest; 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Drive rod; 33. Threaded sleeve; 34. Connecting rod; 4. Support assembly; 41. Air cushion; 42. Air pump; 5. Protective assembly; 51. Connector; 52. Mechanism box; 53. Socket; 6. Moving frame. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0047] like Figures 1-4 As shown, an air cushion mode electric hospital bed provided in one embodiment of the present invention includes a bed board 1, a movable frame 6 fixedly installed at the bottom of the bed board 1, a back panel 2 rotatably connected to the bed board 1, a drive mechanism 3 provided between the bed board 1 and the back panel 2, the drive mechanism 3 being able to drive the back panel 2 to rotate, a support component 4 and a protective component 5 provided on the back panel 2, the support component 4 being used to provide elastic support for the patient's body, and the protective component 5 being used to fix the patient's body;

[0048] The air pressure regulation system includes:

[0049] The data acquisition module is capable of acquiring patient status information, backplate 2 status information, and air cushion 41 status information.

[0050] The patient status assessment module can construct a patient status assessment model based on the patient's height, weight, and body surface temperature information, and output the patient status assessment coefficient.

[0051] The reclining state assessment module can construct a reclining state assessment model based on the tilt angle of the back plate 2, the stability of the back plate 2, and the tension of the fixing strap, and output the reclining state assessment coefficient.

[0052] The comprehensive assessment module for patient lying and reclining status can construct a comprehensive assessment model for patient lying and reclining status based on the patient status assessment coefficient and the lying and reclining status assessment coefficient, and output the comprehensive assessment coefficient for patient lying and reclining status.

[0053] The cushion condition assessment module can construct a cushion condition assessment model based on the aging degree of the air cushion 41, the material toughness of the air cushion 41, and the surface temperature of the air cushion 41, and output the cushion condition assessment coefficient.

[0054] The air pressure control module can construct an air pressure control model based on the standard air pressure in the air cushion 41, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the patient's lying position, and the evaluation coefficient of the cushion's position, and output the target air pressure of the air cushion 41.

[0055] In this embodiment, the data acquisition module refers to the sensing unit used to collect real-time information on the patient's height, weight, and body surface temperature. The patient status assessment module refers to the algorithm unit that converts physiological parameters into quantitative indicators. Specifically, it can use a linear weighted model to process height, weight, and body surface temperature data to identify patient body shape characteristics and abnormal physiological states. The reclining status assessment module refers to the computational unit that analyzes the mechanical state of the backrest 2. The comprehensive patient reclining status assessment module refers to the coupled analysis unit that integrates physiological and mechanical data. Specifically, it can use a dual-weighted coefficient superposition model to achieve collaborative analysis of individualized parameters and real-time posture. The cushion status assessment module refers to the diagnostic unit that detects performance degradation of the air cushion 41 to provide early warning of the risk of air cushion 41 failure. The air pressure regulation module refers to the execution unit that dynamically adjusts the air pressure to generate a target pressure value adapted to the current comprehensive state.

[0056] Specifically, the data acquisition module collects patient height, weight, and surface temperature data through multi-source sensors, while simultaneously monitoring the tilt angle, vibration amplitude, and tension value of the fixing straps on the backrest 2, and acquiring information on the aging degree, material toughness, and surface temperature of the air cushion 41. The patient status assessment module compares height and weight with preset thresholds to generate indices, and calculates a comprehensive assessment coefficient based on the degree of abnormal surface temperature, quantifying the patient's changing need for support. The reclining status assessment module assesses the risk level of postural stability based on the angle deviation rate of the backrest 2, vibration frequency, and tension deviation of the fixing straps. The comprehensive patient reclining status assessment module integrates the physiological assessment coefficient and the postural assessment coefficient according to preset weights to generate a pressure correction benchmark reflecting the patient's real-time status. The cushion status assessment module predicts the attenuation trend of the air cushion 41's load-bearing capacity by analyzing the material fatigue, temperature fluctuation amplitude, and aging crack propagation rate of the air cushion 41. The air pressure control module generates a target pressure based on the standard pressure value, superimposed with the status correction amount, and drives the air pump 42 to adjust the air pressure to the set value.

[0057] Compared to existing technologies, traditional hospital beds adjust the pressure of the air cushion 41 based solely on the patient's weight. This solution integrates three physiological parameters—patient height, weight, and body surface temperature—combined with three mechanical parameters—backrest angle, vibration state, and fixation tension—and incorporates three equipment parameters—air cushion 41 aging, material properties, and surface temperature—to form a nine-dimensional data collaborative analysis system. Existing technologies use static threshold judgments; this solution achieves non-linear coupling between parameters through dynamic weight allocation. For example, when body surface temperature is abnormal, the temperature weight is automatically increased to prioritize skin protection. Compared to traditional fixed-ratio adjustment models, this solution constructs a progressive control architecture with three layers of assessment modules, enabling pressure adjustment to respond to real-time physiological changes in the patient while also considering equipment reliability limitations.

[0058] Through the above technical solutions, this application can detect abnormal patient body surface temperature in real time and automatically reduce local air pressure to prevent pressure sores; dynamically adjust the pressure distribution of air cushion 41 according to the tilt angle of back plate 2 to eliminate the imbalance of support force caused by angle changes; quantify the aging degree of air cushion 41 to give early warning of the risk of damage and avoid sudden air leakage accidents; and generate individualized pressure curves by combining the patient's height and weight characteristics with real-time posture data to reduce local pressure caused by body shape differences.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive mechanism 3 includes a motor 31, a drive rod 32, a threaded sleeve 33, and a connecting rod 34;

[0060] The motor 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bed board 1. The output shaft of the motor 31 is fixedly connected to a drive rod 32. The drive rod 32 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 33. The threaded sleeve 33 is rotatably connected to the back plate 2 by a connecting rod 34.

[0061] In this embodiment, the output shaft of motor 31 is rigidly connected to drive rod 32 to eliminate transmission backlash. When drive rod 32 rotates, it pushes threaded sleeve 33 to move axially through threaded joint. The linear displacement of threaded sleeve 33 is transmitted to back plate 2 via connecting rod 34. The rotational connection between connecting rod 34 and back plate 2 converts linear motion into angular displacement adjustment of back plate 2. The self-locking characteristic of threaded joint prevents back plate 2 from retracting under load. Closed-loop control of motor 31 combined with threaded transmission precision enables fine adjustment of the angle of back plate 2.

[0062] Compared with existing technologies, traditional drive mechanisms 3, which use gears or hydraulic transmission, have risks of backlash error and pressure leakage. This solution eliminates transmission backlash through a threaded pair and rigid connection structure, and combines self-locking characteristics to prevent angle backlash. In existing technologies, connecting rods 34 often use a single hinge point, which is prone to deflection vibration. This solution uses a rotating connection design to distribute the force and suppress mechanical vibration during the adjustment process.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves linearization and precision in displacement transmission during the angle adjustment of the backplate 2, eliminating the backlash error of traditional transmission structures. The self-locking function of the threaded pair prevents the backplate 2 from shifting its angle when the patient's position changes, and the rotating connection design reduces frictional losses during motion transitions, ensuring the stability and reliability of the backplate 2's posture adjustment.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support component 4 includes an air cushion 41 and an air pump 42. The air cushion 41 is fixedly connected to the back plate 2, and the back plate 2 is also provided with an air pump 42, which is connected to the air cushion 41.

[0065] In this embodiment, the air cushion 41 refers to an inflatable support structure made of flexible material, specifically silicone or polyurethane. Its internal cavity is inflated and deflated by an air pump 42 to achieve elastic deformation. The air cushion 41 is fixedly connected to the back plate 2 and can adjust its shape synchronously with changes in the angle of the back plate 2, preventing displacement of the air cushion 41 due to mechanical movement. The air pump 42 is a power device used to regulate the internal air pressure of the air cushion 41. Specifically, it can be implemented by using a miniature brushless motor 31 to drive a piston-type air pump 42, with its output end directly connected to the internal cavity of the air cushion 41 via a flexible hose. The air pump 42 is mounted on the back plate 2, which shortens the air transmission distance and reduces air pressure regulation delay.

[0066] Specifically, the air cushion 41 is fixed to the surface of the backplate 2 by adhesive or snap-fit, forming a support surface consistent with the contour of the backplate 2. When the angle of the backplate 2 is adjusted, the air cushion 41 bends synchronously with the backplate 2, and its internal air pressure is adjusted in real time by the air pump 42. The air pump 42 detects changes in the internal pressure of the air cushion 41 and replenishes or releases gas into the air cushion 41, so that the air cushion 41 maintains a preset support stiffness during the tilting of the backplate 2. The direct connection design between the air pump 42 and the air cushion 41 eliminates the air pressure loss caused by the long-distance pipeline of the traditional external air pump 42, allowing the air cushion 41 to respond quickly to changes in the patient's position. The fixed connection method of the air cushion 41 avoids the frictional displacement caused by the movement of the backplate 2 of the traditional detachable air cushion 41, thereby preventing local support failure caused by the displacement of the air cushion 41.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective component 5 includes a connector 51, a mechanism box 52, and a socket 53;

[0068] The air cushion 41 is provided with a connector 51 and a socket 53 on both sides respectively. The connector 51 is connected to a mechanism box 52, and a fixing strap is wound around the mechanism box 52.

[0069] In this embodiment, connector 51 refers to the interface component that forms a detachable connection with mechanism box 52. Specifically, it can be implemented using a quick-plug structure, used to adjust the installation position of the fixation strap on both sides of air cushion 41 according to the patient's body shape. Socket 53 refers to the matching base of connector 51 fixed to the side of air cushion 41, specifically implemented using a snap-on or threaded structure, used to provide a stable support base for connector 51. Mechanism box 52 refers to a functional box with a built-in fixation strap retraction device, specifically implemented using a combination of spring reel and ratchet mechanism, storing the fixation strap through a shrink-wrap method and maintaining constant tension during release. Shrink-wrap refers to the storage method of the fixation strap within mechanism box 52, specifically implemented using a self-rebound reel structure combined with a damper, allowing the effective length of the fixation strap to automatically adjust with changes in the tilt angle of back plate 2.

[0070] When the back plate 2 tilts, the spring reel inside the mechanism box 52 automatically releases or retracts the fixing strap under the action of gravity, dynamically matching the effective length of the fixing strap with the tilt angle of the back plate 2. The ratchet mechanism built into the mechanism box 52 achieves mechanical self-locking through rack and pinion engagement during the release of the fixing strap, preventing accidental loosening. The independent operation design of the two mechanism boxes 52 allows the tension of the fixing straps on both sides to be adjusted separately, balancing the lateral forces generated by the tilt of the back plate 2.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the patient's actual height is divided by a set upper limit value to obtain a height index, the patient's actual weight is divided by a set upper limit value to obtain a weight index, and the patient's actual body surface temperature is divided by a set upper limit value to obtain a body surface temperature index.

[0072] The patient status assessment model is as follows:

[0073] C p =α h H+α w W+α t (1-T);

[0074] Where α h α w and α t All are weighting coefficients, α h +α w +α t =1, and α h α w and α t All are greater than 0, H is height index, W is body mass index, T is body surface temperature index, and C is body temperature index. p This is the patient status assessment coefficient.

[0075] In this embodiment, the height index is a standardized parameter generated by the ratio of the patient's actual height to a preset upper limit. Specifically, it can be achieved by measuring the patient's height with a sensor and comparing it to a preset threshold, reflecting the patient's body shape's need for support area. The body weight index is a standardized parameter generated by the ratio of the patient's actual weight to a preset upper limit. Specifically, it can be achieved by measuring the body weight with a pressure sensor or a scale and comparing it to a preset threshold, used to assess the baseline of body pressure distribution. The body surface temperature index is a standardized parameter generated by the ratio of the patient's actual temperature to a preset upper limit. Specifically, it can be achieved by detecting skin temperature with an infrared temperature sensor, used to correlate with pressure ulcer risk. Weighting coefficient α h α w and α t It refers to the regulatory factor used to balance the influence of different physiological parameters on the assessment results. Specifically, it can be dynamically adjusted through preset algorithms or by medical staff inputting patient characteristic parameters.

[0076] Specifically, by normalizing height, weight, and body surface temperature to preset upper limits, dimensional differences are eliminated and the data are transformed into quantifiable and comparable indices. In the patient status assessment model, the height index H and weight index W directly participate in a linear combination, while the body surface temperature index T is calculated in the form of (1-T). When an abnormally high body surface temperature is detected, this parameter value decreases, thereby triggering pressure regulation. The dynamic allocation of weighting coefficients allows the system to adjust parameter priorities according to individual patient differences; for example, increasing α for patients at high risk of pressure ulcers. t The weighting of temperature parameters enhances their influence on the evaluation coefficient. The model outputs a patient status evaluation coefficient C. p This provides a quantitative input of multidimensional physiological parameters for the subsequent pressure regulation of the air cushion 41.

[0077] Compared to existing technologies, traditional air cushions rely solely on a single static parameter or preset weight level for pressure adjustment, failing to respond in real-time to changes in the patient's physiological state. This solution dynamically integrates three parameters—height, weight, and body surface temperature—and introduces adjustable weighting coefficients, enabling the pressure control model to adapt to different patients' body types and real-time health conditions. For example, when a patient's local body temperature rises due to inflammation, existing technologies cannot identify this risk, while this solution promptly reduces C-temperature through changes in the temperature index. p The value triggers pressure adjustment of the air cushion 41 to prevent pressure sores from forming.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tilt angle of the back plate 2 is divided by the maximum tilt angle of the back plate 2 to obtain the tilt angle index of the back plate 2, and the actual tension of the fixing strap is divided by the ultimate tension of the back strap to obtain the tension index of the fixing strap.

[0079] The reclining state assessment model is as follows:

[0080] C b =γ a (1-θ)+γ s (1-S)+γ f (1-F);

[0081] Where γ a γ s and γ f All are weighting coefficients, γ a +γ s +γ f =1, and γ a γ s and γ f All are greater than 0, θ is the tilt angle exponent of backplate 2; S is the stability of backplate 2, S∈(0,1), S is dimensionless, F is the tension exponent, C b This is the evaluation coefficient for the reclining state.

[0082] In this embodiment, the tilt angle index of the backplate 2 refers to the ratio of the current tilt angle to the maximum allowable tilt angle. Specifically, it can be achieved by measuring the actual angle of the backplate 2 using an angle sensor and then dividing it by a preset maximum angle. This reflects the impact of the backplate 2's elevation on the patient's downward trend. The stability of the backplate 2 refers to the amplitude of mechanical vibration or the degree of displacement fluctuation of the backplate 2 in a tilted state. Specifically, it can be achieved by collecting vibration data using an accelerometer and calculating the stability index using a filtering algorithm. This is used to determine the real-time stability of the support structure. The tension index refers to the ratio of the actual binding force applied by the fixation strap to its material's bearing capacity limit. Specifically, it can be achieved by measuring the tension of the fixation strap using a tension sensor and then dividing it by a preset safety threshold. This is used to quantify the binding strength to prevent excessive compression.

[0083] Specifically, the tilt angle index θ of the back panel 2 is normalized to convert the actual angle into a proportional value between 0 and 1. When the lifting angle of the back panel 2 increases, the θ value increases, causing the (1-θ) term to decrease, thereby reducing the reclining state evaluation coefficient C. b The air cushion 41 is activated to adjust its pressure, enhancing support for the patient. The stability S of the backplate 2 is monitored in real-time for mechanical vibration or displacement changes. When the backplate 2 sways more, the S value decreases, leading to an increase in the (1-S) term, thus dynamically correcting the evaluation coefficient to compensate for support instability. The tension index F reflects the restraint strength as the ratio of actual tension to the limit value. When the fixation strap is too tight, the F value approaches 1, causing the (1-F) term to approach 0, automatically reducing the evaluation coefficient and triggering restraint force adjustment. Weighting coefficient γ... a γ s and γ f The normalized allocation allows the contribution of different parameters to be adjustable, for example, increasing γ when the backplate 2 is tilted significantly. a Weighting, prioritizing the impact of changes in the angle on the support force.

[0084] Compared to existing technologies, traditional methods adjust restraint based solely on the tension of the fixation strap, neglecting the impact of changes in the backplate 2 angle on the patient's position and ignoring the interference of mechanical structural stability on the support effect. Existing technologies typically use a fixed threshold to control the tension of the fixation strap, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the restraint strength according to the tilt angle of the backplate 2. This can easily lead to excessive tightness or failure of the restraint when the backplate 2 is raised due to changes in the patient's position. This solution integrates three dynamic parameters—angle, stability, and tension—to establish a multi-dimensional evaluation model, achieving coordinated adaptation between the protective component 5 and the support state.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the comprehensive assessment model for the patient's reclining state is as follows:

[0086] C l =w p C p +wb C b ;

[0087] Where w p with w b All are weighting coefficients, w p +w b =1, and w p with w b All are greater than 0; C p C is the patient status assessment coefficient. b C is the evaluation coefficient for the reclining state. l A comprehensive assessment coefficient for the patient's reclining position.

[0088] In this embodiment, the weighting coefficient refers to the parameter used to adjust the proportion of the patient's individual physiological state and lying posture dynamic parameters in the comprehensive assessment. Specifically, it can be implemented using preset empirical values ​​or adaptive algorithms for dynamic adjustment; for example, the patient state weight can be set to 0.6, and the lying posture weight to 0.4. The patient state assessment coefficient is a quantitative index calculated using physiological parameters such as the patient's height, weight, and body surface temperature. Specifically, it can be implemented using a normalized linear weighted model, for example, by proportionally integrating the height index, weight index, and body surface temperature index. The lying posture assessment coefficient is a quantitative index calculated using mechanical parameters such as the tilt angle, stability, and tension of the fixing straps of the backrest 2. Specifically, it can be implemented by using sensors to collect data in real time and inputting it into the assessment model; for example, by using an angle sensor to measure the tilt angle of the backrest 2.

[0089] Specifically, the comprehensive assessment model for patient lying posture generates a comprehensive assessment coefficient by weighting and fusing the patient's physiological state and lying posture parameters. In this model, the weighting coefficients can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual application scenario. For example, the weight of the patient's body surface temperature parameter can be increased during the postoperative recovery phase, or the weight of the fixation strap tension can be increased when the backrest is tilted at two large angles. The comprehensive assessment coefficient for patient lying posture achieves data normalization through linear combination, allowing physiological and mechanical parameters of different dimensions to synergistically affect the pressure regulation of the air cushion 41. During operation, after the patient state assessment module and the lying posture assessment module output their assessment coefficients, the model superimposes and calculates them according to preset weights, ultimately outputting a comprehensive index representing the patient's real-time comfort and safety.

[0090] Through the above technical solution, this application can dynamically adjust the pressure of the air cushion 41 according to the patient's real-time physiological state and changes in lying posture. For example, when the tension of the fixation strap is insufficient, leading to a decrease in lying stability, the model triggers the air cushion 41 pressure compensation mechanism by reducing the weight of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the patient's lying posture. This solves the problem of lag in support pressure caused by parameter fragmentation analysis in traditional technologies and avoids the risk of local compression or slippage caused by a mismatch between the air cushion 41 pressure and the patient's needs.

[0091] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface temperature index of the air cushion 41 is obtained by dividing the side surface temperature of the air cushion 41 by the set maximum surface temperature.

[0092] The cushion condition evaluation model is as follows:

[0093] C g =δ a (1-A g )+δ r R m +δ t (1-T g );

[0094] Where δ a δ r and δ t All are weighting coefficients, δ a +δ r +δ t =1, and δ a δ r and δ t All are greater than 0; A g A represents the aging index of Air Cushion 41. g The range is (0,1), R m R represents the toughness of the material. m The range is (0,1), T g C represents the surface temperature index of air cushion 41. g This is the cushion condition evaluation coefficient.

[0095] In this embodiment, the aging index of the air cushion 41 refers to the degree of performance degradation of the air cushion 41 due to usage time or environmental factors. This can be achieved using an air cushion 41 deformation sensor or a pressure decay test module, quantifying the impact of the remaining service life of the air cushion 41 on its supporting force. Material toughness refers to the ability of the air cushion 41 material to resist tensile deformation or tearing. This can be achieved using a material tensile testing machine or a preset material parameter database, reflecting the contribution of the air cushion 41's deformation resistance to safety. The surface temperature index of the air cushion 41 is the ratio of the side surface temperature of the air cushion 41 to a preset safe temperature threshold. This can be achieved using an infrared temperature sensor or a contact temperature probe, assessing the risk of overheating of the air cushion 41. The weighting coefficient refers to the adjustment ratio of each parameter in the model. This can be achieved through a dynamic adjustment algorithm or preset empirical values, balancing the comprehensive impact of aging, material performance, and temperature on the state of the air cushion 41.

[0096] Specifically, the negative impact of the remaining service life of the air cushion 41 on the support force is calculated inversely using the aging degree index of the air cushion 41. For example, as the aging degree of the air cushion 41 increases, the index term (1-T)... g The evaluation coefficient is reduced by decreasing the material toughness; the contribution of the material's tensile strength to the integrity of the air cushion 41 is reflected by positive weighting of the material toughness, for example, when the material toughness increases, R... m Increase to improve the assessment coefficient; calculate the overheating risk of air cushion 41 inversely through the surface temperature index, for example, when the surface temperature is close to the safety threshold, the index term (1-T) is increased. g The pressure is reduced to trigger pressure regulation. The weighting coefficient δ a δ r and δ t The allocation can be dynamically adjusted according to actual needs, for example, by increasing δ in high-temperature environments. t The weights are assigned to prioritize the suppression of overheating risk. The linear superposition of the above parameters generates the cushion condition evaluation coefficient C. g This provides a quantitative basis for subsequent gas pressure regulation.

[0097] Compared with existing technologies, traditional air cushion 41 condition assessment relies on a single parameter such as pressure or temperature, which cannot distinguish the coupled effects of aging, material degradation and temperature anomalies. This solution, through multi-dimensional parameter fusion calculation, can simultaneously identify the support force reduction, material deformation risk and local overheating problems caused by air cushion 41 aging, and avoid support failure caused by the deviation of a single parameter monitoring.

[0098] Through the above technical solution, this application can monitor the aging degree of the air cushion 41 in real time and predict its remaining service life, dynamically assess the impact of changes in material toughness on the deformation resistance of the air cushion 41, and simultaneously detect abnormal surface temperatures to prevent local overheating damage. By comprehensively calculating the weighted average of the three types of parameters, the performance degradation of the air cushion 41 caused by aging or environmental factors can be accurately identified, and the air pressure can be adjusted to compensate for the loss of support force or suppress the risk of overheating, thereby solving the safety risk problem caused by the single-mindedness of traditional air cushion 41 condition assessment.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air pressure regulation model is as follows:

[0100] P tanget =P std (1+η l C l +η g C g );

[0101] Where P std η is the standard air pressure of air cushion 41. l η g These are the adjustment coefficients for reclining and backrest states, η. l η g All are greater than 0, C l C is the comprehensive assessment coefficient for the patient's reclining position. g P is the cushion condition evaluation coefficient. tanget The target air pressure for air cushion 41.

[0102] In this embodiment, the standard air pressure of the air cushion 41 refers to the preset reference pressure value of the air cushion 41, which can be achieved through preset parameters of the air pump 42 control module to provide an initial air pressure reference. The reclining state adjustment coefficient is a weighted parameter used to adjust the influence of the comprehensive assessment result of the patient's reclining state on the target air pressure. It can be determined using empirical values ​​or dynamic optimization algorithms to balance the combined influence of the patient's body shape, body temperature, and the tilt angle of the backrest 2. The cushion state adjustment coefficient is a weighted parameter used to adjust the influence of the air cushion 41 state assessment result on the target air pressure. For example, it can be dynamically adjusted based on the aging degree and material performance data of the air cushion 41 fed back by sensors to compensate for the performance degradation of the air cushion 41. The comprehensive assessment coefficient of the patient's reclining state is a dynamic assessment value that integrates the patient's physiological state and the tilt state of the backrest 2. For example, it can be calculated by fusing parameters such as height, weight, body surface temperature, and the angle of the backrest 2 to reflect the patient's real-time reclining needs. The cushion condition assessment coefficient is a dynamic assessment value that combines the aging degree of the air cushion 41, the toughness of the material, and the surface temperature. For example, it is calculated by the fatigue detection module of the air cushion 41 material and the temperature sensor data, and is used to reflect the performance status of the air cushion 41 itself.

[0103] Specifically, the air pressure regulation model uses the standard air pressure of air cushion 41 as a benchmark. It generates the target air pressure by superimposing the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the patient's lying position and the adjustment coefficient of the backrest position, each multiplied by its corresponding evaluation coefficient. When the patient's lying position changes, such as an increase in the tilt angle of the backrest 2 or an increase in body surface temperature, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient C of the patient's lying position changes. l Through the weighting coefficient η l Adjust the target air pressure to accommodate the pressure distribution requirements caused by changes in the tilt angle. Simultaneously, when the air cushion 41 ages further or its surface temperature becomes abnormal, the cushion condition assessment coefficient C... g Through the weighting coefficient η g The target air pressure is adjusted to compensate for the decline in the material performance of air cushion 41 or to avoid local overheating. By linearly superimposing the effects of two types of evaluation coefficients, the dynamic adaptation between the patient's real-time physiological state and lying posture is ensured, while also taking into account the compensation needs for changes in the performance of air cushion 41 itself.

[0104] Compared to existing technologies, traditional air mattresses rely solely on static parameters or single sensor data to adjust air pressure, failing to integrate the patient's physiological state, lying posture, and air mattress performance in a synergistic analysis. This solution, by introducing dynamic evaluation coefficients and an independent weighting adjustment mechanism, achieves real-time fusion and precise control of multi-dimensional parameters, resolving the issues of lag in air pressure regulation, support failure, and localized pressure issues inherent in traditional technologies.

[0105] Through the above technical solution, this application can dynamically adjust the air pressure according to the patient's real-time body surface temperature, the tilt angle of the backrest 2, and the degree of aging of the air cushion 41, avoiding the risk of pressure sores caused by the air cushion 41 pressure not being adapted to the patient's abnormal body temperature. At the same time, by compensating for the impact of air cushion 41 material aging on support performance, it prevents the air cushion 41 from collapsing or overheating. Furthermore, by setting independent weighting coefficients, the priority of the patient's reclining position and the air cushion 41 position can be flexibly adjusted according to different clinical scenarios. For example, when the air cushion 41 is severely aged, the adjustment coefficient of the backrest position can be increased first to ensure the reliability and safety of air pressure regulation.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-cushion type electric hospital bed, comprising a bed board, a backrest rotatably connected to the bed board, and a drive mechanism disposed between the bed board and the backrest, the drive mechanism being capable of driving the backrest to rotate, characterized in that, The backplate is provided with a support component and a protective component. The support component is used to provide elastic support for the patient's body, and the protective component is used to fix the patient's body in place. It also includes: The air pressure regulation system includes: The data acquisition module is capable of acquiring patient status information, backplate status information, and air cushion status information; The patient status assessment module can construct a patient status assessment model based on the patient's height, weight, and body surface temperature information, and output the patient status assessment coefficient. The reclining state assessment module can construct a reclining state assessment model based on the tilt angle of the back panel, the stability of the back panel, and the tension of the fixing straps, and output the reclining state assessment coefficients. The comprehensive assessment module for patient lying and reclining status can construct a comprehensive assessment model for patient lying and reclining status based on the patient status assessment coefficient and the lying and reclining status assessment coefficient, and output the comprehensive assessment coefficient for patient lying and reclining status. The cushion condition assessment module can construct a cushion condition assessment model based on the aging degree of the air cushion, the material toughness of the air cushion, and the surface temperature of the air cushion, and output the cushion condition assessment coefficient. The air pressure control module can construct an air pressure control model based on the standard air pressure in the air cushion, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the patient's lying position, and the evaluation coefficient of the cushion's position, and output the target air pressure of the air cushion.

2. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a motor, a drive rod, a threaded sleeve, and a connecting rod; The motor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bed board, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a drive rod. The drive rod is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected between the threaded sleeve and the back plate.

3. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly includes an air cushion and an air pump. The air cushion is fixedly connected to the back plate, and the back plate is also equipped with an air pump that is connected to the air cushion.

4. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective components include a connector, a mechanism housing, and a socket; The air cushion is provided with a connector and a socket on both sides. The connector is connected to a mechanism box, and a fixing strap is wound around the mechanism box.

5. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 4, characterized in that, The patient's actual height is divided by the set upper limit value to obtain the height index; the patient's actual weight is divided by the set upper limit value to obtain the weight index; and the patient's actual body surface temperature is divided by the set upper limit value to obtain the body surface temperature index. The patient status assessment model is as follows: C p =a h H+a w W+a t (1-T); Where α h α w and α t All are weighting coefficients, α h +α w +α t =1, and α h α w and α t All are greater than 0, H is height index, W is body mass index, T is body surface temperature index, and C is body temperature index. p This is the patient status assessment coefficient.

6. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 5, characterized in that, Divide the backplate tilt angle by the maximum backplate tilt angle to obtain the backplate tilt angle index, and divide the actual tension of the fixing strap by the ultimate tension of the strap to obtain the tension index of the fixing strap. The reclining state assessment model is as follows: C b =c a (1-θ)+γ s (1-S)+γ f (1-F); Where γ a γ s and γ f All are weighting coefficients, γ a +γ s +γ f =1, and γ a γ s and γ f All are greater than 0, θ is the backplate tilt angle exponent; S is the backplate stability, S∈(0,1), S is dimensionless, F is the tension exponent, C b This is the evaluation coefficient for the reclining state.

7. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 6, characterized in that, The comprehensive assessment model for the patient's reclining state is as follows: C l =w p C p +w b C b ; Where w p with w b All are weighting coefficients, w p +w b =1, and w p with w b All are greater than 0; C p C is the patient status assessment coefficient. b C is the evaluation coefficient for the reclining state. l A comprehensive assessment coefficient for the patient's reclining position.

8. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air cushion surface temperature index is obtained by dividing the side surface temperature of the air cushion by the set maximum surface temperature. The cushion condition evaluation model is as follows: C g =d a (1-A g )+d r R m +d t (1-T g ); Where δ a δ r and δ t All are weighting coefficients, δ a +δ r +δ t =1, and δ a δ r and δ t All are greater than 0; A g A represents the aging index of the air cushion. g The range is (0,1), R m R represents the toughness of the material. m The range is (0,1), T g C is the surface temperature index of the air cushion. g This is the cushion condition evaluation coefficient.

9. The air-cushion mode electric hospital bed according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gas pressure regulation model is as follows: P.S tanget JP std (1+η l C l +η g C g )4 Where P std η is the standard air pressure of the air cushion. l η g These are the adjustment coefficients for reclining and backrest states, η. l η g All are greater than 0, C l C is the comprehensive assessment coefficient for the patient's reclining position. g P is the cushion condition evaluation coefficient. tanget The target air pressure for the air cushion.

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