Carbon fiber composite material and application thereof in preparation of guitar

Abstract

The invention provides a carbon fiber composite material and application thereof in guitar preparation, and belongs to the technical field of composites.The carbon fiber composite material is prepared from, by mass, 80-85 parts of ASA resin, 20-25 parts of carbon fibers, 1-1.5 parts of core-shell acrylate rubber, 1.5-2.5 parts of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 1-3 parts of lubricant and 1-2 parts of compatilizer. The tensile strength of the prepared carbon fiber composite material can be improved, and the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of composite material technology, specifically relating to a carbon fiber composite material and its application in the manufacture of guitars. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commercially available stringed musical instruments, such as guitars, are typically made from specific types of wood, with various structural and functional components crafted by hand. However, wooden guitars are highly susceptible to changes in environmental humidity, easily deforming and affecting sound quality in both humid and dry environments. Carbon fiber composite materials offer advantages such as high processing efficiency, low cost, and resistance to environmental influences. Therefore, using carbon fiber composite materials to replace wood has become a major development direction in the musical instrument industry.

[0003] When carbon fibers are added to existing carbon fiber composites, they tend to agglomerate. This agglomeration has adverse effects on the manufacture of guitars using carbon fiber composites, specifically as follows: carbon fiber agglomeration reduces the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composites, increases the porosity, and reduces the acoustic vibration transmission efficiency of the guitar. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a carbon fiber composite material and its application in the manufacture of guitars.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A carbon fiber composite material, by weight, comprises the following components: 80-85 parts of ASA resin, 20-25 parts of carbon fiber, 1-1.5 parts of core-shell acrylate rubber, 1.5-2.5 parts of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 1-3 parts of lubricant, and 1-2 parts of compatibilizer.

[0007] The preparation method of the nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres is as follows: A1. Weigh 10-12g of sodium lignin sulfonate, add 150-180g of distilled water to dissolve and stir to obtain a lignin sulfonate solution;

[0008] A2. Add 7-8g of melamine to the lignosulfonate solution obtained in A1, heat and continue stirring to obtain a mixed solution;

[0009] A3. The mixed solution obtained in A2 is placed in a spray dryer and, after granulation, heating, sedimentation and drying, nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres are obtained.

[0010] In A2, the heating temperature is 80-90℃ and the stirring time is 15-20min.

[0011] In A3, the inlet temperature of the spray dryer is 120±5℃, the outlet temperature is 60±5℃, the fan frequency is 60Hz, and the feed rate is 450-500mL / h.

[0012] In step A3, the mixed solution obtained from A2 enters the feed pipe through the feed trough, and then enters the spray gun through the peristaltic pump. The spray gun disperses the mixed solution into fine droplets, which are then heated by a heater to evaporate the water in the droplets and obtain a solid material. The solid material settles into a collection bottle through a cyclone separator. The dried solid material is taken out from the collection bottle and placed in a forced-air drying oven at a temperature of 60°C for 5 hours to obtain nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres.

[0013] The preparation method of the core-shell acrylate rubber is as follows:

[0014] B1. By weight, mix 100-102 parts of butyl acrylate, 2-2.5 parts of emulsifier, 0.15-0.16 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 120-123 parts of deionized water, and shear emulsify at 25°C for 30 min to obtain an emulsion.

[0015] B2. Under nitrogen protection, the emulsion obtained in B1 is heated to 82-85℃, and 10.6-11 parts of potassium persulfate solution with a mass concentration of 5.66% are added dropwise. The mixture is reacted at 85℃ for 2 hours to obtain polybutyl acrylate core emulsion.

[0016] B3. By weight, add 60-62 parts of methyl methacrylate, 3-4 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0.5-0.6 parts of KH-570 and 0.3 parts of sodium allyl sulfonate to the polybutyl acrylate core emulsion obtained in B2, and swell at 25°C for 40±1 min to obtain a monomer mixture.

[0017] B4. Heat to 75℃, and simultaneously and independently add initiator A solution, initiator B solution and monomer mixture obtained in B3 to the same reaction vessel. All three are added at a rate of 6mL / h. After the addition is complete, keep warm at 75±2℃ to obtain the reactants.

[0018] B5. The reactants obtained in B4 are aged at 80°C for 1.5 hours, then cooled to 40°C and the pH is adjusted to 8.0-8.5 to obtain core-shell acrylate rubber.

[0019] In B1, the shearing rate is 1600-2000 rpm.

[0020] The initiator A solution comprises ammonium persulfate and water, with a mass ratio of 0.4:5; the initiator B solution comprises sodium bisulfite and water, with a mass ratio of 0.1:5.

[0021] An application of a carbon fiber composite material in the manufacture of guitars.

[0022] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The amino group (-NH2) of the nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres of the present invention carries a positive charge, which forms an electric double layer structure with the negatively charged carbon fiber, generating electrostatic repulsion force, stabilizing the carbon fiber spacing, significantly reducing the risk of carbon fiber migration and aggregation, and improving the tensile strength of carbon fiber composite materials.

[0024] 2. The nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres of this invention reduce the viscosity of the ASA resin matrix by dispersing it in the matrix, thereby improving its wettability to carbon fibers. At the same time, the polar groups (-OH, -NH2) on the surface of the microspheres form hydrogen bonds with the cyano groups (-CN) of the ASA resin, reducing interfacial defects and thus reducing the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material.

[0025] 3. The phenolic hydroxyl groups (-OH) of the nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres form multiple hydrogen bonds with the ester groups (-COOR) of the PMMA shell of the core-shell acrylate rubber, constructing a "lignin-rubber" composite. This blocks the contact between the hydrophobic core of the core-shell acrylate rubber and the non-polar surface of the carbon fiber, eliminating van der Waals force-induced aggregation. The hydrogen bond network reduces the interfacial energy difference, enhancing the compatibility between ASA resin and the "lignin-rubber" composite. It also improves the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite while reducing its porosity. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A comparative trend chart of tensile strength test data of carbon fiber composite materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A comparative trend chart of porosity test data of carbon fiber composite materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this application are all commercially available.

[0030] Example 1: (I) The preparation method of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres is as follows: A1. Weigh 10g of sodium lignin sulfonate, add 150g of distilled water to dissolve and stir to obtain lignin sulfonate solution;

[0031] A2. Add 7g of melamine to the lignosulfonate solution obtained in A1, heat and continue stirring to obtain a mixed solution; the heating temperature is 80℃ and the stirring time is 15min.

[0032] A3. The mixed solution obtained in A2 is placed in a spray dryer and subjected to granulation, heating, sedimentation, and drying to obtain nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres. The inlet temperature of the spray dryer is 120±5℃, the outlet temperature is 60±5℃, the fan frequency is 60Hz, and the feed rate is 450mL / h. Specifically, the mixed solution obtained in A2 enters the feed pipe through the feed trough, and enters the spray gun through a peristaltic pump. The spray gun disperses the mixture into fine droplets, which are then heated by a heater to evaporate the water in the droplets, obtaining a solid material. The solid material settles into a collection bottle through a cyclone separator. The dried solid material is taken out of the collection bottle and placed in a forced-air oven at a temperature of 60℃ for 5 hours to obtain nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres.

[0033] Sodium lignin-based sulfonate was purchased from Jining Juji New Materials Co., Ltd.; melamine was purchased from Henan Xinzhiyuan Chemical Products Co., Ltd.

[0034] (II) The preparation method of core-shell acrylate rubber is as follows:

[0035] B1. By weight, mix 100 parts butyl acrylate, 2 parts emulsifier, 0.1 parts sodium bicarbonate, and 120 parts deionized water, and shear emulsify at 25°C for 30 min to obtain an emulsion; the shear rate is 1600 rpm. The 2 parts emulsifier include 1 part sodium alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate and 1 part fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0036] B2. Under nitrogen protection, the emulsion obtained in B1 was heated to 82°C, and 10.6 parts of a 5.66% potassium persulfate solution were added dropwise. The mixture was reacted at 85°C for 2 hours to obtain a polybutyl acrylate core emulsion.

[0037] B3. By weight, 60 parts of methyl methacrylate, 3 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0.5 parts of KH-570 and 0.3 parts of sodium allyl sulfonate were added dropwise to the polybutyl acrylate core emulsion obtained in B2, and swollen at 25°C for 40±1 min to obtain a monomer mixture.

[0038] B4. Heat to 75°C, and simultaneously and independently add initiator A solution, initiator B solution, and the monomer mixture obtained in B3 to the same reaction vessel at a rate of 6 mL / h. After the addition is complete, maintain the temperature at 75±2°C to obtain the reactants. By mass, initiator A solution comprises 0.4 parts ammonium persulfate and 5 parts water, and initiator B solution comprises 0.1 parts sodium bisulfite and 5 parts water. Initiator A solution, initiator B solution, and monomer mixture are added simultaneously and independently.

[0039] B5. The reactants obtained in B4 are aged at 80°C for 1.5 hours, then cooled to 40°C and the pH is adjusted to 8.0-8.5 to obtain core-shell acrylate rubber.

[0040] Among them, butyl acrylate was purchased from Shandong Youwang Chemical Products Co., Ltd.; sodium bicarbonate was purchased from Shandong Haihua New Materials Co., Ltd.; methyl methacrylate was purchased from Zhengzhou Jilin Industry and Trade Co., Ltd.; hydroxyethyl methacrylate was purchased from Shandong Xinbaiwei Chemical Co., Ltd.; KH-570 was purchased from Nanjing Xuanhao New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; sodium allyl sulfonate was purchased from Jinan Kaichuang Chemical Co., Ltd.; ammonium sulfate was purchased from Sichuan Hongjianxinyi Technology Co., Ltd.; sodium bisulfite was purchased from Shandong Xiawei International Trade Co., Ltd.; sodium alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate was purchased from Shanghai Zhenlishi Network Technology Co., Ltd.; and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was purchased from Jinan Yutao Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0041] (iii) A carbon fiber composite material, comprising the following components by mass parts: 80 parts of ASA resin, 20 parts of carbon fiber, 1 part of core-shell acrylate rubber, 1.5 parts of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 1 part of lubricant and 1 part of compatibilizer.

[0042] Among them, ASA (Ineos Styrene from South Korea) was purchased from Shanghai Zhongdun Plastics Co., Ltd.; carbon fiber was short-cut carbon fiber purchased from Jiangxi Shuobang New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; lubricant was zinc stearate, purchased from Gaomi Xinwei Additives Co., Ltd.; and compatibilizer was maleic anhydride grafted compatibilizer, purchased from Dongguan Changhong Plastics Co., Ltd.

[0043] The specific preparation process of this carbon fiber composite material is as follows: ASA resin, core-shell acrylate rubber, and nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres are added to a high-speed mixer and premixed at 500 rpm for 5 minutes. Then, zinc stearate and maleic anhydride graft compatibilizer are added and mixed at 800 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premix. The mixture is then melt-blended using a twin-screw extruder (L / D = 40, screw speed 260 rpm). The temperature zones are set as follows: Zone 1 155℃, Zone 2 180℃, Zone 3 200℃, Zone 4 210℃, and die head 220℃. The premix is ​​added through the main feed port, and the carbon fiber is introduced from the end of Zone 2 (to avoid excessive fiber shearing). The extruded strips are cooled in a water bath (water temperature 25℃), and then pelletized into 3mm long particles. The particles are dried in an 80℃ oven for 2 hours to obtain the carbon fiber composite material. When injection molding, the barrel temperature is 220℃ (front section) / 225℃ (middle section) / 230℃ (rear section); the mold temperature is 70℃; the injection pressure is 80MPa; the holding pressure is 45MPa; and the cooling time is 45s.

[0044] Example 2: The only difference from Example 1 is that the content of each component in a carbon fiber composite material is different, as follows: A carbon fiber composite material, by mass parts, includes the following components: 85 parts of ASA resin, 25 parts of carbon fiber, 1.5 parts of core-shell acrylate rubber, 2.5 parts of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 3 parts of lubricant and 2 parts of compatibilizer.

[0045] Example 3: The only difference from Example 1 is that the content of each component in a carbon fiber composite material is different, as follows: A carbon fiber composite material, by mass parts, includes the following components: 82 parts of ASA resin, 23 parts of carbon fiber, 1.2 parts of core-shell acrylate rubber, 2 parts of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 2 parts of lubricant and 1.5 parts of compatibilizer.

[0046] Comparative Example 1: The only difference from Example 1 is the removal of the core-shell acrylate rubber and nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres; specifically as follows:

[0047] A carbon fiber composite material, by mass parts, comprises the following components: 80 parts ASA resin, 20 parts carbon fiber, 1 part lubricant, and 1 part compatibilizer.

[0048] Comparative Example 2: The only difference from Example 1 is the removal of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres; specifically as follows:

[0049] A carbon fiber composite material, by mass parts, comprises the following components: 80 parts ASA resin, 20 parts carbon fiber, 1 part core-shell acrylate rubber, 1 part lubricant, and 1 part compatibilizer.

[0050] Comparative Example 3: The only difference from Example 1 is the removal of the core-shell acrylate rubber; specifically as follows:

[0051] A carbon fiber composite material, by weight, comprises the following components: 80 parts ASA resin, 20 parts carbon fiber, 1.5 parts nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 1 part lubricant, and 1 part compatibilizer.

[0052] Experimental Example: The test subjects were carbon fiber composites prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3. The tensile strength and porosity test data of each test subject (carbon fiber composite) are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Porosity data were measured according to the microscope scale method in GB / T 3365-2008.

[0054] Tensile strength data testing shall be conducted in accordance with GB / T 3362-2017.

[0055] Table 1. Experimental Data

[0056] Tensile strength / MPa Porosity / % Example 1 112.2 0.93 Example 2 113.5 0.95 Example 3 115.3 0.98 Comparative Example 1 103.4 1.72 Comparative Example 2 97.5 2.31 Comparative Example 3 107.8 1.36

[0057] Results Analysis: Analysis of Examples 1-3, combined with data from Table 1 and... Figures 1-2 It can be seen that the carbon fiber composite material prepared by the present invention has high tensile strength and low porosity, with a tensile strength of up to 112.2 MPa and a porosity as low as 0.98.

[0058] Analyze Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 and combine the data in Table 1 and Figures 1-2 As can be seen from the comparison between Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 added core-shell acrylate rubber. As a result, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 2 is less than that of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 1, and the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 2 is greater than that of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the addition of core-shell acrylate rubber alone actually reduces the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material and increases the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material.

[0059] This is mainly because the hydrophobic core (polybutyl acrylate) of the core-shell acrylate rubber adsorbs onto the carbon fiber surface through van der Waals forces, while the hydrophilic shell (PMMA) competes with the polar groups of the ASA resin for binding, forming "carbon fiber-rubber" aggregates. These aggregates act as stress concentration points, reducing the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite. Furthermore, the core-shell acrylate particles covering the carbon fiber surface hinder the wetting of the ASA resin matrix, leading to increased porosity.

[0060] Comparing Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that, compared with Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 added nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres. As a result, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 3 is greater than that of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 1, and the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 3 is less than that of the carbon fiber composite material of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the addition of nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres can improve the tensile strength of the prepared carbon fiber composite material and reduce the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material.

[0061] This is mainly because the amino groups (-NH2) of the nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres carry a positive charge, forming an electric double layer structure with the negatively charged carbon fibers. This generates electrostatic repulsion, stabilizing the carbon fiber spacing, significantly reducing the risk of carbon fiber migration and aggregation, and improving the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material. The nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres of this invention reduce the resin viscosity and improve its wettability to carbon fibers by dispersing them in an ASA resin matrix. Simultaneously, the polar groups (-OH, -NH2) on the surface of the microspheres form hydrogen bonds with the cyano groups (-CN) of the ASA resin, reducing interfacial defects and thus lowering porosity.

[0062] A comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 shows that, compared to Comparative Example 3, Example 1 added core-shell acrylate rubber. As a result, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material in Example 1 was greater than that in Comparative Example 3, and the porosity of the carbon fiber composite material in Example 1 was less than that in Comparative Example 3. This indicates that when nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres and core-shell acrylate rubber are added simultaneously, they can work synergistically to improve the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material and synergistically reduce its porosity.

[0063] This is mainly because the phenolic hydroxyl groups (-OH) of lignin form multiple hydrogen bonds with the PMMA ester groups (-COOR) of the shell of the core-shell acrylate rubber, constructing a "lignin-rubber" composite. This blocks the contact between the hydrophobic core of the core-shell acrylate rubber and the non-polar surface of the carbon fiber, eliminating van der Waals force-induced aggregation. The hydrogen bond network reduces the interfacial energy difference, enhancing the compatibility between ASA resin and the "lignin-rubber" composite. It also improves the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite while reducing its porosity.

[0064] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0065] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon fiber composite material, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: 80-85 parts ASA resin, 20-25 parts carbon fiber, 1-1.5 parts core-shell acrylate rubber, 1.5-2.5 parts nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres, 1-3 parts lubricant, and 1-2 parts compatibilizer.

2. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres are prepared as follows: A1. Weigh 10-12g of sodium lignin sulfonate, add 150-180g of distilled water to dissolve and stir to obtain a lignin sulfonate solution; A2. Add 7-8g of melamine to the lignosulfonate solution obtained in A1, heat and continue stirring to obtain a mixed solution; A3. The mixed solution obtained in A2 is placed in a spray dryer and, after granulation, heating, sedimentation and drying, nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres are obtained.

3. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, In A2, the heating temperature is 80-90℃ and the stirring time is 15-20 minutes.

4. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, In A3, the inlet temperature of the spray dryer is 120±5℃, the outlet temperature is 60±5℃, the fan frequency is 60Hz, and the feed rate is 450-500mL / h.

5. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, In A3, the mixed solution obtained from A2 enters the feed pipe through the feed trough, and then enters the spray gun through the peristaltic pump. The spray gun disperses the mixed solution into fine droplets, which are then heated by a heater to evaporate the water in the droplets and obtain a solid material. The solid material settles into a collection bottle through a cyclone separator. The dried solid material is taken out from the collection bottle and placed in a forced-air drying oven at a temperature of 60°C for 5 hours to obtain nitrogen-doped lignin microspheres.

6. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the core-shell acrylate rubber is as follows: B1. By weight, mix 100-102 parts of butyl acrylate, 2-2.5 parts of emulsifier, 0.15-0.16 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 120-123 parts of deionized water, and shear emulsify at 25°C for 30 min to obtain an emulsion. B2. Under nitrogen protection, the emulsion obtained in B1 is heated to 82-85℃, and 10.6-11 parts of potassium persulfate solution with a mass concentration of 5.66% are added dropwise. The mixture is reacted at 85℃ for 2 hours to obtain polybutyl acrylate core emulsion. B3. By weight, add 60-62 parts of methyl methacrylate, 3-4 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0.5-0.6 parts of KH-570 and 0.3 parts of sodium allyl sulfonate to the polybutyl acrylate core emulsion obtained in B2, and swell at 25°C for 40±1 min to obtain a monomer mixture. B4. Heat to 75℃, and simultaneously and independently add initiator A solution, initiator B solution and monomer mixture obtained in B3 to the same reaction vessel. All three are added at a rate of 6mL / h. After the addition is complete, keep warm at 75±2℃ to obtain the reactants. B5. The reactants obtained in B4 are aged at 80°C for 1.5 hours, then cooled to 40°C and the pH is adjusted to 8.0-8.5 to obtain core-shell acrylate rubber.

7. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, In B1, the shearing rate is 1600-2000 rpm.

8. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The initiator A solution comprises ammonium persulfate and water, with a mass ratio of 0.4:5; the initiator B solution comprises sodium bisulfite and water, with a mass ratio of 0.1:

5.

9. The use of a carbon fiber composite material as described in any one of claims 1-8 in the manufacture of a guitar.

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