Method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by utilizing modified circulating material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by utilizing a modified circulating material. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a waste circulating material, and pretreating to obtain a pretreated circulating material; s2, preparing a composite improver, and mixing the pretreated circulating material obtained in the S1 with the composite improver for reaction to obtain a modified material; s3, carbonizing the modified material obtained in S2, and then introducing mixed activation gas to perform activation reaction to obtain an activated carbon crude product; and S4, carrying out post-treatment on the active carbon crude product obtained in S3 to obtain the high-performance active carbon. Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the high-performance activated carbon by using the modified circulating material has the advantages that the activation efficiency of the circulating material is remarkably improved through the synergistic effect of targeted regulation and control of the composite improver and the mixed activation gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of activated carbon preparation technology, specifically to a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials. Background Technology

[0002] Activated carbon, due to its excellent pore structure and adsorption properties, is widely used in water treatment, air purification, soil remediation, and other fields. Traditional activated carbon production largely relies on non-renewable resources such as high-quality wood and coal, resulting in high raw material costs and significant resource consumption.

[0003] Currently, large amounts of organic solid waste (such as fly ash and lignin residue), waste activated carbon (most of which are discarded after their adsorption performance deteriorates) and agricultural and forestry waste (such as rice husks and straw) generated in industrial production are accumulating, which not only occupies land resources but also easily causes environmental pollution.

[0004] In recent years, research on using industrial organic solid waste, agricultural and forestry waste or waste activated carbon as alternative raw materials has gradually increased. However, the processes often suffer from defects such as poor activated carbon performance and complex processes, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-end adsorption scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by modifying recycled materials, which significantly improves the activation efficiency of recycled materials through the targeted regulation of composite modifiers and the synergistic effect of mixed activation gases.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Select waste recycling materials for pretreatment to obtain pretreated recycling materials;

[0008] S2: Prepare a composite modifier, mix the pretreated recycled material obtained in S1 with the composite modifier to obtain the modified material;

[0009] S3: The modified material obtained from carbonization of S2 is then activated by passing a mixed activation gas to obtain crude activated carbon.

[0010] S4: The crude activated carbon obtained in S3 is post-processed to obtain high-performance activated carbon.

[0011] Preferably, the waste recycling material in S1 includes a combination of industrial organic solid waste, waste activated carbon, and agricultural and forestry waste recycling material;

[0012] The mass ratio of the industrial organic solid waste, waste activated carbon, and recycled agricultural and forestry waste is 2:1:3-5.

[0013] Preferably, the industrial organic solid waste includes one or more of the following: fly ash, steel slag, lignin residue, and fruit shell / kernel processing waste.

[0014] The agricultural and forestry waste recycling materials include rice husks, wood chips, or straw recycled and crushed materials.

[0015] The waste activated carbon is activated carbon whose adsorption value has decreased by more than 45%.

[0016] Preferably, the pretreatment in S1 includes weighing the materials according to the mass ratio, mixing and pulverizing them, wherein the particle size after pulverization is less than 100 mesh, and drying them at 80-120℃ for 4-6 hours.

[0017] Preferably, the composite modifier in S2 comprises a phosphoric acid solution, a transition metal salt, and a surfactant in a volume ratio of 2:1:0.3;

[0018] The transition metal salts include at least one of ferric chloride, copper chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride;

[0019] Surfactants include aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol 400 or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, the pretreated recycled material and the composite improver are mixed by ultrasonic vibration at a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2 and reacted at 110-150℃ for 2-6 hours.

[0021] Preferably, the ultrasonic oscillation power is 300-500W.

[0022] Preferably, step S3 includes placing the sample into a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas, and carbonizing it at 600-800°C for 1-3 hours.

[0023] The mixed activation gas is carbon dioxide and potassium hydroxide, with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide:potassium hydroxide = 3:1. The activation temperature is 600-800℃ and the time is 2-4h.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, carbonization is performed by heating at 8-15℃ / min, the inert gas is nitrogen, and the flow rate is 50-100mL / min.

[0025] Preferably, the post-treatment in S4 includes soaking the crude activated carbon in a 1-5% hydrochloric acid solution, washing with deionized water until the pH reaches 6-7, and vacuum drying at 100-150°C for 3-5 hours to obtain high-performance activated carbon.

[0026] The advantages of this invention compared with the prior art are as follows: This invention integrates industrial solid waste, waste activated carbon and agricultural and forestry waste, and enhances the overall reaction activity through the complementary effect between raw materials. The synergistic activation process of the ternary system of phosphate-transition metal salt-surfactant is simple, requires no complicated equipment, and is easy to promote and use. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials includes the following steps:

[0030] S1: Select waste recycling materials for pretreatment to obtain pretreated recycling materials;

[0031] S2: Prepare a composite modifier, mix the pretreated recycled material obtained in S1 with the composite modifier to obtain the modified material;

[0032] S3: The modified material obtained from carbonization of S2 is then activated by passing a mixed activation gas to obtain crude activated carbon.

[0033] S4: The crude activated carbon obtained in S3 is post-processed to obtain high-performance activated carbon.

[0034] In a specific implementation of this invention, the waste recycling material in S1 comprises a combination of industrial organic solid waste, waste activated carbon, and agricultural and forestry waste recycling material; the mass ratio of the industrial organic solid waste, waste activated carbon, and agricultural and forestry waste recycling material is 2:1:3-5.

[0035] Industrial organic solid waste includes one or more of the following: fly ash, steel slag, lignin residue, and fruit shell / kernel processing waste.

[0036] The agricultural and forestry waste recycling materials include rice husks, wood chips, or straw recycled and crushed materials.

[0037] The waste activated carbon is activated carbon whose adsorption value has decreased by more than 45%.

[0038] More specifically:

[0039] The pretreatment in S1 includes weighing the materials according to the mass ratio, mixing and pulverizing them, wherein the particle size after pulverization is less than 100 mesh, and drying them at 80-120℃ for 4-6 hours.

[0040] In one embodiment:

[0041] The composite modifier in S2 includes phosphoric acid solution, transition metal salt and surfactant in a volume ratio of 2:1:0.3;

[0042] The transition metal salts include at least one of ferric chloride, copper chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride;

[0043] The surfactant includes an aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 400 or sodium dodecyl sulfate. The pretreated recycled material and the composite modifier are mixed by ultrasonic vibration at a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2 and reacted at 110-150℃ for 2-6 hours.

[0044] The ultrasonic oscillation power is 300-500W;

[0045] In one embodiment:

[0046] S3 involves placing the sample into a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas, and carbonizing it at 600-800℃ for 1-3 hours.

[0047] The mixed activation gas is carbon dioxide and potassium hydroxide, with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide:potassium hydroxide = 3:1. The activation temperature is 600-800℃, and the time is 2-4h. Carbonization is carried out in S3 at a temperature increase of 8-15℃ / min. The inert gas is nitrogen, and the flow rate is 50-100mL / min.

[0048] The post-treatment in S4 includes soaking the crude activated carbon in a 1-5% hydrochloric acid solution, washing with deionized water until the pH reaches 6-7, and vacuum drying at 100-150℃ for 3-5 hours to obtain high-performance activated carbon.

[0049] In one embodiment:

[0050] Select fly ash, lignin residue = 1:1, waste activated carbon, and rice husk recycled crushed material at a mass ratio of 2:1:4, mix them, crush them to 80 mesh, and dry them at 100℃ for 5 hours to obtain pretreated recycled material;

[0051] The composite modifier was prepared by mixing 10% phosphoric acid solution, 5% zinc chloride solution, and 2% polyethylene glycol 400 aqueous solution in a ratio of 2:1:0.3. The pretreated recycled material was mixed with the composite modifier at a mass ratio of 1:1, ultrasonically vibrated at 400W, and reacted at 130℃ for 4 hours to obtain the modified material.

[0052] The modified material was placed in a tube furnace, and nitrogen was introduced at a flow rate of 80 mL / min. The temperature was increased to 700℃ at 12℃ / min for 2 hours for carbonization. The process was then switched to a CO2 and KOH mixture at a ratio of 3:1 and activated at 700℃ for 3 hours to obtain crude activated carbon. The crude activated carbon was soaked in 3% hydrochloric acid for 1.5 hours, washed with deionized water until pH=6.5, and vacuum dried at 120℃ for 4 hours to obtain high-performance activated carbon for use.

[0053] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0054] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Select waste recycling materials for pretreatment to obtain pretreated recycling materials; S2: Prepare a composite modifier, mix the pretreated recycled material obtained in S1 with the composite modifier to obtain the modified material; S3: The modified material obtained from carbonization of S2 is then activated by passing a mixed activation gas to obtain crude activated carbon. S4: The crude activated carbon obtained in S3 is post-processed to obtain high-performance activated carbon.

2. The method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste recycling material in S1 includes a combination of industrial organic solid waste, waste activated carbon, and agricultural and forestry waste recycling materials; The mass ratio of the industrial organic solid waste, waste activated carbon, and recycled agricultural and forestry waste is 2:1:3-5.

3. The method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The industrial organic solid waste includes one or more of the following: fly ash, steel slag, lignin residue, and fruit shell / kernel processing waste. The agricultural and forestry waste recycling materials include rice husks, wood chips, or straw recycled and crushed materials. The waste activated carbon is activated carbon whose adsorption value has decreased by more than 45%.

4. The method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pretreatment in S1 includes weighing the materials according to the mass ratio, mixing and pulverizing them, wherein the particle size after pulverization is less than 100 mesh, and drying them at 80-120℃ for 4-6 hours.

5. The method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite modifier in S2 includes a phosphoric acid solution, a transition metal salt, and a surfactant in a volume ratio of 2:1:0.

3. The transition metal salts include at least one of ferric chloride, copper chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride; Surfactants include aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol 400 or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

6. A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: In S2, the pretreated recycled material and the composite improver are mixed by ultrasonic vibration at a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2 and reacted at 110-150℃ for 2-6 hours.

7. The method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ultrasonic oscillation power is 300-500W.

8. The method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: S3 includes placing the sample into a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas, and carbonizing it at 600-800°C for 1-3 hours. The mixed activation gas is carbon dioxide and potassium hydroxide, with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide:potassium hydroxide = 3:

1. The activation temperature is 600-800℃ and the time is 2-4h.

9. A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, carbonization is carried out by heating at 8-15℃ / min, with nitrogen as the inert gas and a flow rate of 50-100mL / min.

10. A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using modified recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-treatment in S4 includes soaking the crude activated carbon in a 1-5% hydrochloric acid solution, washing it with deionized water until the pH reaches 6-7, and then vacuum drying it at 100-150℃ for 3-5 hours to obtain high-performance activated carbon.

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